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Coordination Avoidance in Database Systems
COORDINATION Peter Bailis Stanford/MIT/Berkeley AVOIDANCE Alan Fekete University of Sydney IN Mike Franklin Ali Ghodsi DATABASE Joe Hellerstein Ion Stoica SYSTEMS UC Berkeley Slides of Peter Bailis' VLDB’15 talk VLDB 2014 Default Supported? Serializable Actian Ingres NO YES Aerospike NO NO transactions are Persistit NO NON Clustrix NO NON not as widely Greenplum NO YESN IBM DB2 NO YES deployed as you IBM Informix NO YES MySQL NO YES might think… MemSQL NO NO MS SQL Server NO YESN NuoDB NO NO Oracle 11G NO NON Oracle BDB YES YESN Oracle BDB JE YES YES PostgreSQL NO YES SAP Hana NO NO ScaleDB NO NON VoltDB YES YESN VLDB 2014 Default Supported? Serializable Actian Ingres NO YES Aerospike NO NO transactions are Persistit NO NON Clustrix NO NON not as widely Greenplum NO YESN IBM DB2 NO YES deployed as you IBM Informix NO YES MySQL NO YES might think… MemSQL NO NO MS SQL Server NO YESN NuoDB NO NO Oracle 11G NO NON Oracle BDB YES YESN WHY?Oracle BDB JE YES YES PostgreSQL NO YES SAP Hana NO NO ScaleDB NO NON VoltDB YES YESN serializability: equivalence to some serial execution “post on timeline” “accept friend request” very general! serializability: equivalence to some serial execution r(x) w(y←1) r(y) w(x←1) very general! …but restricts concurrency serializability: equivalence to some serial execution CONCURRENT EXECUTION r(x)=0 r(y)=0 w(y←1) IS NOT w(x←1) SERIALIZABLE! verySerializability general! requires Coordination …buttransactions restricts cannot concurrency make progress independently Serializability requires Coordination transactions cannot make progress independently Two-Phase Locking Multi-Version Concurrency Control Blocking Waiting Optimistic Concurrency Control Pre-Scheduling Aborts Costs of Coordination Between Concurrent Transactions 1. -
Puppet Dashboard 1.2 Manual
Puppet Dashboard Manual (Generated on July 01, 2013, from git revision 46784ac1656bd7b57fcfb51d0865ec7ff65533d9) Puppet Dashboard 1.2 Manual This is the manual for Puppet Dashboard 1.2. Overview Puppet Dashboard is a web interface for Puppet. It can view and analyze Puppet reports, assign Puppet classes and parameters to nodes, and view inventory data and backed-up file contents. Chapters Installing Dashboard Upgrading Dashboard Configuring Dashboard Maintaining Dashboard Using Dashboard Rake API Installing Puppet Dashboard This is a chapter of the Puppet Dashboard 1.2 manual. NAVIGATION Installing Dashboard Upgrading Dashboard Configuring Dashboard Maintaining Dashboard Using Dashboard Rake API Overview Puppet Dashboard is a Ruby on Rails web app that interfaces with Puppet. It will run on most modern Unix-like OSes (including Mac OS X and most Linux distributions), requires a certain amount of supporting infrastructure, and can be deployed and served in a variety of ways. Dashboardʼs web interface supports the following browsers: Chrome (current versions) Firefox 3.5 and higher Puppet Dashboard Manual • Puppet Dashboard 1.2 Manual 2/27 Safari 4 and higher Internet Explorer 8 and higher Installing, in Summary In outline, the steps to get Dashboard running are: Installing the external dependencies Installing the Dashboard code Configuring Dashboard Creating and configuring a MySQL database Testing that Dashboard is working Configuring Puppet Starting the delayed job worker processes Running Dashboard in a production-quality server After completing these tasks, Dashboardʼs main functionality will be on-line and working smoothly. You can then configure Dashboard further and enable optional features If you are trying to upgrade Puppet Dashboard instead of installing it from scratch, see the chapter of this manual on upgrading instead of reading further in this chapter. -
Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications
Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick November 6, 2012 Who am I? Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Met Unix (in the form of Xenix) in 1985 Jeff Trawick Joined IBM in 1990 to work on network software for mainframes Moved to a different organization in 2000 to work on Apache httpd Later spent about 4 years at Sun/Oracle Got tired of being tired of being an employee of too-huge corporation so formed my own too-small company Currently working part-time, coding on other projects, and taking classes Overview Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Huge problem space, so simplify Perspective: \General purpose" web servers, not minimal application containers which implement HTTP \Applications:" Code that runs dynamically on the server during request processing to process input and generate output Possible web server interactions Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Native code plugin modules (uhh, assuming server is native code) Non-native code + language interpreter inside server (Lua, Perl, etc.) Arbitrary processes on the other side of a standard wire protocol like HTTP (proxy), CGI, FastCGI, etc. (Java and \all of the above") or private protocol Some hybrid such as mod fcgid mod fcgid as example hybrid Interfacing Apache HTTP Server 2.4 with External Applications Jeff Trawick Supports applications which implement a standard wire protocol, no restriction on implementation mechanism Has extensive support for managing the application[+interpreter] processes so that the management of the application processes is well-integrated with the web server Contrast with mod proxy fcgi (pure FastCGI, no process management) or mod php (no processes/threads other than those of web server). -
Questions for Mongrel
www.YoYoBrain.com - Accelerators for Memory and Learning Questions for Mongrel Category: Introduction - (16 questions) Mongrel is described in what way in the "A web application container for Ruby on Mongrel pdf available from O Reilly Rails" Mongrel is compared with what web servers production performance: Fast CGI or SCGI in the Rails world in terms of production performance and development Development: WEBrick simplicity/speed Creator of Mongrel Zed A Shawwww.zedshaw.com Mongrel is developed on what mixture of Ruby and C programming/scripting languages Documentation for Mongrel mongrel.rubyforge.org/docs/index.html The creators of Mongrel describe it how? a fast HTTP library and server for Ruby that is intended for hosting Ruby web applications of any kind using plain HTTP rather than FastCGI or SCGI. It is framework agnostic Three key technologies that are used for A custom HTTP 1.1 parser (based on RFC Mongrel's internals standard, written using Ragel in C and Java as a Rby extension) Simple server that uses the parser and URIClassifier to process requests, find the right handlers, then pass the results to the handler for processing Handlers are responsible for using HttpRequet and HttpResponse objects to "do their thing and then return results" Component of Mongrel responsible for Handlers dealing with HttpRequest and HttpResponse How does Mongrel support threading one thread per request, but it will start closing connections when it gets "overloaded"while Mongrel is processing HTTP requests and sending responses it uses Ruby's threading system What platforms that already work with Camping and Og+Nitro Mongrel are throught to be "thread-safe" Have not been heavily tested Is Ruby on Rails thread safe? no How does Mongrel handle Rails" " Ruby on Rails is not thread safe so there is a synchronized block around the calls to Dispatcher.dispatch. -
Ruby on Rails Matt Dees All Trademarks Used Herein Are the Sole Property of Their Respective Owners
Ruby on Rails Matt Dees All trademarks used herein are the sole property of their respective owners. Introduction How Ruby on Rails Works cPanel's interaction with Ruby on Rails Administrating Ruby on Rails Troubleshooting Ruby on Rails What is Ruby on Rails? A Web Application Framework aimed towards the rapid development and deployment of Dynamic Web 2.0 Applications Interpreted Programming Language Web Applications are done through either Rails or as a straight CGI application Every part of the Ruby on Rails system is dependent on ruby working correctly Gems Gems are Ruby modules Either compiled or interpreted Ruby code Gems can be full applications or libraries for Ruby programs Managed by the “gem” command Rails Rails is a framework for creating Ruby applications and provides several different pieces of functionality Rails exists for multiple programming languages Is a gem Consists of several gems used for handling different functions Different versions of this exist, each application requires a specific version Rails Continued Action Record – Rapid development library for building daemon independent database queries Action Pack – An implementation of Model View Controller for Ruby. Action Mailer – An Email Handler Webserver – Usually webrick, however we use mongrel Mongrel Mongrel is the Web Server used for serving Ruby on Rails applications One instance per Ruby application Other daemons exist, but mongrel has the best security and performance record Is a gem Runs applications on port 12001 and up on cPanel Uses a significant amount -
La Metodología TRIZ E Integración De Software De Licencia Libre Con Módulos Multifuncionales Como Estrategia De
10º Congreso de Innovación y Desarrollo de Productos Monterrey, N.L., del 18 al 22 de Noviembre del 2015 Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey. 1 10º Congreso de Innovación y Desarrollo de Productos Monterrey, N.L., del 18 al 22 de Noviembre del 2015 Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey. La metodología TRIZ e Integración de software de licencia libre con módulos multifuncionales: como estrategia de fortalecimiento y competitividad en empresas emergentes de México. Guillermo Flores Téllez Jaime Garnica González Joselito Medina Marín Elisa Arisbé Millán Rivera José Carlos Cortés Garzón Resumen El sistema productivo de México se constituye en gran proporción, por empresas emergentes que funcionan como negocios familiares, surgidos a través de una idea creativa, para emprender una actividad económica específica, ya sea de la producción de un bien o prestación de servicio. El funcionamiento de este tipo de empresas es limitado, son compañías surgidas del emprendimiento con contribuciones positivas hacia la práctica de la innovación, desarrollo de procesos y generación de empleos principalmente. Sin embargo, estas empresas se encuentran en desventaja para afrontar el entorno tecnológico global, porque no disponen de los recursos económicos, infraestructura, maquinaria o equipo que les brinde la posibilidad de operación estable y competencia internacional. El presente artículo exhibe alternativas viables y sus medios de implementación; como lo son la sinergia de operación de la metodología TRIZ y los módulos de software de gestión de negocios, para apoyar el proceso de innovación y el monitoreo de nuevas ideas llevadas al mercado, por parte de una empresa emergente. -
Enterprise Integration with Ruby a Pragmatic Guide
Enterprise Integration with Ruby A Pragmatic Guide Maik Schmidt The Pragmatic Bookshelf Raleigh, North Carolina Dallas, Texas P r a g m a t i c B o o k s h e l f Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial capital letters or in all capitals. The Pragmatic Starter Kit, The Pragmatic Programmer, Pragmatic Programming, Pragmatic Bookshelf and the linking g device are trademarks of The Pragmatic Programmers, LLC. Every precaution was taken in the preparation of this book. However, the publisher assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages that may result from the use of information (including program listings) contained herein. Our Pragmatic courses, workshops, and other products can help you and your team create better software and have more fun. For more information, as well as the latest Pragmatic titles, please visit us at http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com Copyright © 2006 The Pragmatic Programmers LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmit- ted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior consent of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 0-9766940-6-9 Printed on acid-free paper with 85% recycled, 30% post-consumer content. First printing, March 2006 Version: 2006-5-4 Für meine Eltern. -
Ruby on Rails™ Tutorial: Learn Web Developments with Rails
ptg8286261 www.it-ebooks.info Praise for Michael Hartl’s Books and Videos on Ruby on RailsTM ‘‘My former company (CD Baby) was one of the first to loudly switch to Ruby on ptg8286261 Rails, and then even more loudly switch back to PHP (Google me to read about the drama). This book by Michael Hartl came so highly recommended that I had to try it, and the Ruby on RailsTM Tutorial is what I used to switch back to Rails again.’’ —From the Foreword by Derek Sivers (sivers.org) Formerly: Founder, CD Baby Currently: Founder, Thoughts Ltd. ‘‘Michael Hartl’s Rails Tutorial book is the #1 (and only, in my opinion) place to start when it comes to books about learning Rails. It’s an amazing piece of work and, unusually, walks you through building a Rails app from start to finish with testing. If you want to read just one book and feel like a Rails master by the end of it, pick the Ruby on RailsTM Tutorial.’’ —Peter Cooper Editor, Ruby Inside www.it-ebooks.info ‘‘Grounded in the real world.’’ —I Programmer (www.i-programmer.info), by Ian Elliot ‘‘The book gives you the theory and practice, while the videos focus on showing you in person how its done. Highly recommended combo.’’ —Antonio Cangiano, Software Engineer, IBM ‘‘The author is clearly an expert at the Ruby language and the Rails framework, but more than that, he is a working software engineer who introduces best practices throughout the text.’’ —Greg Charles, Senior Software Developer, Fairway Technologies ‘‘Overall, these video tutorials should be a great resource for anyone new to Rails.’’ —Michael Morin, ruby.about.com ‘‘Hands-down, I would recommend this book to anyone wanting to get into Ruby on Rails development.’’ —Michael Crump, Microsoft MVP ptg8286261 www.it-ebooks.info RUBY ON RAILSTM TUTORIAL Second Edition ptg8286261 www.it-ebooks.info Visit informit.com/ruby for a complete list of available products. -
James Reynolds What Is a Ruby on Rails Why Is It So Cool Major Rails Features Web Framework
Ruby On Rails James Reynolds What is a Ruby on Rails Why is it so cool Major Rails features Web framework Code and tools for web development A webapp skeleton Developers plug in their unique code Platforms Windows Mac OS X Linux Installation Mac OS X 10.5 will include Rails Mac OS X 10.4 includes Ruby Most people reinstall it anyway From scratch Drag and drop Locomotive Databases Mysql Oracle SQLite Firebird PostgreSQL SQL Server DB2 more Webservers Apache w/ FastCGI or Mongrel LightTPD WEBrick "IDE's" TextMate and Terminal (preferred) RadRails jEdit Komodo Arachno Ruby Has "inspired" Grails CakePHP Trails PHP on TRAX Sails MonoRail Catalyst TrimPath Junction Pylons WASP ColdFusion on Wheels And perhaps more... Why is it so cool? Using the right tool for the job y = x^2 vs y = x^0.5 Right tool Rails is the most well thought-out web development framework I've ever used. And that's in a decade of doing web applications for a living. I've built my own frameworks, helped develop the Servlet API, and have created more than a few web servers from scratch. Nobody has done it like this before. James Duncan Davidson, Creator of Tomcat and Ant y = x ^ 2 vs y = x ^ 0.5 Features Features Work Work Typical Rare y = x ^ 2 vs y = x ^ 0.5 Feature ceiling Features Features Work Work This is a no-brainer... Ruby on Rails is a breakthrough in lowering the barriers of entry to programming. Powerful web applications that formerly might have taken weeks or months to develop can be produced in a matter of days. -
Khodayari and Giancarlo Pellegrino, CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security
JAW: Studying Client-side CSRF with Hybrid Property Graphs and Declarative Traversals Soheil Khodayari and Giancarlo Pellegrino, CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity21/presentation/khodayari This paper is included in the Proceedings of the 30th USENIX Security Symposium. August 11–13, 2021 978-1-939133-24-3 Open access to the Proceedings of the 30th USENIX Security Symposium is sponsored by USENIX. JAW: Studying Client-side CSRF with Hybrid Property Graphs and Declarative Traversals Soheil Khodayari Giancarlo Pellegrino CISPA Helmholtz Center CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security for Information Security Abstract ior and avoiding the inclusion of HTTP cookies in cross-site Client-side CSRF is a new type of CSRF vulnerability requests (see, e.g., [28, 29]). In the client-side CSRF, the vul- where the adversary can trick the client-side JavaScript pro- nerable component is the JavaScript program instead, which gram to send a forged HTTP request to a vulnerable target site allows an attacker to generate arbitrary requests by modifying by modifying the program’s input parameters. We have little- the input parameters of the JavaScript program. As opposed to-no knowledge of this new vulnerability, and exploratory to the traditional CSRF, existing anti-CSRF countermeasures security evaluations of JavaScript-based web applications are (see, e.g., [28, 29, 34]) are not sufficient to protect web appli- impeded by the scarcity of reliable and scalable testing tech- cations from client-side CSRF attacks. niques. This paper presents JAW, a framework that enables the Client-side CSRF is very new—with the first instance af- analysis of modern web applications against client-side CSRF fecting Facebook in 2018 [24]—and we have little-to-no leveraging declarative traversals on hybrid property graphs, a knowledge of the vulnerable behaviors, the severity of this canonical, hybrid model for JavaScript programs. -
Ruby on Railsâ—¢ Tutorial
www.it-ebooks.info Praise for Michael Hartl’s Books and Videos on Ruby on RailsTM ‘‘My former company (CD Baby) was one of the first to loudly switch to Ruby on Rails, and then even more loudly switch back to PHP (Google me to read about the drama). This book by Michael Hartl came so highly recommended that I had to try it, and the Ruby on RailsTM Tutorial is what I used to switch back to Rails again.’’ —From the Foreword by Derek Sivers (sivers.org) Formerly: Founder, CD Baby Currently: Founder, Thoughts Ltd. ‘‘Michael Hartl’s Rails Tutorial book is the #1 (and only, in my opinion) place to start when it comes to books about learning Rails. ... It’s an amazing piece of work and, unusually, walks you through building a Rails app from start to finish with testing. If you want to read just one book and feel like a Rails master by the end of it, pick the Ruby on RailsTM Tutorial.’’ —Peter Cooper Editor, Ruby Inside www.it-ebooks.info ‘‘Grounded in the real world.’’ —I Programmer (www.i-programmer.info), by Ian Elliot ‘‘The book gives you the theory and practice, while the videos focus on showing you in person how its done. Highly recommended combo.’’ —Antonio Cangiano, Software Engineer, IBM ‘‘The author is clearly an expert at the Ruby language and the Rails framework, but more than that, he is a working software engineer who introduces best practices throughout the text.’’ —Greg Charles, Senior Software Developer, Fairway Technologies ‘‘Overall, these video tutorials should be a great resource for anyone new to Rails.’’ —Michael Morin, ruby.about.com ‘‘Hands-down, I would recommend this book to anyone wanting to get into Ruby on Rails development.’’ —Michael Crump, Microsoft MVP www.it-ebooks.info RUBY ON RAILSTM TUTORIAL Second Edition www.it-ebooks.info Visit informit.com/ruby for a complete list of available products. -
PDF Download
Introduction to Web Applications Tobias Pfeiffer @PragTob pragtob.wordpress.com Today What is a web application? Not rocket science I am Rails (and So Can You!) Programming is fun! What you are going to build today So what is a web application? Presented in a web browser Runs on a server... ...or the cloud is dynamic A high level overview High level overview High level overview High level overview Request High level overview High level overview Answer High level overview Answer High level overview What parts does a web application consist of? Web Application Front End Back End Front End Back End CSS JavaScript HTML CSS JavaScript HTML Structure and content CSS JavaScript HTML Styling to transform... ...this... ...into this. CSS JavaScript HTML CSS JavaScript Back End HTML CSS JavaScript Back End HTML Logic Infrastructure Logic Infrastructure Logic ● Behaviour ● Implements the business logic ● Ties all the parts together ● Generates content Ruby on Rails But what is Ruby on Rails? A web application framework written in Ruby ● A general purpose programming language ● Principle of least surprise ● Invented by Yukihiro Matsumoto "I hope to see Ruby help every programmer in the world to be productive, and to enjoy programming, and to be happy. That is the primary purpose of Ruby language." Yukihiro Matsumoto Ruby on Rails ● Framework written in Ruby ● set of functionality to help write web applications – Connecting to the database (ActiveRecord) – Generating HTML (ERB) – Pays attention to security – … and so much more! ● Model View Controller