DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
World Bank Document Project: Terrestrial Biodiversity Study for Rampur Hydro-electric Project Sheet: I of 15 Document: 20060051 EC / Executive Summary Date: August 2006 Final Report Revision: RO ICS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION Public Disclosure Authorized w Himachal Pradesh is a mountainous state in northern India known for its natural beauty, rich culture and religious heritage. The state has a population of six million and covers 55,673 sq. km, ranging from foothills (Shivaliks), the Mid- hills, the High- Hills, and the Cold Dry Zone of upper Himalayas. The state is a rich repository of biodiversity, and forms the Catchment of several major northern Indian rivers. The rich biodiversity of Himachal Pradesh is reflected through the State Emblems of Pride such as State Tree Cedrus deodara (Deodar), State Flower Rhododendron arboreum (Brans), State Animal Moschus moschiferus (Musk deer) State Bird Lophophorus impejanus (Monal) Public Disclosure Authorized 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited (SJVNL) has been assigned to construct 412 MW Rampur Hydro Electric Project (RHEP) near Rampur town in Kullu District, Himachal Pradesh (H.P.). The project RHEP has been conceived as a tailrace development from the 1500 MW Nathpa Jhakri Hydroelectric Project (NJHEP) to tap the hydropower potential of river Satluj between Jhakri and Bayal village. The surface powerhouse will be constructed on the right bank of the river Satluj at village Bayal, which is about 15 km downstream of Rampur town. 3.0 OBJECTIVES Public Disclosure Authorized The main objective of Terrestrial Biodiversity Study is to collect the baseline terrestrial biodiversity status regarding flora and fauna in the Project Influence Area, (7 Km surrounding the project sites), Project Immediate Influence Area (500 m surrounding project sites and Project Affected Area (Total 49.8 ha of land acquired). For the assessment of Terrestrial Biodiversity data has been collected through extensive survey of the areas with reference to flora and fauna. The objectives are: * To Conduct Botanical Survey of Flora with respect to taxonomy, physiognomy, forest type, Structure, Associations, Phenology and Ethno- botanical information for major forest species, etc * To identify ecological status of flora and fauna with respect to endangered, rare, threatened, endemic as well as distribution Public Disclosure Authorized characteristics i.e. native/exotic, commercially/ locally important species, weeds or parasites Environment and Ecology Lg Project: Terrestrial Biodiversity Study for Rampur Hydro-electric Project Sheet: 2 of 15 Document: 20060051 EC I Executive Summary Date: August 2006 Final Report Revision: RO * To identify major uses of plant species in terms of timber, fodder, food, medicinal etc based on available literature & public consultation * To identify major threats to existing terrestrial biodiversity * To review Compensatory Afforestation Plan, Catchment Area Treatment Plan, Muck/ Quarry Area Redevelopment Plan, for RHEP & NJHEP and suggest vegetative measures * Formulation of Biodiversity Management Plan 4.0 BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY The Primary & Secondary data has been collected to assess baseline terrestrial biodiversity status. Primary surrey of flora has been conducted by using Standard Quadrate Method & Random sampling approach was followed. The Importance value index was calculated as per the Curter & Irtosh (1950) and diversity index calculated as per Shanon- Weaver (1948) Domestic Animals were directly observed during while birds were identified with binox and information about wildlife was collected form state forest dept. The public consultation was conducted during survey of the project] study area to know about various aspects of forest and wildlife studies. The baseline biodiversity with reference to flora and fauna was collected for Himachal Pradesh, Satluj Basin, Project Influence Area, Project Immediate Influence Area and Project Affected Area. The information on Ecological status of species & major threat to existing biodiversity also collected. The biodiversity status is discussed in brief. 4.1 Forest Types Forest is the major land use of Himachal Pradesh. The recorded forest area of the state is 3.54 million ha, which constitutes 66.6% the total geographical area of the state. The wide range of altitude, topography and climatic conditions contributed towards diverse forest types ranging from Tropical to Sub-tropical & temperate to Alpine Forests. As per the Champion & Seth (1962), a total nine major forest types and 35 sub-groups of forests were reported through out the State. Environment and Ecology Project: Terrestrial Biodiversity Study for Rampur Hydro-electric Project Sheet: 3 of 15 Document: 2006005 / EC I Executive Summary Date: August 2006 Final Report Revision: RO Table: I Comparative Distribution of Forests Types Forest Types H.P. S.B. PIA PIIA PAA Tropical Moist Siwalic Sal Forest. Deciduous Forest.. 3C/C2a Bhabur Sal Forest. 3C/C2b Dry Alpine Scrub + 16/Cl - -I (3000-3600m.) Moist Alpine Scrub + Alpine Pasture 15/C3 - - (3000-3600m) Sub Alpine Forest.. + Fir Frs. 14/CIa - - (3000-3500m.) Pasture 14/DS1 Himalayan Dry + Coniferous Dry D. Frs. - - Temperate Forest.. 13/C2b (2500-3000m.) Con. Pine Frs. 13/Cl - - Blue Pine Frs. 13/C2b Himalayan Moist + Ban-Oak Frs. 12/Cla + Temperate Forest.. Kharsu Oak Frs. 12/C2a + (1500-2500m) Moist Deodar Frs. + 12/C1C Oak- Fir Frs. 12/C2b + Mix. Con Frs. 12/Cld + Moharu Oak Frs. 12/C1 + Oak Scrub Frs. 12/Dsl Sub- tropical Pine + Himalayan Sub- tropical Forest.. Pine Frs. 9C1 St. Euph Srb 9DS2 + + + Sub-tropical Dry ± Dodonea Srb I0D51 + + + Evergreen Forest.. Tropical Dry + Northern Dry Mixed + Deciduous Forest. Dec. Frs. 5/C2 + Khair- Sissoo Forest. + l_ _5B/1 S2 Total 9/35 8/19 4/10 2/2 2/2 HP- Himachal Pradesh, S.B. - Satiuj Basin, PIA- Project Influence Area PIIA- Project Immediate Influence Area, PAA- Project Affected Area +- Present, - - Absent * Altitudinal Migration Environment and Ecology EE Project: Terrestrial Biodiversity Study for Rampur Hydro-electric Project Sheet: 4 of 15 Document: 2006005 1 EC / Executive Summary Date: August 2006 Final Report Revision: RO The table 1.1 shows comparative distribution of forest types in Himachal Pradesh, Satluj Basin, Project Influenced Area, Project Immediate Influenced Area & Project Affected Area. It revealed that Shivalik Sal Forest differentiate Himachal Pradesh from Satluj Basin. While High Altitude Forest (3500-6600m) Alpine & Sub-Alpine Forest differentiate Satluj Basin and Project Influenced Area. The Project Immediate Influenced Area and Project Affected Area represents only two forest types i.e. Sub-tropical Euphorbia Scrub and Dodonea Scrub, which are sparsely distributed along foothills and hill slopes. 4.2 Nature of Flora The wide range of altitude topography and climatic conditions resulted in rich and diversified flora in Himachal Pradesh. The flora of Himachal Pradesh comprised of higher plants, ferns, mosses, fungi and lichens. A total number of 3256 vascular plants has been reported from the State of which 3210 are angiosperms, 12 are gymnosperms and 34 species of lower plants. The flora has been used by local people for timber, fodder, fuel, food and medicines. The comparative statement on flora recorded during survey is given below Table: 2 Comparative Distribution Of Flora S.N. Nature of Flora PIA PIIA PAA 1 Trees 45 28 17 2 Shrubs 39 26 23 3 Herbs 21 14 16 4 Climber 04 02 01 5 Grasses 06 04 04 6 Ferns 02 02 02 7 Epiphytes 01 01 8 Mushroom 01 Total 119 77 63 Flora of the Project Influenced Area recorded highest number of 119 species followed by 77 and 63 in Project Immediate Influenced Area and Project Affected Area respectively. Taxonomically, flora is represented by 98 Genera & 58 Families. Physiognomically, floral diversity can be categorized as trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers, grasses, ferns, epiphytes & mushrooms. The flora of the Project Affected Area is dominated by Shrubs and showed low diversity index as given in table below: Environment and Ecology Fq Project: Terrestrial Biodiversity Study for Rampur Hydro-electric Project Sheet: 5 of 15 Document: 2006005 / EC / Executive Summary Date: August 2006 Final Report Revision: RO Table 2 Diversity Indexes of the Project Area Area Diversity Index Range for Diversity Index Range for trees and Shrubs Grasses and Herbs Project Affected Area 0.27 - 1.30 0.17 - 0.80 Immediate Influence Area 1.17 - 1.41 0.87 - 1.13 4.3 Natural Fauna The variation in forest type and vegetation pattern resulted in distribution of diversified flora throughout the state. The rich faunal diversity includes 64 species of mammals, 447 species of birds, 44 species of amphibians & reptiles and 81 species of fishes. The Himachal Pradesh supports rich wildlife fauna, which is generally recorded from higher altitude forest (3500-6600m). The comparative distribution of endangered, rare & protected species of Himachal Pradesh is given below Table: 3 Comparative Distribution of Endangered Species of Wildlife Forest Type Wild life H.P S.B. PIA PIIA PAA Status Cold Desert Snow Leopard + + - - - Dry Alpine Him Brown Bear + + - - -I Scrub Tibetan Wolf + + - - - Moist Alpine Red Fox + + - - - IV Sub Alpine Common Leopard + + + - forest. (3500- -I 6600) Him Black Bear + + +* - - III Bharal + + III Him Thar + + I Him Ibex + + I Musk Deer + + - -I Baseline Terrestrial Biodiversity Status: - Status*: As per Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 Schedule-I : Endangered and Rare Species Environment and Ecology Lg Project: Terrestrial
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gori River Basin Substate BSAP
    A BIODIVERSITY LOG AND STRATEGY INPUT DOCUMENT FOR THE GORI RIVER BASIN WESTERN HIMALAYA ECOREGION DISTRICT PITHORAGARH, UTTARANCHAL A SUB-STATE PROCESS UNDER THE NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN INDIA BY FOUNDATION FOR ECOLOGICAL SECURITY MUNSIARI, DISTRICT PITHORAGARH, UTTARANCHAL 2003 SUBMITTED TO THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI CONTENTS FOREWORD ............................................................................................................ 4 The authoring institution. ........................................................................................................... 4 The scope. .................................................................................................................................. 5 A DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA ............................................................................... 9 The landscape............................................................................................................................. 9 The People ............................................................................................................................... 10 THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE GORI RIVER BASIN. ................................................ 15 A brief description of the biodiversity values. ......................................................................... 15 Habitat and community representation in flora. .......................................................................... 15 Species richness and life-form
    [Show full text]
  • The Nursery-Book, a Complete Guide to the Multiplication And
    L. H. BAILEY'S BOOKS. Annals of Horticulture in North America for the year 1889. A Witness of Passing Events and a Record of Progress. 249 pages, 52 illustrations. Annals for 1890. 312 pages. 82 illustrations. Annals for 1891. 416 pages. 77 illustrations. Annals for 1892. Illustrated. ***A new volume is issued every year, each complete in itself. Cloth, |i. The Horticulturist's RuIe°Book. A Compen- dium of Useful Information for Fruit-Grovfers, Truck- Gardeners, Florists and Others. Second edition, re- vised to the opening of 1892. 221 pages. Cloth, $1; paper, 50 cents. The Nursery=Book. A Complete Guide to the Multiplication and Pollination of Plants. 304 pages. 106 illustrations. Cloth, $1 ; paper, 50 cents. Cross-Breeding and Hybridizing. With a Brief Bibliography of the Subject. 44 pages. Paper, 40 cents. (Rural Library Series.) American Orape Training. An Account of the Leading Forms now in Use of Training the American Grapes. 95 pages. Profusely illustrated, from photographs. Cloth, 75 cents. Field Notes on Apple Culture. 90 pages. 19 illustrations. Cloth, 75 cents. Talks Afield: About Plants and the Science of Plants. 173 pages. 100 illustrations. Cloth, SI. THE RURAL PUBLISHING CO., P.O. Box 3318. New York. Albefo" R. Mann Library Cornell Univep^sity Cornell University Library The original of tliis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924097691020 THE NURSERY-BOOK A COMPLETE GUIDE TO THE Multiplication and Pollination of Plants By L H. BAILEY New York : The Rural Publishing Company 1891 SreC.COLL.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison Between Different Types of Bedding Materials for Horses
    Agronomy Research 16(3), 646 655, 2018 https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.18.124 Comparison between different types of bedding materials for horses G. Bambi, G. Rossi and M. Barbari* University of Firenze, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems (GESAAF), Via San Bonaventura 13, IT50145 Firenze, Italy *Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract. The sports horse lives a large part of the time inside the pen in constant contact with the bedding. Therefore the bedding material can deeply affect the welfare and health of horses kept in pens. The materials have to ensure the realization of a double aim: to create a comfortable and soft surface on which the animal can stand and relax; to give appropriate hygienic and sanitary conditions. Other important factors influence the choice, such as: the material must not be appetizing for the horse; the litter has to maintain a proper level of moisture, so that the hoof is kept healthy, elastic and hydrated. Also the costs for material and litter management have to be taken into account. In the present study, different organic materials are compared: wood chips, hemp, rice, flax and coconut. The trials took place in five box stalls, with square plan of 3 x 3 m. Environmental data were collected during the trials (air temperature and humidity, ammonia concentration, litter moisture). Management data were also collected, regarding the use of bedding materials, working time, costs. In the paper the main results of the comparison between the different litter materials used in horses pens are presented. Key words: horse husbandry, bedding material, housing, sanitary and hygienic conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Enviroequine Bedding Set-Up Guide 2020
    Extend the life of your bedding. Stall Set-up Guide When using By changing the way Many horse owners 1 EnviroEquine bedding, 2 you clean stalls, you’ll 3 have reported saving the daily and weekly care of be able to keep your horses up to a third on the cost of your stall is very dierent to more comfortable and bedding when they have using other bedding healthier, while also switched to using materials. Less is more with extending the life of your EnviroEquine bedding. EnviroEquine bedding bedding. LAYING THE BEDDING It usually takes about 6 to 8 bags of EnviroEquine bedding to create the initial bed in a typical 12’ by 12’ stall. It is important to ensure that the bed is deep enough. Then, sprinkle the EnviroEquine bedding with water - about 1 gallon of water for each bag used. The purpose of this is to activate the bedding's sponge-like properties. You will soon get to know how much water to apply as you'll realise the hemp bedding is highly absorbent. CONTACT A SALES REP TO ORDER. EnviroEquine & PET - 12400 W Hwy 71, Ste 350-342 enviroequine.com; 1-800-218-1571 Austin, TX 78738 USA [email protected] MAINTENANCE STEP 1 Every day, make sure you pick out the manure from the stall. A good shavings fork will remove the droppings from the top of the bed or you can also use a shovel as this avoids digging the bed up and reduces the amount of bedding taken out. Generally, you will be able to pick out almost entirely manure with hardly any wasted bedding.
    [Show full text]
  • 19980197471.Pdf
    NASA/TM-- 208145 Laboratory Animal Science Copyright' 1980 . by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science The Manufacture, Shipping and Receiving and Quality Control of Rodent Bedding Materials I Lisbeth M Kraft Summary [ The criteria for rodent bedding and nesting materials are discussed. The literature is reviewed regarding sources of bedding materials, manufacturing methods, quality control procedures (microbiological, physical and chemical), storagemethods, shipment, methods of use and disposal, current knowledge concerning bedding effects on animals as related to research and testing and legal aspects. Future needs, especially with respect to the promulgation of standards, also are addressed. Key Words ] Animal bedding -- Microbiological safety -- Rodentia In 1974, a journal published for the For the most part, contact bedding laboratory animal field cited 11 commercial will be discussed, although materials placed sources of contact bedding for laboratory ani- under suspended wire cages, as well as no bed- mals in the form of wood shavings or chips and ding at all, also will be mentioned. Most of the six for pelleted products (1). In 1979, the same data will center about mice and rats. publication again listed 11 sources of shavings or wood chips, however, seven of those men- tioned in 1974 were no longer listed 12L Thus seven new vendors had entered the market in Specifications and Requirements: Types of the interim, and, whereas six suppliers offered Contact Bedding pelleted bedding in 1974, there were only four The specifications and requirements in 1979. Of these, three were new vendors. What are we to conclude from this? for rodent contact bedding vary depending on whether one wishes only adequate or optimal, Do bedding vendors tend to be an evanescent lot? Or is the fault to be found in the nature of that is, ideal, conditions for the animals.
    [Show full text]