DOCSLIB.ORG

Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Contemporary Subsistence Harvest of Non-Salmon Fish in the Koyukuk River Drainage, Alaska

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Contemporary Subsistence Harvest of Non-Salmon Fish in the Koyukuk River Drainage, Alaska Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Contemporary Subsistence Harvest of Non-Salmon Fish in the Koyukuk River Drainage, Alaska by David B. Andersen1, Caroline L. Brown2, Robert J. Walker2 and Kimberly Elkin3 Technical Paper No. 282 1Research North° 2Alaska Department of Fish and Game 3Tanana Chiefs Conference Fairbanks, Alaska Division of Subsistence Fairbanks, Alaska May 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................... v INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 OBJECTIVES................................................................................................................................. 7 METHODS ..................................................................................................................................... 8 Collection of TEK ........................................................................................................................ 8 Collection of Harvest Data........................................................................................................ 13 Sampling Goals ...................................................................................................................... 14 Pre-fieldwork Training Session.............................................................................................. 15 Data Collection Phase ............................................................................................................ 15 RESULTS OF THE TEK COMPONENT.................................................................................... 16 Regional Overview of Koyukuk River Fishing Methods and Gear ........................................... 16 The Use of Fish Traps ............................................................................................................ 17 The Use of Nets...................................................................................................................... 25 The Use of Hook and Line ..................................................................................................... 31 Native Names and Taxonomy of Non-Salmon Fish................................................................... 32 Species Summaries .................................................................................................................... 35 Alaska Blackfish (Oonyeeyh)................................................................................................. 36 Arctic Grayling (Tleghelbaaye) ............................................................................................. 45 Burbot (Tl’eghes or Ts’oneye)................................................................................................ 52 Longnose Sucker (Toonts’ode) .............................................................................................. 63 Northern Pike (K’oolkkoye) ................................................................................................... 69 Sheefish (Ledlaaghe or Nedlaaghe)....................................................................................... 82 Whitefish (Ts’oł) .................................................................................................................... 89 Miscellaneous Other Fish..................................................................................................... 107 RESULTS OF THE 2002 HARVEST SURVEY....................................................................... 112 Overview of Current State and Federal Fishing Regulations ................................................. 113 Drainage-wide Harvest Overview........................................................................................... 114 Non-Salmon Harvests by Residents of Koyukuk...................................................................... 115 Non-Salmon Harvests by Residents of Huslia ......................................................................... 117 Non-Salmon Harvests by Residents of Hughes........................................................................ 118 Non-Salmon Harvests by Residents of Allakaket..................................................................... 120 Non-Salmon Harvests by Residents of Alatna ......................................................................... 121 Non-Salmon Harvests by Residents of Bettles/Evansville ....................................................... 122 DISCUSSION............................................................................................................................. 137 Implications for Fisheries Management.................................................................................. 142 CONCLUSIONS......................................................................................................................... 144 RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................................................................ 146 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................................ 149 LITERATURE CITED ............................................................................................................... 151 i LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Map of Koyukuk River Drainage……………………………………………………..2 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Name and Age of Respondents by Community................................................................ 9 Table 2. Community Sampling and Participation Rates............................................................... 14 Table 3. Native language terms for various non-salmon fish species in the Koyukuk River drainage .................................................................................................................................. 34 Table 4. Estimated Pounds of Non-salmon fish Harvested in Koyukuk River Communities, 2002...................................................................................................................................... 124 Table 5. Estimated Harvest and Use of Fish, Koyukuk, 2002.................................................... 125 Table 6. Estimated Harvest of Non-salmon Fish by Month, Koyukuk, 2002. ........................... 126 Table 7. Estimated Harvest and Use of Fish, Huslia, 2002. ....................................................... 127 Table 8. Estimated Harvest of Non-salmon Fish by Month, Huslia, 2002................................. 128 Table 9. Estimated Harvest and Use of Fish, Hughes, 2002....................................................... 129 Table 10. Estimated Harvest of Non-salmon Fish by Month, Hughes, 2002. ............................ 130 Table 11. Estimated Harvest and Use of Fish, Allakaket, 2002. ................................................ 131 Table 12. Estimated Harvest of Non-salmon Fish by Month, Allakaket, 2002.......................... 132 Table 13. Estimated Harvest and Use of Fish, Alatna, 2002. ..................................................... 133 Table 14. Estimated Harvest of Non-salmon Fish by Month, Alatna, 2002............................... 134 Table 15. Estimated Harvest and Use of Fish, Bettles/Evansville, 2002.................................... 135 Table 16. Estimated Harvest of Non-salmon Fish by Month, Bettles/Evansville 2002. ............ 136 LIST OF PLATES Plate 1. Koyukuk fisherman Benedict Jones (center) maps fishing areas with researchers Dave Andersen (left) and Stanley Ned (right). Photo by Caroline Brown...................................... 11 Plate 2. Koyukuk River elder Celia Beetus, interviewed at her home in Hughes, January 2002. Photo by Dave Andersen........................................................................................................ 13 Plate 3. Traditional Koyukon fishtraps consisted of a tapered basket approximately 10 feet in length with a funnel-shaped entrance cone. An unidentified man constructs a fishtrap at Nulato in 1914. Drawing (archival image 502.6) and photo (archival image 510.10) by Jules Jetté and used with the permission of the Jesuit Oregon Province Archives, Gonzaga University............................................................................................................................... 18 ii Plate 4. Koyukuk elder Andrew Edwin (left) explains the setting of a wire-mesh blackfish trap to researcher Dave Andersen. Photo by Caroline Brown........................................................... 22 Plate 5. Sketch of an under-ice burbot trap (above) and entrance funnel detail (below). From interview notes with Steven Attla of Huslia and Henry Beatus of Hughes. .......................... 24 Plate 6. A fisherman pulls pike from his gillnet set in an ice-free channel of the Koyukuk River. Photo by Dave Andersen........................................................................................................ 25 Plate 7. A seine net is retrieved on an Alatna River gravel bar, October 2003. Photo by Dave Andersen................................................................................................................................. 29 Plate 8. Sketch of a traditional Koyukon dipnet or 'etl. From interview notes with Benedict and Eliza Jones of Koyukuk.........................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ecological Distribution of Spawning Sockeye Salmon in Three Lateral Streams, Brooks Lake, Alaska David Townsend Hoopes Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1962 Ecological distribution of spawning sockeye salmon in three lateral streams, Brooks Lake, Alaska David Townsend Hoopes Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Hoopes, David Townsend, "Ecological distribution of spawning sockeye salmon in three lateral streams, Brooks Lake, Alaska " (1962). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 2052. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/2052 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 62-4154 microfilmed exactly as received HOOPES, David Townsend, 1932— ECO LOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SPAWNING SOCKEYE SALMON IN THREE LATERAL STREAMS, BROOKS LAKE, ALASKA. Iowa State University of Science and Technology Ph.D., 1962 Zoology University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SPAWNING SOGKEYE SALMON IN THREE LATERAL STREAMS, BROOKS LAKE, ALASKA by. David Townsend Hoopes A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY c , Major Subject: Fishery Biology Approved
    [Show full text]
  • The Ecology and Management of the European Grayling Thymallus Thymallus (Linnaeus)
    The ecology and management of the European grayling Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus). Interim report Item Type monograph Authors Ingram, A.; Ibbotson, A.; Gallagher, M. Publisher Institute of Freshwater Ecology Download date 03/10/2021 22:03:11 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/24874 The Ecology and Management of the European Grayling Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus) Interim Report Ingram A Ibbotson A Gallagher M The Ecology and Management of the European Grayling Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus) Interim Report Ingram A Ibbotson A Gallagher M INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS CONFIDENTIALITY STATEMENT 'In accordance with our normal practice, this report is for the use only of the party to whom it is addressed, and no responsibility is accepted to any third party for the whole or any part of its contents. Neither the whole nor any part of this report or any reference thereto may be included in any published document, circular or statement, nor published or referred to in any way without our written approval of the form and context in which it may appear.' 11 CHAPTER 1 1 Overall aim A collaborative research and development project between the Institute of Freshwater Ecology and the Environment Agency in the UK, to review the ecology, status and management of grayling in order to provide recommendations for future management of grayling fisheries in England and Wales. 2 Objectives • To review grayling ecology, status and management practice in concentrating on England and Wales but including published literature from Europe and North America, where appropriate. • To recommend best management practices on the basis of objective 1 and produce a guidance leaflet for internal and external circulation which promotes the key issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Burbot Management Plan
    BURBOT MANAGEMENT PLAN DEPARTMENT OF INLAND FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE DIVISION OF FISHERIES AND HATCHERIES PREPARED BY SCOTT A. ROY ASSISTANT REGIONAL FISHERIES BIOLOGIST REGION E MARCH 2001 BURBOT LIFE HISTORY The burbot, Lota lota (Linnaeus), is a unique member of the cod family. It is the only species in the family, which spends its entire life in fresh water. However, the burbot is similar to its marine relatives in that its distribution is circumpolar. It can be found in cool, fresh waters throughout northern Europe, Asia and North America. In North America its range extends as far south as the northern tier of States across the United States. In Maine, the burbot is commonly known as the cusk, although in other areas it is also called the ling, eelpout, loche and lawyer. Unlike the salmonids and Maine’s other coldwater species, the burbot is not noted for its grace and beauty. The body is elongate, almost eel-shaped, with long, soft-rayed dorsal and anal fins that meet a rounded tail. Although it is smooth and slimy to the touch, the skin is embedded with very small, cycloid scales. The head of the burbot is broad and somewhat flattened. It has a large mouth containing several rows of small teeth on the jaws. A single, whisker-like barbell protrudes from the tip of the chin. There are no obvious external differences between males and females. In general, adults are olive brown to dark brown on the back and sides. This background is overlaid with distinctive patterns of dark brown or black markings and spots.
    [Show full text]
  • Edna Assay Development
    Environmental DNA assays available for species detection via qPCR analysis at the U.S.D.A Forest Service National Genomics Center for Wildlife and Fish Conservation (NGC). Asterisks indicate the assay was designed at the NGC. This list was last updated in June 2021 and is subject to change. Please contact [email protected] with questions. Family Species Common name Ready for use? Mustelidae Martes americana, Martes caurina American and Pacific marten* Y Castoridae Castor canadensis American beaver Y Ranidae Lithobates catesbeianus American bullfrog Y Cinclidae Cinclus mexicanus American dipper* N Anguillidae Anguilla rostrata American eel Y Soricidae Sorex palustris American water shrew* N Salmonidae Oncorhynchus clarkii ssp Any cutthroat trout* N Petromyzontidae Lampetra spp. Any Lampetra* Y Salmonidae Salmonidae Any salmonid* Y Cottidae Cottidae Any sculpin* Y Salmonidae Thymallus arcticus Arctic grayling* Y Cyrenidae Corbicula fluminea Asian clam* N Salmonidae Salmo salar Atlantic Salmon Y Lymnaeidae Radix auricularia Big-eared radix* N Cyprinidae Mylopharyngodon piceus Black carp N Ictaluridae Ameiurus melas Black Bullhead* N Catostomidae Cycleptus elongatus Blue Sucker* N Cichlidae Oreochromis aureus Blue tilapia* N Catostomidae Catostomus discobolus Bluehead sucker* N Catostomidae Catostomus virescens Bluehead sucker* Y Felidae Lynx rufus Bobcat* Y Hylidae Pseudocris maculata Boreal chorus frog N Hydrocharitaceae Egeria densa Brazilian elodea N Salmonidae Salvelinus fontinalis Brook trout* Y Colubridae Boiga irregularis Brown tree snake*
    [Show full text]
  • Sport-Fish-Identification.Pdf
    Walleye Walleye have two distinct fins on their back, the first with large spines. Lake Sturgeon They have a yellow-olive back, brassy, silvery sides with yellow spots, a white underside, and white on the lower lobe of the tail. Dusky vertical Lake Sturgeon are a Threatened Species due to population size and bars are often found on the body as well. concerns with viability. Lake Sturgeon have a large brown or grey body covered with tough, leather- like tissue and five rows of bony plates. They have a shark-like, upturned tail and a pointed snout with four barbels. Sauger Lake Whitefish are olive-green to blue on the back, with silvery sides.They Sauger are a Threatened Species due to hybridization, habitat Lakehave a small Whitefish mouth below a rounded snout, and a deeply forked tail. degradation and overharvest. Sauger are golden olive on the back with silver-yellow sides and a white underside. They also have a large spiny dorsal fin, distinct rows of spots on the dorsal fins and three or four dusky vertical bars on the body. Mountain Whitefish have large scales, no spots and small mouths with no Burbot Mountainteeth. Their general Whitefish body colour is a bronze-white or greenish white. Burbot have a slim, brownish black body with smooth skin, a flattened head, and a fin that stretches along the back half of the body. Distinctive barbels hang from the lower jaw and nostrils. Goldeye Northern Pike Goldeye have prominent eyes with bright yellow pupils, a blunt head, and Northern Pike are a long, slender fish with duck-like jaws and a long, flat a deep, compressed body.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Coastal Water Resources and Watershed Conditions at Katmai National Park and Preserve (Alaska)
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resources Program Center Assessment of Coastal Water Resources and Watershed Conditions at Katmai National Park and Preserve (Alaska) Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NRWRD/NRTR—2007/372 Cover photo: Glacier emerging from the slopes of Mt Douglas toward the Katmai coastline. August 2005. Photo: S.Nagorski 2 Assessment of Coastal Water Resources and Watershed Conditions at Katmai National Park and Preserve (Alaska) Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NRWRD/NRTR-2007/372 Sonia Nagorski Environmental Science Program University of Alaska Southeast Juneau, AK 99801 Ginny Eckert Biology Program University of Alaska Southeast Juneau, AK 99801 Eran Hood Environmental Science Program University of Alaska Southeast Juneau, AK 99801 Sanjay Pyare Environmental Science Program University of Alaska Southeast Juneau, AK 99801 This report was prepared under Task Order J9W88050014 of the Pacific Northwest Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit (agreement CA90880008) Water Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center 1201 Oakridge Drive, Suite 250 Fort Collins, CO 80525 June 2007 U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 3 The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. The Natural Resource Technical Reports series is used to disseminate the peer-reviewed results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service’s mission.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Conservation of Mudminnow Species Worldwide
    FEATURE Ecology and Conservation of Mudminnow Species Worldwide Lauren M. Kuehne Ecología y conservación a nivel mundial School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 de los lucios RESUMEN: en este trabajo, se revisa y resume la ecología Julian D. Olden y estado de conservación del grupo de peces comúnmente School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box conocido como “lucios” (anteriormente conocidos como 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, and Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith Uni- la familia Umbridae, pero recientemente reclasificados en versity, QLD, 4111, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] la Esocidae) los cuales se constituyen de sólo cinco espe- cies distribuidas en tres continentes. Estos peces de cuerpo ABSTRACT: We review and summarize the ecology and con- pequeño —que viven en hábitats de agua dulce y presentan servation status of the group of fishes commonly known as movilidad limitada— suelen presentar poblaciones aisla- “mudminnows” (formerly known as the family Umbridae but das a lo largo de distintos paisajes y son sujetos a las típi- recently reclassified as Esocidae), consisting of only five species cas amenazas que enfrentan las especies endémicas que distributed on three continents. These small-bodied fish—resid- se encuentran en contacto directo con los impactos antro- ing in freshwater habitats and exhibiting limited mobility—often pogénicos como la contaminación, alteración de hábitat occur in isolated populations across landscapes and are subject e introducción de especies no nativas. Aquí se resume el to conservation threats common to highly endemic species in conocimiento actual acerca de la distribución, relaciones close contact with anthropogenic impacts, such as pollution, filogenéticas, ecología y estado de conservación de cada habitat alteration, and nonnative species introductions.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Traditional Place Names Along the Koyukuk River—Koyukuk
    Mapping Traditional Place Names along the Koyukuk River— Koyukuk, Huslia, and Hughes, Western Interior Alaska Introduction Koyukon Athabascan peoples have settled along the Koyukuk River in Western Interior Alaska for thousands of years using the surrounding landscape for subsistence and cultural resources. However, recent changes in climate, technology, resource availability, and way of life have affected land-use patterns in the region, as well as use of the Denaakk'e (Koyukon) language. The current Koyukon population is about 2,300, and about 150 still speak the language (the youngest of whom are in their fifties). In addition, Elders, important keepers of both language and traditional subsistence-use areas, are aging, and opportunities to record their knowledge are diminishing. “If place names are left undocumented then the owners and history of those places remain invisible. Place names provide clear evidence of land use and demonstrate Native presence in an area” Study area map representing the 366 spatially verified place names along the Koyukuk River from Koyukuk to Hughes. Gary Holton, Director of the Alaska Native Language Archive, Alaska Native Language Center Project Goals The goals of the place names project are to collect, preserve, cultivate, and pass on the rich knowledge and culture of the Koyukon people with regards to traditional place names and subsistence-use areas along the Koyukuk River in the villages of Koyukuk, Huslia, and Hughes. Place names provide important information regarding navigation, resource availability, cultural history, land ownership, and changes in land use. Archiving information of this nature assists in passing local and traditional knowledge to subsequent generations.
    [Show full text]
  • 1998 Fishing in Washington Regulations Pamphlet
    STATE OF WASHINGTON 19981998 pamphletpamphlet editionedition FISHINGFISHING ININ WASHINGTONWASHINGTON Effective from May 1, 1998, to April 30, 1999, both dates inclusive. Contents INFORMATION Commission and Director Message .... 4 Information Phone Numbers .................................... 6 How to use this pamphlet ..................... 7 ? page 6 GENERAL RULES License Information .............................. 8 License Requirements ......................... 9 License & General Rules Definitions ...................................... 10-11 General Rules ................................ 12-13 page 8 MARINE AREA RULES Marine Area Rules ............................... 14 Marine Area Rules Marine Area Map and Definitions ........ 15 Marine Area Rules & Maps............. 17-39 Salmon ID Pictures ............................. 16 page 17 Selected Marine Fish ID Pictures ........ 40 SHELLFISH/SEAWEED RULES Shellfish/Seaweed Rules Shellfish/Seaweed General Rules ...... 41 Shellfish ID Pictures ............................ 42 page 41 Shellfish/Seaweed Rules .............. 43-51 FRESHWATER RULES Statewide General Statewide Freshwater Rules.......... 52-54 Freshwater Rules page 52 SPECIAL RULES Westside Rivers ............................. 55-85 Selected Game Fish ID Pictures.... 61-62 Special Rules W SPECIAL RULES Westside Rivers page 55 Westside Lakes ............................. 86-96 Westside Lakes Access Areas ........... 96 W Special Rules SPECIAL RULES Eastside Rivers ............................ 97-108 Westside Lakes page 85 Eastside
    [Show full text]
  • Alaska Park Science 19(1): Arctic Alaska Are Living at the Species’ Northern-Most to Identify Habitats Most Frequented by Bears and 4-9
    National Park Service US Department of the Interior Alaska Park Science Region 11, Alaska Below the Surface Fish and Our Changing Underwater World Volume 19, Issue 1 Noatak National Preserve Cape Krusenstern Gates of the Arctic Alaska Park Science National Monument National Park and Preserve Kobuk Valley Volume 19, Issue 1 National Park June 2020 Bering Land Bridge Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve National Preserve Denali National Wrangell-St Elias National Editorial Board: Park and Preserve Park and Preserve Leigh Welling Debora Cooper Grant Hilderbrand Klondike Gold Rush Jim Lawler Lake Clark National National Historical Park Jennifer Pederson Weinberger Park and Preserve Guest Editor: Carol Ann Woody Kenai Fjords Managing Editor: Nina Chambers Katmai National Glacier Bay National National Park Design: Nina Chambers Park and Preserve Park and Preserve Sitka National A special thanks to Sarah Apsens for her diligent Historical Park efforts in assembling articles for this issue. Her Aniakchak National efforts helped make this issue possible. Monument and Preserve Alaska Park Science is the semi-annual science journal of the National Park Service Alaska Region. Each issue highlights research and scholarship important to the stewardship of Alaska’s parks. Publication in Alaska Park Science does not signify that the contents reflect the views or policies of the National Park Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute National Park Service endorsement or recommendation. Alaska Park Science is found online at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/alaskaparkscience/index.htm Table of Contents Below the Surface: Fish and Our Changing Environmental DNA: An Emerging Tool for Permafrost Carbon in Stream Food Webs of Underwater World Understanding Aquatic Biodiversity Arctic Alaska C.
    [Show full text]
  • Historic Land Use Processes in Alaska's Koyukuk River Area
    ARCTIC VOL. 42. NO. 2 (JUNE 1989) P. 148-162 Historic Land Use Processes in Alaska’s Koyukuk River Area WENDY H. ARUNDALE‘ and ELIZA JONES’ (Received 9 February 1988; accepted in revised form 21 September 1988) ABSTRACT. Northern Athabaskans with extensive knowledge of their traditional history and culture are increasingly interested in preserving their heritage. The authors areworking with Allakaket area Koyukon people in Alaska to record data on importanthistoric sites and events, but they are also using ethnoarchaeological approaches, particularly Binford’s models of settlement systems and site mobility, to help make the information they gather more valuable to both local Native people and archaeologists. Drawing on their preliminary data, as well as existing research, they describe changes in the late winter part of the seasonal round, showing how, over time, the Koyukon become more logistically organized as they become more sedentary. These changes have interesting archaeological implications, including effects on site mobility patterns. The Koyukon belief system, withan intricate set of traditional beliefs and practices, has significant, though largely unexplored potential for influencing archaeological variability. Key words: Alaska, Athabaskans, archaeology, belief systems, boreal forest, ethnoarchaeology, historic archaeology, historic sites, Koyukon, Koyukuk River, landscape use, settlement patterns, Subarctic RÉSUMÉ. Les Athabaskans du Nord qui possèdent une connaissance approfondie de leur histoire et de leur culture traditionnelles, sont de plus en plus intéressés à préserver leur patrimoine. Les auteurs travaillent actuellement avec des gens de la tribu Koyukon de la région d’Allakaket en Alaska, à consigner des données sur d’importants sites et événements historiques, mais ils utilisent aussi des approches ethnoarchéologiques, en particulier les modèles de Binford se rapportant aux systèmes de peuplement et de migration d’un site à l’autre, pour rendre l’information recueille plus utile, àla fois à la population autochtoneet aux archéologues.
    [Show full text]
  • M a K E T O the R a V E N a K O Y U K O N V I E W O F T H E N O R T H E R N F
    Make to the Raven A Koyukon View of the Northern Forest Richard K, Nelson The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London „ ''A** j J CENTRA1- RICHABD K. NELSON has taught at Memorial University of Newfoundland, the University of Hawaii, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of California at Santa Barbara, and the Uni­ versity of Alaska at Fairbanks. He is a self-employed cultural anthropologist, consultant, and writer. His previous works include Hunters of the Northern he; Hunters of the Northern Fdrest: Designs for Survival among the Alaskan Kutchin; Shadow of the Hunter. Stories of Eskimo Life; and numerous field reports. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 This book is dedicated The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London to the people of Huslia and Hughes, Alaska; ©1983 by The University of Chicago to my teachers, Steven and Catherine Attla; All rights reserved. Published 1983 and to those who will find wisdom Printed in the United States of America in a world Raven made. 90 89 88 87 86 85 84 83 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Nelson, Richard K. Make prayers to the raven. Bibliography p. Includes index. 1. Koyukon Indians. 2. Human ecology—Alaska. 3. Natural history—Alaska I. Title. E99.K79N44 1983 304.2'09798 82-8441 ISBN 0-226-57162-9 AACR2 'AUSTIN PIMJC imm -^JVT'E*?-•"',:""• "^resrv. r; mmy ••$&&>: Contents Acknowledgments ix Orthography xi Introduction xiii 1. The People 1 2. The Watchful World 14 3. Earth, Air, and Sky 33 4. The Plants 47 5.
    [Show full text]