DOCSLIB.ORG

Population Dynamics of the Critically Endangered, Southern Bent-Winged Bat Miniopterus Orianae Bassanii

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Population Dynamics of the Critically Endangered, Southern Bent-Winged Bat Miniopterus Orianae Bassanii Population Dynamics of the Critically Endangered, Southern Bent-winged Bat Miniopterus orianae bassanii Emmi van Harten B.A. (Natural Resources Education). (Hons). Grad. Cert. Prof. Writing ORCID identifier 0000-0003-4672-754X Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2020 Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution School of Life Sciences College of Science, Health & Engineering La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia Table of contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................ iv Statement of authorship .............................................................................................. v Preface .......................................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements .................................................................................................. viii Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................. 11 Context ..................................................................................................................... 12 The southern bent-winged bat Miniopterus orianae bassanii ................................. 17 Study aims and objectives ........................................................................................ 26 Thesis outline ........................................................................................................... 26 References ................................................................................................................ 28 Chapter 2. Cave-dwelling bats in Australia: ecology and conservation ............... 37 Early understanding of Australian cave bats ........................................................... 43 Maternity caves and roosting requirements ............................................................. 46 Winter behaviour of cave-dwelling bats in Australia .............................................. 50 Research methods for studying cave-dwelling bats ................................................. 52 Conservation of cave-dwelling bats ......................................................................... 54 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................. 59 References ................................................................................................................ 59 Chapter 3. High detectability with low impact: optimizing large PIT tracking systems for cave-dwelling bats .................................................................................. 69 Abstract .................................................................................................................... 70 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 71 Methods .................................................................................................................... 74 Results ...................................................................................................................... 82 Discussion ................................................................................................................ 89 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................. 93 References ................................................................................................................ 94 Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................... 99 Chapter 4. Recovery of southern bent-winged bats (Miniopterus orianae bassanii) after PIT-tagging and the use of surgical adhesive ............................................... 101 Abstract .................................................................................................................. 102 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 102 Method ................................................................................................................... 104 Results .................................................................................................................... 105 ii Discussion .............................................................................................................. 108 Acknowledgments .................................................................................................. 109 References .............................................................................................................. 110 Chapter 5. Low apparent breeding-season survival in a critically endangered bat: survival analysis using large-scale passive detection .................................... 113 Abstract .................................................................................................................. 114 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 115 Materials and methods ........................................................................................... 118 Results .................................................................................................................... 121 Discussion .............................................................................................................. 127 Conclusion ............................................................................................................. 134 References .............................................................................................................. 134 Supplementary material ......................................................................................... 142 Chapter 6. Seasonal population dynamics and movement patterns of a critically endangered, cave-dwelling bat ................................................................................ 144 Abstract .................................................................................................................. 145 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 146 Methods .................................................................................................................. 150 Results .................................................................................................................... 153 Discussion .............................................................................................................. 162 References .............................................................................................................. 168 Supplementary material ......................................................................................... 175 Chapter 7. General discussion ................................................................................ 177 Thesis overview ..................................................................................................... 178 Recommendations: conservation actions and research priorities .......................... 187 References .............................................................................................................. 193 iii Abstract Bats comprise a significant component of global biodiversity and contribute to a range of ecosystem services; but, more than half of the world’s bat species assessed for conservation status have declining or unknown population trends. In this study, I investigated the population dynamics of the critically endangered, southern bent- winged bat Miniopterus orianae bassanii, a cave-dwelling taxon in south-eastern Australia. The southern bent-winged bat has experienced severe historical population decline but the current population trajectory is uncertain. Over three years, I tagged 2966 southern bent-winged bats with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags. Large antennas were used to create vertical detection planes exceeding 8 m2 to detect PIT- tagged bats in flight at a major maternity cave and a non-breeding cave in south-east South Australia. Fifty-two bats recaptured after PIT-tagging had their physical condition reassessed. PIT-tagging procedures were not associated with lowered body mass, infection, or irritation. Subsequent detection rates of the free-flying bats were high, with 97% of PIT-tagged individuals being detected, resulting in over 1.4 million unique detections. Apparent seasonal survival rates were lowest in summer and autumn, particularly for juveniles and lactating females. Lowest survival during the study coincided with severe drought conditions in early 2016. Bats congregated at the maternity cave for most of the year, although there were different movement and migration patterns among sex and age classes, including a previously undescribed migration event occurring over March each year. Overall, the population was more mobile than expected, with bats flying the 72 km between the two roosting caves in just a few hours. Population modelling predicts continued population decline. This study demonstrates that large PIT antennas can be used to safely and successfully detect small volant species, extending the scope for use of PIT-tag technology in wildlife research. Critically,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diversity, Host Specialization, and Geographic Structure of Filarial Nematodes Infecting Malagasy Bats
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Diversity, Host Specialization, and Geographic Structure of Filarial Nematodes Infecting Malagasy Bats Beza Ramasindrazana1,2,3*, Koussay Dellagi1,2, Erwan Lagadec1,2, Milijaona Randrianarivelojosia4, Steven M. Goodman3,5, Pablo Tortosa1,2 1 Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l’Océan Indien, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France, 2 Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249. Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France, 3 Association Vahatra, Antananarivo, Madagascar, 4 Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar, 5 The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America * [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Ramasindrazana B, Dellagi K, Lagadec E, We investigated filarial infection in Malagasy bats to gain insights into the diversity of these Randrianarivelojosia M, Goodman SM, Tortosa P (2016) Diversity, Host Specialization, and Geographic parasites and explore the factors shaping their distribution. Samples were obtained from Structure of Filarial Nematodes Infecting Malagasy 947 individual bats collected from 52 sites on Madagascar and representing 31 of the 44 Bats. PLoS ONE 11(1): e0145709. doi:10.1371/ species currently recognized on the island. Samples were screened for the presence of journal.pone.0145709 micro- and macro-parasites through both molecular and morphological approaches. Phylo- Editor: Karen E. Samonds, Northern Illinois genetic analyses showed that filarial diversity in Malagasy bats formed three main groups, University, UNITED STATES the most common represented by Litomosa spp. infecting Miniopterus spp. (Miniopteridae); Received: April 30, 2015 a second group infecting Pipistrellus cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Poxviruses in Bats … So What?
    Viruses 2014, 6, 1564-1577; doi:10.3390/v6041564 OPEN ACCESS viruses ISSN 1999-4915 www.mdpi.com/journal/viruses Review Poxviruses in Bats … so What? Kate S. Baker 1,* and Pablo R. Murcia 2,* 1 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK 2 University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Institute of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: [email protected] (K.S.B.); [email protected] (P.R.M.); Tel.: + 44-122-349-4761 (K.S.B.); +44-141-330-2196 (P.R.M.). Received: 28 January 2014; in revised form: 13 March 2014 / Accepted: 17 March 2014 / Published: 3 April 2014 Abstract: Poxviruses are important pathogens of man and numerous domestic and wild animal species. Cross species (including zoonotic) poxvirus infections can have drastic consequences for the recipient host. Bats are a diverse order of mammals known to carry lethal viral zoonoses such as Rabies, Hendra, Nipah, and SARS. Consequent targeted research is revealing bats to be infected with a rich diversity of novel viruses. Poxviruses were recently identified in bats and the settings in which they were found were dramatically different. Here, we review the natural history of poxviruses in bats and highlight the relationship of the viruses to each other and their context in the Poxviridae family. In addition to considering the zoonotic potential of these viruses, we reflect on the broader implications of these findings. Specifically, the potential to explore and exploit this newfound relationship to study coevolution and cross species transmission together with fundamental aspects of poxvirus host tropism as well as bat virology and immunology.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity, Host Specialization, and Geographic Structure of Filarial Nematodes Infecting Malagasy Bats
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Diversity, Host Specialization, and Geographic Structure of Filarial Nematodes Infecting Malagasy Bats Beza Ramasindrazana1,2,3*, Koussay Dellagi1,2, Erwan Lagadec1,2, Milijaona Randrianarivelojosia4, Steven M. Goodman3,5, Pablo Tortosa1,2 1 Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l’Océan Indien, Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France, 2 Université de La Réunion, UMR PIMIT "Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical", INSERM U 1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249. Plateforme de Recherche CYROI, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, Saint-Denis, La Réunion, France, 3 Association Vahatra, Antananarivo, Madagascar, 4 Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar, 5 The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America * [email protected] OPEN ACCESS Abstract Citation: Ramasindrazana B, Dellagi K, Lagadec E, We investigated filarial infection in Malagasy bats to gain insights into the diversity of these Randrianarivelojosia M, Goodman SM, Tortosa P (2016) Diversity, Host Specialization, and Geographic parasites and explore the factors shaping their distribution. Samples were obtained from Structure of Filarial Nematodes Infecting Malagasy 947 individual bats collected from 52 sites on Madagascar and representing 31 of the 44 Bats. PLoS ONE 11(1): e0145709. doi:10.1371/ species currently recognized on the island. Samples were screened for the presence of journal.pone.0145709 micro- and macro-parasites through both molecular and morphological approaches. Phylo- Editor: Karen E. Samonds, Northern Illinois genetic analyses showed that filarial diversity in Malagasy bats formed three main groups, University, UNITED STATES the most common represented by Litomosa spp. infecting Miniopterus spp. (Miniopteridae); Received: April 30, 2015 a second group infecting Pipistrellus cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Miniopterus Inflatus – Greater Long-Fingered Bat
    Miniopterus inflatus – Greater Long-fingered Bat Assessment Rationale This species occurs widely but sparsely in northeastern South Africa with an extent of occurrence of 64,798 km2. It is often sympatric at roost sites with other Miniopterus species, yet occurs in lower densities (typically only 5% the abundance of Miniopterus natalensis). Thus, it may be overlooked and occur more widely than thought. There are no major identified threats but as it occurs predominantly outside protected areas, disturbance to cave roosts (which makes it vulnerable to local extinctions) and agricultural transformation depleting its insect prey base may be causing localised declines. Ara Monadjem Additionally, although its current known distribution does not overlap with planned wind farm developments, the discovery of new subpopulations may reveal wind farms Regional Red List status (2016) Near Threatened as an emerging threat. This species would qualify as C2a(i)+D1*† Vulnerable C2a(i) but subpopulations are not significantly National Red List status (2004) Not Evaluated fragmented as they have relatively high wing-loading. As subpopulations typically comprise c. 50 individuals and Reasons for change Non-genuine: this species is known from only five localities, there is an New information inferred minimum population size of 250 individuals. Global Red List status (2016) Least Concern However, this is an underestimate and field surveys are required to identify as yet undetected subpopulations. TOPS listing (NEMBA) (2007) None Total mature population size is unlikely to be significantly CITES listing None more than 1,000 individuals. Thus, we list as Near Threatened C2a(i) and D1. Additionally, since it is almost Endemic No certainly a species complex and may thus be revealed to *Watch-list Data †Watch-list Threat be a South African or southern African endemic, we do not know the true range of the species.
    [Show full text]
  • 3. Family Vespertilionidae
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica Vol. 32, No. 3-4 pp. 207-325; pl. 11-12 Warszawa, 1987 BRONISEAW W. WOLOSZYN PLIOCENE AND PLEISTOCENE BATS OF POLAND WOEOSZYN, B. W. Pliocene and Pleistocene bats of Poland. Acta Palaeont. Polonica, 32, 3-4, 207-325, 194W. The fwil remains of Pliocene and Pleistocene bats from central and southern Poland have been examined, belonging to three families: Rhinolophidae, Miniopte- ridae and Vespertilionidae. In the material examined, 15 species of bats have been found, six of which being new: Rhlnolophus kowalskif Topal, R. wenzensis sp. n., R. cf. macrorhtnus Topal, R. hanakt sp. n. R. cf., Variabilis Topal, R. neglectus Heller, Rhtnolophus sp. (mehelyil) (Rhinolophjdae); Miniopterus approximatus sp. n. (Miniopteridae); Eptesicus kowalskii sp. n., E. mossoczyi sp. n., E. cf. sero- tinus (Schreber), E. nilssont (Keyserling et Blasius), Barbastella cf. schadlert Wettstein-Westersheim, Plecotus rabederi sp. n., P. cf. abeli Wettstein-Westers- heim (Vespertilionidae). The material comes from then localities. The Pliocene faunas showed a high share of thermophilous species of the families Rhinolophidae and Miniopteridae. The deterioration of the climate towards the close of the Pliocene brought about a decfine in thermophilous forms. The faunas of the middle Pleistocene show a conlplete absence of thermophilous species, while the share of forest and boreal species increaser. It has been shown that from the early Pliocene onwards, changes which appear to be evolutionary trends have continued to take place in skull structure. Some of these trends were analysed, and they were found to consist mainly in the reduction of the splanchnocranium: shortening of the palate and of the premolar toothrows (both in the maxilla and the mandible).
    [Show full text]
  • Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Characterization of the Developing Bat Wing
    ARTICLES OPEN Transcriptomic and epigenomic characterization of the developing bat wing Walter L Eckalbar1,2,9, Stephen A Schlebusch3,9, Mandy K Mason3, Zoe Gill3, Ash V Parker3, Betty M Booker1,2, Sierra Nishizaki1,2, Christiane Muswamba-Nday3, Elizabeth Terhune4,5, Kimberly A Nevonen4, Nadja Makki1,2, Tara Friedrich2,6, Julia E VanderMeer1,2, Katherine S Pollard2,6,7, Lucia Carbone4,8, Jeff D Wall2,7, Nicola Illing3 & Nadav Ahituv1,2 Bats are the only mammals capable of powered flight, but little is known about the genetic determinants that shape their wings. Here we generated a genome for Miniopterus natalensis and performed RNA-seq and ChIP-seq (H3K27ac and H3K27me3) analyses on its developing forelimb and hindlimb autopods at sequential embryonic stages to decipher the molecular events that underlie bat wing development. Over 7,000 genes and several long noncoding RNAs, including Tbx5-as1 and Hottip, were differentially expressed between forelimb and hindlimb, and across different stages. ChIP-seq analysis identified thousands of regions that are differentially modified in forelimb and hindlimb. Comparative genomics found 2,796 bat-accelerated regions within H3K27ac peaks, several of which cluster near limb-associated genes. Pathway analyses highlighted multiple ribosomal proteins and known limb patterning signaling pathways as differentially regulated and implicated increased forelimb mesenchymal condensation in differential growth. In combination, our work outlines multiple genetic components that likely contribute to bat wing formation, providing insights into this morphological innovation. The order Chiroptera, commonly known as bats, is the only group of To characterize the genetic differences that underlie divergence in mammals to have evolved the capability of flight.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Kerivoula (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from Peninsular Malaysia
    Acta Chiropterologica, 9(1): 1–12, 2007 PL ISSN 1508-1109 © Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS A new species of Kerivoula (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) from peninsular Malaysia CHARLES M. FRANCIS1, TIGGA KINGSTON2, and AKBAR ZUBAID3 1National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa K1A 0H3, Canada E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA 3Jabatan Zoologi, Fakulti Sains Hayat, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia A new species of small Kerivoula is described from peninsular Malaysia. It is similar in size and form to Kerivoula hardwickii Miller 1898 or K. intermedia Hill and Francis 1984, but is distinguished by its distinctive colouration — dorsal fur has extensive black bases with shiny golden tips, ventral fur has dark grey bases with whitish-buff tips — as well as several characters of dentition and skull shape. Sequence analysis of the first 648 base pairs of cytochrome oxidase I gene (DNA barcode) indicates a divergence of at least 11% from all other species of Kerivoula, a difference comparable to that between other species of Kerivoula. Key words: DNA barcode, Kerivoula, new species, Malaysia INTRODUCTION groups in trees, making them hard to find at roost. Until recently, bats of the genus Ke- With greatly increased capture rates, it is rivoula in Southeast Asia were relatively perhaps not surprising that new discoveries poorly known, with most species recorded are also being made throughout Southeast from relatively few specimens (Corbet and Asia. These include a new species from Hill, 1992). However, recent use of harp Myanmar, Kerivoula kachinensis (Bates et traps (Francis, 1989) has shown that many al., 2004), as well as the recognition of species of Kerivoula are, in fact, relative- K.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogenetics of the Chiropteran
    MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS OF THE CHIROPTERAN FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE By STEVEN REG HOOFER Bachelor of Science Fort Hays State University Hays, Kansas 1994 Master of Science Fort Hays State University Hays, Kansas 1996 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May, 2003 MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS OF THE CHIROPTERAN FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE Dissertation Approve _________ ., .... - _7 ~/) / m,~' '-i, ~h~~~llege ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank the following persons and institutions for their generosity in loaning tissue samples for this study and assistance in locating voucher information (institutions listed in decreasing order of number of tissues loaned): R. Baker, R. Bradley, and R. Monk of the Natural Science Research Laboratory of the Museum of Texas Tech University; N. Simmons and C. Norris of the American Museum of Natural History; B. Patterson, L. Heaney, and W. Stanley of the Field Museum of Natural History; S. McLaren of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History; M. Engstrom of the Royal Ontario Museum; M. Ruedi of the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Geneva; R. Honeycutt and D. Schlitter of the Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection at Texas A&M University; T. Yates, M. Bogan, B. Gannon, C. Ramotnik, and E. Valdez of the Museum of Southwestern Biology at the University of New Mexico; J. Whitaker, Jr. and D. Sparks of the Indiana State University Vertebrate Collection; M. Kennedy of the University of Memphis, Mammal Collection; J. Patton of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley; J. Kirsch of the University of Wisconsin Zoological Museum; F. Mayer and K.-G.
    [Show full text]
  • Miniopterus Schreibersii Bassanii (Southern Bent-Wing Bat) Listing Advice
    Advice to the Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts from the Threatened Species Scientific Committee (the Committee) on Amendments to the list of Threatened Species under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) 1. Scientific name (common name) Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii (Southern Bent-wing Bat) 2. Reason for Conservation Assessment by the Committee This advice follows assessment of information provided by a public nomination to transfer the Southern Bent-wing Bat from the conservation dependent category to the endangered category of the EPBC list of threatened species. This is the Committee’s second assessment of the subspecies under the EPBC Act. 3. Summary of Conclusion The Committee judges that the subspecies has been demonstrated to have met sufficient elements of Criterion 1 to make it eligible for listing as endangered. The Committee judges that the subspecies has been demonstrated to have met sufficient elements of Criterion 2 to make it eligible for listing as critically endangered. The highest category for which the subspecies is eligible to be listed is critically endangered. 4. Taxonomy In Australia three subspecies of Miniopterus schreibersii are recognised: Miniopterus schreibersii orianae, Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis and Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii (the Southern Bent-wing Bat). The Southern Bent-wing Bat is currently recognised as a subspecies (Cardinal and Christidis 2000; Reinhold et al. 2000) and its taxonomy is accepted. 5. Description The Southern Bent-wing Bat is an insectivorous cave-dwelling bat. The subspecies has dark reddish-brown to dark-brown fur on the back, slightly lighter on the belly. It has a distinctly short muzzle and domed head.
    [Show full text]
  • A Cryptic New Species of Miniopterus from South-Eastern Africa Based on Molecular and Morphological Characters
    Zootaxa 3746 (1): 123–142 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3746.1.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A5752EDF-AB58-4FF4-B956-61D733BA07B1 A cryptic new species of Miniopterus from south-eastern Africa based on molecular and morphological characters ARA MONADJEM1,2,5, STEVEN M. GOODMAN3, WILLIAM T. STANLEY3 & BELINDA APPLETON4 1All Out Africa Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Swaziland, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, Swaziland. E-mail: [email protected] 2Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag 20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] 3Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA. E-mail: [email protected] (SMG), [email protected] (WTS) 4School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, 3216 and Department of Genetics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 5Corresponding author: All Out Africa Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Swaziland, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, Swaziland. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Resolving species limits within the genus Miniopterus has traditionally been complicated by the presence of cryptic spe- cies with overlapping morphological features. We use molecular techniques, cranio-dental characters and tragus shape to describe a new species of Miniopterus from Mozambique, M. mossambicus. Miniopterus mossambicus shows > 12% di- vergence in cytochrome-b sequence from its nearest congeners (the Malagasy M. gleni and M.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Molecular Phylogenetic and Morphological
    The Use of Molecular Phylogenetic and Morphological Tools to Identify Cryptic and Paraphyletic Species: Examples from the Diminutive Long-fingered Bats (Chiroptera: Miniopteridae: Miniopterus) on Madagascar Author(s): Steven M. Goodman, Claudette P. Maminirina, Helen M. Bradman, Les Christidis, and Belinda Appleton Source: American Museum Novitates, :1-34. Published By: American Museum of Natural History DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/652.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1206/652.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non- commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3669, 34 pp., 11 figures, 7 tables November 30, 2009 The Use of Molecular Phylogenetic and Morphological Tools to Identify Cryptic and Paraphyletic Species: Examples from the Diminutive Long-fingered Bats (Chiroptera: Miniopteridae: Miniopterus) on Madagascar STEVEN M.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Studies on the Classification of Miniopterus Schreibersii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Sequences
    Folia Zool. – 53(3): 303–311 (2004) Molecular studies on the classification of Miniopterus schreibersii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences Lanxiang TIAN1, Bing LIANG1, Kishio MAEDA2, Walter METZNER3 and Shuyi ZHANG1* 1 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 25 Beisihuanxi Road, Haidian, Beijing 100080, China; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Center for Natural Environment Education, Nara University of Education, Nara, Japan; e-mail: [email protected] 3 Department of Physiological Science, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA; e-mail: [email protected] Received 3 November 2003; Accepted 14 September 2004 A b s t r a c t . Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences have been identified in Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) from the Oriental-Australasian areas. All phylogenetic analyses indicate that the Oriental-Australasian M. schreibersii diverged from the Spanish M. schreibersii, with the mean percentage sequence differences ranging from 15.81% to 18.92% between them. A large and significant percentage sequence difference (10.91%) also separated the Chinese/Japanese specimens from the Australian specimens. Our molecular results corroborate a previous report based on morphological characters by M a e d a (1982), which suggested that Miniopterus schreibersii in Europe, Asia and Australia should be regarded as three distinct species, named Miniopterus schreibersii, M. fuliginosus and M. oceanensis. However, the specimen from Hainan should be grouped together with the other Chinese specimens in one species. The results also confirmed Appleton’s recent molecular study on Oriental-Australasian Miniopterus schreibersii. Key words: phylogeny, species status, mitochondrial DNA Introduction Schreibers’ long fingered bat, Miniopterus schreibersii, is a vespertilionid species with a very wide distribution covering southern Europe, Asia, Northern Africa, the Solomon Islands, Philippines and Northern and Eastern Australia (C o r b e t & H i l l 1980, N o w a k 1991, T a n 1992).
    [Show full text]