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Personal & Contextual Portability and Plasticity with Opensocial

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Personal & Contextual Portability and Plasticity with Opensocial Widgets and Spaces: Personal & Contextual Portability and Plasticity with OpenSocial THÈSE NO 5804 (2013) PRÉSENTÉE LE 30 AOUT 2013 À LA FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ET TECHNIQUES DE L'INGÉNIEUR INSTITUT DE GÉNIE ÉLECTRIQUE ET ÉLECTRONIQUE PROGRAMME DOCTORAL EN INFORMATIQUE, COMMUNICATIONS ET INFORMATION ÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FÉDÉRALE DE LAUSANNE POUR L'OBTENTION DU GRADE DE DOCTEUR ÈS SCIENCES PAR Evgeny BOGDANOV acceptée sur proposition du jury: Dr A. Karimi, président du jury Dr D. Gillet, Dr C. Salzmann, directeurs de thèse Dr E. L.-C. Law, rapporteur Dr L. Moccozet, rapporteur Dr C. Ullrich, rapporteur Suisse 2013 A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new — Albert Einstein To my parents. Acknowledgments This thesis is only partially my work. It would not be possible without my friends, relatives, colleagues who were helping me (knowingly or unknowingly) during this PhD journey. I am hugely grateful to all of you! Denis Gillet and Christophe Salzmann. Thank you for accepting me into your research family, for giving me the freedom in choosing and shaping the research directions according to my interests, for being my mentors. After our discussions I was always leaving your office inspired and highly motivated. This is indeed something! I would like to thank my thesis committee members for reading my thesis and being my examinators: Alireza Karimi, Effie Lai-Chong Law, Carsten Ullrich, Laurent Moccozet. My research work was partially funded through the following projects: ROLE, PALETTE, SWITCH, GO-LAB. I am thankful to these projects and I did appreciate working in them. Stéphane Sire, I owe you a huge chunk of my thesis and my personal development. Thank you for your super good ideas, all our discussions and collaboration. It was a pleasure. Particularly, thanks for being my first JavaScript teacher who ignited my interest to this beautiful language! I was extremely lucky with my colleagues. Everyone is super nice and the ambiance in the group is as one could only dream about. Sandy Ingram, Willson Shibani, Adrian Holzer, Sten Govaerts, Wissam Halimi, Jad Naoum - thank you all for the conversations, ideas exchange, travels, barbecues, tea breaks, movie nights, life advices. Na Li, Laleh Makarem - you are the best colleagues ever (not only because you shared food with me!) Andrii Vozniuk - you joined our group recently but your interest in new things and technologies boosted my performance. I have learned and continue learning a lot of things because of you - thanks! Anne Remillet, thank you for being so responsive! Alain Bock, thanks for being my training partner. In addition to my colleagues at EPFL, I would like to thank all other researches with whom I had a chance to collaborate in joint projects and in conferences. Particularily, I want to express my gratitude to Matthias Palmér, Erik Isaksson, Fridolin Wild, Carsten Ullrich, and Freddy Limpens with whom we co-authored our research papers. When I started my PhD, our group was part of Laboratoire d’Automatique and I have very warm feelings towards all people in this lab. Thank you for being there for me when I needed it, for our breakfasts, social events and the perfect atmosphere in the lab! v Acknowledgments I would like to say thank you to all my sport partners who shared my passion over the last several years. I am very grateful to the Schweizerischer Akademischer Skiklub (SAS) and Stéphane Chevrier who found me and brought me into the club. Fabian Birbaum, Pascal We- ber, Alexander Walpen, Mauro Gruber, Reto Brunner, Dominique Schwab, Lada Sycheva - it was and is a great pleasure to train and compete with you (parties included)! Andrijana Radivojevic, Alexandra Paillusson, Natasa Pjescic - you are awesome friends, my best dance, ice skating partners and a lot more! Zlatko Emedi, Sean Costello, Francis Tschantz, David Ingram, thank you for the time we spent together - I was always enjoying it. Ira and Valya, you were my only friends in Lausanne, when I first came. Thank you for helping me, thank you for our scientific, sport and life discussions. I always enjoy spending time with you! In addition, I would like to thank all my other friends from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), especially my ski club friends with whom we keep a very close contact. Niko, thanks for being like me, thinking like me, training like me. My life would be definitely dull if you were not here during the last year. It’s a pity we didn’t meet long before. You are the best friend, man! Denise, I can’t express in words how joyful and pleasant my life has become in the last two month because of you. I am very thankful to you for the fascinating moments we have spent together and for making my motor spin faster! Mama, Papa, Zoya, without you I would never make it. Everything I have ever achieved or did is because of you. You always supported all my crazy ideas and my interest in things. Thank you for being my greatest motivators! I am lucky to have you! Lenush and Elena Stepanovna, you are very dear to me and I am glad to have both of you in my life. You were always very supportive and showed a great interest in the things I did and do. It is truly motivating! Thank you!!! Len, I came to Lausanne because of you, I started my PhD because of you, and I did a lot of things because of you. Thank you for always giving me freedom and being a person I could rely on in my life. I became a better man because of you and I am deeply grateful to you for everything you did! Lausanne, 3 July 2013 E. B. vi Abstract Social media platforms are created and exploited for various activities carried out individually or collaboratively and relying on different resources and tools. Social media platforms are inherently contextual; the context being defined as a specific activity carried out for a specific purpose with specific tools and resources, as well as with specific people. These contexts may be spread over different platforms. Thus, users need to collaborate across various platforms, they need to move their environments and data from one platform to another. Every task a person accomplishes has its own specifics. Hence, there is a strong need for users to be able to personalize (shape) their environments to suit their specific needs: by changing a set of tools, adding and removing resources, by adapting the graphical and functional parts of their platforms, and sharing resources with others. This thesis investigates the challenges of contextualization, portability and personalization within social media platforms through the following research questions. How can we model a user context in a social media platform? How can we enable portability: i.e., to access the same user’s environment from different social media platforms and to migrate an environment from one platform to another? How can we enable the easy personalization of user’s contexts? In the first part of the thesis, we formally define the space concept, that materializes the user’s context and represents an environment constructed by the user. We propose an OpenSocial space extension that introduces the space concept into OpenSocial specification in the form of Space model and APIs. In addition, we propose a way to build contextual widgets capable of adapting to the user’s context. In the second part of the thesis, we propose the notion of collaborative portable space con- figuration relying on the space configuration language. We demonstrate how portability of spaces can be achieved with OpenSocial. This includes the classification of various migration methods and scenarios of space portability. In addition, we propose a concept of portable platform interfaces. In the third part of the thesis, we define plasticity as a measure of a platform ability to be shaped according to users’ needs. To address plasticity, we propose the functional skin concept for personalization of graphical and functional interfaces. In addition, we propose cloud aggregation and sharing mechanisms. Keywords: widget, space, personalization, context, portability, plasticity, opensocial, social media platform, interoperability, migration, collaboration, functional skin vii Résumé Les médias sociaux sont créés et utilisés pour des activités variées menées individuellement ou de manière collaborative et exploitent différents outils et ressources. Les médias sociaux sont intrinsèquement contextuels; le contexte étant défini comme une activité spécifique menée dans un but particulier avec des ressources et des outils choisis, ainsi qu’avec des personnes sélectionnées. Ces contextes peuvent être répartis sur différentes plates-formes que les utilisateurs doivent exploiter conjointement ou entre lesquelles ils doivent échanger leurs données pour collaborer selon leurs besoins spécifiques. Chaque tâche qu’une personne accomplit est unique. Il est donc essentiel pour les utilisateurs de pouvoir personnaliser les espaces qu’ils exploitent dans les médias sociaux en fonction de leurs besoins spécifiques; non seulement en y ajoutant ou supprimant des ressources et en les partageant, mais aussi en modifiant la palette des outils disponibles et en adaptant la visualisation ou les fonctionnalités de l’interface. Cette thèse explore les challenges liés à la contextualisation, à la portabilité et à la personnali- sation des médias réseaux en considérant les questions de recherche suivantes: Comment peut-on modéliser un contexte utilisateur dans les médias sociaux? Comment peut-on fa- voriser la portabilité: c’est-à-dire comment permettre l’accès à un même espace partagé depuis différents médias sociaux ou comment permettre le transfert d’un espace d’un mé- dia social à un autre? Comment peut-on permettre une personnalisation aisée d’un espace partagé? Dans la première partie de la thèse, le concept d’espace matérialisant un contexte utilisateur et représentant un environnent personnel est formellement défini.
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