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V·M·I University Microfilms International a Bell & Howell Informal Ion Company 300 North Zeeb Road Near-infrared properties of quasar and Seyfert host galaxies. Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors McLeod, Kim Katris. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 26/09/2021 16:45:20 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186821 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely. event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. V·M·I University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Informal Ion Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. M148106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800:521-0600 Order Number 9502621 Near-infrared properties of quasar and Seyfert host galaxies McLeod, Kim Katris, Ph.D. The University of Arizona, 1994 V·M·I 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor. MI 48106 NEAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES OF QUASAR AND SEYFERT HOST GALAXIES by Kim Katris McLeod A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ASTRONOMY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1994 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Final Examination Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Kim Katris McLeod ~~~==~=-~~~--------------------- entitled Near-infrared Properties of Quasar and Seyfert Host Galaxies and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of ~D~o~c~t~o~r~o~f~P~h=i=l~o~s~o~ph~y ______________________ Date 7/(3/1<1- Date /Of~q .Jwt; J-3 Date-rM9" Dat6 Date Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the cand~date's submission of the final copy of the dissertation to the Graduate College. D'fsserat :f0111ITre c to r Date George H. Rieke 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his or her judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: __~..;...IL_;'....:..t{'_c....;.. "&....... 1..... -0=12"-- __ 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work benefitted from the contributions of many people. I am grateful to T. Boroson, J. Bechtold, and D. Friedli for useful discussions; J.B. Hutchings for helpful comments on Chapter 2; D. Williams and W. Latter for observing some of the objects; Tad Morgan for assistance with data reduction; and the 90"operators. Thanks to M. Rieke and E. Montgomery for providing and maintaining the excellent infrared camera. Data processing made extensive use of IRAF. This material is based upon work supported by the NSF (Grant AST-9116442 and a Graduate Student Fellowship). Particular thanks go to the members of my committee for valuable comments and questions, and for taking it easy on me! I thank Chris Impey; Craig (Cra-ha-ha-haig) Foltz; and especially Johnblack, whose unique talent for asking well-thought-out questions has taught and amazed me for the past 6 years. I never would have made it to Arizona without the help of Jim Houck; I thank him for giving me my first astronomy job. I was lured to Tucson by the excellent group of grad students who came before me, and I thank them all for showing me how it is done. Special recognition goes to: "Caveman" Doug Kelly for friendship, constant enthusiasm, and 5-ball inspiration; Dennis Zaritsky (yo-ho, yo-ho ... ) and Hans-Walter Rix (also M.B.) for good advice and friendship on and off the soccer field-you guys are truly the best; and Joe Haller for Zinger breaks and office chats. For making classes bearable, I thank my classmates Bob, Sally, Karen, and Kim. Gracias Dante Minniti, for teaching me soccer and a FEW words of Spanish, for being a great officemate, and for being a dude. I am grateful for the friendship of grads who came after me, including Dougw (Did you know he's a blackbelt?), The Patmeister, neighbors Anne, Tim, and Dspray, and my many officemates over the years. I would never have made it through the last few months without the juggling companionship of Chris and Chad. Juggle on, guys! Heartfelt thanks to Jeff "The Ring Guy" Reggie, who has been a true friend sinc~ first we met at Fuertes Observatory, Cornell, 10 years ago. I thank all the faculty and staff of Steward for making this a great place to be. Special thanks to the lunch bunch and their families: Roc, Bill, Gary B., John. I am very sorry to be leaving Jill Bechtold and Ed, Julia, and C.J. Olszewski; I thank them for letting us be part of their family while we were here . .George Rieke. George, George, George ... What can I say in order to properly thank you? It has been an honor and a pleasure to be your student. My only regret is that I didn't find you sooner. Thank you for taking care of me, science-wise and otherwise .. .I'll miss you very much. 5 DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my family with all of my love To my dad Jack, 1933-1979, for turning my gaze upwards To my mom Ar, for keeping hers there in the face of adversity To my brother Jeff, for putting it to words To my grandma Helen, for always smiling To the Crowes and company, for the music, the beach, and the fun And to Brian, my sweetheart and my best friend 6 Contents LIST OF FIGURES 9 LIST OF TABLES 10 ABSTRACT ... 11 1 BACKGROUND . .. 13 1.1 Introduction................ 13 1.2 Fifty Years of AGN Host-Galaxy Studies 14 1.2.1 Quasar Host-Galaxy Imaging 16 1.2.2 Seyfert Galaxy Imaging ... 18 1.3 Host-Galaxy Studies with Infrared Arrays 18 1.4 This Work . 20 2 THE HOST GALAXIES OF LOW-LUMINOSITY QUASARS. 22 2.1 Introduction . ...... 23 2.2 Observations .. 23 2.3 Data Reduction . 24 2.3.1 Image Reduction 24 2.3.2 Profile Extraction . 27 2.3.3 Profile Fitting . 27 2".4 Results ... 34 2.5 Discussion . 38 2.5.1 Disk Fits .. 38 7 2.5.2 Galaxy Ellipticities . 39 2.5.3 Comparison to CCD Studies . 40 2.5.4 Galaxy Mergers . 42 2.5.5 Comparison to Other Near-IR Studies 44 2.6 Summary .., . 45 3 THE HOST GALAXIES OF HIGH-LUMINOSITY QUASARS. 46 3.1 Introduction. 47 3.2 Observations. 47 3.3 Data Reduction 48 3.3.1 Image Reduction 48 3.3.2 Point Source Removal 53 3.4 Results .. 56 3.5 Discussion 60 3.5.1 Galaxy Magnitudes . 60 3.5.2 Interactions .... 62 3.5.3 Galaxy Ellipticities 65 3.5.4 Comparison to CCD Studies . 65 3.5.5 The Jet of 3C273 67 3.6 Summary ........ 70 4 THE HOST GALAXIES OF CFA SEYFERTS . .. 71 4.1 Introduction. 71 4.2 Observations. 73 4.3 Data Reduction 75 4.4 Results..... 83 4.4.1 Seyfert Galaxy Magnitudes 83 4.4.2 Host-Galaxy Types ..... 86 8 4.4.3 Morphology 88 4.4.4 Interactions 93 5 COMPARISON OF QUASAR AND SEYFERT HOST GALAXIES . .. .... 96 5.1 Introduction . .. 97 5.2 Host-Galaxy Luminosities and Masses. 97 5.3 Ellipticities .. .. 103 5.4 Fueling the Active Nucleus. .110 5.5 Summary .. .112 6 FUTURE WORK. 114 REFERENCES . ................................ 117 9 List of Figures 2.1 H-band contour plots of low-luminosity quasars 28 2.2 H-band radial profiles of low-luminosity quasars 31 2.3 Galaxy v. nuclear absolute magnitudes for low-luminosity quasars 37 3.1 H-band contour plots of high-luminosity quasars. 50 3.2 H-band radial profiles of high-luminosity quasars.
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