SEARCHER’S VOICE >> SC1

(Vol. 37, No. 6), pp. 38–42. (Vol. 37, No. 6), pp. Briefs,” appearing in the November/ Briefs,” appearing to the article Content to the article Supplemental 2013 issue of Online Searcher December “Nontraditional Legal Research: Appellate Legal Research: “Nontraditional ONLINE SEARCHER SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENT No set dates are available for coverage in each of the cir- for coverage No set dates are available Contains briefs from decided cases and those cases await- NOV | DEC 2013 NOV | DEC 2013 FEDERAL CIRCUIT COURTS (PRACTICALLY FREE) cuit courts and there is a charge for retrieving these briefs. All the circuit courts use the PACER system. UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT American Bar Association www.americanbar.org/publications/preview_home.html The American Bar Association now offers access to briefs from America’s highest court. The site archives briefs dating back to the 2003–2004 term, and you can find them by case name or date argued. All briefs are in PDF. FindLaw http://supreme.lp.findlaw.com/supreme_court/briefs/ index.html index.html ing oral argument. Covers from the 1999/2000 term to 2007. Professor of Law by Michael Whiteman

Northern Kentucky University Associate Dean for Law Library Services and Information Technology Associate Dean for Law Library Services A Union List of Re-

Briefs Online his updated and expanded guide (originally pub- his updated and expanded guide (originally lished as Appendix B, “Appellate Court Briefs on the Web: Electronic Dynamos or Legal Quagmire?,” Law Appellate Court Court Appellate

If you know of other sites (free or otherwise) that provide If you know of other sites (free or otherwise) Library Journal, Summer 2005, Vol. 97, No. 3, p. 467) pro- appellate quickly find the ability to vides researchers with court briefs online. Parts one and two list sites where free copies can be obtained of federal and state appellate court briefs; part three lists sites where briefs can be obtained for online available not are that briefs find to need you If fee. a or are too old to be online, refer to the following publication for a listing of archives and libraries that have holdings of appellate court briefs. cords and Briefs: Federal and State, Peter Scott Campbell & Michael Whiteman, Littleton, Colo.: F.B. Rothman, 1999. me (whiteman@ email please online, briefs court appellate nku.edu) so that I can do periodic updates to this guide, which was last appended in June 2013.

Free and Fee-Based and Fee-Based Free T SEARCHER’S VOICE

SC2 ONLINE SEARCHER SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENT Briefs from the Connecticut Supreme Court. Beginning Beginning Court. Supreme Connecticut the from Briefs Contains briefs from 1984 forward, with some retrospec- some with forward, from 1984 briefs Contains court briefs. An online index is available to Iowa appellate the Kentucky Su- Contains those briefs submitted to in briefs filed 2007 sitting, with its September Beginning Contains briefs from 2011 to the present via the Oral Ar- NOV | DEC 2013 NOV | DEC 2013 front of you. The L.A. Law Library is one of four law librar- is one of four The L.A. Law Library front of you. appellate of California briefs all hard copies of where ies access be found. Currently Court cases can and Supreme a retro- 2008 to present with briefs is from to electronic underway. spective project Connecticut http://blog.ctbriefsonline.com access to briefs prior to 2009. You with May 2007, spotty by name or the docket number of can search for cases the case. Florida www.law.fsu.edu/library/flsupct/index.html number of the case tive work ongoing. You need the docket you are interested in. Idaho www.lib.uidaho.edu/digital/LawBriefs/ appellate briefs are Beginning with January 2010, Idaho search using key- available in a digitized form. You may reports citation, word, docket number, litigant name, Idaho or Pacific Reports citation. Iowa www.statelibraryofiowa.org/services/collections/law-library/ ia-ac-briefs print copies of the Coverage is from 1870 to 2008, and the of Iowa. briefs are available at the State Library Kentucky http://chaselaw.nku.edu/new/library/electronic_resources/ briefs_search.php preme Court in cases decided since January 1999 and Ken- 2005. October since decided cases in Appeals of Court tucky You may search by term or date. Massachusetts www.ma-appellatecourts.org Ju- Supreme the before argued to be scheduled cases most dicial Court will be available on this website shortly before on the may be found the briefs to Hyperlinks the sitting. Case Docket pages. Michigan http://courts.mi.gov/courts/michigansupremecourt/clerks/ oral-arguments/pages/default.aspx guments page. You must look for the case scheduled for oral argument and the briefs will be part of the synopsis of the case scheduled to be argued.

Second Circuit Fourth Circuit www.ca4.uscourts.gov Sixth Circuit www.ca6.uscourts.gov Eighth Circuit www.ca8.uscourts.gov 10th Circuit www.ca10.uscourts.gov D.C. Circuit www.cadc.uscourts.gov Briefs are available from the L.A. Law Library. To access Briefs are available from the L.A. Law Library. To access The California Courts website now provides access to access to The California Courts website now provides The Briefs Collection consists of appellate briefs The Arizona Briefs Collection consists the briefs, click on Reference, then the CA appellate briefs the briefs, click on Reference, then the CA appellate briefs link on the left side of the screen. Access is available via of California Su- numbers number. The docket docket preme Court and the published cases in California Appel- late Reports are easy to locate if you have the opinion in California www.lalawlibrary.org info.ca.gov/search.cfm?dist=0), by case number (either (either number case by info.ca.gov/search.cfm?dist=0), trial or appellate or Supreme Court number), party, at- torney, or case caption. Then when you find the case in- formation, locate the docket to get the date of argument and get to the briefs. California Supreme Court briefs set for argument. It isn’t argument. It isn’t California Supreme Court briefs set for file below), but if searchable (see L.A. Law Library’s brief 2010 to pres- you know the date it was argued (between ent), then you can locate all of the briefs for the cases on the list for oral argument. For example, in Perry v. Schwarzenegger, Brown, here is the file: www.courts. ca.gov/15084.htm. To find the argument date, you can search for case information (http://appellatecases.court California www.courts.ca.gov/supremecourt.htm Arizona http://azmemory.azlibrary.gov/cdm/landingpage/ collection/asuross of Appeals, Division submitted to the State of Arizona Court the latter half of One, and the from are drawn from the 20th century to the present. Materials by the Ross-Blak- the Arizona Briefs Collection maintained College of Law, at ley Law Library, Sandra Day O’Connor the Arizona State University. STATE APPELLATE COURTS First Circuit First Circuit Third Circuit www.ca2.uscourts.gov www.ca1.uscourts.gov www.ca3.uscourts.gov Fifth Circuit www.ca5.uscourts.gov Seventh Circuit www.ca7.uscourts.gov Ninth Circuit www.ca9.uscourts.gov 11th Circuit www.ca11.uscourts.gov SEARCHER’S VOICE > SC3 ONLINE SEARCHER SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENT There is a search box on the left that allows you to search that allows you search box on the left There is a bank of a maintains Library Law The Washington County • 138 Or App to present: selected briefs volumes • 179 Or App and 201–204 Or App: complete • 315 Or to present: selected briefs • 332 and 337, 338 Or: complete volumes a lim- only although 1999, to back dating briefs Contains has School Law at BYU Library Law Hunter Howard The Beginning in 2009, the full text of the briefs are available (Note that Heinonline has a collection of Virginia appel- Supreme Court Briefs are available since June 2006; Court NOV | DEC 2013 NOV | DEC 2013 Oregon http://digitallawlibrary.oregon.gov search- allows for full-text court briefs. The search appellate cover- of dates the of indication no is There briefs. the of ing searches revealed briefs dating back age, but some sample as far as 2011. Oregon www.co.washington.or.us/lawlibrary/index.cfm find To below. listed briefs court appellate Oregon digital seek are available in digital format, out if the briefs you at [email protected]. Library please email the Law and contact information and the case or.us, with your name please If possible, number/citation. case or docket, name, specify which party’s briefs you need: Texas www.co.washington.or.us/lawlibrary/index.cfm supreme.courts.state.tx.us/ebriefs/ebriefs.asp 1999 and 2000. ited number of briefs are available from Utah http://lawlib.byu.edu with more coverage appellate court briefs from 1988 to 2008 is available. To planned for the future. Full-text searching “Local Digital Col- access the collection, click on the link for lections” from the main page. Virginia http://law2.richmond.edu/librarytech/varb online. You must select the opinion by reporter citation to access the briefs. Researchers may also view Virginia Su- informa- 2009; amongst the from before cases preme Court tion listed is a listing of any briefs associated with the case held by the law library. late briefs available for subscription. You should contact Hein to get pricing and coverage information.) Washington www.courts.wa.gov/appellate_trial_courts/coaBriefs/ index.cfm of Appeals Division I Briefs since June 2009; Court of Appeals Divi- Appeals of Court and 2006; June since Briefs II Division sion III Briefs since August 2010. The briefs are searchable by docket number, hearing sate, or via full text searching.

Contains briefs submitted to the Ohio Supreme Court. Contains briefs from 1999 forward under the heading Selected briefs from 2007 to 2011. The briefs are arranged Selected briefs from 2007 to 2011. The Contains Briefs from 1999 forward. You may search by at- Contains briefs from 2000 forward. To view the briefs, you briefs, the view To 2000 forward. from briefs Contains between Janu- Briefs are available for appeals calendared The briefs are located with the docket sheet for the court. for the docket sheet the located with briefs are The Briefs from 2007 to the present are available. You may Briefs from 2007 to Beginning with 2002, issue statements from the briefs statements from the with 2002, issue Beginning Coverage is spotty and begins in late 2006. You can search by party name or docket number. The briefs are listed with the case information. Ohio www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/Clerk/ecms “Briefs-Supreme Court.” You can search by topic, docket, party name, and attorney name. New York Appellate Division:Supreme Court of the State of New York www.ndcourts.gov/Court/Index.htm by docket number. torney name, party name, or docket number. www.courts.state.nh.us/supreme/ebriefs/index.htm North Carolina www.ncappellatecourts.org must first select the case you want to view. The briefs will be must first select the case you want to view. court. accessible along with the opinion of the Second Judicial Department http://decisions.courts.state.ny.us/ad2/search/queryad2 briefs3.asp prior to the present ary 2004 and approximately 6 months York New of a collection has Heinonline that (Note date. You should con- appellate briefs available for subscription. tact Hein to get pricing and coverage information.) http://searchcourts.mt.gov You need to know on what day your case was scheduled to what day your case was scheduled to You need to know on court. be argued before the Missouri www.courts.mo.gov/page.jsp?id=1944 search by party name, docket number, or by topic. search by party name, Mississippi http://judicial.mc.edu/vidbriefs.php submitted to the court can be viewed. Beginning with 2005, viewed. Beginning to the court can be submitted briefs can be viewed. select full-text Minnesota Minnesota http://mn.gov/lawlib/briefs.html SEARCHER’S VOICE > SC4 ONLINE SEARCHER SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENT Contains the full text of amicus briefs filed since 1948. briefs filed since the full text of amicus Contains 200 Merits briefs, amicus briefs, and Contains more than various dates. The mission of the ALFContains amicus briefs, resource that BriefBank is a free, community-supported present. The Cato Contains amicus briefs from 1999 to both in CAC by the submitted briefs amicus access To Briefs filed in the Appellate Section available from NOV | DEC 2013 NOV | DEC 2013 Anti-Defamation League Anti-Defamation www.adl.org/civil-rights/adl-in-the-courts Appellate.net www.appellate.net/briefs filed by the law firm of May- Petitions for a of Maw LLP in the Supreme Court, circuit er, Brown, Rowe & state courts. courts, and various Atlantic Legal Foundation www.atlanticlegal.org/casearchive.php public interest law firm) is to advance(a nonprofit, nonpartisan, and before administrative agencies bythe rule of law in courts enterprise,free government, efficient and limited advocating science.individual liberty, school choice, and sound BriefBank www.law.berkeley.edu/4441.htm of law, technolo- collects and redistributes briefs in the area are briefs from 2001 gy, and public policy. Currently, there the School of Infor- to the present. BriefBank is housed at administered by the mation Management and Systems and Policy Clinic at Samuelson Law, Technology, and Public Boalt Hall School of Law, UC Berkeley. Cato Institute www.cato.org/publications/archives/public-filings/ legal-briefs think Institute is a public policy research organization—a liberty, lim- tank—dedicated to the principles of individual Its scholars and ited government, free markets, and peace. research on a analysts conduct independent, nonpartisan range of policy issues. Constitutional Accountability Center http://theusconstitution.org state and federal appellate courts, click on the link for “Cas- es,” and then select the case you are interested in. Briefs are available from 2009 to the present. The Constitutional Ac- countability Center (CAC) is a think tank, law firm, and ac- tion center dedicated to fulfilling the progressive promise of the Constitution’s text and history. The CAC works in legal scholars to and with the government, courts, through preserve the rights and freedoms of all Americans and to protect the judiciary from politics and special interests. Department of Justice-Antitrust Division-Appellate Section www.justice.gov/atr/public/appellate/#page=page-1 1994 forward.

Contains amicus briefs filed since 2005. Contains summaries of amicus briefs filed since 1962; full Contains amicus briefs from 1996 forward. You must You 1996 forward. from briefs amicus Contains The Brief Bank contains amicus briefs filed by the ABA the by filed briefs amicus contains Bank Brief The Note that there are many more government agencies and government are many more Note that there Beginning with 2008, you can look up the case by docket Beginning with 2008, you can look up Briefs from 173 Wis.2d (November 1992) through July 1, (November 1992) through July 1, Briefs from 173 Wis.2d Supreme Court of Appeals Supreme present. the to 2005 January from available are Briefs American Psychological Association www.apa.org/about/offices/ogc/amicus/index.aspx text of the briefs is available for some of the older briefs and for all the briefs from 2001 forward. American Intellectual Property Law Association www.aipla.org/advocacy/judicial/Pages/default.aspx click on the case you want. The briefs will be listed with oth- er information about the case. American Civil Liberties Union www.aclu.org/courts Amicus Curiae Briefs www.americanbar.org/groups/committees/amicus.html ABA of the committees sections and 1998. Various since place briefs on their individual websites. American Bar Association Standing Committee on American Bar Association Standing Committee FREE APPELLATE COURT BRIEFS FROM FREE APPELLATE COURT BRIEFS FROM GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, NGOS, AND is just a sampling of nonprofits that post briefs online. This what is available online. number in the free case management system. Briefs will be number in the free case management system. of coverage is not included with the docket sheet. The date by docket can search You 2008 forward. but it covers exact, number or case title. OTHER ORGANIZATIONS. http://efiling.courts.state.wy.us/public/caseSearch.do 2009, are accessible via the UW Law Library website. Briefs via the UW Law Library website. Briefs 2009, are accessible 1, 2009, are available on the Wisconsin filed on or after July Court of Appeals Case Access website Supreme Court and (WSCCA): www.wscca.wicourts.gov/index.xsl. Wisconsin http://library.law.wisc.edu/eresources/wibriefs day your case was argued; the briefs are attached to argued; the briefs are attached to day your case was the docket. To find a brief, click on the “argument docket” for the on the “argument docket” for the To find a brief, click www.co.washington.or.us/lawlibrary/index.cfm courtswv.gov SEARCHER’S VOICE > SC5 ONLINE SEARCHER SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENT Selected amicus briefs in federal and state appellate and state appellate amicus briefs in federal Selected and party originated) from Contains briefs (amicus motions filed by the General The briefs and occasional a public in- Contains briefs filed by the Litigation Group, six broad topics: A large collection of briefs divided into A collection of hundreds of briefs before the federal ap- Selected briefs in federal appellate courts from 1996 forward. The Securities Class Action Clearinghouse is based at NOV | DEC 2013 NOV | DEC 2013 Federal Trade Commission–Office of the General Counsel of the General Commission–Office Federal Trade www.ftc.gov/ogc/briefs.shtm 1998 to present. courts from and Education Fund Lambda Legal Defense www.lambdalegal.org/in-court/legal-docs 1995 forward. Board National Labor Relations www.nlrb.gov/cases-decisions/appellate-court-briefs- and-motions - of the NLB’s orders are listed chrono Counsel in support from 1999 to present. logically by filing date Marijuana Laws National Organization for the Reform of www.norml.org/legal/brief-bank attorneys. All briefs submitted by NORML Legal Committee - subject head under applicable Briefs are cross-referenced ings. No indication of dates of coverage. Public Citizen: Litigation Group www.citizen.org/litigation/briefs Briefs are included terest law firm begun by Ralph Nader. safety regulation, on topics including federal health and democracy, union open government, litigation, consumer date Briefs Amendment. First the and powers, of separation back into the 1990s. Public Justice www.publicjustice.net Consumers’ Liberties, Civil & Rights Civil Justice, to Access Work- and Torts, Toxic Protection, Environmental Rights, then want, you topic the select briefs, find To Rights. ers’ of the side right-hand on the Case Index for link on the click screen. The briefs will be listed with each case. Robbins, Russell, Englert, Orseck, Untereiner & Sauber LLP www.robbinsrussell.com/appellate-briefs pellate and U.S. Supreme Court filed by the firm. Dating from the 1990s to the present. The cases are arranged in al- phabetical order by plaintiff’s name. Securities and Exchange Commission www.sec.gov/litigation/briefs.shtml Securities Class Action Clearinghouse www.securities.stanford.edu/index.html . The Clearinghouse provides detailed

July 1998 to present: All briefs (other than IFP July 1998 to present: All briefs (other than type or subject. responses) are searchable and listed by 1982–1996: Selected briefs are searchable. There are 1982–1996: Selected briefs are searchable. of these Terms. also lists of briefs for some, but not all, Contains briefs prepared and filed by the Office of the So- Briefs are available from 2004 to present and are listed in are listed and 2004 to present from are available Briefs The EEOC’s briefs collection contains briefs filed by the The EEOC’s briefs collection contains Contains amicus briefs and other legal documents, vari- Contains amicus briefs and other legal This site seeks to provide convenient access to all briefs This site seeks to provide •  • the Depart- Briefs from 2001, listed by division within This page provides access to all merits briefs filed in the all merits briefs filed provides access to This page licitor in litigation involving the FLRA from 1997 forward. Federal Labor Relations Authority www.flra.gov/briefs chronological order. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission www.ferc.gov/legal/court-cases/appellate-briefs.asp EEOC in the United States Courts of Appeals in cases in which the EEOC is a party. In addition, the collection also includes EEOC amicus briefs filed in the U.S. Courts of Ap- database in- courts. This and state courts, peals, district cludes most briefs filed in 2000 onward, and some briefs prior to that date. Briefs filed after May 2012 are not cur- rently available on the website. Briefs filed in the Supreme Court are available from the Office of the Solicitor General at the Department of Justice. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Equal Employment Opportunity Commission www1.eeoc.gov/eeoc/litigation/briefs.cfm ous dates. EPIC is a public interest research center in Wash- ous dates. EPIC is a public interest research public attention ington, D.C., established in 1994 to focus protect privacy, the on emerging civil liberties issues and to First Amendment, and constitutional values. Electronic Privacy Information Center http://epic.org/privacy/litigation (other than responses in IFP cases) filed by the Solicitor in IFP cases) filed by the Solicitor (other than responses grouped by the Supreme Court term General. Briefs are - are filed. The means available for locat during which they Term: ing briefs varies by Department of Labor, Office of the Solicitor www.dol.gov/sol/media/briefs/main.htm ment of Labor. Department of Justice-Civil Rights Division- of Justice-Civil Rights Department of the Solicitor General Department of Justice–Office www.justice.gov/osg/briefs Appellate Section Section Appellate justice.gov/crt/about/app/briefs.php 1, Sept. since Section Appellate the by appeals of courts briefs filed before that date. Copies 1999, as well as selected the from available are Court Supreme the in filed briefs of General. Office of the Solicitor SEARCHER’S VOICE > SC6 ONLINE SEARCHER SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENT The Daubert Tracker has amassed a collection of more more of collection a amassed has Tracker Daubert The cover- offers the same Reuters by Thomson This service updated, LexisAd- Note: At the time this list was being In- current. through 1936, 12, Aug. dated brief Earliest Coverage begins in 2000. There is no individual break- NOV | DEC 2013 NOV | DEC 2013 ton, West Virginia. The following federal courts are also also are courts federal following The Virginia. West ton, 9th Circuit all District Courts—Tennessee, represented: Court. and the U.S. Supreme 9th Circuit, District Courts, what indication of exactly is selective with no Coverage of $34 per cost is a flat fee are covered. The date ranges to the site. month for full access BriefBank The Daubert Tracker www.dauberttracker.com/product/briefbank.cfm and other supporting documents from than 10,000 briefs trial courts relating to “gatekeeping” both appellate and witness testimony. The documents challenges to expert date back to 1993, format and in searchable PDF are all of documents aggressively updated with the collection the Brief Bank for free and view the daily. You may search may have an in- first 10% of the document for which you you’d like to terest in purchasing. If you find a document for nonsubscribers purchase, the cost per document is $15 and $7.50 for subscribers. Legal Solutions http://legalsolutions.thomsonreuters.com/law-products/ westlawnext/litigator/briefs for subscriptions for age as Westlaw Next. The user can pay than the compre- individual state and federal briefs, rather hensive coverage offered by Westlaw Next. LexisAdvance www.lexisnexis.com information for its vance did not have individual coverage taken from the for- briefs. The information listed below is that the LexisAd- with the belief product mer Lexis.com the same mate- vance product would, at a minimum, cover rial as the former product. United States Supreme Court cludes merit briefs for cases granted certiorari and spe- cial masters, amicus curiae briefs, and joint appendices beginning in January 1979, with selected coverage from 1936. All briefs are available for cases granted certiorari briefs includes also after the 1993–1994 term; beginning petitioning for certiorari in civil cases (other than habeas cases) from the 1999–2000 term through current. For civ- il cases where cert. is denied, briefs are provided for cases on the paid docket but are not provided for cases on the In Forma Pauperis docket. No cert-stage briefs are pro- vided for habeas cases or for criminal cases that are sum- marily decided or where cert. is denied. United States Courts of Appeals Briefs down by circuit.

Florida New Jersey Ohio Oregon South Carolina Virginia BriefMine’s site claims to provide access to 150,000 BriefMine’s site claims to provide access to 150,000 Coverage begins in 1936. Coverage begins in 1934. briefs. How- database for state-level There is no specific Even if your jurisdiction does not offer free access to ap- Even if your jurisdiction briefs searchable through a natural language search en- gine. BriefMine provides access to briefs from the follow- ing state courts: Connecticut, California, Florida, Ken- tucky, Minnesota, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Washing- Wisconsin, Hampshire, Texas, Tennessee, Utah, BriefMine www.briefmine.com United States Supreme Court Briefs U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals State-Level with links to ever, some states have searchable dockets case. Bloomberg briefs in the docket record of the specific allows a user to re- also has a “court runner” option that appropriate the to sent be will runner a and brief, a quest states have courthouse to retrieve a copy. The following jurisdiction: searchable dockets. Dates will vary by Arkansas Arizona California Colorado Connecticut District of Columbia Georgia Illinois Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Missouri Nevada New York Oklahoma Pennsylvania Texas Washington Wisconsin Bloomberg Law www.bloomberglaw.com pellate briefs online, some commercial vendors provide some commercial vendors provide pellate briefs online, briefs online for a fee. FEE-BASED APPELLATE COURT BRIEFS ONLINE FEE-BASED APPELLATE filings, and other litigation-related materials filed in litigation-related materials filed in filings, and other these cases. information relating to the prosecution, defense, and set- defense, relating to the prosecution, information litigation. securities fraud federal class-action tlement of of issu- an Index of Filings maintains The Clearinghouse - class-action securi named in federal that have been ers Securities of the Private lawsuits since passage ties fraud Act of 1995. The Clearinghouse also Litigation Reform briefs, 6,000 complaints, copies of more than contains SEARCHER’S VOICE SC7 Coverage begins in 1998. Coverage begins in 1990. Coverage 1994. Coverage begins in 1999. Coverage begins in 1997. Coverage begins in 1999. Coverage begins in Coverage begins in 2001. Coverage begins in 2003. Coverage begins in 2003. New Jersey Coverage begins in 1999. New York Coverage begins in 1992. North Dakota Coverage begins in 2003. Coverage begins in 2007 Coverage begins in 1995. Coverage begins in 1999. Coverage begins in 1997. Coverage begins in 2004. Coverage begins with 2002. Wisconsin Coverage begins in 1991. ONLINE SEARCHER SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENT ([email protected]) is the associate dean for associate Michael Whiteman ([email protected]) is the NOV | DEC 2013 NOV | DEC 2013 Law Library Services and Information Technology at Northern Kentucky University Chase College of Law. He received his B.A. from Concordia University in Montreal, Canada, his J.D. from the University of Louis- ville, and his M.S.L.I.S. from Simmons College. He is a member of the Massachusetts Bar. Hawaii Georgia begins in 2007. Coverage Illinois Idaho begins in 1990. Coverage Iowa Indiana 1992. Coverage begins in Kentucky Kansas 1994. Coverage begins in Louisiana 2000. Coverage begins in Massachusetts Maryland 1997. Coverage begins in Minnesota Michigan Coverage begins in 1995. Mississippi Missouri Coverage begins in 2000. Montana Nebraska Coverage begins in 2004. New Hampshire Coverage begins in 2003. New Mexico Coverage begins in 2003. North Carolina Coverage begins in 1998. Ohio Oklahoma Coverage begins in 1990. Pennsylvania Coverage begins in 1994. South Carolina Coverage begins in 2007. Tennessee Texas Coverage begins in 2003. Utah Coverage begins in 2005. Virginia Washington Coverage begins in 1990. West Virginia Coverage begins in 2004. Wyoming Coverage begins in 2004.

Coverage begins in 2002. Coverage begins in 2001. Coverage begins in 2000. Coverage begins in 2004. Florida Coverage begins in 1993. in 1998 US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces beginning • U.S. Tax Court coverage beginning in 1999 • First Circuit beginning in 1976 • Second Circuit beginning in 1981 • Third Circuit beginning in 1982 • Fourth Circuit beginning in 1976 • Fifth Circuit beginning in 1972 • Sixth Circuit beginning in 1995 • Seventh Circuit beginning in 1987 • Eighth Circuit beginning in 1980 • Ninth Circuit beginning in 1973 • 10th Circuit beginning in 2000 • 11th Circuit beginning in 1980 • District of Columbia Circuit beginning in 1976 • Federal Circuit beginning in 1983 •  For briefs, coverage begins with 1930; for petitions, cov- For briefs, coverage begins with 1930; Coverage begins in October 1998. Coverage begins in 2000. Coverage begins in Virtual Docket.com is not the official docket, and users is not the official docket, and users Virtual Docket.com Coverage begins in 2000. There is no individual break- is no individual begins in 2000. There Coverage State Court Briefs Alabama Alaska Coverage begins in 2001. Arizona Arkansas Coverage begins in 1999. California Colorado Coverage begins in 1998. Connecticut Delaware Coverage begins in 2002. District of Columbia Coverage begins in 2004. United States Court of Appeals Briefs erage begins with 1985. Selected earlier documents may documents may erage begins with 1985. Selected earlier be included. United States Supreme Court Briefs Delaware Supreme Court Delaware Supreme WestlawNext http://info.legalsolutions.thomsonreuters.com/westlawnext/ default.aspx Delaware Chancery Court Delaware Chancery should not rely exclusively on the information as if it it on the information as if should not rely exclusively were official. Virtual Docket Virtual Docket www.virtualdocket.com down by state beyond this statement. down by state State Appellate Court Briefs State Appellate