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Medical School
Medical School Texas A&M Professional School Advising can advise you realistically on whether you are a competitive applicant for admission to medical school, however only you can decide if medical school is truly what you want to do. One way to explore your interest is to gain exposure by volunteering and shadowing in the different healthcare professions we advise for. You can also observe or shadow a physician and talk to professionals in the different fields of healthcare. Another way is to read information about professional schools and medicine as a career and to join one of the campus pre-health organizations. What type of major looks best? Many applicants believe that medical schools want science majors or that certain programs prefer liberal arts majors. In actuality medical schools have no preference in what major you choose as long as you do well and complete the pre-requisite requirements. Texas A&M does not have a pre-medical academic track which is why we suggest that you choose a major that leads to what you would select as an alternative career. The reason for this line of logic is that you generally do better in a major you are truly passionate and interested in and in return is another great way to determine whether medicine is the right choice. Plus an alternative career provides good insurance if you should happen to change direction or postpone entry. Texas A&M University offers extensive and exciting majors to choose from in eleven diverse colleges. If your chosen major does not include the prerequisite courses in its curriculum, you must complete the required courses mentioned below either as science credit hours or elective credit hours. -
Course-Catalog.Pdf
2020-2021 SCHOOL OF MEDICINE COURSE CATALOG 1 Introduction The School of Medicine Student Course Catalog is a reference for medical and academic health students and others regarding the administrative policies, rules and regulations of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine. In addition, the Student Handbook contains policies and procedures for areas such as admissions, academic and professional standards, progress and promotion, financial aid, student organizations, disability insurance, academic and personal counseling, and student health. It is the responsibility of each student enrolled in the Emory University School of Medicine programs to understand and abide by the regulations and policies within the course catalog, student handbook, and within Emory University. Accreditation Statement Emory University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award associate, baccalaureate, master, education specialist, doctorate and professional degrees. Contact the Commission on Colleges at 1866 Southern Lane, Decatur, Georgia 30033-4097 or call 404-679-4500 for questions about the accreditation of Emory. Nondiscrimination Statement Emory University is an inquiry-driven, ethically engaged, and diverse community dedicated to the ideals of free academic discourse in teaching, scholarship, and community service. Emory University abides by the values of academic freedom and is built on the assumption that contention among different views is positive and necessary for the expansion of knowledge, both for the University itself and as a training ground for society at large. Emory is committed to the widest possible scope for the free circulation of ideas. The University is committed to maintaining an environment that is free of unlawful harassment and discrimination. -
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection Is Driven by Nonprotective Immune Cells That Are Distinct from Protective Populations
Pathology after Chlamydia trachomatis infection is driven by nonprotective immune cells that are distinct from protective populations Rebeccah S. Lijeka,b,1, Jennifer D. Helblea, Andrew J. Olivea,c, Kyra W. Seigerb, and Michael N. Starnbacha,1 aDepartment of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 01075; and cDepartment of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605 Edited by Rafi Ahmed, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, and approved December 27, 2017 (received for review June 23, 2017) Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis drives severe mucosal immu- sequence identity, Chlamydia muridarum, the extent to which the nopathology; however, the immune responses that are required for molecular pathogenesis of C. muridarum represents that of Ct is mediating pathology vs. protection are not well understood. Here, unknown (6). Ct serovar L2 (Ct L2) is capable of infecting the we employed a mouse model to identify immune responses re- mouse upper genital tract when inoculated across the cervix into quired for C. trachomatis-induced upper genital tract pathology the uterus (7, 8) but it does not induce robust immunopathology. and to determine whether these responses are also required for This is consistent with the human disease phenotype caused by Ct L2, bacterial clearance. In mice as in humans, immunopathology was which disseminates to the lymph nodes causing lymphogranuloma characterized by extravasation of leukocytes into the upper genital venereum (LGV) and is not a major cause of mucosal immunopa- thology in the female upper genital tract (uterus and ovaries). tract that occluded luminal spaces in the uterus and ovaries. -
Curriculum Inventory (CI) Glossary Last Updated 11/30/2020 1 © 2020 Association of American Medical Colleges
Curriculum Inventory (CI) Glossary This glossary lists and defines terms commonly used for the AAMC CI program. This CI Glossary is intended for use by schools for curriculum occurring between July 1, 2020 -June 30, 2021, for upload to the AAMC in August 2021. Contents Concepts Related to CI Content...................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Academic level and academic year................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Academic level............................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Current academic year ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Previous academic year ............................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Events.................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Events ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ -
Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology 531
Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology 531 Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology Interim Chairperson: Zaatari, Ghazi Vice Chairperson: Matar, Ghassan Professors: Abdelnoor, Alexander; Khouri, Samia; Matar, Ghassan; Sayegh, Mohamed; Zaatari, Ghazi Associate Professor: Rahal, Elias Assistant Professors: Al-Awar, Ghassan; El Hajj, Hiba; Shirinian, Margret; Zaraket, Hassan The Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology offers courses to medical laboratory sciences (MLSP) students as well as nursing, medical, and graduate students. It offers a graduate program (discipline of Microbiology and Immunology) leading to a master’s degree (MS) or doctoral degree (PhD) in Biomedical sciences. The requirements for admission to the graduate program are stated on page 33 of this catalogue. IDTH 203 The immune System in Health and Disease 37.28; 3 cr. See Interdepartmental Courses. IDTH 205 Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 37.28; 5 cr. See Interdepartmental Courses. MBIM 223 Parasitology for MLSP Students 39.39; 4 cr. Second semester. MBIM 237 Microbiology and Immunology for Nursing Degree Students 32.64; 3 cr. A course on the fundamental aspects of medical microbiology and immunology for nursing students. Second semester. MBIM 260 Elective in Infectious Diseases for Medicine III and IV 0.180 A course on basic evaluation, diagnosis, and management of infectious diseases. One month. MBIM 261 Elective in Immunology for Medicine III and IV 0.180 A course that is an introduction to immunological research and its application to clinical practice. One month. MBIM 310 Basic Immunology 32.32; 3 cr. A course on innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, infection and immunity, vaccination, immune mechanisms in tissue injury and therapeutic immunology. -
Prerequisites for 9 Medical Schools in Texas
Requirements update: Oct. 2011 PREREQUISITES FOR 9 MEDICAL SCHOOLS IN TEXAS Course Names BCM TAMUHSC TTUHSC UNT (osteopathic UTHSC UTHSCSA UTMB UTSW TTUHSC medicine) Houston College Station Lubbock Houston San Antonio Galveston Dallas El Paso Forth Worth 1 General Biology 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. Advanced or 6 hrs. 6 hrs.2 6 hrs. 6 hrs. 6 hrs.3 6 hrs.4 8 hrs. 6 hrs.5 other Biology General 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. Chemistry Organic 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. Chemistry 6 Recommended Recommended Now required and Recommended Recommended Now required and Recommended Recommended Recommended Biochemistry may be used toward may be used toward (cannot be introductory course) fulfilling Bio. Sciences fulfilling Bio. Sciences Physics Not 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. 8 hrs. required *Calculus or Neither 3 hrs. of 3 hrs. of 3 hrs. of Neither 3 hrs. of 3 hrs. 3 hrs. 3 hrs. Statistics required statistics statistics statistics required statistics (calculus cannot (Calculus cannot Calculus cannot (Calculus cannot replace stats.) replace stats.) replace stats.) replace stats.) English 6 hrs. 6 hrs. 6 hrs. 6 hrs. 6 hrs. 6 hrs. 6 hrs.7 6 hrs. 6 hrs. General Applicants must have completed a minimum of 90 semester hours at an accredited university. Courses for non-science majors are not accepted. -
Deciphering the Triad of Infection, Immunity and Pathology
INSIGHT DISEASE Deciphering the triad of infection, immunity and pathology The factors which drive and control disease progression can be inferred from mathematical models that integrate measures of immune responses, data from tissue sampling and markers of infection dynamics. FREDERIK GRAW immune actors in the body. Now, in eLife, Related research article Myers MA, Smith Amber Smith and colleagues at St. Jude Child- AP, Lane LC, Moquin DJ, Aogo R, Woolard ren’s Research Hospital, the University of Ten- S, Thomas P, Vogel P, Smith AM. 2021. nessee Health Science Center and the Dynamically linking influenza virus infection Washington University School of Medicine – kinetics, lung injury, inflammation, and dis- including Margaret Myers and Amanda Smith as ease severity. eLife 10:e68864. doi: 10. joing first authors – report how viral infection, 7554/eLife.68864 counteracting immune responses and lung pathology interact as mice fight off influenza A (Myers et al., 2021). First, the team tracked how viral load and the number of CD8+ T cells, an important immune fever, a cough, a splitting headache... actor that helps to clear infected cells, pro- Being sick often comes with tell-tale gressed over time. In combination with mathe- A signs which worsen as the disease pro- matical models, these measurements allowed gresses and tissues become damaged. These Myers et al. to estimate several parameters that symptoms result from complex interactions reflect the pace at which the virus replicates, the between the infecting pathogen, the inflamma- strength of the immune response, and the inter- tion process, and the response from the immune actions between these processes. -
Functions and Structure of a Medical School: Standards
FUNCTIONS AND STRUCTURE OF A MEDICAL SCHOOL Standards for Accreditation of Medical Education Programs Leading to the M.D. Degree March 2014 Standards and Elements Effective July 1, 2015 Functions and Structure of a Medical School March 2014 Functions and Structure of a Medical School Standards for Accreditation of Medical Education Programs Leading to the M.D. Degree © Copyright March 2014, Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME®). All material subject to this copyright may be photocopied for the noncommercial purpose of scientific or educational advancement, with citation. LCME® is a registered trademark of the Association of American Medical Colleges and the American Medical Association LCME® Page ii Functions and Structure of a Medical School March 2014 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………..iv Standard 1: Mission, Planning, Organization, and Integrity……………………………………………………….1 Standard 2: Leadership and Administration………………………………………………………………………..3 Standard 3: Academic and Learning Environments………………………………………………………………..4 Standard 4: Faculty Preparation, Productivity, Participation, and Policies………………………………………...6 Standard 5: Educational Resources and Infrastructure……………………………………………………………..7 Standard 6: Competencies, Curricular Objectives, and Curricular Design ………………………………………. 9 Standard 7: Curricular Content……………………………………………………………………………………11 Standard 8: Curricular Management, Evaluation, and Enhancement……………………………………………..14 Standard 9: Teaching, Supervision, Assessment, and Student and Patient Safety………………………………..16 -
Overview of Pathology and Its Related Disciplines - Soheir Mahmoud Mahfouz
MEDICAL SCIENCES – Vol.I -Overview of Pathology and its Related Disciplines - Soheir Mahmoud Mahfouz OVERVIEW OF PATHOLOGY AND ITS RELATED DISCIPLINES Soheir Mahmoud Mahfouz Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy Hospital, Egypt Keywords: Pathology, Pathology disciplines, Pathology techniques, Ancillary diagnostic methods, General Pathology, Special Pathology Contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Pathology coverage 1.1.1 Etiology and Pathogenesis of a Disease 1.1.2 Manifestations of Disease (Lesions) 1.1.3 Phases Of A Disease Process (Course) 1.2 Physician’s approach to patient 1.3 Types of pathologists and affiliated specialties 1.4 Role of pathologist 2. Pathology and its related disciplines 2.1 Cytology 2.1.1 Cytology Samples 2.1.2 Technical Aspects 2.1.3 Examination of Sample and Diagnosis 3. Pathology techniques and ancillary diagnostic methods 3.1 Macroscopic pathology 3.2 Light Microscopy 3.3 Polarizing light microscopy 3.4 Electron microscopy (EM) 3.5 Confocal Microscopy 3.6 Frozen section 3.7 Cyto/histochemistry 3.8 Immunocyto/histochemical methods 3.9 Molecular and genetic methods of diagnosis 3.10 Quantitative methods 4. Types of tests used in pathology 4.1 DiagnosticUNESCO tests – EOLSS 4.2 Quantitative tests 4.3 Prognostic tests 5. The scope of SAMPLEpathology & its main divisions CHAPTERS 6. Conclusions Glossary Bibliography Biographical sketch Summary Pathology is the science of disease. It deals with deviations from normal body function and ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) MEDICAL SCIENCES – Vol.I -Overview of Pathology and its Related Disciplines - Soheir Mahmoud Mahfouz structure. Many disciplines are involved in the study of disease, as it is necessary to understand the complex causes and effects of various disorders that affect the organs and body as a whole. -
Health Science
Public Services Endorsement: Health Science Endorsement General Description: Each school district must make available courses that allow a student to complete the curriculum requirements for at least one endorsement. A Health Science-Related Courses school district that offers only one endorsement curriculum must offer the multidisciplinary studies endorsement curriculum. Heath Science Career Cluster Principles of Health Science A school district defines advanced courses and determines a coherent Medical Terminology sequence of courses for an endorsement area, provided that prerequisites Heath Science are followed. Practicum in Health Science A course completed as part of the set of four courses needed to satisfy an *Anatomy and Physiology endorsement requirement may also satisfy a requirement under the *Medical Microbiology foundation high school program, including an elective requirement. *Pathophysiology (science credit) World Health Research Course Offerings Human Services Career Cluster Each school district must offer and maintain evidence that students have Lifetime Nutrition and Wellness the opportunity to take coherent sequences of courses selected from at Counseling and Mental Health least three of the sixteen CTE career clusters. A student may earn an endorsement by successfully completing: STEM Career Cluster Biotechnology • course requirements for the foundation high school 22 credits *Advanced Biotechnology program *Scientific Research and Design • an additional credit in mathematics 1 credit • 1 credit an additional credit in science Innovative Courses • two additional electives 2 credits Medical Biotechnology II • curriculum requirements for the endorsement Dosage Calculations TOTAL 26 credits Mathematics for Medical Professionals Public Services Endorsement Curriculum Requirements: A student must complete one of the following: *satisfies science credit requirement for graduation (1) a coherent sequence of courses for four or more credits in CTE. -
Medical School Admissions Requirements
MEDICAL SCHOOL ADMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS ALABAMA School Required Recommended Notes UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA Biol**, Gen. Chem.** (see notes), Engl***, Biochem. Applicants awarded AP credit for chemistry are SCHOOL OF MEDICINE Math*, Organic Chem., Physics* expected to complete a chemistry course sequence that includes biochemistry. Applicants awarded college credit for AP calculus courses may receive 3 hours credit toward meeting the minimum requirement. Applicants awarded AP credit for Biol are expected to complete 8 hours or more of advanced biology coursework. A 4---semester chem sequence of Gen. Chem., Organic Chem., and Biochem. is also acceptable for satisfying the Chem. prerequisite requirement. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH Biol.*, Gen. Chem.*, Engl*, Math*, Biochem, Calculus, Comp. Sci, ALABAMA COLLEGE OF Humanities*, Organic Chem*, Physics* Genetics MEDICINE ARIZONA School Required Recommended Notes UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Biol**, Gen. Chem.**, Engl, Organic Chem.** Soc/Behavioral Sci., Biostats, Students may take 2 semesters of Organic Chem. or COLLEGE OF MEDICINE (See Notes), Physics** Second Lang. 1 semester of Organic and 1 semester of Biochem. UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Behavioral/Soc. Sci.*, Biochem, Biol, (See One Gen. Chem. and one Biochem course required. COLLEGE OF MEDICINE – notes,) Gen. Chem.*, Engl*, One course Biol requirement includes one course in Physiology, PHOENIX from Stats* Biostats, or Math*, and 2 additional advanced Biol. courses. Humanities* Math must be above Algebra level to satisfy the Math/Stats requirement For the number of hours required for prerequisite courses, and for the most up---to---date information, please refer to the individual school websites. * A.P. credit satisfies the requirement. 1 ** When A.P. credit is awarded, upper---level coursework in the same subject area is required. -
Glossary of Terms Related to Patient and Medication Safety
Committee of Experts on Management of Safety and Quality in Health Care (SP-SQS) Expert Group on Safe Medication Practices Glossary of terms related to patient and medication safety Terms Definitions Comments A R P B and translations and references and synonyms accident accident : an unplanned, unexpected, and undesired event, usually with adverse “For many years safety officials and public health authorities have Xconsequences (Senders, 1994). discouraged use of the word "accident" when it refers to injuries or the French : accident events that produce them. An accident is often understood to be Spanish : accidente unpredictable -a chance occurrence or an "act of God"- and therefore German : Unfall unavoidable. However, most injuries and their precipitating events are Italiano : incidente predictable and preventable. That is why the BMJ has decided to ban the Slovene : nesreča word accident. (…) Purging a common term from our lexicon will not be easy. "Accident" remains entrenched in lay and medical discourse and will no doubt continue to appear in manuscripts submitted to the BMJ. We are asking our editors to be vigilant in detecting and rejecting inappropriate use of the "A" word, and we trust that our readers will keep us on our toes by alerting us to instances when "accidents" slip through.” (Davis & Pless, 2001) active error X X active error : an error associated with the performance of the ‘front-line’ operator of Synonym : sharp-end error French : erreur active a complex system and whose effects are felt almost immediately. (Reason, 1990, This definition has been slightly modified by the Institute of Medicine : “an p.173) error that occurs at the level of the frontline operator and whose effects are Spanish : error activo felt almost immediately.” (Kohn, 2000) German : aktiver Fehler Italiano : errore attivo Slovene : neposredna napaka see also : error active failure active failures : actions or processes during the provision of direct patient care that Since failure is a term not defined in the glossary, its use is not X recommended.