Archifacts October 2002
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OBJECTS OF THE ASSOCIATION The objects of the Association shall be: i. To foster the care, preservation and proper use of archives and records, both public and private, and their effective administration. ii. To arouse public awareness of the importance of records and archives and in all matters affecting their preservation and use, and to co-operate or affiliate with any other bodies in New Zealand or elsewhere with like objects. iii. To promote the training of archivists, records keepers, curators, librarians and others by the dissemination of specialised knowledge and by encouraging the provision of adequate training in the administration and conservation of archives and records. iv. To encourage research into problems connected with the use, administration and conservation of archives and records and to promote the publication of the results of this research. v. To promote the standing of archives institutions. vi. To advise and support the establishment of archives services throughout New Zealand. vii. To publish a journal at least once a year and other publications in furtherance of these objects. MEMBERSHIP Membership of the Association is open to any individual or institution interested in fostering the objects of the Association. Subscription rates are: Within New Zealand $45 (individuals) $75 (institutions) Two individuals living at the same joint address can take a joint membership $55; this entitles both to full voting rights at meetings, but only one copy of Archifacts. Overseas $75 (individuals) $95 (institutions) Applications to join the Association, membership renewals and correspondence on related matters should be addressed to: The Membership Secretary ARANZ PO Box 11-553 Manners Street Wellington New Zealand ARCHIFACTS Editor: Brad Patterson Editorial Committee: Kevin Molloy Kathryn Patterson Reviews Editor: Stuart Strachan Archifacts is published twice-yearly, in April and October. Articles and correspondence should be addressed to the Editor at: PO Box 11-553 Wellington Intending contributors should obtain a style sheet from the Editorial Committee. Articles and reviews should be submitted both in hard copy and on disk. Printed by McKenzie Thornton Cooper Ltd, Wellington. © Copyright ARANZ 2002 ISSN 0303-7940 ii ARCHIFACTS Published by the Archives and Records Association of New Zealand October Contents Editorial ν Articles Michael Piggott Aussie Rules: The Present State of Australian University Archives and Records 1 Stuart Strachan Advantage and Adventition: The Case of the Hocken Library, University of Otago, Dunedin .. 17 Kat Turner Archival Theory and Electronic Records: A Case for Pragmatism? 35 Comment Joanna Newman Services to Education: The Experience of the Wellington City Archives 47 Paddianne W. Neely Archives at the College Coalface 55 Review Article Doug Munro Looking for the Phoenix 6l Reviews Lord Chancellor's The Forty-third Annual Report of the Keeper Office of Public Records on the work of the Public Record Office and the Forty-third Report of the Advisory Council on Public Records 2001-2002 71 Archives Annual Report of Archives New Zealand for New Zealand the nine months ending 30 fune 2001 71 Second Annual Report of Archives New Zealand for the period 1 fuly 2001 to 30 fune 2002 (Stuart Strachan) 71 iii Richard Cox Archives and the Public Good. Accountability David Wallace and Records in Modern Society (eds) (John Roberts) 74 Simon Ville The Rural Entrepreneurs: A History of the Stock and Station Industry in Australia and New Zealand (Brad Patterson) 77 R.C J. Stone From Tamaki-Makau-Rau to Auckland (Jeanette Wikaira) 80 Bronwyn Dalley Living in the 20th Century: New Zealand History in Photographs 1900-1980 (Kathryn Patterson) 83 iv Editorial It's Your Journal This issue is the last to appear under the present editor. After eight years in the role, following intermittent stints as an associate and guest editor, it is time to stand down, to pass on the style book and that particular red pen. In fact, it is probably well past time. While the importance of continuity in the production of any publication should never be underestimated, there is always the risk of stasis if the same guiding hands remain at the helm for too long. As with the wider organisation, indeed all organisations, there is a constant need for reinvigoration, for the injection of new ideas and new approaches. What these ideas and approaches may be remains to be seen; they may not always sit entirely comfortably with those who have gone before, but sometimes that is the price of further development. Ultimately, Archifacts is the financial members' journal; ultimately, it is they who should decide what it should be and where it should go. As a contribution to debate, the following reflections are offered. Archifacts commenced publication in 1974, under the editorship of Stuart Strachan, as the Bulletin of the Archives Committee of the New Zealand Library Association. Necessarily unpretentious in design - it was then wholly financed, and distributed free, by the Hocken Library - the nine issues to appear to October 1976 were each of a dozen plus photocopied A4 pages, stapled in the top left hand corner. The first modest move upmarket' came in February 1977 when, still under Stuart Strachan's editorship, Archifacts was adopted as the official Bulletin' of the newly-formed ARANZ, a fresh numbering series being adopted.The most obvious manifestations of the new regime, apart from the fact that the publication was no longer distributed free of charge, was the introduction of saddle-stapled binding and card covers, although camera- ready typescript was retained. This broad format served for the next 12 years and 46 (generally) quarterly issues. Each issue was around 40 pages, the exception being those carrying conference proceedings, which could be double the normal size. The first major format change came in late 1989, at the suggestion of new editor Jane McRae and her Auckland-based support team, the catalyst being a switch to twice-yearly production, with shorter notices and comments transferred to a quarterly newsletter. The result was an altogether more elegant, finely designed 260mm χ 168mm publication, typeset on good quality paper, with at least 80 pages per issue. It was in keeping with the new format ν Archifacts of Archifacts, and the consequent ability to publish more substantial papers, that in 1992 Council accepted a further recommendation that the publication's designation be changed from Bulletin' to 'Journal'. Though technical and cost considerations have motivated further occasional changes to internal layout, paper stock and size, the most notable being reduction to A5 format in 1996, Archifacts has consistently offered scope for 60-70,000 words of archives and records related writing annually. Is this the optimum format? Not necessarily. As Jane McRae suggested over ten years ago: 'a society's journal can be anything it wants (and can afford)'. It can be an 'object of beauty', consuming a major portion of the budget and providing space for regular well- researched and written articles. Or it can be plain, make relatively moderate demands on the budget, be slight in its content, even be published only occasionally. Or it can be something in between. Again echoing Jane McRae, it all depends on how much ARANZians want to write, read and spend'. What, then, of the content over the years? Reflecting in 1995 on two decades of Archifacts, founding editor Stuart Strachan was of the view that 'despite the inevitable changes wrought by time and maturity, . [the publication's] . content, and the concerns expressed in it . [had] . remained remarkably constant'. Throughout, editorials had reflected 'current preoccupations'. The major change, he felt, was that articles had become far more substantial in all respects, even commentaries and reviews lengthening. The content as whole should be considered a 'richly-textured record of archives in New Zealand over two decades'. Those were essentially impressionistic observations, but in 1998 Victoria University MLIS student Nancy-Anne Bakker subjected Archifacts to more extended and scientific scrutiny. In her content analysis of the journal between 1977-1996, she sought 'to measure and identify the state of New Zealand's archives profession' through the type, authorship and sophistication of articles. She also endeavoured to establish whether ARANZ's broad-based constituency had significantly influenced the content of its journal. All contributions were classified in five-year blocks, according to article type (research report, service report, commentary, book review) and author type (practitioner, vocational user, avocational user, other). Bakker came up with a number of interesting findings. From the outset there had been a weighting towards short articles - opinion pieces, notes. Although the 1990 change of format had facilitated the submission of more substantial research papers, there was no immediate appreciable upsurge in the publication of such pieces. The most popular topics over the full 20 years had been accounts of historical research, reports on repositories and their vi Editorial holdings, and commentary on education, training and professional development. From the late 1980s, however, generalist articles on research and repositories had fallen away, as had articles on special format archives and records. Instead, in the 1990s, more papers on archives policy and core archival functions appeared. Articles on records management tended to fluctuate, probably