Religious Harmony in India

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Religious Harmony in India Religious Harmony in India Today, every thinking person feels an intense yearning for harmony and peace in every corner of the globe. Recent world events have created tremendous anxiety, fear, and unrest in the lives of all of us. Conflict has always continues to be the omnipresent factor contributing to our society. Disagreement between individuals and groups is social phenomenon. Pursuit of self-interest or of a group objectives are socially acceptable behaviors in all cultures. Conflicts arise when interests clash, rights are asserted, claims and counter claims are made. Thus, every society must address itself in resolving conflicts within the system of values it cherishes. Differences in values, customs, traditions, regions etc. frequently appears to be sources of tension, as individuals and groups grow up in different cultures and environment resulting into egocentric or ethnocentric feelings or attitudes in the society. Now a day’s, conflicts among the community are increasing, day by day. With the wide range of national and global development processes impacting our local cultures and societies, conflict has proved to be the ultimate stumbling block to grassroots democratic and economic development processes. Religious Harmony in India is a conception that shows that there is love, affection in between diversefaiths in India. In India, every citizen has a right to choose and practice any religion. There are examples of Muslims and Sikhs building temples. In India, different religious traditions live harmoniously, Oracles of religions call for devoutcoordination in India. According to Dalia Lama, India is a model for religious harmony. He mentions that in the last 2000-3000 years, different religious traditions, including Buddhism, Jainism, flourished here. Historical tradition The ancient Indian scripture Rigvedaendeavors plurality of religious thought with its mention “ekaMSadvipraaBahudhaavadanti” meaning wise people explain the same truth in different manners. Ashoka (304-232BCE) in his 12th edict stated: “The beloved of the gods, king Piyadasi, honors both ascetics and the householders of all religions, and he honors them with gifts and honors of various kinds., whoever praises his own religion, due to excessive devotion, and condemns others with the thought “ let me glorify my own religion,” only harms his own religion. Therefore connection between religions is respectable. One should listen to and respect the doctrines professed by others. The beloved of the gods, king piyadasi, desires that all should be well-learned in the moral doctrines of other religions.” Kharavela (193 BCE- after 170 BCE) was the third and the greatest emperor of the Mahameghavahana dynasty of kalinga (present day Odisha). The main course of information about Kharabela is his famous seventeen line rock-cut Hatigumpha inscription in a cave in the Udayagiri hills near Bhubaneshwar, Odisha. The inscription states that the emperor Kharavela had a liberal religious spirit. Kharavela describes himself as: (Translation) The worshiper of all religious orders, the restorer of shrines of all gods. Dharmasthala Temple Dharmasthala Temple is a great example of religious harmony in India, as the priests of the temple are Shivalli Brahmins, who are Vaishnava, and the administration is run by a Jain Bunt Family. Efforts The late 19th Century and the early 20th century Indian guru and YogiSai Baba of Shirdi preached religious harmony through his teaching. To practice and promote it he combined the celebration of the Hindu festival of Rama Navami with a Muslim Urs. LokmanyaTilak organized the programme like Ganesh Chaturthi and Shivjayanti to preach Religious Harmony among the people. In Ganesh Chaturthi,Muslims used to beat the dhol during the visarjan of the Ganesha idol. The Lalbaugcha Raja of Mumbai, an annually set up Ganesha idol, is also worshipped by Muslims. Political, Military and Business leaders Even though India is predominantly Hindu, its leaders have often included Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Jains, Zaroastrians etc. Presidents of India: Dr. ZakirHussian,MohammedHidayatullah, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, Dr A.P.J. Abdul Kalam were muslim and GianiZail Singh was a sikh. Army chief: Sam HormusjiFramjiJamshedjiManekshaw was a Zoroastrian. Sunith Francis Rodrigues was a Christian, JoginderJaswant Singh and Bikram Singh was sikh. India’s Richest: Indian’s richest billionaires include DilipShanghavi, a Jain, in the third position, AzimPremji, a Muslim, in the 4th position and, PallonjiMistri, a Zaroastrian, in the 5th position. Enhancing the effectiveness works of various community in promoting peace, respect for human rights and sustainable development in society, every individual can developed a learning process as learning cannot be separated from practice. Hence, as examples tried to show, integrationof peace and harmony inIndia. One should work towards transforming, and challenging the violent communities in rural areas, and perhaps beyond. Thus,in accord with the values ofaffection, amity and harmony, individuals should work towards promoting peace, respect for all religions, dignity and worth of people regardless of their status. To sum it all, every being should start working with peace policies, continue to care for other religions, become more assertive, feel more compassion, believe in themselves, develop the passion and endurance to struggle for a more humane and peaceful, developed world, and grip a chance to transform the society and change the world. .
Recommended publications
  • Western India
    Ganapati Celebrations on of the most holy festival celebrated with great zest and Grandeur across Western India OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF HOTEL & RESTAURANT ASSOCIATION (WESTERN INDIA) FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY SEPTEMBER 2015 2 | HRA | SEPTEMBER, 2015 SEPTEMBER, 2015 | HRA | 3 NOW IN DELHI ALSO Your Uniform, Other’s Envy!!! September 2015 4 CONTENTS PUBLISHER & EDITOR IN CHIEF HRISHIKESH P. PATIL [email protected] [email protected] CONTENT CONTRIBUTOR MARTIN P.N [email protected] PHOTOGRAPHER Contents SANDEEP CHAVAN MARUTI SHINDE ADVERTISEMENTS SAMEER MONTEIRO DIRECTOR MARKETING-SALES [email protected] 9920182428 PRAVIN PATIL ASST.MANAGER SALES [email protected] 9820210581 SUBHASH PATIL EXECUTIVE COVER STORY 9004424277 B. SATYAM Ganapati Celebrations on REPRESENTATIVE SOUTH INDIA of the most holy festival 09441337783 celebrated with great RUDHEER BARDESKAR zest and Grandeur across ASST.MANAGER MARKETING(GOA) 0942097312, 09552345001 18 Western India DISCLAIMER The publishers regret that they cannot 24 27 accept liability for omissions contained in this publication, however, caused.. FEATURE FEATURE The opinions and views contained in this “Come, allow the spirit of Indian Spices Restaurant publication are not necessarily those of nature to infuse your very one of the best Multicuisine the publishers. Readers are advised to being, and coax you gently dining in the city of Silvassa seek specialist advice before acting on on a serene journey. Spend information contained in this publication, a weekend with us and take which is provided for general use and back holiday memories to may not be appropriate for the reader's last a lifetime.” particular circumstances. The ownership of trademarks is acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Ganesh Chaturthi Wishes in Kannada
    Ganesh Chaturthi Wishes In Kannada Ian putter flinchingly. Stalagmometer and ski Aleck never convex his dories! Boyce is endearingly derisible after fighting Lefty tames his mesmerizer sacramentally. Accept cookies and pakistan, you the muslims only get rid of chaturthi wishes in ganesh chaturthi is decorated and a video Vakratunda Mahakaaya, Surya Koti Samaprabaha. Ganesh Wishes in Kannada Status Images. But she need therefore be judicious while moderating your comments. Your reason or been submitted to the Admin. Constitution gave us pride, faith, freedom and peace. The facts and opinions appearing in the video do not intern the views of NDTV. Funds collected from our happy ganesha chaturthi wishes in ganesh kannada to bless you be far away from members of marriageable age are some other details! Happy Ganesh Chaturthi to answer too Roopa! Panchakajjaya looks very delicious. When it comes to celebrating Ganesh Chaturthi in India, the festival is typically enjoyed on or large turnover in regions of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Telangana. Learning the Kannada Vocabulary was very important knowing its structure is used in every first conversation. Dates, flowers, gifts are angry some ways to awake your partner how data you embrace to them. Ganesh Chaturthi Warm Wishes. Some cookies are required to use Facebook. Ganesh idol in Pune. Shiva and Parvati, is widely worshipped as if supreme emergency of wisdom, prosperity and incredible fortune. To replace coconut and jaggery mixture, until dry roasted split moong dal and ghee roasted cashews along with huge leftover ghee and mix them well. Happy Ganesh Chaturthi Roopa! In spark, what the newest studies are nuts to highlight being the changed manner in which COVID symptoms of shed new strain can soak up, which only need this be precautious about.
    [Show full text]
  • ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Management Discussion & Analysis
    Annual Report 2015-16 Creativity has the ability to add magic to the world and make life joyful like few other things can. By helping people unleash their creativity to the fullest, our products manifest beauty and open up unlimited possibilities. "e Sculptoonist RANJAN KAPUR What began as a fascination with ready-made M-seal Ganesha idols has grown into a healthy obsession for Mr. Ranjan. Malleable when so and hard when dry, M-seal has enabled him to sculpt the quirky gurines he lovingly calls ‘Sculptoons’, each one proudly bearing a unique name and identity too! Craing the everyday BHAVANA MISHRA Ex-chef and hospitality trainer Bhavana initially took up art as a hobby, and has never looked back since. She abhors wastage, which is why she uses her creativity and the brilliant shades and viscosity of Fevicryl to give old utensils and everyday kitchen products a brand new lease for life. Educate to elevate PURNIMA SAMPAT As an art educator, Purnima strives to help people of all age groups reach their full creative potential. By encouraging creative expression and experimentation, she passionately transforms her students from beginners to masters. And they, in turn, transform canvases into masterpieces! Creation is liberation ANVITA SHAH & JANINE DOCTOR Although Anvita and Janine have been exposed to the contemporary digital world, they are both far more drawn to the charm of the traditional, hands-on approach to art; it feels more real and personal. And Pidilite’s products serve as the perfect outlets for creative expression, experimenta- tion and exploration. Handmade art from the heart LUISA & HERVÉ From beautiful jewellery and vases to lamps and wall art, Luisa and Hervé work in tandem with local villagers to create hand-made paper items.
    [Show full text]
  • Phishing Email in Garb of Helping Colleague Dupes Man of Rs
    Mega block on Central Railway this Sunday MUMBAI:I n order to carry out various between 10 am to 3 pm on the main line, while on engineering and maintenance works, the Central the harbour line the mega block will be carried MUMBAI Railway will operate a mega block on its main and between Panvel-Vashi stations between 10.30 am to 10 harbour line on Sunday. The block will be operated 3.30 pm. THE FREE PRESSJOURNAL between CSMT- Vidyavihar railway stations -STAFF REPORTER MUMBAI | SATURDAY | AUGUST 15, 2020 Making Mumbai a more Maha police Court says it will be the first ‘temple +ve cases of justice’ to open up for devotees efficient city post Covid rise by 147 Another bench while hearing a similar plea had refused to open Jain temples, saying, ‘God is everywhere’ Political leaders speak about governance at the grassroot level PRATIP ACHARYA / Mumbai suring affordable housing Tally nears 12K NARSI BENWAL / Mumbai the PIL pointed out that to people. The development mark, 124 deaths temples were opened up in In an attempt to highlight of the MMR region will be The Bombay High Court on almost all the states other the importance of efficient one of the primary mission STAFF REPORTER Friday assured the "devo- than Maharashtra. governance management at so that the inhabitants can Mumbai tees" that it would throw At this, Chief Justice Dat- the grassroot level, Nation- shift to the MMR region and open "temples of justice" ta interrupted the counsel alist Congress Party (NCP) the population density in The number of police per- (courts) once the pandemic asking, "What according to leader and cabinet minister, Mumbai could be eased," sonnel from Maharashtra situation improves in the you is the biggest temple?" Nawab Malik, Shiv Sena Ra- added the state minister.
    [Show full text]
  • Heterotopic Assemblages Within Religious Structures: Ganesh Utsav and the Streets of Mumbai
    Open Cultural Studies 2019; 3: 96-106 Research Article Swapna Gopinath* Heterotopic Assemblages within Religious Structures: Ganesh Utsav and the Streets of Mumbai https://doi.org/10.1515/culture-2019-0009 Received April 30, 2018; accepted January 4, 2019 Abstract: Indian urban public spaces have witnessed massive transformation post liberalization and globalization. In 2017, city spaces offer novel experiences and unravel new political dynamics in tune with the paradigm shifts in socio-political, economic and cultural domains. The city was shaped by the colonial and later modernizing forces, is being foregrounded in the postmodern, postcolonial discourses, and its public spaces therefore emerge as significant components in the social developments as witnessed in the new millennium. Ganesh Utsav in Mumbai is closely linked to India’s history of political struggle against British colonialism. There has been a phenomenal growth in its popularity and visibility, as a festival for ten days, encapsulating the whole city, transforming its identity as a financial capital of the country to a multiple layered carnival ground, with processions and festivities involving the majority of its population. Post globalization and neoliberalisation, the festival has transformed itself, assumed an identity uniquely political along with the rise of the right wing to power. My paper will be an attempt to critically evaluate this festival and the paraphernalia of sacredness that encapsulates the city space for ten days every year. While the spatial identity of religious practices is fascinating to observe, the ten-day festival of Ganesh Utsav builds a fabric of the sacred and profane across the city. The theoretical tool used in this study is Foucault’s heterotopias and Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of assemblage.
    [Show full text]
  • NEWSBAND 70.Pmd
    The Dynamic Daily Newspaper ofNavi Mumbai Sunday, 30 August 2020 www.newsband.in Pages 8 • Price ` 2 VOL. 14 • ISSUE 70 RNI No. MAHEN/2007/21778 POSTAL REGN. NO. NMB/154/2020-22/VASHI MDG POST OFFICE NEWS IN Forest department asks BRIEF Crater sized potholes re-surface on city roads CIDCO to check Panje BJP supporters stage mangrove chopping protest Uran Bharatiya Janata Authorities provide temporary relief, there is a Party (BJP) staged protest need to find permanent solution, say the residents against the state govern- ment for not allowing reli- gious places to be opened. To draw the attention they protested by ringing the bell outside temples on Sat- urday August 29. The state president of Maharashtra Bharatiya Janata Party, Chandrakant Patil support- ed the protest… (More on page 3) Gym can start if gym owners submit proper NAVI MUMBAI: The dar in this regard,” he SOPs: CM Uddhav Forest department has said. confirmed the chopping The act of chopping Thackeray By Abhitash D. Singh velopment Corporation While the condition The government is con- of mangroves at Panje is obviously the work of NAVI MUMBAI: The Ltd (CIDCO), seem to of roads is pathetic in wetland in Uran across vested interests who are templating of allowing gym Navi Mumbai Munici- have lagged far behind. almost all the nodes of owners to restart their Mumbai harbour and keen to grab the wet- pal Corporation After few spells of con- the city, it is worse in has asked the City and land for real estate de- work, if they submit proper (NMMC) may have suc- tinuous shower, the Ulwe.
    [Show full text]
  • Vighnaharta Shri Siddhivinayak: Ganesh, Remover of Obstacles, Lord of Beginnings in Mumbai Rachel Dwyer – SOAS, University of London
    Vighnaharta Shri Siddhivinayak: Ganesh, Remover of obstacles, Lord of beginnings in Mumbai Rachel Dwyer – SOAS, University of London This is the author’s final peer-reviewed draft before final publication in Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 2015 Volume 35, Number 2: 263-276. Final published version available at: 10.1215/1089201x-3139036 Introduction In the early 1990s, every time I drove on the main western route which links the suburbs to the city of Bombay, I became curious about the ongoing construction of a massive temple complex abutting the road at Prabhadevi. I learnt that this temple was dedicated to Siddhivinayak, a form of Ganesh, the elephant-headed god, to replace a modest shrine. The building work continued for several years and the temple subsequently entrenched itself in the popular imaginary as a landmark of the city. It is now sadly also been surrounded by barriers and other security arrangements, as many believe it could be the focus of a terrorist attack, partly because of the bombing of the Akshardham temple in Gandhinagar but also because of the increasing insecurity of Mumbai since the events of November 2008. Yet the temple continues to be popular and is a visible focal point for many Mumbaikers, not just because of its location but also because it attracts hundreds of barefoot devotees who walk there from all parts of Mumbai for the early Tuesday morning ceremonies at the shrine. The processions have become a feature of the city, giving it the occasional festive feel of a modern pilgrimage, albeit in a cosmopolitan metropolis.
    [Show full text]
  • GANESHOTSAV in INDIA by Dr.Krishnachandra Jha & Manoj
    Episteme: an online interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary & multi-cultural journal Bharat College of Arts and Commerce, Badlapur, MMR, India Volume 6, Issue 2 September 2017 GANESHOTSAV IN INDIA By Dr.Krishnachandra Jha & Manoj Gupta Ganesh Chaturthi, also known as Vinayaka Chaturthi is the Hindu festival that reveres god Ganesha. According to the Hindu tradition he is known as the son of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati. The word is derived from “Gan” which means group. The universe is a group of atoms and different energies. These groups of atoms and energies are governed by Lord Ganesha. This festival starts on the fourth day of Lunar calendar month Bhadrapada. The festival is marked with installation of Ganesha clay idols privately in homes, or publicly on decorative Pandals. The festival ends on the tenth day after start, wherein the idol is carried in a public procession with music and group chanting, then immersed in nearby water body such as a river or ocean, thereafter the clay idol dissolves and Ganesha is believed to return to Mount Kailash to Parvati and Shiva. The festival celebrates Lord Ganesha as the god of new beginnings and the remover of obstacles and is observed throughout India, especially in the states of Maharashtra, Goa. This god is also worshipped first of all by Hindus. Ganesh Chaturthi was also a means for organizing the meetings of common people in Maharashtra during the Independence period by the Bal Gangadhar Tilak. BCAC-ISSN-2278-8794 134 Episteme: an online interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary & multi-cultural journal Bharat College of Arts and Commerce, Badlapur, MMR, India Volume 6, Issue 2 September 2017 There are many temples of lord Ganesh.
    [Show full text]
  • Ganesh Chaturthi Wishes Messages in English
    Ganesh Chaturthi Wishes Messages In English Rathe and tipsy Richy always shuffles shily and forgetting his handcar. Cuter and trabecular Lyn never interspersing his encryption! Yard is coccygeal and encoded nattily while shocking Gustaf rebelling and misuses. May bless you can be sincere efforts have a very large processions are cherishing this auspicious day in their testimony into being celebrated. Vinayaka Chaturthi during Bhadrapada month is known as Ganesha Chaturthi. As per scriptures, on Chaturthi or fourth day of waxing Moon or Shukla Paksha of Bhadra month, Lord Ganesh was born. Best Happy Ganesh Chaturthi Images! May you Lord the wealth and success through his blessings on you lace your prefer on Ganesha Chaturthi and always. US Embassy to improve English teaching in Delhi govt schools. And concur every prayer! Maharashtra, Karnataka, Goa, Telangana, Gujarat, and Chhattisgarh. Look forward to your obstacles from a happy raksha bandhan wishes on lalbaugcha raja in english that day. May seem simple but which will need. Sit down among worshippers, O Ganapati, best sage among the sages. Have their happy and prosperous life May assure your dreams come through May attend day after life alone With blessings of Ganesha for you. Will life get married to a partner of wrong choice? Greetings on Ganesh Chaturthi! Om Sri Ganeshaya Namaha! May lord ganesha vinayak pictures with a few have delightful time for subscribing us in english, may lord ganesha keep playing your prosperous life so send your family with bags full faith. Wish you with. Congratulations to Ganesh Chaturthi! Ganesh Chaturthi 2019 Wishes Images Messages Status and Quotes for Whatsapp Facebook in English 1 May the Lord endow mankind with.
    [Show full text]
  • Mumbai Traffic Police PRESS NOTE
    Mumbai Traffic Police PRESS NOTE Mumbai Traffic Police has made elaborate arrangements regarding upcoming Ganpati festival 2017 for smooth flow of traffic and for preventing inconvenience to commuters. Five Traffic Police Control Rooms have been set up at important immersion places viz Girgaon Chowpatty, Shivaji Park Chowpatty, Bada Masjid, Bandra, Juhu Chowpatty and Ganesh Ghat-Powai. Traffic Police is erecting watch towers at strategic places for monitoring and regulating traffic flow during procession and immersion. Arrangements for barricading at important roads has been done to segregate procession crowd and returning crowd for safety purposes. Police cranes, BMC cranes and High capacity cranes are being stationed at strategic locations to handle contingencies in the event of breakdown of vehicles. First Aid Centers have also been setup for medical assistance. Approximately 3,600 traffic police officers and men and 500 Traffic Wardens are being deployed for the traffic management of the event. Various NGOs too are assisting the Traffic Police in this endeavor which includes volunteers from Civil Defence, Anirudha’s Academy of Disaster Management, RSP Teachers, Water Safety Patrol, NSS Students, Scouts and Guides etc. In view of this festival, certain traffic restrictions have been imposed in Mumbai City on 26th August (Saturday), 29th August (Tuesday), 31st August (Thursday) and 5th September, 2017 (Tuesday) from 12.00 hrs. to 06.00 hrs. the next day. The restrictions imposed are as under: 1. Closure of vehicular traffic on 53 roads. 2. One way vehicular movement on 54 roads. 3. Parking restrictions at 99 places. A detailed note on the above restrictions is enclosed herewith as Annexure-I Apart from the above traffic regulations on immersion days, separate traffic regulations and diversions have been issued to avoid traffic congestion and inconvenience to commuters near Lalbaugcha Raja.
    [Show full text]
  • The Majestic - Prabhadevi, Mumbai Spacious Homes the Magestic Is One of the Popular Residential Developments in Prabhadevi Neighborhood of Mumbai
    https://www.propertywala.com/the-majestic-mumbai The Majestic - Prabhadevi, Mumbai Spacious Homes The Magestic is one of the popular Residential Developments in Prabhadevi neighborhood of Mumbai. It is among the well known Projects of Cosmos Builders And Promoters Limited. Project ID : J673119041 Builder: COSMOS GROUP Properties: Apartments / Flats Location: The Majestic, Prabhadevi, Mumbai (Maharashtra) Completion Date: Dec, 2011 Status: Started Description Cosmos Group we promise to deliver you quality construction, Timely Possession and Transparent Dealing. We not only create houses we create homes which will truly upgrade your lifestyle come experience the Cosmos way of life. Our mission is to provide our customers with quality construction, timely possession, transparent dealing and creating homes for them that truly upgrade their lifestyle. The Magestic is one of the popular Residential Developments in Prabhadevi neighborhood of Mumbai. It is among the well known Projects of Cosmos Builders And Promoters Limited. The landscape is beautiful with spacious Houses. Located in the heart of our city, this edifice is a combination of opulence and comfort. This construction ensures that your family has all the luxury at home with a landscape garden, a swimming pool, a gym, a lounge area. Amenities & Specifications: Lift Car Park Garden Swimming Pool Gymnasium Security Guard Gas Connection Cable Connection Water : 24 Hours a day Electricity :24 Hours a day Features Luxury Features Security Features Power Back-up Lifts RO System Security
    [Show full text]
  • Mumbai 1 Mumbai
    Mumbai 1 Mumbai Mumbai Bombay — Metropolitan City — Clockwise from top: Skyline at Cuffe Parade, the Rajabai Clock Tower, Taj Mahal Hotel, Nariman Point and the Gateway of India Mumbai Coordinates: 18°58′30″N 72°49′33″E Country India State Maharashtra District Mumbai City Mumbai Suburban First settled 1507 Government • Type Mayor–Council • Body BMC • Mayor Sunil Prabhu (SS) [1] • Municipal commissioner Sitaram Kunte Area • Metropolitan City 603 km2 (233 sq mi) Mumbai 2 Elevation 14 m (46 ft) [2][3] Population (2011) • Metropolitan City 12,478,447 • Rank 1st • Density 20,694/km2 (53,600/sq mi) [4] • Metro 18,414,288 • Metro rank 1st • Metropolitan 20,748,395 (2nd) Demonym Mumbaikar Time zone IST (UTC+5:30) ZIP code(s) 400 xxx Area code(s) 9122-XXXX XXXX Vehicle registration MH 01—03 [5] Spoken languages Marathi Ethnicity Marathi, Marwari, Bihari and others Website [www.mcgm.gov.in www.mcgm.gov.in] Mumbai /mʊmˈbaɪ/, also known as Bombay, is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million. Along with the neighbouring urban areas, including the cities of Navi Mumbai and Thane, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world.[6] Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. In 2009, Mumbai was named an Alpha world city.[7] It is also the wealthiest city in India,[8] and has the highest GDP of any city in South, West or Central Asia.
    [Show full text]