Dialyzability of Medications During Intermittent Hemodialysis
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Effects of Acute Intravenous Administration of Pentamidine, a Typical Herg-Trafficking Inhibitor, on the Cardiac Repolarization Process of Halothane-Anesthetized Dogs
J Pharmacol Sci 110, 476 – 482 (2009)4 Journal of Pharmacological Sciences ©2009 The Japanese Pharmacological Society Full Paper Effects of Acute Intravenous Administration of Pentamidine, a Typical hERG-Trafficking Inhibitor, on the Cardiac Repolarization Process of Halothane-Anesthetized Dogs Hirofumi Yokoyama1,2, Yuji Nakamura1, Hiroshi Iwasaki1, Yukitoshi Nagayama1,2,3, Kiyotaka Hoshiai1,2,3, Yoshitaka Mitsumori1, and Atsushi Sugiyama1,2,* 1Department of Pharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan 2Yamanashi Research Center of Clinical Pharmacology, Fuefuki, Yamanashi 406-0023, Japan 3Sugi Institute of Biological Science, Co., Ltd., Hokuto, Yamanashi 408-0044, Japan Received February 27, 2009; Accepted June 16, 2009 Abstract. Although acute treatment of pentamidine does not directly modify any ionic channel function in the heart at clinically relevant concentrations, its continuous exposure can prolong QT interval. Recent in vitro studies have indicated that hERG trafficking inhibition may play an important role in the onset of pentamidine-induced long QT syndrome. In this study, we examined acute in vivo electropharmacological effects of pentamidine using the halothane- anesthetized canine model (n = 5). The clinically relevant total dose of 4 mg/kg of pentamidine (namely, 1 mg/kg, i.v. over 10 min followed by 3 mg/kg, i.v. over 10 min with a pause of 20 min) decreased the mean blood pressure, ventricular contraction, preload to the left ventricle, and peripheral vascular resistance. Pentamidine also enhanced the atrioventricular conduction in parallel with its cardiohemodynamic actions, but it gradually prolonged both the ventricular repolarization period and effective refractory period, whereas no significant change was detected in the intraventricular conduction. -
Topically Applied Minoxidil in Baldness
Review Topically Applied Minoxidil in Baldness ERVIN NOVAK,M.D., THOMASJ. FRANZ, M.D., JOHN T. HEADINGTON,M.D., AND RONALD C. WESTER,PH.D. From the Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan, School idil and its metabolites can be removed by hemodi- of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, alysis. Washington, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Fluid retention and hypertrichosis are the most Arbor, Michigan, and School of Medicine and School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, California commonly occurring side effects of minoxidil. Hair regrowth in a patient with male pattern baldness was described in a case report of a hypertensive patient treated twice daily with 20 mg oral minoxidil.6 The Minoxidil, an orally administered, peripheral va- extensive hair regrowth continued after 10 months sodilator used to treat hypertension, causes hypertri- of therapy. New and increased hair growth as a side chosis in more than 80% of users. The drug reduces effect was also detected in an early clinical study elevated blood pressure by decreasing peripheral involving five of eight patients on oral minoxidil vascular resistance. Chemically, minoxidil is 2,4-di- therapy for 2 month^.^ Zappacosta' reported reversal amino-6-piperidinopyrimidine-3-oxide; it is soluble in of baldness in a patient on minoxidil for the treatment water to the extent of approximately 2 mg/ml, is of hypertension. more readily soluble in propylene glycol or ethanol, After the third week of therapy with oral minoxidil, and is nearly insoluble in acetone, chloroform, or hypertrichosis usually appears between the eyebrows ethyl acetate. Following oral administration of minox- and the hair line, in the malar and temporal areas, idil and in association with the reduction in peripheral on the backs of the arms, on the shoulders, and on vascular resistance, cardiac output is augmented, salt the legs. -
Daily Lifestyle Modifications to Improve Quality of Life And
brain sciences Review Daily Lifestyle Modifications to Improve Quality of Life and Survival in Glioblastoma: A Review Sarah Travers and N. Scott Litofsky * Division of Neurosurgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Survival in glioblastoma remains poor despite advancements in standard-of-care treatment. Some patients wish to take a more active role in their cancer treatment by adopting daily lifestyle changes to improve their quality of life or overall survival. We review the available literature through PubMed and Google Scholar to identify laboratory animal studies, human studies, and ongoing clinical trials. We discuss which health habits patients adopt and which have the most promise in glioblastoma. While results of clinical trials available on these topics are limited, dietary restrictions, exercise, use of supplements and cannabis, and smoking cessation all show some benefit in the comprehensive treatment of glioblastoma. Marital status also has an impact on survival. Further clinical trials combining standard treatments with lifestyle modifications are necessary to quantify their survival advantages. Keywords: survival in glioblastoma; dietary restriction in glioblastoma; cannabis use in glioblastoma; supplementation in glioblastoma; glioblastoma health modifications Citation: Travers, S.; Litofsky, N.S. Daily Lifestyle Modifications to 1. Introduction Improve Quality of Life and Survival Glioblastoma remains the most aggressive and deadly form of primary brain tumor, in Glioblastoma: A Review. Brain Sci. with average survival rates ranging from 7.8 to 23.4 months after diagnosis [1]. Maximal 2021, 11, 533. https://doi.org/ surgical resection followed by radiation and temozolomide have become standard of 10.3390/brainsci11050533 care [2,3]. -
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System Abacavir 48:24 - Mucolytic Agents - 382638 8:18.08.20 - HIV Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Acitretin 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Abaloparatide 68:24.08 - Parathyroid Agents - 317036 Aclidinium Abatacept 12:08.08 - Antimuscarinics/Antispasmodics - 313022 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - Acrivastine 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 306003 4:08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 Abciximab 48:04.08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 20:12.18 - Platelet-aggregation Inhibitors - 395014 Acyclovir Abemaciclib 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 381045 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317058 84:04.06 - Antivirals - 381036 Abiraterone Adalimumab; -adaz 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 311027 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - AbobotulinumtoxinA 56:92 - GI Drugs, Miscellaneous - 302046 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 302046 92:92 - Other Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents - 12:20.92 - Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Miscellaneous - Adapalene 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Acalabrutinib 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317059 Adefovir Acamprosate 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 302036 28:92 - Central Nervous System Agents, Adenosine 24:04.04.24 - Class IV Antiarrhythmics - 304010 Acarbose Adenovirus Vaccine Live Oral 68:20.02 - alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors - 396015 80:12 - Vaccines - 315016 Acebutolol Ado-Trastuzumab 24:24 - beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents - 387003 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 313041 12:16.08.08 - Selective -
Determination of Iodate in Iodised Salt by Redox Titration
College of Science Determination of Iodate in Iodised Salt by Redox Titration Safety • 0.6 M potassium iodide solution (10 g solid KI made up to 100 mL with distilled water) • 0.5% starch indicator solution Lab coats, safety glasses and enclosed footwear must (see below for preparation) be worn at all times in the laboratory. • 250 mL volumetric flask Introduction • 50 mL pipette (or 20 and 10 mL pipettes) • 250 mL conical flasks New Zealand soil is low in iodine and hence New Zealand food is low in iodine. Until iodised salt was • 10 mL measuring cylinder commonly used (starting in 1924), a large proportion • burette and stand of school children were reported as being affected • distilled water by iodine deficiency – as high as 60% in Canterbury schools, and averaging 20 − 40% overall. In the worst cases this deficiency can lead to disorders such as Method goitre, and impaired physical and mental development. 1. Preparation of 0.002 mol L−1 sodium thiosulfate In earlier times salt was “iodised” by the addition of solution: Accurately weigh about 2.5 g of solid potassium iodide; however, nowadays iodine is more sodium thiosulfate (NaS2O3•5H2O) and dissolve in commonly added in the form of potassium iodate 100 mL of distilled water in a volumetric flask. (This gives a 0.1 mol L−1 solution). Then use a pipette to (KIO3). The Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code specifies that iodised salt must contain: “equivalent to transfer 10 mL of this solution to a 500 mL volumetric no less than 25 mg/kg of iodine; and no more than 65 flask and dilute by adding distilled water up to the mg/kg of iodine”. -
Acne Vulgaris and Intake of Selected Dietary Nutrients—A Summary of Information
healthcare Review Acne Vulgaris and Intake of Selected Dietary Nutrients—A Summary of Information Aleksandra Podgórska †, Anna Pu´scion-Jakubik*,† , Renata Markiewicz-Zukowska˙ , Krystyna Joanna Gromkowska-K˛epkaand Katarzyna Socha Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (R.M.-Z.);˙ [email protected] (K.J.G.-K.); [email protected] (K.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-8574-854-69 † Contributed equally. Abstract: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic disease that affects a significant percentage of the world’s population. Its development is influenced by both external and internal factors. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the effect of basic nutrient intake on the exacerbation or alleviation of AV lesions. A retrospective review of publications in PubMed regarding diet therapy and the impact of individual nutrient intake on the skin condition of patients was conducted. Ingestion of products with a high glycaemic index may indirectly lead to sebum overproduction, which promotes infection with Cutibacterium acnes and causes inflammation. Consumption of certain dairy products may result Citation: Podgórska, A.; in skin deterioration caused by the presence of hormones in these products, i.e., progesterone and Pu´scion-Jakubik,A.; testosterone precursors. The beneficial effect of fatty acids on the skin is manifested by the reduction Markiewicz-Zukowska,˙ R.; Gromkowska-K˛epka,K.J.; Socha, K. in inflammation. Of significance in AV treatment are vitamins A, C, D, E and B, as well as mineral Acne Vulgaris and Intake of Selected elements zinc and selenium. -
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 15th list, March 2007 Status of this document This is a reprint of the text on the WHO Medicines web site http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/index.html 15th edition Essential Medicines WHO Model List (revised March 2007) Explanatory Notes The core list presents a list of minimum medicine needs for a basic health care system, listing the most efficacious, safe and cost‐effective medicines for priority conditions. Priority conditions are selected on the basis of current and estimated future public health relevance, and potential for safe and cost‐effective treatment. The complementary list presents essential medicines for priority diseases, for which specialized diagnostic or monitoring facilities, and/or specialist medical care, and/or specialist training are needed. In case of doubt medicines may also be listed as complementary on the basis of consistent higher costs or less attractive cost‐effectiveness in a variety of settings. The square box symbol () is primarily intended to indicate similar clinical performance within a pharmacological class. The listed medicine should be the example of the class for which there is the best evidence for effectiveness and safety. In some cases, this may be the first medicine that is licensed for marketing; in other instances, subsequently licensed compounds may be safer or more effective. Where there is no difference in terms of efficacy and safety data, the listed medicine should be the one that is generally available at the lowest price, based on international drug price information sources. Therapeutic equivalence is only indicated on the basis of reviews of efficacy and safety and when consistent with WHO clinical guidelines. -
Vitamin D and Its Analogues Decrease Amyloid- (A) Formation
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Vitamin D and Its Analogues Decrease Amyloid-β (Aβ) Formation and Increase Aβ-Degradation Marcus O. W. Grimm 1,2,3,*,† ID , Andrea Thiel 1,† ID , Anna A. Lauer 1 ID , Jakob Winkler 1, Johannes Lehmann 1,4, Liesa Regner 1, Christopher Nelke 1, Daniel Janitschke 1,Céline Benoist 1, Olga Streidenberger 1, Hannah Stötzel 1, Kristina Endres 5, Christian Herr 6 ID , Christoph Beisswenger 6, Heike S. Grimm 1 ID , Robert Bals 6, Frank Lammert 4 and Tobias Hartmann 1,2,3 1 Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; [email protected] (A.T.); [email protected] (A.A.L.); [email protected] (J.W.); [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (L.R.); [email protected] (C.N.); [email protected] (D.J.); [email protected] (C.B.); [email protected] (O.S.); [email protected] (H.S.); [email protected] (H.S.G.); [email protected] (T.H.) 2 Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany 3 Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany 4 Department of Internal Medicine II–Gastroenterology, Saarland University Hospital, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; [email protected] 5 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Research Group, University Medical Centre Johannes Gutenberg, University of Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131 Mainz, Germany; [email protected] 6 Department of Internal Medicine V–Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Kirrberger Str. -
Positively Selected Modifications in the Pore of Tbaqp2 Allow Pentamidine to Enter
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.08.982751; this version posted March 10, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Positively selected modifications in the pore of TbAQP2 allow pentamidine to enter 2 Trypanosoma brucei 3 4 Ali H. Alghamdi1, Jane C. Munday1, Gustavo D. Campagnaro1, Dominik Gurvič2, Fredrik 5 Svensson3, Chinyere E. Okpara4, Arvind Kumar ,5 Maria Esther Martin Abril1, Patrik Milić1, 6 Laura Watson1, Daniel Paape,1 Luca Settimo,1 Anna Dimitriou1, Joanna Wielinska1, Graeme 7 Smart1, Laura F. Anderson1, Christopher M. Woodley,4 Siu Pui Ying Kelley1, Hasan M.S. 8 Ibrahim1, Fabian Hulpia6 , Mohammed I. Al-Salabi1, Anthonius A. Eze1, Ibrahim A. Teka1, 9 Simon Gudin1, Christophe Dardonville7, Richard R Tidwell8, Mark Carrington9, Paul M. 10 O’Neill4, David W Boykin5, Ulrich Zachariae2, Harry P. De Koning1,* 11 12 1. Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 13 8TA, UK 14 2. Computational Biology Centre for Translational and Interdisciplinary Research, 15 University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK 16 3. IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd, St Johns Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 17 0WS 18 4. Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK 19 5. Chemistry Department, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, US 20 6. Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium 21 7. Instituto de Química Médica - CSIC, Madrid, Spain 22 8. -
Label-Free Cell Phenotypic Profiling Decodes the Composition And
OPEN Label-free cell phenotypic profiling SUBJECT AREAS: decodes the composition and signaling POTASSIUM CHANNELS SENSORS AND PROBES of an endogenous ATP-sensitive Received potassium channel 28 January 2014 Haiyan Sun1*, Ying Wei1, Huayun Deng1, Qiaojie Xiong2{, Min Li2, Joydeep Lahiri1 & Ye Fang1 Accepted 24 April 2014 1Biochemical Technologies, Science and Technology Division, Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY 14831, United States of Published America, 2The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience and High Throughput Biology Center, Johns Hopkins University 12 May 2014 School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States of America. Current technologies for studying ion channels are fundamentally limited because of their inability to Correspondence and functionally link ion channel activity to cellular pathways. Herein, we report the use of label-free cell requests for materials phenotypic profiling to decode the composition and signaling of an endogenous ATP-sensitive potassium should be addressed to ion channel (KATP) in HepG2C3A, a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Label-free cell phenotypic agonist Y.F. (fangy2@corning. profiling showed that pinacidil triggered characteristically similar dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) com) signals in A431, A549, HT29 and HepG2C3A, but not in HepG2 cells. Reverse transcriptase PCR, RNAi knockdown, and KATP blocker profiling showed that the pinacidil DMR is due to the activation of SUR2/ Kir6.2 KATP channels in HepG2C3A cells. Kinase inhibition and RNAi knockdown showed that the pinacidil * Current address: activated KATP channels trigger signaling through Rho kinase and Janus kinase-3, and cause actin remodeling. The results are the first demonstration of a label-free methodology to characterize the Biodesign Institute, composition and signaling of an endogenous ATP-sensitive potassium ion channel. -
Toiminta Unita on Ulla La Mungukurti |
TOIMINTAUNITA USON 20180071390A1ULLA LA MUNGUKURTI | ( 19) United States (12 ) Patent Application Publication (10 ) Pub. No. : US 2018/ 0071390 A1 PATEL et al. (43 ) Pub . Date : Mar . 15 , 2018 ( 54 ) COMPOSITIONS OF PHARMACEUTICAL A61K 9 / 06 (2006 .01 ) ACTIVES CONTAINING DIETHYLENE A61K 9 /00 (2006 .01 ) GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER OR OTHER A61K 31 /573 ( 2006 .01 ) ALKYL DERIVATIVES A61K 31/ 565 ( 2006 .01 ) A61K 31/ 4439 ( 2006 . 01 ) ( 71 ) Applicant : THEMIS MEDICARE LIMITED , A61K 31 / 167 ( 2006 . 01 ) Mumbai (IN ) A61K 31 / 57 (2006 . 01) (52 ) U . S . CI. (72 ) Inventors : Dinesh Shantilal PATEL , Mumbai CPC .. .. .. A61K 47 / 10 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 9 /4858 ( IN ) ; Sachin Dinesh PATEL , Mumbai ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 /08 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 / 06 ( IN ) ; Shashikant Prabhudas ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 / 0014 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K KURANI, Mumbai ( IN ) ; Madhavlal 31/ 573 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31 /57 ( 2013 .01 ) ; Govindlal PATEL , Mumbai ( IN ) A61K 31/ 565 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31 /4439 (73 ) Assignee : THEMIS MEDICARE LIMITED , ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31/ 167 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K Mumbai (IN ) 9 /0048 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 /0019 (2013 .01 ) ( 57 ) ABSTRACT (21 ) Appl. No .: 15 / 801, 390 The present invention relates to pharmaceutical composi tions of various pharmaceutical actives, especially lyophilic ( 22 ) Filed : Nov . 2 , 2017 and hydrophilic actives containing Diethylene glycol mono ethyl ether or other alkyl derivatives thereof as a primary Related U . S . Application Data vehicle and /or to pharmaceutical compositions utilizing (62 ) Division of application No. 14 /242 , 973 , filed on Apr. Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether or other alkyl derivatives 2 , 2014 , now Pat. No. 9 , 827 ,315 . -
Acquired Hypertrichosis of the Periorbital Area and Malar Cheek
PHOTO CHALLENGE Acquired Hypertrichosis of the Periorbital Area and Malar Cheek Caitlin G. Purvis, BS; Justin P. Bandino, MD; Dirk M. Elston, MD An otherwise healthy woman in her late 50s with Fitzpatrick skin type II presented to the derma- tology department for a scheduled cosmetic botulinum toxin injection. Her medical history was notable only for periodic nonsurgical cosmetic procedures including botulinum toxin and dermal fillers, and she was not taking any daily systemic medications. Duringcopy the preoperative assess- ment, subtle bilateral and symmetric hypertricho- sis with darker terminal hair formation was noted on the periorbital skin and zygomatic cheek. Uponnot inquiry, the patient admitted to purchas- ing a “special eye drop” from Mexico and using it regularly. After instillation of 2 to 3 drops per eye, she would laterally wipe the resulting excess Dodrops away from the eyes with her hands and then wash her hands. She denied a change in eye color from their natural brown but did report using blue color contact lenses. She denied an increase in hair growth elsewhere including the upper lip, chin, upper chest, forearms, and hands. She denied deepening of her voice, CUTIS acne, or hair thinning. WHAT’S THE DIAGNOSIS? a. acetazolamide-induced hypertrichosis b. betamethasone-induced hypertrichosis c. bimatoprost-induced hypertrichosis d. cyclosporine-induced hypertrichosis e. timolol-induced hypertrichosis PLEASE TURN TO PAGE E21 FOR THE DIAGNOSIS From the Department of Dermatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. The authors report no conflict of interest. Correspondence: Justin P. Bandino, MD, 171 Ashley Ave, MSC 908, Charleston, SC 29425 ([email protected]).