DOCSLIB.ORG

TACR: Viet Nam: Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TACR: Viet Nam: Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in The Technical Assistance Consultant’s Final Report Project Number: 43295 December 2011 Socialist Republic of Viet Nam: Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in the Mekong Delta (Cofinanced by the Climate Change Fund and the Government of Australia) Prepared by Peter Mackay and Michael Russell Sinclair Knight Merz (SKM) Melbourne, Australia For Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (IMHEN), the Ca Mau Peoples Committee and the Kien Giang Peoples Committee This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Ca Mau Peoples Committee Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in The Mekong Delta – Part A Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment Final Report Climate Change Vulnerability & Risk Assessment Study for Ca Mau and Kien Giang Kien Giang Peoples Provinces, Vietnam Committee Ca Mau Kien Giang Peoples Peoples Committee Committee Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in The Mekong Delta – Part A Final Report Climate Change Vulnerability & Risk Assessment Study for Ca Mau and Kien Giang Provinces, Vietnam December 2011 Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in Mekong Delta – Part A FOREWORD PAGE i Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in Mekong Delta – Part A CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................... VII KEY TERMS ................................................................................................................................................. IX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ X 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 THE REGIONAL CONTEXT ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 The Mekong Delta ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.2.2 Socio-Economic Context ............................................................................................................... 4 1.2.3 Sectoral Growth and Diversification ............................................................................................. 4 1.2.4 The Agriculture Sector .................................................................................................................. 6 1.2.5 Industry Sector .............................................................................................................................. 7 1.2.6 Energy Sector ................................................................................................................................ 8 1.2.7 Urban Settlements ........................................................................................................................ 9 1.2.8 Transport ...................................................................................................................................... 9 2. CVRA APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................ 11 2.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................... 11 2.2 EVALUATING VULNERABILITIES ............................................................................................................... 13 2.2.1 Key Sectors ................................................................................................................................. 14 2.2.2 Vulnerability Indicators .............................................................................................................. 15 2.2.3 Analysing Adaptive Capacity ...................................................................................................... 18 2.2.4 Control Measures ....................................................................................................................... 19 2.2.5 Vulnerability Profiles .................................................................................................................. 20 2.2.6 Mapping Vulnerability ................................................................................................................ 21 2.2.7 The Adaptation Assessment Process .......................................................................................... 22 2.3 IDENTIFYING AND ANALYSING FUTURE RISK .............................................................................................. 24 3. CLIMATE CHANGE ............................................................................................................................. 28 3.1 CLIMATE IN THE MEKONG DELTA ............................................................................................................ 28 3.1.1 Observed Changes ...................................................................................................................... 28 3.2 GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE .................................................................................................................... 34 3.2.1 Climate Change and Emission Scenarios .................................................................................... 34 3.3 CLIMATE MODELS AND DOWNSCALING .................................................................................................... 35 3.3.1 Modelling used in the Project ..................................................................................................... 36 3.4 FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS (2030 AND 2050) .......................................................................... 40 3.4.1 Temperature ............................................................................................................................... 40 3.4.2 Rainfall ....................................................................................................................................... 41 3.4.3 Sea Level Rise.............................................................................................................................. 43 3.4.4 Wind Speed ................................................................................................................................. 44 3.4.5 Other Climatic Factors ................................................................................................................ 44 3.4.6 Model Discrepancies ................................................................................................................... 45 3.5 CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ASSESSMENTS .................................................................................................. 45 3.5.1 Hydrology and water resources .................................................................................................. 45 3.5.2 Coastal impacts .......................................................................................................................... 46 4. CA MAU PROVINCE ........................................................................................................................... 47 4.1 POPULATION AND PEOPLE ..................................................................................................................... 47 4.1.1 Socially Vulnerable Groups ......................................................................................................... 51 4.1.2 Poverty Incidence ....................................................................................................................... 52 4.1.3 Unemployment ........................................................................................................................... 53 4.1.4 Health ......................................................................................................................................... 53 PAGE i Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study in Mekong Delta – Part A 4.1.5 Education .................................................................................................................................... 55 4.2 PROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT ...................................................................................................... 56 4.3 LANDUSE ........................................................................................................................................... 57 4.4 AGRICULTURE ..................................................................................................................................... 59 4.4.1 Cropping and Livestock ............................................................................................................... 59 4.4.2 Aquaculture ................................................................................................................................ 60 4.4.3 Fisheries .....................................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Developing West-Northern Provinces of Vietnam: Challenge to Integrate with GMS Market Via China-Laos-Vietnam Triangle Cooperation
    CHAPTER 7 Developing West-Northern Provinces of Vietnam: Challenge to Integrate with GMS Market via China-Laos-Vietnam Triangle Cooperation Phi Vinh Tuong This chapter should be cited as: Phi, Vinh Tuong, 2012. “Developing West-Northern Provinces of Vietnam: Challenge to Integrate with GMS Market via China-Laos-Vietnam Triangle Cooperation.” In Five Triangle Areas in The Greater Mekong Subregion, edited by Masami Ishida, BRC Research Report No.11, Bangkok Research Center, IDE-JETRO, Bangkok, Thailand. CHAPTER 7 DEVELOPING WEST-NORTHEN PROVINCES OF VIETNAM: CHALLENGE TO INTEGRATE WITH GMS MARKET VIA CHINA-LAOS-VIETNAM TRIANGLE COOPERATION Phi Vinh Tuong INTRODUCTION The economy of Vietnam has benefited from regional and world markets over the past 20 years of integration. Increasing trade promoted investment, job creation and poverty reduction, but the distribution of trade benefits was not equal across regions. Some remote and mountainous areas, such as the west-northern region of Vietnam, were left at the margin. Even though they are important to the development of Vietnam, providing energy for industrialization, the lack of resource allocation hinders infrastructure development and, therefore, reduces their chances of access to regional and world markets. The initiative of developing one of the northern triangles, which consists of three west-northern provinces of Vietnam, the northern provinces of Laos and a southern part of Yunnan Province in China (we call the northern triangle as CHLV Triangle hereafter), could be a new approach for this region’s development. Strengthening the cooperation and specialization among these provinces may increase the chances of exporting local products with higher value added to regional markets, including the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) and south-western Chinese markets.
    [Show full text]
  • Prostitution Mobility and Representations
    Prostitution Mobility and Representations The Case of Vietnamese Prostitutes going to Cambodia Nicolas Lainez March 2011 Research report no. 1 Alliance Anti-Trafic Vietnam (AAT, Vietnam) Alliance Anti-Trafic Vietnam combats sexual exploitation, in particular sexual abuse, prostitution and trafficking in women and female minors, in Southeast Asia. Alliance Anti- Trafic Vietnam develops pilot projects to help and protect women and minors through field actions implemented in a holistic and regional approach. Alliance Anti-Trafic Vietnam designs, manages and implements a project of action-oriented research. The organization believes that sexual exploitation, prostitution and trafficking in women and children deserve extensive research from a wide and interdisciplinary perspective. The project has various objectives: 1) to fill knowledge gaps; 2) to optimize current research tools; 3) to test innovative methods for data collection; 4) to foster close cooperation between academics, action-oriented researchers and policy-makers; 5) to network with key institutions from academia and the development sector, as well as government agencies in order to promote complementary efforts and synergies. Nicolas Lainez is in charge of the research project. He is a Ph.D. candidate in social anthropology (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, France) and Associated Researcher at the Research Institute on Contemporary Southeast Asia (IRASEC, Thailand). His email is: [email protected] The original French manuscript was translated by Susan Emanuel, a professional translator in the social sciences with over 20 years of experience. She is presently working on an edited volume to be called The Yellow Trade: Trafficking of Women and Children in Colonial Vietnam, edited by Nicolas Lainez.
    [Show full text]
  • My Tho City Sub-Project 2011
    PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE OF MY THO CITY PPMU OF MY THO CITY URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT 2011 Public Disclosure Authorized MEKONG DELTA REGION URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT MY THO CITY SUB-PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM WORLD BANK (WB) PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE OF MY THO CITY ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT MEKONG DELTA REGION URBAN UPGRADING PROJECT (MDR- UUP) MY THO SUB-PROJECT Project's owner Consulting unit PEOPLE'S COMMITTEE OF DONG DUONG INVESTMENT AND MY THO CITY VICE-CHAIRMAN GIAMDOC J1IF~/b 7{i/b AM/! My Tho, November 2011 Executive Summary of EIA Report and EMP Mekong Delta region Urban Upgrading Project (MDR-UUp) - Mv Tho ci~ Sub-pro;ect TABLE OF CONTENTS ffiTRODUCTION •••.••.•••••••••••••.•••••.•••.••••....••••..•••••.••..••.•.•.••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•.•••.•••.••.•••.••.•••••..• 1 Background •••.•••.••••.•.•.••••.••.•.••••.•.••••••••••.••••••••.•.••••••.•••••.••••••••••.•.••••••••••••••.••.•••••••••.•••••••••••...•..•....•.•..••••..•• 1 Basis of law, legislation and regulation ••••.••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••.•••.•••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••• 1 1- PROJECT DESCR:IPTION •••••••••••••••••.•.•••••••••••••••••••••.•.•.••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•.•••••••••••••••• 3 2 - BASELINE CONDITIONS ••••••••••.•.••••••••.••••••••.••••••••••••••••.•••.•.••••.••••••••••••.•••••..•••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••• 6 2.1. Geography and climate •••••••••••.••••••.•.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••.••••••.•.•.•.••.•.••••••••••.
    [Show full text]
  • Planned Relocationsinthe Mekong Delta: Asuccessful Model Forclimate
    June 2015 PLANNED RELOCATIONS IN THE MEKONG DELTA: A SUCCESSFUL MODEL FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION, A CAUTIONARY TALE, OR BOTH? AUTHORED BY: Jane M. Chun Planned Relocations in the Mekong Delta Page ii The Brookings Institution is a private non-profit organization. Its mission is to conduct high-quality, independent research and, based on that research, to provide innovative, practical recommendations for policymakers and the public. The conclusions and recommendations of any Brookings research are solely those of its author(s), and do not reflect the views of the Institution, its management, or its other scholars. Support for this publication was generously provided by The John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. Brookings recognizes that the value it provides is in its absolute commitment to quality, independence, and impact. Activities supported by its donors reflect this commitment. 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 www.brookings.edu © 2015 Brookings Institution Front Cover Photograph: A Vietnamese woman receiving fresh water after the floods in the Mekong Delta (EU/ECHO, March, 6, 2012). Planned Relocations in the Mekong Delta Page iii THE AUTHOR Jane M. Chun holds a PhD from the University of Oxford, where her research focused on the intersection of environmental change and stress, vulnerability, livelihoods and assets, and human mobility. She also holds an MA in international peace and conflict resolution from American University, and an MM and BA in classical music. Dr Chun has conducted research for a range of organizations on related topics, and has also worked as a humanitarian and development practitioner with agencies such as UNICEF, UNDP, and IOM.
    [Show full text]
  • Problematic Progress: Reading Environmental and Social Change in the Mekong Delta
    77 Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 34 (1), pp 77-96 February 2003. Printed in the United Kingdom. © 2003 The National University of Singapore Problematic Progress: Reading Environmental and Social Change in the Mekong Delta David Biggs Colonial engineers and administrators often referred to the pre-colonial Mekong Delta landscape as a vast solitude yet to be reorganised through their hydraulic technology. However, the environmental history of the Delta's waterways is more complex, suggesting that colonial projects were to some extent embedded within an existing infrastructure. This problematises the rhetorical concept of Progress within a colonial context and its value as a metaphor to understand human changes to the landscape. In 1930 the Governor-General of French Indochina, Pierre Pasquier, spoke at the inauguration ceremony for a new canal in the western Mekong Delta. French planners had designed the canal to improve transportation along the coast of the (then) Gulf of Siam between R≠ch Giá and Hà Tiên; it was to carry fresh water into coastal lands seasonally inundated by salt water, one of a series of projects to expand settlement into the Long Xuyên Quadrangle (T4 giác), a depressed floodplain covering more than 400,000 hectares between the H¢u Giang River and the Gulf. The Quadrangle is bounded at its corners by the towns of Long Xuyên, Châu ∏πc, Hà Tiên and R≠ch Giá. Pasquier used the opportunity to defend the colonial position in Indochina at a time when anti- colonial uprisings were mounting. He celebrated France’s ‘civilising
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Monitoring Report VIE: GREATER MEKONG SUB-REGION
    Environmental Monitoring Report Semi-Annual Report January - June, 2016 VIE: GREATER MEKONG SUB-REGION FLOOD AND DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION PROJECT Prepared by Vietnam Water, Sanitation and Environmental JS Company for the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and the Asian Development Bank MINISTRY OF RURAL ASIAN DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT AND BANK AGRICULTURAL CENTRAL OFFICE FOR WATER RESOURCES PROJECT – CPO BIDDING PACKAGE GMS-4.10 INDEPENDENT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CONSULTANT FIRST SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT GREATER MEKONG SUB REGION FLOOD AND DROUGHT RISK MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATION PROJECT (ADB-GMS1) INVESTOR CONSULTING UNIT CENTRAL PROJECT OFFICE - CPO VIETNAM WATER, SANITATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL JS COMPANY HANOI July, 2016 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Up to 16 th August, 2013) Currency unit – Viet Nam Dong (VND) $1.00 = VND 20.815 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank Ban QLDA – Project Management Unit BVMT – Environmental protection CBOs – Community Based Organizations CEMP – Community Environmental Management Program CPMU – Central Project Management Unit CPO – Central Project Office EMP – Environmental Management Plan GOV – Government M&E – Monitoring and Evaluation PPMU – Provincial Project management Unit PRA – Public Relative Assessment QLMT – Environmental management SEMP – Site Environmental Management Program TN&MT – Natural resources and Environment TOR – Terms of References TVGS – Monitoring Consultant DONRE – Department of Natural Resources and Environment IEE – Initial Environmental Examination PMU – Project Management Unit QCVN – Vietnam National Environmental Standards UNITS OF MEASUREMENT ha – Hectare kg – Kilogram Km – Kilometer M – Meter t – Ton NOTES In this report, "$" refers to US dollars unless otherwise state. This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.
    [Show full text]
  • Vietnam Business: Vietnam Development Report 2006 Report Business: Development Vietnam Vietnam Report No
    Report No. 34474-VNReport No. Vietnam 34474-VN Vietnam Development Business: Report 2006 Vietnam Business Vietnam Development Report 2006 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized November 30, 2005 Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Unit East Asia and Pacific Region Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Document of the World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized IMF International Monetary Fund JBIC Japan Bank for International Cooperation JSB Joint Stock Bank JSC Joint Stock Company LDIF Local Development Investment Fund LEFASO Vietnam Leather and Footwear Association LUC Land-Use Right Certificate MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MDG Millennium Development Goal MOC Ministry of Construction MOET Ministry of Education and Training MOF Ministry of Finance MOH Ministry of Health MOHA Ministry of Home Affairs MOI Ministry of Industry MOLISA Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs MONRE Ministry ofNatural Resources and the Environment MOT Ministry of Transport MPDF Mekong Private Sector Development Facility MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment NBIC National Business Information Center NGO Non-Governmental Organization NOIP National Office for Intellectual Property NPL Non-Performing Loan NPV Net Present Value ODA Official Development Assistance OOG Office of Government OSS One-Stop Shop PCF People’s Credit Fund PCI Provincial Competitiveness Index PER-IFA Public Expenditure Review-Integrated
    [Show full text]
  • Viet Nam Central Committee for Flood and Storm Control VIET NAM COUNTRY REPORT
    Viet Nam Central Committee for Flood and Storm Control VIET NAM COUNTRY REPORT By: Mr. Nguyen Ngoc Dong, Director, Disaster Management Centre DEPARTMENT OF DYKE MANAGEMENT AND FLOOD AND STORM CONTROL CONTENTS 1. Flood and Typhoon Situation * 2. Damage caused by the storms and flood (up to 31 December 1998) * 3. Actions taken to Guide, to Respond to, and to Combat the Effects of the Floods and Storms * In 1998, Viet Nam suffered a number of severe disasters. Most notable were the serious summer drought and the severe flooding in Central Viet Nam which resulted from Tropical Storms Babs, Chip, Dawn, Faith, and Elvis, causing tremendous loss of life and property damage. In this report we will concentrate on the flood disaster that occurred in the Central and Central Highlands Provinces of Viet Nam. 1. Flood and Typhoon Situation From November to December 1998, Storms Nos. 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 struck the Central and Central Highlands Provinces of Vietnam in succession. The storms combined with a cold front from the North and high tides to cause heavy rain in coastal provinces from Quang Binh to Binh Thuan and in the Central Highlands. Average rainfall was measured at about 200 to 600 mm, while at A Luoi (in Thua Thien Hue), as well as at Tra My, Xuan Binh, and Tien Phuoc (in Quang Nam-Da Nang) rainfall averaged 800 to 1,200 mm. Rain over a large area raised the water levels on rivers from Quang Tri Province to Khanh Hoa Province above Alarm Level III (the highest Vietnamese flood-disaster Alarm Level designation).
    [Show full text]
  • Has Dyke Development in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Shifted flood Hazard Downstream?
    Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3991–4010, 2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3991-2017 © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Has dyke development in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta shifted flood hazard downstream? Nguyen Van Khanh Triet1,4, Nguyen Viet Dung1,4, Hideto Fujii2, Matti Kummu3, Bruno Merz1, and Heiko Apel1 1GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 5.4 Hydrology, 14473, Potsdam, Germany 2Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan 3WDRG Water & Development Research Group, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland 4SIWRR Southern Institute of Water Resources Research, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Correspondence to: Nguyen Van Khanh Triet ([email protected]) Received: 4 March 2017 – Discussion started: 6 April 2017 Revised: 26 June 2017 – Accepted: 5 July 2017 – Published: 7 August 2017 Abstract. In the Vietnamese part of the Mekong Delta of 19–32 cm. However, the relative contributions of the three (VMD) the areas with three rice crops per year have been drivers of change vary in space across the delta. In summary, expanded rapidly during the last 15 years. Paddy-rice culti- our study confirms the claims that the high-dyke develop- vation during the flood season has been made possible by im- ment has raised the flood hazard downstream. However, it plementing high-dyke flood defenses and flood control struc- is not the only and not the most important driver of the ob- tures. However, there are widespread claims that the high- served changes. It has to be noted that changes in tidal levels dyke system has increased water levels in downstream areas.
    [Show full text]
  • C-PFES) a Feasibility Study Identifying Opportunities, Challenges, and Proposed Next Steps for Application of C-PFES in Vietnam
    CARBON PAYMENT FOR FOREST ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES (C-PFES) A Feasibility Study Identifying Opportunities, Challenges, and Proposed Next Steps for Application of C-PFES in Vietnam Prepared by the USAID Green Annamites Project in support of the Vietnam Forest Protection and Development Fund – March 2018 This study is made possible by the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents of this study are the sole responsibility of ECODIT and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................5 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................8 HISTORY OF PFES IN VIETNAM ................................................................................................................ 9 JUSTIFICATION FOR CARBON - PFES .......................................................................... 10 LEGISLATION AND POLICIES .................................................................................................................. 10 PFES SYSTEMS IN PLACE ............................................................................................................................ 11 STRENGTHENING THE PFES PROGRAM ............................................................................................. 11 FUNDING FOR NDC TARGETS - REDUCED
    [Show full text]
  • Responsive and Accountable Local Governance in Vietnam
    July 2019 / Nghe An, Ha Tinh and Kon Tum Responsive and Accountable Local RALG The Responsive and Accountable Governance in Vietnam Local Governance (RALG) project is a Belgium funded project implemented in three provinces of Vietnam: Nghe Context of citizen engagement and participation for An, Ha Tinh and Kon Tum, from 2017 development (literature review) to 2019. The project aimed to improve the local Growing dissatisfaction with the effectiveness of elections as the main channel for government responses to citizens’ citizen voice and engagement has led to increased reliance on other, perhaps more feedback and assessment of their interactive mechanisms of engagement, based on increased dialogue, collaboration performance. and participatory decision-making among various stakeholders within civil society and the state. The purpose of this note is to reflect on experiences and learn lessons for Nobel laureate Amartya Sen has argued strongly that citizen engagement is similar future projects. intrinsically valuable, as it represents a key component of human capability. For Sen, participating in one’s development through open and non-discriminatory processes, having a say without fear, and speaking up against perceived injustices and wrongs are fundamental freedoms that are integral to one’s wellbeing and quality of life 1. For others, citizen engagement is significant in terms of its instrumental value; it is seen as a means to achieve a variety of development goals – ranging from better poverty targeting, to improved public service delivery, to better and maintained infrastructure, to social cohesion, to improved government accountability. For example, having communities involved in the management and monitoring of services can help meeting those communities’ needs more effectively, and that local problems or gaps are more efficiently identified and dealt with.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Regional Linkage in Tourism Development of Vietnam Van Hoa
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 30 July 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0578.v1 Regional Linkage in Tourism Development of Vietnam Van Hoa Hoang, Manh Dung Tran, Thi Van Hoa Tran, Vu Hiep Hoang National Economics University, Vietnam Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel: +84 947 120 510 Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the status of regional linkage in tourism development in in the Midlands and Northern Mountains of Vietnam. The data was collected from a survey of 755 people, including officials from State management bodies in charge of tourism, officials and staffs at tourism resorts, tourism firms, tourism scientists and tourists. In addition, we conducted 10 group discussions, interviewed 30 State tourism agency officials and tourism firms in the Midland and Mountainous provinces of Vietnam. The results show that tourism development in Vietnam in general and the Northwest region in particular is extremely fragmented, not yet forming a regional linkage; Regional and national tourism development programs are just formalistic. The main cause of the situation is the limited regional integration policy in Vietnam, the lack of appropriate regional governance mechanisms and inactive participation of the private sector in regional integration. Based on the findings, we propose a tourism sector linkage model; besides, policy implications are given for fulfilling the linkage policy in the Midlands and Northern Mountains area. Keywords: Midlands and Northern Mountains, tourism linkage, Vietnam. 1. Introduction Since the 1990s, the Vietnamese Government has advocated regional economic development, employed “zoning plan” to promote regional coordination. In 2012-2013, the Government approved the master plan for socio-economic development for 6 regions up to 2020 including: i) the North Central and Central Coast; ii) the Central Highlands; iii) the Mekong River Delta; iv) the Southeast; v) the Red River Delta; and vi) in the Midlands and Northern Mountains.
    [Show full text]