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Ausbreitung Von Aeshna Isoceles in Der Südlichen Oberrheinebene (Odonata: Aeshnidae)

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Ausbreitung Von Aeshna Isoceles in Der Südlichen Oberrheinebene (Odonata: Aeshnidae) Band 17 Mercuriale - LIBELLEN IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG 2017 Ausbreitung von Aeshna isoceles der Rheinebene an 34 Stellen nachge- in der südlichen Oberrheinebene wiesen, die sich auf 12 Messtischblätter (Odonata: Aeshnidae) (MTB25) verteilen. An mindestens acht dieser Fundorte war A. isoceles auch sicher Franz-Josef Schiel1 & Holger Hunger2 bis sehr wahrscheinlich bodenständig. Die Ergebnisse werden mit der landes- 1INULA, Turenneweg 9, D-77880 Sasbach und bundesweiten Bestandsentwicklung [email protected] verglichen und bezüglich eines mögli- 2INULA, Wilhelmstraße 8, D-79098 Freiburg chen Zusammenhangs mit der derzeitigen [email protected] Klimaerwärmung diskutiert. Einleitung Abstract Die Keilflecklibelle (Aeshna isoceles) (Abb. 1) pflanzt sich vorwiegend in som- Expansion of Aeshna isoceles into the merwarmen Stillgewässern mit ausge- southern part of the Upper Rhine valley prägter Röhricht-Verlandungszone fort. (Odonata: Aeshnidae) – We report an Außer in größeren Seen und Weihern apparent range expansion of A. isoceles mit breiten Uferröhrichten kommt die in the German part of a 150 km long sec- Art auch in sehr seichten Gewässern und tion of the Upper Rhine valley ranging Sümpfen vor (HÖPPNER & STERNBERG 2000, from Rastatt in the north to Basel in the WILDERMUTH & MARTENS 2014), die nach south. Only five records of this species eigenen Beobachtungen auch im Abstand are documented from the whole 20th mehrerer Jahre zeitweise trockenfallen century. Since 2006, however, the species können. In Baden-Württemberg zählte has been reported from 34 waters. Aeshna A. isoceles bis vor kurzem zu den selte- isoceles reproduced in at least eight of nen Arten, deren wenige Vorkommen these waters. We compare our data with sich bis zur Jahrtausendwende auf die the development in the German land of Rheinniederung zwischen Karlsruhe und Baden-Württemberg and in Germany and Mannheim einerseits sowie auf wär- discuss the findings shortly in the context mebegünstigte Bereiche des südlichen of current climate warming. Alpenvorlands andererseits beschränkten (HÖPPNER & STERNBERG 2000). Historische Nachweise lagen darüber hinaus aus Zusammenfassung dem Raum Stuttgart um 1900 und von Strohm aus dem Jahr 1922 vom süd- Wir berichten über eine starke lichen Oberrhein bei Weisweil vor Ausbreitung von Aeshna isoceles seit 2006 (HÖPPNER & STERNBERG 2000). Bis 2005 in die Rheinebene zwischen Rastatt und (HUNGER et al. 2006) hatte sich an der Basel, von wo aus dem 20. Jahrhundert Verbreitungssituation von A. isoceles in lediglich fünf Nachweise dokumentiert der südlichen Oberrheinebene gegenüber sind. Seit 2006 wurde die Art innerhalb dem bei HÖPPNER & STERNBERG (2000) doku- dieses rund 150 km langen Abschnitts mentierten Stand nichts verändert und 37 Band 17 Mercuriale - LIBELLEN IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG 2017 ELLE B LI K EILFLEC K DER REITUNG B US : A EITRÄGE B Abb. 1: Ruhendes Männchen von Aeshna isoceles aus der Rheinebene. 25.05.2009, Foto: FJS. es gab nach wie vor keine aktuellen Methodik Nachweise südlich von Rastatt. Wie sich in der Verbreitungskarte im Atlas der Die folgende Zusammenstellung ba- Libellen Deutschlands bereits andeutet siert im Wesentlichen auf eigenen (LOHR et al. 2015), wird die Art seit 2008 Beobachtungen im Rahmen verschiede- auch in zunehmender Häufigkeit wieder ner libellenkundlicher Aktivitäten sowie in der südlichen Oberrheinebene inner- auf der Auswertung von Nachweisen aus halb des Regierungsbezirks Freiburg nach- der SGL-Datenbank. Eine systematische gewiesen, was wir zum Anlass nehmen, Kartierung von Aeshna isoceles erfolgte den aktuellen Kenntnisstand zusammen- nicht. Neben den eigenen gehen Daten zufassen. von Willy Bühler, Peter Doyle, Birgit Frosch, Gerd Heinze, Daniel Küry, Peter 38 Band 17 Mercuriale - LIBELLEN IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG 2017 B EITRÄGE Pfitzner, Martin Salcher sowie eines unbe- jüngste konkret zuzuordnende Nachweis kannten Erhebers in die Auswertung mit sich auf ein einzelnes Männchen bezieht, : A ein, dessen Meldung von Andreas Braun das Fritz Saumer (Datenbestand der SGL, US B übermittelt wurde. mit Fotobeleg) am 19.07.1971 in einer REITUNG Buschzone im Taubergießen (MTBQ 7712NW) beobachtete. Darüber hinaus Ergebnisse gibt es in der aktuellen SGL-Datenbank DER dokumentierte Beobachtungen durch K Aeshna isoceles wurde in der Rheinebene Elisabeth und Karl Westermann 1983 am EILFLEC von Rastatt im Norden bis Merdingen Roßwert Leutesheim (7313SW) sowie des im Süden sowie – mit einer dazwischen WWF-Aueninstituts aus dem Jahr 1990 von K LI liegenden Lücke von 48 km Luftlinie – einem Kieswerk in Lichtenau (7213NO) B ELLE Basel zwischen 2006 und 2017 an 34 und einem Altrhein in Söllingen (7214NW), Stellen nachgewiesen, die sich auf 12 die bei HÖPPNER & STERNBERG (2000) nicht Messtischblätter verteilen (Tab. 1, berücksichtigt worden waren. Trotz Abb. 2). Von zehn dieser Fundorte lie- relativ intensiver Erhebungen – z.B. im gen Nachweise von oder Hinweise auf Rahmen verschiedener Diplomarbeiten – zumindest zeitweise – Bodenständigkeit (z.B. HUNGER 1998a,b, RADEMACHER 1998a,b, anhand von Exuvienfunden, wiederhol- SCHIEL 1998a,b) während der 1990er ten Beobachtungen über mehrere Jahre Jahre gab es keinerlei Nachweise der und/oder Eiablagebeobachtungen vor. An auffälligen und daher wohl kaum über- 15 Stellen handelt es sich lediglich um sehenen Keilflecklibelle südlich Rastatt, Be obachtungen einzelner patrouillierender obwohl geeignet erscheinende Gewässer Männchen ohne Fortpflanzungshinweise. mit hinreichend breiten Uferröhrichten vorhanden waren; rund ein Drittel der aktu- ellen Fundgewässer waren in den Jahren Diskussion 1994 und 1995 im Rahmen der oben ange- führten Diplomarbeiten mit untersucht Bereits in der ersten libellenkundlichen worden. Aus den beiden Fundgewässern Dokumentation für Baden (FISCHER 1850) auf Gemarkung Meißenheim liegen wird A. iscoceles erwähnt: "Mannheim, durchgehende Datenreihen seit 1987 mit Karlsruhe... selten." Diese Angabe deckt jeweils mindestens zwei Begehungen zur sich mit den Fundkarten aus libellenkund- Schlupf-/Flugzeit von A. isoceles vor (SCHIEL lich aktiveren Zeiten (HÖPPNER & STERNBERG et al. 1997, MAUERSBERGER et al. 2003, unpu- 2000, HUNGER et al. 2006), die ein durch- blizierte eigene Daten), ohne dass dort gehendes Auftreten der Art von Rastatt jemals eine Exuvie der Art gefunden oder bis Mannheim und das weitestgehende eine Imago beobachtet worden wäre. Es Fehlen in der sich südlich anschließenden ist zwar unwahrscheinlich, jedoch nicht Oberrheinebene zeigen. vollständig ausgeschlossen, dass die Art Bei HÖPPNER & STERNBERG (2000) wird die auch in der südlichen Hälfte der baden- Art für den Zeitraum zwischen 1901 und württembergischen Oberrheinebene kon- 1979 lediglich von drei Messtischblättern tinuierlich vorkam, weil sie in unmittel- (7712, 7812, 7911) innerhalb der südlichen barer Nähe der Fundorte von F. Saumer Oberrheinebene gemeldet, von denen der aus dem Jahr 1971 im Taubergießen-Gebiet 39 Band 17 Mercuriale - LIBELLEN IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG 2017 ELLE B LI Tab. 1: Aktuelle Nachweise (Zeitraum 2006 bis 2017) von Aeshna isoceles in der Oberrheinebene zwi- K schen Rastatt und Basel. Es bedeuten: MTBQ = Messtischblatt-Quadrant; B = Beobachtung von vorwie- gend patrouillierenden Männchen, Ex = Exuvien, E = Eiablage. EILFLEC K Fundort MTBQ Fundjahre Nachweise Erheber DER Rheinseitengraben N Rheinfähre Greffern 7213NO 2015 B FJS Rubenkopfkehle Helmlingen 7213SO 2010 B FJS Altarm im Schollengrund, Stollhofen 7214NW 2015 B FJS REITUNG B Roßwert Altwasser Süd Leutesheim 7313SW 2012 B, Ex FJS US Baggersee "Mittelgrund" Leutesheim 7313SW 2012 B FJS : A Roßwert Baggersee, Leutesheim 7313SW 2012 B Braun A Ersatzgewässer Altenheim 7512NO 2012 B FJS EITRÄGE B Helle Kehle Meißenheim 7512SO 2015 Ex FJS Hüttenwasser Meißenheim 7512SO 2016 Ex FJS Angelsee Ichenheim 7512SO 2017 B, Ex FJS Kiesteich SW Ottenheim 7612NW 2015-2017 B, Ex FJS, Pfitzner P Kiesgrube beim Sportplatz Wittenweier 7612SO 2017 B FJS Elz-Altarm 7612SO 2017 B FJS Schlute Elzkopf 7612SW 2008-2017 Ex FJS, HH Rheinseitengraben 7711SO 2012 B Salcher M Flache Schlut am Alten Großkopfweg 7711SO 2012 B HH, Salcher M Schlute Blauwasser 7712NW 2008-2017 B FJS, HH Teichanlage Ettenheimweiler 7712SO 2015 B Heinze G Unterer Hackgraben NSG Elzwiesen 7712SW 2011 B HH Breitgießen Ostteil 7712SW 2012 B,E Salcher M Kleingewässer nördl. Quelltopf Burkheim 7811SO 2012 B Salcher M Baggersee W Teningen 7812SO 2013 B Doyle P Kalmus-See Teningen 7812SO 2017 B FJS Altarm Waldlochschlut / Jägerhofgießen 7911NO 2012 B HH Entenlochwinkel Ostteil 7911NW 2012 B HH Entenlochwinkel Westteil 7911NW 2012 B HH Altrheinarmende S Rappennest 7911NW 2012 B HH Bach bei NSG Mooswald, Seematten 7912NO 2012 B Bühler W Wiesengraben bei Nimburg 7912NO 2014 B Bühler W Teich und Tümpel N B31 7912NW 2014 B Bühler W Angelsee im Murr W Gottenheim 7912NW 2008-2017 B, Ex Bühler W Hochwasserrinne Gottenheim 7912SW 2010 B, Ex Bühler W Panzergraben Merdingen 7912SW 2013-2014 B, Ex HH, Bühler W Kiesgrube bei Weil am Rhein 8411NO 2011-2013 B Frosch B, Küry D 40 Band 17 Mercuriale - LIBELLEN IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG 2017 B EITRÄGE : A US B REITUNG DER K EILFLEC K LI B ELLE Abb. 2: Verteilung der Fundorte von Aeshna isoceles in der Oberrheinebene seit 2006. Es bedeuten: schwarze Quadrate = Nachweiszeitraum 2006-2010, graue Kreise = Nachweiszeitraum 2011-2015, weiße Dreiecke = Nachweiszeitraum 2016 / 2017. In den hellgrau hinterlegten Quadranten gab es im Zeitraum zwischen 1970 und 1990 einzelne Nachweise. 41 Band 17 Mercuriale - LIBELLEN IN BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG
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