DOCSLIB.ORG

Linguistic Perception and Second Language Acquisition

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Linguistic Perception and Second Language Acquisition Linguistic Perception and Second Language Acquisition Explaining the attainment of optimal phonological categorization Published by LOT phone: +31 30 253 6006 Trans 10 fax: +31 30 253 6000 3512 JK Utrecht e-mail: lot@let.uu.nl The Netherlands http://wwwlot.let.uu.nl/ Cover illustration: painting by Mike Sharwood Smith ISBN 90-76864-80-2 NUR 632 Copyright © 2005: Paola Escudero. All rights reserved. Linguistic Perception and Second Language Acquisition Explaining the attainment of optimal phonological categorization Linguïstische Perceptie en Tweedetaalverwerving, of hoe men leert optimaal fonologisch te categoriseren (with summaries in Spanish, English, and Dutch) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de Rector Magnificus, Prof. dr. W. H. Gispen, ingevolge het besluit van het College voor Promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op dinsdag 8 november 2005 des middags te 12:45 uur door Paola Rocío Escudero Neyra geboren op 5 december 1976 te Lima, Perú Promotoren: Prof. dr. W. Zonneveld Prof. dr. P.P.G. Boersma (UvA) Co-promotor: dr. R.W.J. Kager A Marco y Rocío, los cimientos y pilares de mi vida Contents 0 Introduction…………………………………………………………… .... 1 0.1 Why L2 perception? ……………………………………………………1 0.2 Contribution and outline…………………………………………….. 4 PART I: LINGUISTIC MODELLING OF SOUND PERCEPTION AND ITS ACQUISITION 1 Modelling speech perception………………………………………… ……7 1.1 Modelling speech perception as an auditory mapping ……….…….… 9 1.1.1 Speech perception as a single universal mapping ………………… 9 1.1.2 Speech perception has a universal and a linguistic component………. 11 1.2 Evidence for the linguistic nature of speech perception………………13 1.2.1 Auditory perception versus linguistic perception………………… 14 1.2.2 Language-specific one-dimensional sound categorization. ……… 17 1.2.3 Language-specific auditory cue integration…...………….……… 21 1.3 Modelling speech perception as a language-specific phenomenon….. 26 1.3.1 Language-specific perception within phonetics………….……… 27 1.3.2 Language-specific perception within psycholinguistics…..……… 29 1.3.3 Language-specific perception within phonology………..………. 32 1.4 Summary and implications..……………………………….. ……… 35 1.4.1 Resolving the nature of sound representation………….……… 36 1.4.2 How to model linguistic perceptual mappings………..………… 37 1.4.3 Implications for a comprehensive model of sound categorization 38 2 Linguistic Perception (LP): a phonological model of sound perception ................................................................................................................41 2.1 The elements of Linguistic Perception (LP)..................................................42 2.1.1 Perceptual mapping component: the perception grammar .....................44 2.1.2 Representational component: the perceptual input.................................49 2.2 The optimal perception hypothesis ............................................................52 2.2.1 Optimal one-dimensional categorization..............................................53 2.2.2 Optimal cue integration...........................................................................58 2.3 Acquiring optimal L1 linguistic perception...............................................65 2.3.1 Initial perception grammar......................................................................66 ii CONTENTS 2.3.2 The Gradual Learning Algorithm (GLA).............................................68 2.3.3 Learning mechanism 1: one-dimensional auditory-driven learning.......................................................................................................71 2.3.4 Learning mechanism 2: lexicon-driven learning and cue integration..................................................................................................75 2.4 The proposal for word recognition ............................................................77 2.4.1 Lexical representations and recognition grammar ..............................77 2.4.2 The L1 acquisition of optimal L1 recognition.....................................79 2.4.3 Summary: adult Linguistic Perception and its L1 acquisition ...........81 PART II: MODELLING THE L2 ACQUISITION OF SOUND PERCEPTION 3 The Second Language Linguistic Perception (L2LP) model.................85 3.1 The L2LP model: five ingredients ..............................................................85 3.1.1 Distinction between perceptual mappings and sound categories... 86 3.1.2 L2LP ingredient 1: optimal L1 perception and optimal target L2 perception...........................................................................................87 3.1.2.1 L2LP ingredient 1: prediction and explanation.........................88 3.1.2.2 L2LP phonological/phonetic description..................................89 3.1.3 The logical states of L2 sound perception and the L2LP model .....94 3.2 L2LP ingredient 2: the L2 initial state ........................................................97 3.2.1 L2LP prediction: L2 initial equals cross-language perception.........98 3.2.2 Background explanation: L1 Transfer.................................................99 3.2.3 L2LP explanation/description .............................................................100 3.2.3.1 Full Copying of L1 perceptual mappings ................................101 3.2.3.2 Already-categorized versus non-previously categorized dimensions....................................................................................102 3.2.3.3 Phonemic equation and category re-use..................................104 3.3 Ingredient 3: The L2 learning task...........................................................105 3.3.1 Prediction: learning task equals cross-language difference .............105 3.3.2 Explanation/description: perceptual and representational tasks ..........................................................................................................107 3.3.2.1 L2LP perceptual task: Changing and creating mappings .....107 3.3.2.2 L2 representational task: Changing the number of L2 categories.......................................................................................109 CONTENTS iii 3.4 Ingredient 4: L2 development ...................................................................109 3.4.1 L2LP prediction: L2 development equals L1 development ...........111 3.4.2 Background explanation: access to development and learning mechanisms .............................................................................................111 3.4.3 L2LP explanation/description: Full Access to the GLA.................112 3.4.3.1 GLA category formation in L2 development .........................112 3.4.3.2 GLA category boundary shifts in L2 development ..............113 3.5 Ingredient 5: the L2 end state....................................................................113 3.5.1 L2LP prediction: optimal L2 and optimal L1....................................114 3.5.2 Background explanation: limitations for the L2 end state...............115 3.5.2.1 The role of cognitive plasticity and the L2 input....................115 3.5.2.2 The interrelation between the L1 and the L2……… …. .. 116 3.5.3 L2LP explanation/description: Input versus plasticity ....................117 3.5.3.1 Rich L2 input overrules small cognitive plasticity..................117 3.5.3.2 The hypothesis of separate perception grammars..................118 3.6 Summary and L2LP sound perception scenarios...................................121 3.6.1 Learning scenarios: L2LP prediction/explanation............................123 3.6.2 Scenarios: L2LP description of the different learning tasks ...........124 4 A review of other L2 sound perception models .........................................127 4.1 Aim and scope of five L2 perception models.........................................127 4.2 Speech perception and its acquisition ......................................................128 4.2.1 Speech perception in phonological models of L2 sound perception ................................................................................................129 4.2.2 Speech perception within phonetic models of L2 perception .......130 4.2.3 L1 acquisition within the five models .................................................131 4.2.4 Comparison with the L2LP’s framework model...............................132 4.3 L2 sound perception ...................................................................................135 4.3.1 L2 initial state ..........................................................................................135 4.3.1.1 Major’s OPM and Brown’s PIM...............................................135 4.3.1.2 PAM, NLM, and SLM............................................................... 136 4.3.1.3 Comparison with the L2LP initial state ...................................137 4.3.2 L2 development......................................................................................139 4.3.2.1 OPM and PIM's developmental proposals………………. 139 4.3.2.2 PAM, NLM, and SLM's developmental proposals..…….. 140 4.3.2.3 Comparison with the L2LP developmental state .. …… 141 iv CONTENTS 4.3.3 L2 end state .............................................................................................143 4.3.3.1 Comparison with the L2LP end state…………………… 145 4.3.4 L2 sound perception scenarios.............................................................146 4.3.4.1 Comparison with the L2LP scenarios………….....…….…149 4.4 Summary and general comparison with the L2LP model.....................150
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Big Data Suggest Strong Constraints of Linguistic Similarity on Adult Language T Learning ⁎ Job Schepensa, , Roeland Van Houtb, T
    Cognition 194 (2020) 104056 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cognition journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cognit Big data suggest strong constraints of linguistic similarity on adult language T learning ⁎ Job Schepensa, , Roeland van Houtb, T. Florian Jaegerc a Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Free University Berlin, Germany b Centre for Language Studies, Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands c Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: When adults learn new languages, their speech often remains noticeably non-native even after years of exposure. Second language learning These non-native variants (‘accents’) can have far-reaching socio-economic consequences for learners. Many Transfer factors have been found to contribute to a learners’ proficiency in the new language. Here we examine a factor Phonological similarity that is outside of the control of the learner, linguistic similarities between the learner’s native language (L1) and Accents the new language (Ln). We analyze the (open access) speaking proficiencies of about 50,000 Ln learners of Dutch Speech production with 62 diverse L1s. We find that a learner’s L1 accounts for 9–22% of the variance in Ln speaking proficiency. Speech perception This corresponds to 28–69% of the variance explained by a model with controls for other factors known to affect language learning, such as education, age of acquisition and length of exposure. We also find that almost 80% of the effect of L1 can be explained by combining measures of phonological, morphological, and lexical similarity between the L1 and the Ln. These results highlight the constraints that a learner’s native language imposes on language learning, and inform theories of L1-to-Ln transfer during Ln learning and use.
    [Show full text]
  • Once You Have Been Speaking a Second Language for Years, It's Too Late to Change Your Prounciation
    Pronunciation Myths: Applying Second Language Research to Classroom Teaching Linda Grant http://www.press.umich.edu/4584330/pronunciation_myths Michigan ELT, 2014 MYTH 1 Reserved. Once you have been speaking a second language for years, Rights it’s too late to change your All prounciation. Tracey Derwing and Murray J. MunroPress. University of Alberta and Simon Fraser University Michigan of In the Real World David Nguyen, originallyUniversity from Vietnam, moved to Canada in 1980, a time when many Vietnamese people were fleeing their country. David was an engineer and, although it took a long time and a lot of hard work, his2014. credentials were eventually recognized, and he was hired in a large(c) engineering firm. His professional skills were very strong, but his employers often complained that they had difficulty understanding him, despite the fact that he had taken several ESL courses when he first arrived and had a good grasp of both spoken and written English. CopyrightThe problem, as they put it, was his “heavy accent.” Sixteen years after his arrival in Canada, David enrolled in a Clear Speaking course offered two evenings a week for twelve weeks at a local college. Along with his classmates, he received instruction intended to 34 Pronunciation Myths: Applying Second Language Research to Classroom Teaching Linda Grant http://www.press.umich.edu/4584330/pronunciation_myths Michigan ELT, 2014 1: It’s too late to change pronunciation. —— 35 make him more intelligible. On the first night, the students were invited to participate in a study that would entail collecting samples of their English pronunciation at the beginning and end of the course.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of the Second Language in Third Language Acquisition: the Case of Germanic Syntax Camilla Bardel, Ylva Falk
    The role of the second language in third language acquisition: the case of Germanic syntax Camilla Bardel, Ylva Falk To cite this version: Camilla Bardel, Ylva Falk. The role of the second language in third language acquisition: the case of Germanic syntax. Second Language Research, SAGE Publications, 2007, 23 (4), pp.459-484. 10.1177/0267658307080557. hal-00570736 HAL Id: hal-00570736 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00570736 Submitted on 1 Mar 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 080557_SLR_459-484.qxd 10/9/07 5:05 PM Page 459 Second Language Research 23,4 (2007); pp. 459–484 The role of the second language in third language acquisition: the case of Germanic syntax Camilla Bardel University of Stockholm and Ylva Falk University of Nijmegen Received January 2006; revised April 2007; accepted April 2007 In this study of the placement of sentence negation in third language acquisition (L3), we argue that there is a qualitative difference between the acquisition of a true second language (L2) and the subsequent acquisition of an L3. Although there is considerable evidence for L2 influence on vocabulary acquisition in L3, not all researchers believe that such influence generalizes to morphosyntactic aspects of the grammar.
    [Show full text]
  • Second Language Acquisition and Language Pedagogy
    SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND LANGUAGE PEDAGOGY BY: GHOLAMABBASS SHAHHEIDARIPOUR Date: January, 1998 1. Introduction Language pedagogy (LP) and second language acquisition are two poles of a continuum; one pole includes teaching and teachers, and the other is concerned with learning and learners. There has been contradicting views on SLA and LP's relationship, from no relevance to complete and positive relevance. In this paper, I am trying to tackle this controversial area of relevancy and put forward some suggestions from a practitioner's point of view. Professor Candlin in his preface to Sharwood Smith's book (1994) states that natural disciplinary allies, principally linguistics, psychology, sociology and pedagogy pose natural threats to the identity of SLA while at the same time they provide the wherewithal for sourcing of its disciplinary self-sufficiency. SLA is faced with central issues: that of directionality, that of directness and that of direction. Directionality, with an evolving nature, goes to the heart of the question of identity and identification in terms of whether drawing upon existing knowledge in other disciplines or, more dynamically, seeing its reflexive contribution to current disciplinary knowledge. "Territoriality and indirectionality appear to make the best of cocktail" (Sharwood Smith, 1994). There is still considerable variation in the ways that SLA researchers theorize and practice. Directness addresses the relationship between theory and practice. Researchers in SLA should take care against seeking credibility for their theorizing by promising instant applicability. As for that of direction, theoretically, practically speaking the links must be considered carefully to see whether convergence of SLA with pedagogy is helpful or not.
    [Show full text]
  • Orthographic Input and Second Language Phonology
    Bassetti, B. (2008) Orthographic input and second language phonology. In Piske, T. and Young- Scholten, M. (eds.), Input Matters in SLA. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters (pp. 191-206). Copyright Notice The documents distributed here have been provided as a means to ensure timely dissemination of scholarly and technical work on a noncommercial basis. Copyright and all rights therein are maintained by the authors or by other copyright holders, notwithstanding that they have offered their works here electronically. It is understood that all persons copying this information will adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by each author's copyright. These works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. Orthographic input and second language phonology Benedetta Bassetti 1. Introduction For many instructed second language learners, much second language input is not spoken, but written input. Unlike children acquiring their first language, L2 learners are often exposed to L2 written input from the early stages of the learning process, and written input can constitute a large part of their overall L2 input. Second Language Acquisition (SLA) researchers have mostly shown little interest in the differences between spoken and written input. While spoken and written language differ in terms of structures and vocabulary (see Halliday, 1990), more interestingly for this chapter, written representations provide a visual analysis of language. For instance, the English writing system represents phonemes as individual letters and words as strings of letters separated by spaces, although neither phonemes nor words are isolated units in the spoken language. Different writing systems represent different units of language: while alphabetic writing systems (such as Italian) represent phonemes, consonantal writing systems (such as Arabic) represent consonants, syllabic writing systems (such as Japanese kana) represent syllables, and morphemic writing systems (such as Chinese) represent morphemes.
    [Show full text]
  • Syntactic Enhancement and Second Language Literacy: an Experimental Study
    Language Learning & Technology October 2016, Volume 20, Number 3 http://llt.msu.edu/issues/october2016/parkwarschauer.pdf pp. 180–199 SYNTACTIC ENHANCEMENT AND SECOND LANGUAGE LITERACY: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY Youngmin Park, University of California, Irvine Mark Warschauer, University of California, Irvine This experimental study examined how the reading and writing development of sixth- grade L2 students was affected by syntactic enhancement. Visual-syntactic text formatting (VSTF) technology, which visualizes syntactic structures, was used to convert a textbook to the one with syntactic enhancement. The sample (n = 282), which was drawn from a larger study conducted in Southern California, was a mixed population of English proficiency levels: low-proficiency L2 students (n = 113) and high-proficiency L2 students (n =169). Over a school year, VSTF students read their English language arts (ELA) textbooks in VSTF on their laptops and control students read their regular block- formatted textbooks either on their laptops or in print. Observations and interviews revealed that VSTF reading facilitated student engagement in ELA instruction by drawing students’ attention to syntactic structures. The results of the California Standard Tests (CST) before and after the intervention were examined to evaluate participants’ learning outcomes. Although high-proficiency students did not show a significant improvement on the post-test, low-proficiency made significant gains on two subtests of the CST: written conventions and writing strategies. These findings suggest that VSTF reading may facilitate improving syntactic awareness, which is essential for L2 students to develop their English reading and writing skills in academic contexts. Language(s) Learned in this Study: English Keywords: Computer-assisted Language Learning, Grammar, Reading, Writing APA Citation: Park, Y., & Warschauer, M.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Theory-Based Research As Core Discipline in Second Language Acquisition Studies
    LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network Journal, Volume 12, Issue 2, July 2019 Linguistic Theory-Based Research as Core Discipline in Second Language Acquisition Studies Shigenori Wakabayashi Chuo University, Japan swkbys37@tamacc.chuo-u.ac.jp Abstract This paper presents an argument for how second language acquisition (SLA) research should be carried out if a researcher is genuinely interested in learner grammar (i.e., knowledge of language), its acquisition and use. SLA research has expanded greatly over many years and currently spans many subfields, but researchers share one main goal: to describe and explain second language learners’ knowledge and behavior in a broad sense. After presenting important insights from Doughty and Long (2003), who discuss relations between SLA research and language teaching, we divide these subfields into three areas following Wakabayashi (2003) and contend that investigating learners’ linguistic systems is the core area of SLA research. We will illustrate the importance of linguistic theory-based research with data concerning 3rd person singular -s in English. It will be argued that SLA studies need a rigorous descriptive tool (i.e., a theoretical framework) to describe and explain the system underlying learners’ behavior in their use of second languages. Keywords: second language acquisition, theoretical framework, generative grammar, learner behavior, 3rd person singular -s Introduction At the dawn of second language acquisition (SLA) research, Corder (1967) suggested that we should examine learners’ errors to investigate how SLA takes place. Selinker (1972) coined the term ‘Interlanguage’ five years later, to refer to the system / grammar in the learner’s mind for the use of a second language.
    [Show full text]
  • Communicative Language Teaching: the Cornerstone of Second Language Acquisition
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Plan B and other Reports Graduate Studies 5-2012 Communicative Language Teaching: The Cornerstone of Second Language Acquisition Sierra Fischback Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/gradreports Part of the Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education Commons, and the Linguistics Commons Recommended Citation Fischback, Sierra, "Communicative Language Teaching: The Cornerstone of Second Language Acquisition" (2012). All Graduate Plan B and other Reports. 209. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/gradreports/209 This Creative Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Plan B and other Reports by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact digitalcommons@usu.edu. i COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING: THE CORNERSTONE OF SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION by Sierra Fischback A portfolio submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SECOND LANGUAGE TEACHING Approved: __________________________________ ___________________________________ Dr. María Luisa Spicer-Escalante Dr. Karin DeJonge-Kannan Major Professor Committee Member __________________________________ ____________________________________ Dr. Joshua Thoms Dr. Bradford J. Hall Committee Member Department Head UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2012 ii Copyright © Sierra Fischback All rights reserved iii Abstract Communicative Language Teaching: The Cornerstone of Second Language Acquisition by Sierra Fischback, Master of Second Language Teaching Utah State University, 2012 Major Professor: Dr. María Luisa Spicer-Escalante Department: Languages, Philosophy, and Communication Studies This portfolio is comprised of a compilation of papers written by the author while completing the Master of Second Language Teaching (MSLT) program at Utah State University.
    [Show full text]
  • Methodological Approaches to Research in Second Language Learning
    Ellen Bialystok and Merrill Swain Methodological Approaches to Research in Second Language Learning The learning of second languages, like any educational undertaking, is subject ta such a complexity of influences that the strategies of re­ search cannot afford ta confine themselves merely ta those inquiry pro­ cedures that precedent alone has sanctioned. Bialystok and Swain, [aying down three criteria ta be used in selecting an appropriate meth­ odology for any intended inquiry, review with examples the respec­ tive attributes and limitations of case study research, evaluative research, and experimental studies, by way of establishing that each has its ne­ cessary and complementary raie in arriving at firm conclusions about language-learning. Language leaming and language use are influenced by a myriad of factors. These relate to social, affective, cognitive, and other variables which may be observable directly or only through inferential procedures. Because of the complexity associated with language behaviour, the study of it cannot be a simplistic or monolithic enterprise; rather, it must ac­ commodate this complexity by pursuing a variety of courses in order to understand the role of relevant variables. The progress made in a field depends to a large extent on the exist­ ing inquiry procedures. Questions themselvesare often formulated as a function of available methodologies rather than as a function of theore­ tical motivations. Thus, issues that are accessible through current research procedures may take precedence over issues that are less easily subject to empirical observation. Barly research in first language acquisition, for example, was dominated by the study of morpheme acquisition and gram­ matical descriptions (for example, Braine, 1963; Fraser, Bellugi, & Brown, 1963; Brown & Bellugi, 1964), partly for this reason.
    [Show full text]
  • Pronunciation in Second Language Learning and Teaching
    PRONUNCIATION IN SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING Conference Dates and Location September 19-21, 2013 Iowa State University Ames, Iowa, USA 5th Annual Proceedings EDITORS John Levis, Iowa State University Shannon McCrocklin, University of Texas Pan American PRONUNCIATION IN SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING 5th Annual Proceedings Table of Contents Turning the Corner ........................................................................................................................... 1 John Levis, Iowa State University Shannon McCrocklin, University of Texas Pan-American Intelligibility An instrumental account of the intelligibility of [ʌ] in seven varieties of L2 Englishes. ............. 11 Ettien Koffi, St. Cloud State University Final stops or not? The importance of final consonants for an intelligible accent. ....................... 22 Elisabeth Zetterholm, Linnaeus University Instructional approaches Dictation programs for pronunciation learner empowerment. ...................................................... 30 Shannon McCrocklin, University of Texas Pan American Listening and pronunciation need separate models of speech. ...................................................... 40 Richard Cauldwell, Speech in Action, Birmingham, UK Comparing online vs. face-to-face classes: A case study of a French pronunciation class. ......... 45 Anne Violin-Wigent, Michigan State University Fair Dinkum. L2 Spanish pronunciation in Australia by the book. .............................................. 58 William Steed (James Cook University)
    [Show full text]
  • The Phonetics of Second Language Learning and Bilingualism
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Boston University Institutional Repository (OpenBU) Boston University OpenBU http://open.bu.edu BU Open Access Articles BU Open Access Articles 2018 The phonetics of second language learning and bilingualism This work was made openly accessible by BU Faculty. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Version Accepted manuscript Citation (published version): Charles B Chang. 2018. "The phonetics of second language learning and bilingualism." pp. 1-36 https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31331 Boston University The Phonetics of Second Language Learning and Bilingualism Charles B. Chang Boston University 1 Introduction How are speech sounds and patterns mastered in a second language (L2), especially when the L2 is learned later in life? This question is at the heart of research in L2 speech learning, an interdisciplinary field at the nexus of phonetics, phonology, cognitive psychology, L2 acquisition, and applied linguistics. The broad goal of L2 speech research is to understand the mechanisms and processes underlying L2 speech development, with a view toward applications in language learning and language pedagogy. This chapter provides an overview of the major theories and findings in the field of L2 speech learning. For reasons of space, the discussion focuses primarily on four main conceptual frameworks, among the most detailed and widely tested in the field: the Perceptual Assimilation Model–L2, the Native Language Magnet Theory, the Automatic Selection Perception Model, and the Speech Learning Model. These frameworks differ in terms of empirical focus, including the type of learner (e.g., beginner vs.
    [Show full text]
  • ERIH Linguistics 2011
    Linguistics (656 revistas) Category Category ISSN Journal Title Discipline 2007 2011 1243-969X Acquisition et interaction en langue étrangère Linguistics NAT NAT 1585-1923 Across Languages and Cultures Linguistics INT2 INT2 0065-1044 Acta Baltico-Slavica Linguistics NAT NAT 0418-453X Acta Classica Universitatis Scientiarum Debreceniensis Linguistics NAT 0374-0463 Acta Linguistica Hafniensia Linguistics INT2 INT2 1216-8076 Acta Linguistica Hungarica Linguistics INT2 INT2 1211-4413 Acta onomastica Linguistics NAT NAT 0001-6438 Acta Orientalia Linguistics INT2 INT2 Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae (Acta Orientalia 0001-6446 Linguistics INT2 Hungarica) 0567-8269 Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Prague Studies in English Linguistics NAT 1441-7049 Advances in Speech-Language Pathology (correct title: IJSLP) Linguistics NAT INT2 0065-4124 Africana Linguistica Linguistics W 0002-0427 Afrika und Übersee Linguistics INT2 INT2 0874-5498 Ágora. Estudos Clássicos em Debate Linguistics NAT 1461-0213 AILA Review Linguistics INT2 1587-1061 Alkalmazott Nyelvtudomány/ Hungarian Journal of Applied Linguistics Linguistics NAT NAT 0905-4545 Almen semiotik Linguistics NAT ALSIC Apprentissage des langues & systèmes d'information et de 1286-4986 Linguistics NAT NAT communication 0569-1338 Altalános nyelvészeti tanulmányok Linguistics NAT 0277-7126 American Journal of Semiotics Linguistics INT2 0003-1283 American Speech: a Quarterly of Linguistic Usage Linguistics INT2 INT2 0165-7305 Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik Linguistics INT2
    [Show full text]