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NACCHO | 2019 National Profile of Local Health Departments
National Profile 2019 of Local Health Departments Acknowledgments Public health is at the forefront of public attention and discourse worldwide in a way that is unparalleled in modern times. COVID-19 brought the normally hidden work of public health into the limelight and has held it there with a variety of fascinating results. “Epidemiologist” is now a common word, news outlets routinely discuss the merits of population testing metrics, and for months, the nation tuned into briefings by the White House Coronavirus Task Force headed by Vice President Pence. During the pandemic, data from the National Profile of Local Health Departments (Profile) studies have been in great demand. The data have been highlighted by NACCHO and its national partners in communications to policymakers, as well as featured in newspapers, magazines, and newscasts all over the country. Profile data are an incredible source of context for the current COVID-19 pandemic response. In fact, the Profile study is the only longitudinal study of its kind focused on the infrastructure and practice of local health departments (LHDs). As such, it highlights the impact of the continued underfunding of public health around the country. As health departments tackle the largest pandemic in modern history, the workforce is strained, resources are redirected to the response, essential services are disrupted, and leaders are faced with political pressures ranging from firings to death threats. In support of LHDs, NACCHO and its funding partners at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) remain committed to providing evidence regarding the state of local public health that is objective, accurate, and useful. -
Safety ABSTRACT Promotion and Disease Prevention, Outlines
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 240 063 SF 022 598 -TITLE Living Well: An Introducti Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. INSTITUTION Public Health Service (DREW), Rockville, Md. REPORT NO DHEW-PHS-80-50121 -PUB DATE [80] NOTE 32p.; Information in this booklet was drawn. from "HEALTHY PEOPLE, the Surgeon General's Report on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention." PUB TYPE Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Age Groups; *Disease Control; Guidelines; Habit Formation; *Health Education; Health Materials; *Life Style; Nutrition; *Physical Health; *Prevention; Quality of Life; Resource Materials; *Risk; Safety IDENTIFIERS PF Project ABSTRACT This booklet introduces the concept of health promotion and disease prevention, outlines the health risks that are found in daily life, and shows how the risk of disease and disability can be reduced with minor- changes ini life style.Information is given on the number and causes of yearly deathsand the measures that have been taken by the government and by individuals to reduce therisks to good health. Heredity, environment, and life style, arediscussed in relation to good health. General suggestions for all age groups are to eat sensibly, to exercise regularly, toavoid addiction, to be safety conscious, and to learn to handle stress. Specific health risks and suggested healthful practices are discussed for infants, children, adolescents and young adults, adults, and older adults. Concluding this document is an appendix listing 62 government agencies and private, nonprofit groups which are sources of information about various health promotion and disease prevention activities. (EM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.- ********* ************************ UN. -
Public Health in Florida – Yesteryear
Public Health in Florida – Yesteryear FLORIDA'S PUBLIC HEALTH CENTENNIAL William J. Bigler Department of Health 1317 Winewood Boulevard, Tallahassee, Florida 32301 Reprinted with permission from Florida Journal of Public Health, Vol. 1, No. 3, May, 1989, p. 7-19. Figure 1. Cover of Florida Journal of Public Health Vol. 1, No.3 May 1989. ____________________________________________________________ In 1989 William J. Bigler, Ph.D, was Deputy State Epidemiologist for the HRS State Health Office, Disease Control and AIDS Prevention Program. He was initially employed by the Florida State Board of Health 34 years ago as a biologist, has since served in HRS Health Programs as Research Coordinator, Epidemiology Program Supervisor and Biological Administrator, and is currently Senior Epidemiologist with the Department of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology. 2 Abstract Florida's State Board of Health (SBH) was created on February 20, 1889. Historical records during the next century, document that public health programs and policies have influenced the state's political, social and economic infrastucture as well as the quality of life of it's populace. Quarantine, fumigation, vaccination, sanitation, and public education were initially used to control yellow fever, malaria, dengue fever, smallpox, and cholera. World War I brought venereal disease (VD) and epidemics of influenza, dengue fever and plague were encountered shortly thereafter. Statewide mosquito control efforts made the state more habitable. Then hurricanes wreaked havoc when the Great Depression caused massive cuts in budgets and programs. Federal "relief" programs provided some funds for health needs, but not enough. VD was again a problem during World War II. Health care for military dependents, the exploding population and industrial development brought new challenges. -
Guidelines on Formation of State Health Agency and District Implementation Unit
Formation of State Health Agency and District Implementation Unit under Ayushman Bharat-National Health Protection Mission In order to facilitate the effective implementation of the scheme, the State Government shall set up the State Health Agency (SHA) or designate this function under any existing agency/ trust/ society designated for this purpose, such as the state nodal agency for RSBY or a trust/ society set up for a state insurance program. SHA can either implement the scheme directly (Trust/ Society mode) or it can use an insurance company to implement the scheme. The SHA shall be responsible for delivery of the services under AB-NHPM at the State level. The SHA plan to hire a core team to support the Chief Executive Officer in discharge of different functions. For States implementing the scheme in assurance mode (through trust/society), they have two options: • Option 1 – They can hire the same number of staff as the States with insurance mode, additionally staff for beneficiary identity verification. For rest of the functions they can hire an ISA. • Option 2 – Instead of hiring an ISA They can hire additional staff in the team itself to carry out the additional functions. For option 2, Similar to the National Health Agency (NHA) at the central level, the day-to-day operations of the SHA will be administered by a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) appointed by the State Government. The CEO will look after all the operational aspects of the implementation of the scheme in the State and shall be supported by a team of specialists (dealing with specific functions). -
CERC: Media and Public Health Law
Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication: Be First. Be Right. Be Credible. CERC: Media and Public Health Law Last Updated: 2014 CERC: Media and Public Health Law The following chapter describes some of the most relevant laws and legal issues that relate to crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC) during public health emergencies, including: Freedom of speech and the press Laws of defamation Copyright law The public’s right to know Freedom of Information Act Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act privacy regulations Public health laws Public health powers and liabilities State public health emergency powers Understanding the Legal Environment During public health emergencies, it is essential for CERC communicators to be aware of the law and comply with it. A multitude of legal requirements may apply to CERC activities, including laws addressing access to information, privacy, and public health powers. If you understand the content of relevant laws and how to apply them, you will be better able to make good communication decisions. You will be more skilled at determining what information can and cannot, and should and should not, be shared with the media and the public. You will also have a better understanding of the legal basis for decisions your organization may make—decisions you may have to explain to the public. Freedom of Speech and the Press The United States Constitution grants strong protections for freedom of speech and the press. The First Amendment states: “Congress shall make no law … abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press ...”1 Freedom of speech and freedom of the press have been recognized as fundamental rights, but they are not absolute. -
State COVID-19 Vaccination Plans Last Updated – December 30, 2020
State COVID-19 Vaccination Plans Last Updated – December 30, 2020 State State Plan Who is in Charge Priority Sites of Immunization Alabama State ADPH is the primary state health agency for the state of Alabama. There are four primary provider types that will be utilized to reach critical Vaccination Alabama law designates the State Board of Health, as an advisory board to population groups: Local Health Departments; Hospitals/Health Care Plan – last the state in all medical matters, matters of sanitation, and public health. Organizations; Long Term Care Facilities that serve our most vulnerable updated 11/06 ADPH consists of 6 districts, which includes 65 out of 67 county health citizens; and Pharmacies. departments. Jefferson and Mobile Counties are semi‐autonomous, but still are under the authority of SHO. The SHO designated the BCDD to lead the COVID‐19 Vaccination Plan. Alaska State Within the State of Alaska, the responsibility for COVID-19 vaccination The provider types and settings that will administer the first available COVID- Vaccination planning falls primarily to DHSS as the lead entity. The Division of Public 19 vaccine doses to the critical population groups will be determined based on Plan – last Health within DHSS is further tasked with standing up a task force and the ACIP recommendations. updated 10/16 creating an organizational structure to direct these efforts. The Alaska COVID-19 Vaccination Program Task Force was assembled to plan and coordinate our jurisdiction’s COVID-19 vaccination effort. The Alaska COVID-19 Vaccination Program Task Force is jointly led by a State of Alaska Nurse Consultant and an ANTHC Nurse Immunization Coordinator and two deputy co-leads. -
Chronic Disease in the Twentieth Century This Page Intentionally Left Blank Chronic Disease in the Twentieth Century a History
Chronic Disease in the Twentieth Century This page intentionally left blank Chronic Disease in the Twentieth Century a history George Weisz Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore © 2014 George Weisz All rights reserved. Published 2014 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Weisz, George, author. Chronic disease in the twentieth century / George Weisz. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4214-1302-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 1-4214-1302-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-4214-1303-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 1-4214-1303-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-4214-1304-4 (electronic) — ISBN 1-4214-1304-3 (electronic) I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Chronic Disease. 2. Health Policy—history. 3. History, 20th Century. 4. Public Health Practice—history. WT 11.1] RA418 362.1—dc23 2013027737 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410-516-6936 or specialsales@press .jhu.edu. Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post-consumer waste, whenever possible. Contents Preface vii List of Abbreviations xv Introduction 1 part i: Chronic Disease in the United States 1 “National Vitality” -
Refugee Health Education Programs a Review of Approaches by the ARHC Health Education Committee
2014 Refugee Health Education Programs A Review of Approaches by the ARHC Health Education Committee Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Idaho Department of Health and Welfare: Refugee Community Health Advisor Program ........................ 4 Catholic Charities of Southern Nevada: Disaster & Emergency Preparedness Assessment Tool .............. 10 ARHC Health Education Committee Multi-State Pilot: Levels of Health Care in the United States ........... 12 Minnesota Department of Health: Diverse Media Project ......................................................................... 17 Texas State Refugee Health Program: “Welcome to the Refugee Health Clinic" Brochure....... ............... 20 Appendices Appendix 1: Catholic Charities of Southern Nevada: Disaster & Emergency Preparedness Assessment Tool…..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..............ii Appendix 2: ARHC Health Education Committee Multi-State Pilot: Levels of Health Care in the United States…………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………….iv Appendix 3: Minnesota Department of Health Diverse Media Project Materials…………………………………xviii Appendix 4: Texas State Refugee Health Program: “Welcome to the Refugee Health Screening Brochure” …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………xxv 2 Introduction Ensuring a healthy start for refugees arriving in the U.S. is a key challenge in the refugee resettlement process, and is critical -
Building a Roadmap for Health Information Systems Interoperability for Public Health
1 BUILDING A ROADMAP FOR HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS INTEROPERABILITY FOR PUBLIC HEALTH (Public Health Uses of Electronic Health Record Data) WHITE PAPER 2008 2 CONTENTS List of Authors: PHDSC - IHE Task Force Participants………………………………………… 3 Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………….. 5 What is Public Health?............................................................................................... 6 Mission………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7 Stakeholders…………………………………………………………………………………… 7 Public Health Organization…………………………………………………………………… 8 Public Health Functions………………………………………………………………………. 10 Public Health Data Sources………………………………………………………………….. 11 Health Information Technology in Public Health…………………………………………… 13 Current Practices on Data Reporting from Clinical Settings to Health Department Programs.. 13 EHR-based Health Information Exchanges between Clinical Care and Public Health………... 14 Technical Tasks for Information Exchanges: Example of Public Health Domains…. 18 Immunization Domain………………………………………………………………………… 18 1. What is the Immunization Domain?.................................................................................... 18 2. Who are the Immunization Domain Stakeholders?............................................................ 19 3. Expressing the Criteria…………………………………………………………………………... 20 4. Selecting a Site…………………………………………………………………………………… 20 5. Identifying a Patient ……………………………………………………………………………… 20 6. Retrieving Additional Data Elements (Queries)……………………………………………….. 22 7. Reporting Data Elements (Notifications)………………………………………………………. -
Governors' Emergency Declarations During the Covid-19 Pandemic
SYMPOSIUM: PANDEMICS AND THE CONSTITUTION CALLING THEIR OWN SHOTS: GOVERNORS’ EMERGENCY DECLARATIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Maggie Davis∗ Christine Gentry∗∗ Trudy Henson∗∗∗ In April 2020, thousands of protesters assembled in front of state capital buildings and governors’ homes, often in violation of state stay-at- home orders, calling for the end of state emergency orders put in place to combat the spread of COVID-19.1 Much of the messaging at these protests centered on the devastating economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the widespread use of non-essential business closures and stay-at-home orders to curtail disease transmission. In a reversal of the traditional call for states’ rights, some of the protestors called into question the constitutional authority of governors enacting emergency orders in response to COVID-19, calling the action overreaching and violative of federal and state constitutions.2 State powers to quarantine, isolate, and take other measures to protect the public health and welfare, however, are well-established. The police powers, reserved for states in the Tenth Amendment3 and upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in Jacobson v. Massachusetts,4 give states and their governors extremely broad powers to enact “reasonable regulations” * J.D., M.A., University of Maryland Center for Health and Homeland Security ** J.D., M.P.A., University of Maryland Center for Health and Homeland Security *** J.D., University of Maryland Center for Health and Homeland Security 1. Coronavirus: US Faced With Protests Amid Pressure to Reopen, BBC NEWS (Apr. 20, 2020), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52348288 2. -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents MESSAGE FROM THE NACCHO PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR i REPORT AUTHORS AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii NACCHO/THE ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON FOUNDATION iii INTENDED AUDIENCES iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 3 PUBLIC HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 4 STUDY METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 6 OVERALL CHARACTERISTICS 9 PROGRAMS AND SERVICES 18 WORKFORCE 49 PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATION 60 COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSESSMENT 74 OVERALL STRENGTHS AND CHALLENGES 79 CONCLUSION 85 REFERENCES 86 INDEX: List of Figures and Tables 89 APPENDICES APPENDIX A: Expert Panel Listing 93 APPENDIX B: Survey Instrument 95 APPENDIX C: Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) Categories 96 NACCHO | LPHA INFRASTRUCTURE | A CHARTBOOK | OCTOBER 2001 AS FOR MANY RURAL COMMUNITIES, ONE OF OUR GREATEST CHALLENGES IS THE RECRUIT- MENT AND RETENTION OF A WELL-TRAINED PUBLIC HEALTH WORKFORCE. — A LOCAL HEALTH OFFICIAL Message from the NACCHO President and Executive Director On behalf of the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO), we are pleased to provide you with a copy of Local Public Health Agency Infrastructure: A Chartbook, NACCHO’s most recent report on the characteristics of our nation’s local public health agencies’ infrastructure. As the national association representing the nation’s local public health agencies, NACCHO has a profound interest in assuring that these agencies have the infrastructure needed to strengthen and improve the health of the communities they serve. Information about the characteristics and capacities of local public health agencies is helpful in assessing their strengths and identifying challenges and areas for improvement in the future. NACCHO’s previous research on infrastructure is one of the few national sources of data on local public health practice. -
Armenia Health System Review
Health Systems in Transition Vol. 15 No. 4 2013 Armenia Health system review Erica Richardson Erica Richardson (Editor) and Martin McKee (Series editor) were responsible for this HiT Editorial Board Series editors Reinhard Busse, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Josep Figueras, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Martin McKee, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom Elias Mossialos, London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom Sarah Thomson, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Ewout van Ginneken, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Series coordinator Gabriele Pastorino, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Editorial team Jonathan Cylus, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Cristina Hernández-Quevedo, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Marina Karanikolos, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Anna Maresso, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies David McDaid, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Sherry Merkur, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Philipa Mladovsky, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Dimitra Panteli, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Wilm Quentin, Berlin University of Technology, Germany Bernd Rechel, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Erica Richardson, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Anna Sagan, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies International advisory board