Changes of Soybean Protein During Tofu Processing
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The Healthful Soybean
FN-SSB.104 THE HEALTHFUL SOYBEAN Soy protein bars, soy milk, soy cookies, soy burgers .…. the list of soy products goes on. Soybeans are best known as a source of high quality protein. They are also rich in calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin E, several B-vitamins, and fiber. But in 1999, soy took the nation by storm. The Food and Drug Administration approved health claims that soy protein may lower the risk of heart disease if at least 25 grams of soy protein are consumed daily. This benefit may be because soybeans are low saturated fat, have an abundance of omega-3 fatty acids, and are rich in isoflavones. Research continues to explore health benefits linked to the healthful soybean. Beyond research, edamame, tempeh, tofu, and soy milk make the base for some truly delectable dishes. Exploring Soyfoods Fresh Green Soybeans Edamame (fresh green soybeans) have a sweet, buttery flavor and a tender-firm texture. Fresh soybeans still in the pod should be cooked and stored in the refrigerator. Handle frozen soybeans as you would any other frozen vegetable. The easiest way to cook washed, fresh soybeans in the pod is to simmer them in salted water for 5 minutes. Once the beans are drained and cooled, remove them from the pod. Eat as a snack or simmer an additional 10 to 15 minutes to use as a side dish. Substitute soybeans for lima beans, mix the beans into soups or casseroles in place of cooked dried beans, or toss the beans with pasta or rice salads. Dried Soybeans Dried mature soybeans are cooked like other dried beans. -
Textured Soy Protein (TSP)
PREMIER FOOD AND MACHINERY.CO.LTD 68/76-77 Moo5 Rama2Rd., Jomthong Dist, Bangkok 10150 Thailand Tel (66-2)476-6901, 477-1045, 476-9690, 877-0525-7 Textured Soy Protein (TSP) Textured or texturized vegetable protein (TVP), also known as Textured Soy Protein (TSP), soy meat is a defatted soy flour product, a by-product of extracting soybean oil. It is often used as a meat analogue or meat extender. It is quick to cook, with a protein content comparable to certain meats. TVP can be made from soy flour or concentrate, containing 50% and 70% soy protein, respectively; they have a mild beany flavor. Both require rehydration before use, sometimes with flavoring added in the same step. TVP is extruded, causing a change in the structure of the soy protein which results in a fibrous, spongy matrix, similar in texture to meat. In its dehydrated form, TVP has a shelf life of longer than a year, but will spoil within several days after being hydrated. In its flaked form, it can be used similarly to ground meat. Tel. 02-476-6901, 081-6235918 Mrs. Thitaporn P. [email protected] PREMIER FOOD AND MACHINERY.CO.LTD 68/76-77 Moo5 Rama2Rd., Jomthong Dist, Bangkok 10150 Thailand Tel (66-2)476-6901, 477-1045, 476-9690, 877-0525-7 Textured vegetable protein is a versatile substance; different forms allow it to take on the texture of whatever ground meat it is substituting. Using TVP, one can make vegetarian or vegan versions of traditionally meat-based dishes, such as chili con carne, spaghetti Bolognese, sloppy joes, tacos, burgers, or burritos. -
Plant-Based Milk Alternatives
Behind the hype: Plant-based milk alternatives Why is this an issue? Health concerns, sustainability and changing diets are some of the reasons people are choosing plant-based alternatives to cow’s milk. This rise in popularity has led to an increased range of milk alternatives becoming available. Generally, these alternatives contain less nutrients than cow’s milk. In particular, cow’s milk is an important source of calcium, which is essential for growth and development of strong bones and teeth. The nutritional content of plant-based milks is an important consideration when replacing cow’s milk in the diet, especially for young children under two-years-old, who have high nutrition needs. What are plant-based Table 1: Some Nutrients in milk alternatives? cow’s milk and plant-based Plant-based milk alternatives include legume milk alternatives (soy milk), nut (almond, cashew, coconut, macadamia) and cereal-based (rice, oat). Other ingredients can include vegetable oils, sugar, and thickening ingredients Milk type Energy Protein Calcium kJ/100ml g/100ml mg/100ml such as gums, emulsifiers and flavouring. Homogenised cow’s milk 263 3.3 120 How are plant-based milk Legume alternatives nutritionally Soy milk 235-270 3.0-3.5 120-160* different to cow’s milk? Nut Almond milk 65-160 0.4-0.7 75-120* Plant-based milk alternatives contain less protein and Cashew milk 70 0.4 120* energy. Unfortified versions also contain very little calcium, B vitamins (including B12) and vitamin D Coconut milk** 95-100 0.2 75-120* compared to cow’s milk. -
The Versatile Veggie Burger Home-Made Veggie (Or ‘Vegetarian’) Burgers Are a Delicious and Nutritious Alternative to the Traditional Hamburger
From the Food Bank Kitchen The Versatile Veggie Burger Home-made veggie (or ‘vegetarian’) burgers are a delicious and nutritious alternative to the traditional hamburger. Making veggie burgers instead of beef hamburgers is an easy way to eat less calories, fat, and cholesterol, while including more lean protein, extra fiber, vitamins and minerals into your diet. The American Cancer Society recommends cutting down on red meats (hamburgers, hot dogs, and deli meats) to reduce the risk of developing certain cancers. Eating lean, vegetarian sources of protein instead of red meat may also lower your risk of developing chronic diseases like obesity and heart disease. It is easy and inexpensive to make veggie burgers at home, and you can find frozen veggie burgers at just about any supermarket, even WalMart! See next page for the top-rated and healthiest store-bought veggie burger brands. The best thing about making your own veggie burgers is that they can be made with just about anything you might have in the kitchen, with low-cost ingredients that are full of fiber and protein. Examples include using canned or dried beans like black beans, pinto beans, red or white beans and lentils; grains like brown rice, oatmeal, or flour and bread crumbs; frozen and canned vegetables like carrots, potatoes, onions, and peppers, and chopped nuts and sunflower seeds. You can make it mild or spicy, according to your taste. If you don’t have all of the ingredients in the recipes below, try substituting the missing item with another one listed above! Veggie Burgers can be baked, grilled, or sautéed in a fry pan on the stove, and eaten on a bun, in a pita, or between slices of bread with lettuce, tomato, ketchup and mustard, just like regular hamburgers! Veggie burgers are also great topped with hummus or salsa, eaten with rice, or crumbled on a salad. -
What Are Soybeans?
candy, cakes, cheeses, peanut butter, animal feeds, candles, paint, body lotions, biodiesel, furniture soybeans USES: What are soybeans? Soybeans are small round seeds, each with a tiny hilum (small brown spot). They are made up of three basic parts. Each soybean has a seed coat (outside cover that protects the seed), VOCABULARY cotyledon (the first leaf or pair of leaves within the embryo that stores food), and the embryo (part of a seed that develops into Cultivar: a variety of plant that has been created or a new plant, including the stem, leaves and roots). Soybeans, selected intentionally and maintained through cultivation. like most legumes, perform nitrogen fixation. Modern soybean Embryo: part of a seed that develops into a new plant, cultivars generally reach a height of around 1 m (3.3 ft), and including the stem, leaves and roots. take 80–120 days from sowing to harvesting. Exports: products or items that the U.S. sells and sends to other countries. Exports include raw products like whole soybeans or processed products like soybean oil or Leaflets soybean meal. Fertilizer: any substance used to fertilize the soil, especially a commercial or chemical manure. Hilum: the scar on a seed marking the point of attachment to its seed vessel (the brown spot). Leaflets: sub-part of leaf blade. All but the first node of soybean plants produce leaves with three leaflets. Legume: plants that perform nitrogen fixation and whose fruit is a seed pod. Beans, peas, clover and alfalfa are all legumes. Nitrogen Fixation: the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen Leaf into a nitrogen compound by certain bacteria, such as Stem rhizobium in the root nodules of legumes. -
Final-DDC-PDF.Pdf
@switch4good Hello, and welcome to the Ditch Dairy Challenge! Whether you’re all-in or a bit skeptical, we want you to have the best experience possible, and we’re here to help. This isn’t your typical challenge—you won’t feel like you’re grinding it out to feel better once it’s complete. You’re going to feel awesome both during and after the 10 days—it’s incredible what ditching dairy can do for our bodies. Use this guide curated by our Switch4Good experts for quick tips and information to make the most of this challenge. From nutrition to recipes, OUR experts have got you covered! Don’t forget to document your journey on Instagram and tag #DitchDairyChallenge. Protein facts How Much Protein Do I Need? Recommended Daily Amount = 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of bodyweight (or 0.4 grams per pound) FUN FACTS If you’re eating a 2,000-calories-a-day diet and only ate broccoli, you’d get 146 grams of protein per day! Even a full day’s worth of plain mashed potatoes would give you 42 grams of protein per day. TOO MUCH Too much protein can stress the liver and kidneys. PROTEIN It can also cause stomach issues, bad breath, and weight gain. Proteins are made of 22 amino acids or “building blocks.” Our bodies can produce 13 of these, and 9 we synthesize from food (like plants). What Are Complete Proteins? Complete proteins contain all 9 essential amino acids that our body cannot make. Thankfully, If you eat enough calories and a variety of plant-based foods, you don’t have to worry! But, if you’re curious: tofu, tempeh, edamame, soy milk, quinoa, hemp seeds, and chia seeds (which is really just the beginning!). -
Protein What It Is Protein Is Found in Foods from Both Plants and Animals
Protein What It Is Protein is found in foods from both plants and animals. Protein is made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units, called amino acids, which are linked to one another in long chains. The sequence of amino acids determines each protein’s unique structure and its specific function. There are 20 different amino acids that that can be combined to make every type of protein in the body. These amino acids fall into two categories: • Essential amino acids are required for normal body functioning, but they cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from food. Of the 20 amino acids, 9 are considered essential. • Nonessential amino acids can be made by the body from essential amino acids consumed in food or in the normal breakdown of body proteins. Of the 20 amino acids, 11 are considered nonessential. Where It Is Found Protein is found in a variety of foods, including: • Beans and peas • Dairy products (such as milk, cheese, and yogurt) • Eggs • Meats and poultry • Nuts and seeds • Seafood (fish and shellfish) • Soy products • Whole grains and vegetables (these generally provide less protein than is found in other sources) What It Does • Protein provides calories, or “energy” for the body. Each gram of protein provides 4 calories. • Protein is a component of every cell in the human body and is necessary for proper growth and development, especially during childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy. • Protein helps your body build and repair cells and body tissue. • Protein is a major part of your skin, hair, nails, muscle, bone, and internal organs. -
Simply Soy Bingo Kit
Lesson Plan Jayme Ericson, Dietetic Intern Julie Garden-Robinson, Ph.D., R.D., L.R.D., Food and Nutrition Specialist Target group All ages Time needed 30 to 50 minutes, depending on activities Objectives Slide 1 - • Participants will be able to identify food Introduction sources of soy. Introduce yourself and welcome participants. • Participants will know what counts as a Welcome to this informational session about soy and its serving of soy. uses in our food supply. • Participants will know MyPlate recommendations for soy. Soy is pivotal to our society and used for much more than just food in our world. • Participants will know how to prepare soy. Let’s consider a few facts to get us started: Preparation and Supplies • How many crayons can one acre of soybeans • Copies of handout: “Questions and produce? 82,000 crayons Answers About Soy Foods,” FN1786 • What percent of all daily newspapers in the U.S. are • Copies of recipes printed using soybean oil? 50 percent • Simply Soy Bingo Kit • Food packages with soy-containing ingredients • Taste testing: Prepare a recipe from this lesson for taste testing, soy nuts or soy products, such as edamame (optional). Slide 2 - Products from soy Question: Which of these products are made from soy? All of the products are made from soy. A more detailed list is provided on your handout, and we will discuss it later. North Dakota State University Optional activity: Distribute food packages and look for Fargo, North Dakota the health claim and allergen statement. January 2016 Slide 3 - What is soy? Soy is a plant native to Asia and has been a staple in the Asian diet for more than 5,000 years. -
Soy Products As Healthy and Functional Foods
Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 7 (1): 71-80, 2011 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2011 Soy Products as Healthy and Functional Foods Hossein Jooyandeh Department of Food Science and Technology, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Khuzestan, Iran Abstract: Over the recent decades, researchers have documented the health benefits of soy protein, especially for those who take soy protein daily. Soy products offer a considerable appeal for a growing segment of consumers with certain dietary and health concerns. It is quite evident that soy products do reduce the risks of developing various age-related chronic diseases and epidemiologic data strongly suggest that populations that regularly consume soy products have reduced incidence and prevalence of the aforementioned age-related conditions and diseases than populations that eat very little soy. The subject of what specific components is responsible for the plethora of reported health benefits of soybean remains a strong controversial issue, as the scientific community continues to understand what component(s) in soy is /are responsible for its health benefits. Soy constituents’ benefits mostly relate to the reduction of cholesterol levels and menopause symptoms and the reduction of the risk for several chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and osteoporosis. A variety of soy products are available on the market with different flavors and textures and a low-fat, nutritionally balanced diet can be developed from them. This article summarized the beneficial health, nutritional and functional properties of the soy ingredients and intends to illustrate the most current knowledge with a consciousness to motivate further research to optimize their favorable effects. -
Chicken Sausages Formulated with Gelatin from Different Sources: a Comparison of Sensory Acceptability and Storage Stability
World Applied Sciences Journal 31 (12): 2062-2067, 2014 ISSN 1818-4952 © IDOSI Publications, 2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi.wasj.2014.31.12.658 Chicken Sausages Formulated with Gelatin from Different Sources: A Comparison of Sensory Acceptability and Storage Stability 1S.E. Ch’ng, 12M.D. Ng, W. Pindi, 11O.L. Kang, A. Abdullah and 1A.S. Babji 1Food Science Programme, School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2School of Food Science and Nutrition, University Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Abstract: This research is carried out to compare the sensory acceptability, physico-chemical characteristics and oxidative stability of Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat (MDCM) sausages formulated with gelatin from different sources (namely cold water fish and bovine) partially replacing isolated soy protein (ISP) as binder during chilled storage. Four samples were prepared whereby T1 as control with 4.5% ISP (without gelatin); T2 contained 0.5 % commercial gelatin; T3 contained 4% ISP + 0.5% cold water fish gelatin and T4 contained 4% ISP + 0.5% bovine gelatin. Sensory evaluation with 7-points Hedonic score by 50 untrained panels were carried out at initial stage. All samples were then kept in chilled condition (4°C ± 1°C) and analyzed on 0, 1, 2 and 3 weeks to observe the colour [L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness)], pH, texture (hardness, elasticity) changes and oxidative stability [Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) profile]. T4 (with bovine gelatin) score higher aroma, taste and overall acceptance as compared to other formulations in sensory evaluation. -
Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia)
Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia) People with cancer may have dysphagia (difficulty swallowing foods or liquids) due to mouth or throat sores caused by cancer treatments or by cancer of the head or neck. They may find it painful to chew foods that are hard or rough, and they may be unable to swallow thin liquids (like water) without coughing or choking. If you are affected by any of these problems, changes to the texture and consistency of the foods you eat and the liquids you drink may be helpful. Your doctor may refer you to a registered A Word of Caution dietitian (RD) or speech-language pathologist If you cough or choke when (SLP). These specialists can recommend the you eat, contact your doctor best diet and fluid consistency for you. The right away, especially if you SLP can also teach you exercises and positions also have a fever. to improve your swallowing ability. Tips to Manage Swallowing Difficulties • Talk with your health care team! Let them know if you have a hard time swallowing food or drinks. • Follow the advice of your SLP and RD about eating softer foods or liquid foods. • Eat three to five small meals each day. Copyright 2013 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. This handout may be reproduced for patient education. 1 • Consume liquid nutritional drinks if you can’t eat enough solid foods at meals. • Drink 6 to 8 cups of fluid each day. If necessary, thicken beverages and other liquids so they are easier to swallow. (See the following chart for types of thickeners you can use.) Types of Thickeners Thickener Description and Instructions for Use Gelatin • Forms a soft gel that can make it easier to swallow foods like cakes, cookies, crackers, sandwiches, pureed fruits, and other cold foods. -
Introduction to Proteins and Amino Acids Introduction
Introduction to Proteins and Amino Acids Introduction • Twenty percent of the human body is made up of proteins. Proteins are the large, complex molecules that are critical for normal functioning of cells. • They are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs. • Proteins are made up of smaller units called amino acids, which are building blocks of proteins. They are attached to one another by peptide bonds forming a long chain of proteins. Amino acid structure and its classification • An amino acid contains both a carboxylic group and an amino group. Amino acids that have an amino group bonded directly to the alpha-carbon are referred to as alpha amino acids. • Every alpha amino acid has a carbon atom, called an alpha carbon, Cα ; bonded to a carboxylic acid, –COOH group; an amino, –NH2 group; a hydrogen atom; and an R group that is unique for every amino acid. Classification of amino acids • There are 20 amino acids. Based on the nature of their ‘R’ group, they are classified based on their polarity as: Classification based on essentiality: Essential amino acids are the amino acids which you need through your diet because your body cannot make them. Whereas non essential amino acids are the amino acids which are not an essential part of your diet because they can be synthesized by your body. Essential Non essential Histidine Alanine Isoleucine Arginine Leucine Aspargine Methionine Aspartate Phenyl alanine Cystine Threonine Glutamic acid Tryptophan Glycine Valine Ornithine Proline Serine Tyrosine Peptide bonds • Amino acids are linked together by ‘amide groups’ called peptide bonds.