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North Sprowston & Old Catton Beyond Green Developments Health Impact Assessment October 2012 Application Name (Cover Title 1 GG) Applicant/Client (Cover Title 2 GG) Report Title & Date (Cover Title 3 GG) Application Name (Cover Title 1 GG) Applicant/Client (Cover Title 2 GG) Report Title & Date (Cover Title 3 GG) Application Name (Cover Title 1 GG) Applicant/Client (Cover Title 2 GG) Report Title & Date (Cover Title 3 GG) Beyond Green Developments North Sprowston & Old Catton QA North Sprowston & Old Catton Health Impact Assessment Issue/Revision: Draft Final Date: October 2012 October 2012 Comments: Prepared by: Georgina Dowling Georgina Dowling Signature: Authorised by: Mitch Cooke Mitch Cooke Signature: File Reference: 550156GD02Oct12DR01_HIA 550156GD02Oct12FR01_HIA Health Impact Assessment iii Beyond Green Developments North Sprowston & Old Catton CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 7 NATURE OF THE APPLICATION 7 WHAT IS HIA & NEED FOR AN HIA 7 What is HIA? 7 Need for an HIA 8 Policy & Legislative Context 8 AIMS & VALUES OF THIS HIA 10 Aims 11 Values 11 STRUCTURE 11 MEANS OF ASSESSMENT FOR THE HIA 12 Means of Assessment 12 Primary Data Used 12 THE SCOPE OF THE HIA 13 Geographical Area 13 People Potentially Affected 15 IMPACT PREDICTION AND SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA 16 2.0 BASELINE CONDITIONS 18 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS 20 Population 20 Deprivation 22 Employment 23 Earnings 24 Housing 24 Education 25 Crime 26 iv Health Impact Assessment Beyond Green Developments North Sprowston & Old Catton Open Space 26 Health 27 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 32 Application Site Description 32 Contaminated Land 34 Flood Risk 34 Transport 34 Noise & Vibration 34 Air Quality 35 BASELINE CONDITIONS SUMMARY 35 Socio-Economic Considerations 35 Environmental Considerations 35 3.0 THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 36 POPULATION INFLUX 37 4.0 POTENTIAL HEALTH IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT 42 PROVISION OF A MIX OF LANDUSE 43 Provision of Private Housing 43 Provision of Affordable Housing 49 PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT’S DESIGN 52 Good Design, Safety and Security 52 Energy Efficiency 57 Environmental Considerations (Air Quality, Noise, & Climate Change) 60 Street Layout, Connectivity & Provision for Active Travel 67 ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT (CONSTRUCTION & OPERATIONAL) 72 PROVISION OF BOTH FORMAL & INFORMAL OPEN SPACE 75 PROVISION OF GOOD & SUITABLE FOOD ACCESS 78 5.0 IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTHY URBAN PLANNING 83 INCREASED DEMAND FOR SERVICES 83 Health Impact Assessment v Beyond Green Developments North Sprowston & Old Catton Health Services 83 Emergency Services 85 Education Services 86 INCREASED DEMAND FOR FACILITIES 87 INCREASED DEMAND FOR UTILITIES 88 Sewerage & Drainage 88 Potable Water 89 Energy 91 6.0 POTENTIAL HEALTH IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION 93 Transport 93 Landscape & Visual Impact 94 Noise & Vibration 95 Air Quality 97 Contaminated Land 99 7.0 CONCLUSIONS 102 8.0 ABBREVIATIONS 103 9.0 REFERENCES 106 APPENDIX 1.0 HEALTH SUMMARY SPINE CHART 109 vi Health Impact Assessment Beyond Green Developments North Sprowston & Old Catton 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Greengage Environmental LLP were appointed to undertake a Health Impact Assessment (HIA), to accompany the planning application submitted on behalf of Beyond Green Developments (hereafter referred to as ‗the Applicant‘). 1.2 This HIA has been undertaken in accordance with the Health Impact Advice Note1 produced by the Greater Norwich Development Partnership (GNDP). The HIA Advice Note supports the implementation of Policy 7 of the Joint Core Strategy2 (JCS), which deals with health issues and is discussed in more detail subsequently within this report. 1.3 The Applicant proposes to develop an integrated, mixed use urban extension to the north of Norwich (hereafter referred to as the ‗application site‘). The application site is located in the administrative area of Broadland District Council (hereafter referred to as ‗BDC‘). In this HIA, the application proposals are referred to as ‗the proposed development‘. NATURE OF THE APPLICATION 1.4 As a large-scale, masterplanned development which will come forward in phases over 15-20 years, the scheme will be promoted via a multi-stage consent process beginning with an outline planning application, with all matters except access reserved to detailed stages of design. 1.5 Professional expertise has been used to assess the likely form and qualities of the proposed development with regards to potential impacts on health, with assumptions or uncertainties clearly highlighted. This has enabled appropriate effects to be assumed for the purpose of the HIA. This allows a full and proper assessment to be undertaken in relation to realistic predicted impacts of the proposed development. WHAT IS HIA & NEED FOR AN HIA What is HIA? 1.6 Health Impact Assessment (HIA) has been defined as: ‘a combination of procedures or methods by which a policy, program, or project may be judged as to the effects it may have on the health of a population.’3 1.7 In HIA, impacts on the health and well-being of various people or communities are identified in two main ways, by asking: What are the direct effects on health?; and Health Impact Assessment 7 Beyond Green Developments North Sprowston & Old Catton What are the indirect effects mediated through the determinants of health, such as employment, housing conditions, community cohesion and social support, and access to services and amenities? Need for an HIA 1.8 Almost every planning decision has a potential effect on human health4, some of these links are obvious but others are more obtuse and interwoven with other issues. The introduction of The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 20045 widened the scope of planning concerns to include the environmental, economic and social impacts of developments. As such, it is important to address the intrinsic link between health and control of development. Policy & Legislative Context National Planning Policy Framework 1.9 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)6 specifically addresses the need for policies and plans that support and enable the development of healthy communities within Section 8 including safe, accessible and inclusive communities with suitable provision of facilities. However, the NPPF also refers to the environmental effects of plans and development on health throughout the Framework including in: Achieving Sustainable Development, which describes the social role that the planning system should perform: o ‘Supporting strong, vibrant and healthy communities, by providing the supply of housing required to meet the needs of present and future generations; and by creating a high quality built environment, with accessible local services that reflect the community’s needs and support its health, social and cultural well-being’; Section 4. Promoting sustainable transport, which requires that transport policies address the role they play in facilitating sustainable development but also in contributing to wider sustainability and health objectives; and Section 11 Conserving and enhancing the natural environment, regarding the need to consider: o ‘the effects (including cumulative effects) of pollution on health, the natural environment or general amenity, and the potential sensitivity of the area or proposed development to adverse effects from pollution, should be taken into account. Where a site is affected by contamination or land stability issues, responsibility for securing a safe development rests with the developer and/or landowner… 8 Health Impact Assessment Beyond Green Developments North Sprowston & Old Catton o The need to avoid noise giving rise to significant adverse impacts on health and quality of life as a result of new development’. Joint Core Strategy 1.10 Policy 7 of the JCS, states: ‘Appropriate and accessible health facilities and services will be provided across the area including through new or expanded primary health facilities serving the major growth locations. Health Impact Assessments will be required for large-scale housing proposals. Provision will be made for the expansion of the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital to meet the needs of growing communities. Healthier lifestyles will be promoted by maximising access by walking and cycling and providing opportunities for social interaction and greater access to green space and the countryside.’2 Health and Social Care Act 2012 1.11 The health and social care system in England is being significantly reformed to put patients at the heart of the health and care service, giving them greater control over their health. Health care professionals will have more autonomy and, in return, be more accountable for the results they achieve. They will be accountable to patients who will be able to choose where they are treated and who they are treated by and they will be accountable to the public through their local authorities. 1.12 The Health and Social Care Bill was introduced into the House of Commons on 19 January 2011, following the publication of the White Paper, Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS7. The Bill was the largest piece of health legislation since the creation of the NHS. 1.13 In early April 2011, the Government announced that it was taking the opportunity of a natural break in the passage of the Health and Social Care Bill to ‗pause, listen and engage‘. The NHS Future Forum was established to lead this exercise and submitted its report after the pause to the Government in June 2011. The Government then published its response and revised the Bill before it continued its passage through Parliament.

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