Nepal Biodiversity Strategy
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Buffer Zone Management System in Protected Areas of Nepal
34/ The Third Pole BUFFER ZONE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN PROTECTED AREAS OF NEPAL Narayan Prasad Bhusal Associate Professor Department of Geography Education Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur Abstract Maintenance of eco-system diversity is often carried out by establishing national parks, wildlife reserves and other protected areas. The fourth amendment of the National Park and Wildlife Conservation Act in 1992 made the provision of buffer zone for protected areas considering buffer zone, an area of 2km in the vicinity of the park could benefi t from park revenue (30-50 percent) and in return the community is supposed to participate and assist in park management activities. Between 1996 and 2010 Government of Nepal demarcated buffer zones of 12 protected areas covering a total area of 5602.67 square kilometer in 83 VDCs and two Municipalities of 27 districts where benefi ting human popula- tion is over 0.9 million. In the buffer zone management programme emphasis has been given on the natural resource management where need of eco-friendly land use practices and peoples participation in conservation for long term sustainability are encouraged. This paper is an attempt to outline the various activities that have been executed under buffer zone management programme of Department of National Park and Wildlife Conservation with the internal resources, local communities and support from UNDP, WWF Nepal, CARE Nepal, NTNC and other various partners for the conservation and development of buffer zones in Nepal. Key words: Bio-diversity, park, conservation, sustainability, buffer zone, community forest, livelihood, wildlife, ecotourism. Introduction unexpectedly become useful and important the next (Upreti, 1991). -
Improved Conservation Plant Materials Released by NRCS and Cooperators Through December 2014
Natural Resources Conservation Service Improved Conservation Plant Materials Released by Plant Materials Program NRCS and Cooperators through December 2014 Page intentionally left blank. Natural Resources Conservation Service Plant Materials Program Improved Conservation Plant Materials Released by NRCS and Cooperators Through December 2014 Norman A. Berg Plant Materials Center 8791 Beaver Dam Road Building 509, BARC-East Beltsville, Maryland 20705 U.S.A. Phone: (301) 504-8175 prepared by: Julie A. DePue Data Manager/Secretary [email protected] John M. Englert Plant Materials Program Leader [email protected] January 2015 Visit our Website: http://Plant-Materials.nrcs.usda.gov TABLE OF CONTENTS Topics Page Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Types of Plant Materials Releases ........................................................................................................................2 Sources of Plant Materials ....................................................................................................................................3 NRCS Conservation Plants Released in 2013 and 2014 .......................................................................................4 Complete Listing of Conservation Plants Released through December 2014 ......................................................6 Grasses ......................................................................................................................................................8 -
Status and Human Impact Assessment of Jagdishpur Reservoir - a Ramsar Site, Nepal
Status and Human Impact Assessment of Jagdishpur Reservoir - A Ramsar Site, Nepal A Dissertation Submitted for the Partial Fulfillment of Master of Science (M. Sc.) Degree in Environmental Science Submitted by Mangleswori Dhonju Exam Roll No. 467 T.U. Registration No. 5-2-408-117-2003 Submitted to Central Department of Environmental Science Tribhuvan University Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal August 2010 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I take great pride in expressing heart-felt gratitude to my respected supervisor, Associate Prof. Soviet Man Pradhan, Patan Campus, Tribhuvan University for providing innumerable instructions during entire period of this study. I am very grateful to my co- supervisor Mr. Deep Narayan Shah, Aquatic Ecologist, Hindu Kush Himalayan Benthological Society (HKH BENSO) for providing all the required technical support (site selection and study design), giving suggestions, encouragement and motivating guidance during whole study periods. I would like to thank Assoc. Prof. Kedar Prashad Rijal (Ph. D.), Head of Department, Central Department of Environmental Science (CDES), Tribhuvan University for providing necessary guidance, supplying essential field materials & equipment and giving laboratory facilities for completing this dissertation. I am very thankful to Prof. Dr. Umakant Ray Yadav, Former Head of Department of CDES for his encouraging suggestion. I must thank Hindu Kush Himalayan Benthological Society (HKH BENSO) for granting me to conduct this study under the Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST). I am very thankful to Mrs. Ram Devi Tachamo Shah, Aquatic Ecologist of HKH BENSO for help in identifying macroinvertebrates, all data analysis using different statistical analysis and providing valuable encouragement & suggestions. Special thank goes to Prof. Jaya Krishna Shrestha, Central Department of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur for giving valuable suggestion during analysis of physico- chemical parameters and Mr. -
Sabai Grass Fibre: an Insight Into Thermal Stability, Chemical Constitution and Morphology
International Journal of Advanced Chemical Science and Applications (IJACSA) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Sabai Grass Fibre: An Insight into Thermal Stability, Chemical Constitution and Morphology 1Sanjay Sahu, 2AsimanandaKhandual & 3Lingaraj Behera 1Clearity Specialties LLP, Thane, Mumbai, India 2Fashion & Apparel Technology, College of Engineering & Technology (CET), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 3Dept. of Chemistry, North Orissa University, Baripada Email: [email protected] [Received: 20th Nov.2016; Revised:28th Nov.2016; century, natural fibres have been displaced in our Accepted:30th Nov.2016] clothing, house hold furnishings, industries and agriculture by man-made fibres with names like Abstract— Many natural materials and processes acrylic, nylon, polyester and polypropylene. The and the natural fibres are being explored to be added success of Synthetics is mainly due to cost and up in the main stream application as we are more customised applications. After World war II, the concerned today to ecology, sustainability, and building up of synthetic fibre significantly healthy social responsibility. Apart from eastern decreased the use of natural fibre. With continuous India, in regions of various asian countries, Sabai increase in petrochemical prices and environmental grass (Eulaliopsis binate), has a prominent role to considerations, there is a revival of natural fibre play. They have cellulose contents close to 45%; which is larger than sisal and palm and the uses in textile, building, plastics and automotive fundamental characteristic of this fiber is good industries. This interest is reinforced by the comparatively, and the lignin content is close to development of agro-industrial market and local 18.5%. Conventionally, the fundamental research on productions. this fibre and its processing route has not been developed completely as it is dominantly used to make I.1. -
Conservation and the Impact of Relocation on the Tharus of Chitwan, Nepal Joanne Mclean Charles Sturt University (Australia)
HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies Volume 19 Number 2 Himalayan Research Bulletin; Special Article 8 Topic: The Tharu 1999 Conservation and the Impact of Relocation on the Tharus of Chitwan, Nepal Joanne McLean Charles Sturt University (Australia) Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya Recommended Citation McLean, Joanne (1999) "Conservation and the Impact of Relocation on the Tharus of Chitwan, Nepal," HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies: Vol. 19 : No. 2 , Article 8. Available at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/himalaya/vol19/iss2/8 This Research Article is brought to you for free and open access by the DigitalCommons@Macalester College at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Conservation and the linpact of Relocation on the Tharus of Chitwan, Nepal Joanne McLean Charles Sturt University (Australia) Since the establishment of the first national park in the United States in the nineteenth century, indig enous peoples have been forced to move from regions designated as parks. Some of these people have been relocated to other areas by the government, more often they have been told to leave the area and are given no alternatives (Clay, 1985:2). Introduction (Guneratne 1994; Skar 1999). The Thant are often de scribed as one people. However, many subgroups exist: The relocation of indigenous people from national Kochjla Tharu in the eastern Tarai, Chitwaniya and Desauri parks has become standard practice in developing coun in the central Tarai, and Kathariya, Dangaura and Rana tries with little regard for the impacts it imposes on a Tharu in the western Tarai (Meyer & Deuel, 1999). -
Birds of Jagdishpur Reservoir, Nepal Forktail 24: 115-119 (PDF, 70
Forktail 24 (2008) SHORT NOTES 115 König, C., Weick, F. and Becking, J.-H. (1999) Owls: a guide to the owls Warburton, T. (2006) Wonderful Philippines news. World Owl Trust of the world. Robertsbridge, East Sussex, U.K.: Pica Press. Newsletter 32: 3–5. Marshall, J. T. (1978) Systematics of smaller Asian night birds based Warburton, T. (2007) The Philippine Eagle Owls do it again. World on voice. Orn. Monogr. 24. Owl Trust Newsletter 35: 22. Taylor, B. (1998) Rails: a guide to the rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Robertsbridge, UK: Pica Press. D. N. S. Allen, 97 Sussex Way, London N7 6RU, U.K. N. J. Collar, BirdLife International, Wellbrook Court, Girton Road, Cambridge CB3 0NA, U.K. Email: [email protected] Birds of Jagdishpur Reservoir, Nepal HEM SAGAR BARAL Jagdishpur Reservoir is the largest reservoir in Nepal (at sites in Nepal and the use of such information for the 2.25 km2) and is considered to be among the most conservation, management and wise use of wetlands important wetland sites in the country (Bhandari 1998, (HMGN/MFSC 2003). Ornithological surveys and HMGN/MFSC 2002). In 2003, Jagdishpur was conservation awareness programmes for local designated a Ramsar site. Despite it being listed as a key communities have been recommended as high priority wetland, not much is known about its birds or other fauna. for the conservation of Jagdishpur (Baral and Inskipp The reservoir and its surrounds are believed to provide 2005). Following these recommendations, I carried out important habitat for resident, wintering and passage surveys in 2005–2006 to gather baseline information on migrant wetland birds. -
Liverworts of the Wellington Area J
Liverworts of the Wellington Area J. E. Braggins1 LIVERWORT FEATURES Liverworts are plants similar in many ways to mosses: they are usually small, and generally lack the hard supporting tissues of larger plants such as ferns. Like ferns, liverworts show alternation of generations, having separate gametophyte and sporophyte entities; unlike ferns the sporophyte is not a separate plant. As with mosses, the gametophyte generation is the dominant phase of the life cy- cle, and the sporophyte generation is permanently dependent on it. Liverworts show a greater range in general morphology and form than mosses, and as well as normal leafy plants, there are dozens of species of thalloid liverworts that lack organisation into stems and leaves. The most striking differences between mosses and liverworts are in the sporophytes where liverworts have a simple outer wall lacking the peristome of mosses, and in the capsule which usually splits into four valves to release the spores. Mixed amongst the spores are hair- like elaters, which flick and twist as they dry out, helping to throw the spores clear. The stalk that bears the capsule (the seta) remains short until the capsule is mature, then, by cell elongation, it expands rapidly to its full size. Thus, the expanded seta of a liverwort is a delicate translucent structure, not tough and wiry like a moss seta which elongates slowly by cell growth. The vegetative parts of leafy liverworts differ from mosses in details of cell shape, contents, leaf structure (liverwort leaves lack a central nerve or vein), shape (liverwort leaves are rarely markedly elongate but are often complexly lobed) and position. -
Anthropogenic Impacts on Flora Biodiversity in the Forests and Common Land of Chitwan, Nepal
Anthropogenic impacts on flora biodiversity in the forests and common land of Chitwan, Nepal by Ganesh P. Shivakoti Co-Director Population and Ecology Research Laboratory Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Tribhuvan University, Rampur, Nepal e-mail: [email protected] Stephen A. Matthews Research Associate Population Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University 601 Oswald Tower University Park, PA 18602-6211 e-mail: [email protected] and Netra Chhetri Graduate Student Department of Geography The Pennsylvania State University 302 Walker Building University Park, PA 16802 e-mail: [email protected] DRAFT COPY September 1997 Acknowledgment: This research was supported by two grants from the National Institute of Child Health and Development (Grant #R01-HD31982 and Grant #RO1-HD33551). We wish to thank William Axinn (PI on these grants), Dirgha Ghimire and the staff at the Population and Ecology Research Laboratory (PERL), IAAS, Nepal who helped collect the flora and common land data. Population growth and deforestation are serious problems in Chitwan and throughout Nepal. In this paper we explore the effect of social and demographic driving forces on flora diversity in Nepal. Specifically, we focus our attention on the flora diversity in three forested areas surrounding a recently deforested, settled and cultivated rural area - the Chitwan District. We have collected detailed counts of trees, shrubs, and grasses along the edge and in the interior of each forested area, and for common land throughout the settled area. Our sampling frame (described in the paper) allows us to construct detailed ordination and classification measures of forest floral diversity. Using techniques from quantitative ecology we can quantify species diversity (relative density, frequency and abundancy), and specifically measure the 'evenness' and 'richness' of the flora in the forested areas and common land. -
Status of Wetland in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal
Open Journal of Ecology, 2014, 4, 245-252 Published Online April 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/oje http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2014.45023 Status of Wetland in Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal Saroj Panthi1*, Maheshwar Dhakal2, Sher Singh Thagunna2, Barna Bahadur Thapa2 1Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Api Nampa Conservation Area, Darchula, Nepal 2Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal Email: *[email protected] Received 2 November 2013; revised 2 January 2014; accepted 10 January 2014 Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Abstract Wetland means the surface of the earth that is permanently or seasonally or partially covered with water. Wetlands are most productive areas for biodiversity and local livelihood support. Nepal ra- tified Ramsar convention in 1987 and started to include the wetland in Ramsar site and till now nine wetland sites are included in Ramsar site. There are still lacking systematic research and con- servation approach for these wetlands; therefore, our study attempted to assess the status of wet- lands in the Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve, Nepal; and explored threats and conservation chal- lenges. We prepared list of streams and lakes and collected detail information regarding area, district, block, elevation and cultural as well as ecological importance of lakes. We recorded total 11 lakes with total 304477 m2 areas. The Sundaha lake is largest lake of the reserve having signif- icant religious importance. We also recorded 7 streams in the reserve. -
A New Species of the Genus Jungermannia (Jungermanniales, Marchantiophyta) from the Caucasus with Notes on Taxa Delimitation and Taxonomy of Jungermannia S
Phytotaxa 255 (3): 227–239 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.255.3.4 A new species of the genus Jungermannia (Jungermanniales, Marchantiophyta) from the Caucasus with notes on taxa delimitation and taxonomy of Jungermannia s. str. NADEZDA A. KONSTANTINOVA1 & ANNA A. VILNET1 1Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden–Institute RAS, 184256, Kirovsk, Russia, email: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract The new species Jungermannia calcicola Konstant. et Vilnet, is described based on a critical reinvestigation of morphologi- cal features and molecular analyses of trnL–trnF and trnG intron cpDNA sequences of forty samples of Jungermannia s. str. The new species is described and illustrated as well as noting its differentiation from allied species and distribution patterns. New data on some taxonomical ambiguities and on the taxa delimitation in the Jungermannia s. str. are discussed. Key words: Jungermannia calcicola sp. nov., liverworts, taxonomy, molecular systematics, distribution Introduction Jungermannia Linnaeus (1753: 1131) is one of the oldest described genera of leafy liverworts. Since its description the treatment of this genus has been drastically changed. At the end of the 20th to the beginning of the 21st centuries most bryologists accepted Jungermannia in the wide sense including Solenostoma Mitten (1865a: 51), Plectocolea (Mitten 1865b: 156) Mitten (1873: 405), Liochlaena Nees in Gottsche et al. (1845: 150). But in recent molecular phylogenetic studies Jungermannia s. lat. has been proved to be a mixture of phylogenetically unrelated taxa, some of which have been elevated to distinct families, e.g., Solenostomataceae Stotler et Crand.-Stotl. -
Oil and Gas Conference December 3-5, 2018 Dubai, UAE
Ismail Mohammad et al., Int J Petrochem Res. 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.18689/2638-1974.a2.005 2nd International Oil and Gas Conference December 3-5, 2018 Dubai, UAE Production of Biodiesel and Soap from Sal (Shorea robusta) Seed Oil Ismail Mohammad1*, Md. Ikramul Hasan1, Md. Muhaiminul Islam, Nasima Akter1, 2 and A.M. Sarwaruddin Chowdhury1 1Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh 2Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh horearobusta, commonly known as Sal, is the major plant of Sal forest which covers about 32% of the total forest land of SBangladesh. In this study, oil was extracted from the seed by conventional soxhlet extraction with n-hexane and ultrasonication technique. Seeds without wing were found to contain about 15% oil for 6 hours soxhlet extraction at 50°C and 45 minutes ultrasonication at 40°C. Fatty acid composition of the soxhlet extracted oil analyzed by GC-FID showed stearic acid and oleic acid as the major components. Acid value, iodine value, saponification value, peroxide value, refractive index, viscosity were also determined. Thermogravimetric analysis of the oil for the determination of the thermal stability of the oil. Transesterification and Saponification process were carried out to produce Biodiesel and the soap from the extracted seed oil. The produced biodiesel and the soap were characterized and a comparative studies were carried out with international standards. The optimum yield for biodiesel was found around 40% of the raw materials and the cytotoxic analysis of the produced soap were carried out. The integrated production of biodiesel and soap from Sal seed oil will bring a drastic change in the realization fuel and cosmetic industries. -
Whitewater Packrafting in Western Nepal a Senior Expedition Proposal for the SUNY Plattsburgh Expeditionary Studies Program ______
Whitewater Packrafting in Western Nepal A Senior Expedition Proposal for the SUNY Plattsburgh Expeditionary Studies Program ______________________________________________________________________ Ted Tetrault Professor Gerald Isaak EXP435: Expedition Planning December 1, 2016 Table of Contents ____________________________________________________________________________ 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 2. Literature Review…………………………………………………………………………….... 7 3. Design and Methodology…………………………………………………………………… 16 4. Risk Management……………………………………………………………………………. 29 5. References……………………………………………………………………………………. 38 6. Appendix A: Expedition Field Manual…………………………………………………… 39 7. Appendix B: Related Maps and Documents……………………………………………. 42 8. Appendix C: Budget………………………………………………………………………… 44 9. Appendix D: Gearlist………………………………………………………………………... 47 1. Introduction ____________________________________________________________________________ This expedition plan outlines a whitewater packrafting trip on the Bheri and Seti Karnali rivers in western Nepal that will serve as my capstone project for the Bachelor’s of Science in the Expeditionary Studies program at SUNY Plattsburgh. While these rivers will count as my own personal senior expedition, the trip in its entirety will also include the running of the Sun Kosi river in eastern Nepal, and that plan can be found in a separate document authored by Alex LaLonde as that segment will be serving as his capstone project for the same program. Adventure travel expeditions give us the