PEMBROKE

PREFACE

This reference is not a history of Pembroke but is a guide to some of the houses, streets, buildings and artefacts which have been ‘lost’ to the Town. Pembroke, being a very old town, has changed and evolved over the centuries and it is obviously impossible to list all the changes, even if they were known. In order to balance the content of this reference and the Pembroke Dock guide I have taken the boundary between the towns as Pembroke Road and Imble Lane thus placing Bush in Pembroke although it is geographically in Pembroke Dock. Between the two wars, there was almost no new building in the area and during the Second World War many properties in Pembroke Dock were destroyed by enemy bombing. New estates of private and council houses were planned from 1945 onwards to make good this loss and to cater for the clearance of old houses. In the 1950s, it was Government policy to demolish whole areas of ‘unfit’ houses and the Pembroke Borough Council, implementing this policy, demolished much of Monkton and parts of Station Road. Many other houses were classed as individually unfit and were demolished as part of the same policy. The purpose of this reference is to assist people who are researching their ancestors and who wish to find the location of the house where they lived. As individual streets and even whole areas have disappeared, this can be difficult. The document may also be of interest to those who research local history. I have tried to be as accurate as I can but there is much I have not been able to uncover and no doubt some new historical facts will emerge as time goes by. I hope that you will enjoy it.

©John Hogg 2002 Meadow Cottage, Lords Meadows Farm Pembroke

Haymaking at Lords Meadows Farm c1930 A way of life that has disappeared

Assembly Rooms, Main Street – These were built by the Pembroke Assembly Rooms Company Ltd. in 1866 and opened on the 21st March 1867. They consisted of a large hall for 600 people with a ballroom and tea- rooms on the first floor. In the Victorian and Edwardian period the ballroom was the venue for many dances attended by the Gentry, local farmers and leading figures of the town. The ground floor remained in use as a public hall until sometime between 1914 and 1920 when Mr Rees Phillips, a cabinetmaker, installed a cine-projector and advertised the premises as ‘Pembroke Cinema’. By 1923 it was in the hands of John Usher but by 1926 it does not appear in the trade directories as a cinema. Mr Walter Haggar seems to have taken over between 1926 and 1934 and changed the name to ‘Haggar’s Cinema’. He died in 1934 and his son, Len Haggar took over. The cinema was always very popular and successful until the 1980s when, because of VAT and videotapes, the business was no longer viable. In 1984 the premises were closed as a cinema and opened as a snooker hall.

Pembroke Cinema c1920.

Back Lane - The former name of Monkton Lane, the length of road between Lake House and the southern end of Church Terrace, Monkton. The houses on the south side were demolished in the early 1960s as part of the Clearance Program (Clearance Area No. 7 - Nos. 1 to 9 - odd numbers). The sites were used for road widening purposes.

Barton Place, Main Street – This is mentioned in several Trade Directories but I have not yet found out exactly where it was. In 1901 William Rogers lived there and George Davies also had a draper’s shop there. In the 1923 Directory George Davies is listed as having a draper’s shop in Wesley Square. This suggests that Barton Place was in the Wesley Square / St. Michael’s Square area. Number 101 Main Street is called Barton House and this may be the location of Barton Place. This house was not occupied in 1939.

Black Lane - This is the former name of South Road (1861 O.S. Map).

Blacksmith's Shop, The Green - Situated on the north side of the old entrance road to Golden Hill Road (now a footpath) it formed part of a complex consisting of the blacksmith's shop, a garage and a store used by Mr Pannell. The occupier of the blacksmith's shop in 1939 is shown as Mr Lambert Thomas. All these properties were included in Clearance Area No. 2 as land outside a Clearance Area required for the proper development of the site and were demolished in the 1961 redevelopment of the Green area. (See Harbour Lodge for a plan of the Green area).

From the 1848 Bush Estate map

Bush House - The original Bush House may have been erected in the 1660s by Essex Meyrick on the site of a farm or manor house. This house appears to have been two storied with attic rooms, dormer windows and a high pitched roof (The Meyricks of Bush by Michael McGarvie). The 171/92 Land Tax lists Bush as ‘Bush – North Hook’ and gives John Francis Meyrick as the owner. Richard Fenton (1811) considered that he knew ‘no residence that involves more ingredients of elegant comfort than Bush’. It was substantially rebuilt by Thomas Charlton Meyrick from about 1839 onwards but had only a short life.

The western elevation of Bush House as rebuilt by Thomas Charlton Meyrick from 1839 onwards. From a copy of a photograph from Mr J.M. Owen

Bush House, Stables and Gardens 1848

On The 8th January 1866, a fire broke out in a chimney and this spread to the main building. In ‘The Meyricks of Bush’ Michael McGarvie sets the scene beautifully and I can do no better than quote from his book.

From the Haverfordwest and Milford Haven Telegraph - ‘…The fire is supposed to have originated in an old flue which was connected with the fire-place in the butler's pantry, and was discovered early in the evening by the house steward, Mr Daniels, and Mrs Evans the housekeeper; who supposed that the chimney only was on fire; however, they were very speedily made aware by the progress of the flames, that the house was unmistakably on fire . . . the dinner was about to be served when the terrible intelligence was conveyed to Mrs Meyrick, who immediately, with the greatest self-possession, went to Mr Daniels, and desired him to take charge of the family plate; and place it in the fireproof safe, which was accordingly done, together with her jewellery, &c all of which was saved.' A horseman was sent to Pater for the military and Dockyard fire engines. Mr Jenkins of the Victoria Hotel provided horses to draw them and with Mr Way, a butcher, did his best to save the house. Thousands of people, many soldiers and Superintendent Kelly and his men were soon present and much furniture was saved. Bush itself, however, was beyond salvation, 'owing to the scarcity of water' the fire engines were practically useless: 'The wind also blew a furious gale from the W.N.West, which fanned the flames into the utmost fury. It now became truly pitiable to behold the work of destruction that ensued. The terrific element raged with fearful violence, and spread with great rapidity to all parts of the building . . . some unprincipled ruffians plundered all they possibly could; wines, spirits, money, jewellery, &c having been ruthlessly stolen by these vagabonds'. Only the servant’s wing to the north was saved. The loss was estimated at £20,000, of which only £4,000 was covered by insurance. The fire was considered worthy of report in the national press. The Illustrated London News, describing Bush as an 'old Elizabethan mansion', put the loss at £30,000. The succinct report in The Times (12th January) adds useful details to the more wordy local account: 'On Monday last a disastrous fire occurred at Bush-house, Pembroke, the seat of Mr T. Meyrick, one of the largest landowners in the county, by which the whole of the house and a considerable portion of the furniture were destroyed. The fire is supposed to have originated in an over-heated flue in the upper part of the building and, owing to a very high wind blowing at the time, the flames spread with great rapidity, and in the course of two hours the mansion was a mere shell. The old pictures, plate and other valuable property are saved. Engines from the dockyard, the 62nd Regiment, and Royal Artillery were promptly in attendance, and did their best to check the progress of the devouring element, but unfortunately with little effect'.

The Telegraph reported that some 'admirable photographs' had been taken by Mr Webb, of Pater, 'which give an excellent idea of the desolation'.

Photograph of the west front after the fire taken by Mr Sidney Webb, ‘Photographic Artist’ of Commercial Row

The old servants quarters were incorporated into the new house built in 1905. The house was sold to Pembrokeshire County Council in the 1960s and became the accommodation for students at the school farm. It was sold again in the 1980s and is now a home for the elderly.

Bush House Stables – These were built before 1868. After the sale of the house to Pembrokeshire County Council they were used to breed chickens in connection with the school farm. In February 1960 the stables were extensively damaged by fire; the whole of the first floor and roof being destroyed.

Bush House, The Clock Tower - Situated at the rear of the stable block, it was a tall stone tower with a clock and was built for the ‘convenience’ of the estate employees. The building date is not known but it was before 1866 and may have been part of the alterations carried out to Bush House by Thomas Charlton Meyrick in the early 1840s. It can be seen on some postcard views of the present Bush House and it is believed to have been demolished in the 1960s.

Bush House showing the Clock Tower, the Stables and House.

Bush Estate Office - This was a two storied house with a single storied office on the western side and was situated on the southwest side of the Pembroke Road / Ferry Lane junction. It is not on the 1772 estate map but is on the 1848 map. It served as the offices of the Bush Estate and the house of the Clerk and was demolished in the early 1970s to improve the visibility of the corner.

Bush Estate Offices, Bush Corner. (Slide by Author)

Bush Hill, The Railings – Until quite recently there was a short length of railing in the wall about half way up Bush Hill.

To find out the purpose of this railing it is necessary to look at the 1772 Estate map.

From this it can be seen that a double row of trees had been planted to give the impression from the house that the avenue near to the house extended without interruption right across field 18 to the Meyrick boundary. The high wall on Bush Hill blocked this view so railings were inserted in the wall at the vital point! It was the fashion at that time to have such an avenue and on some of the larger estates they extended for several miles.

Bush Terrace, Monkton – This is on the south side of Monkton and is now numbered in with Monkton.

Butter Mill Hall, Buttermilk Lane - Little is known about this location. It is the name given to a field on the north side of Buttermilk Lane on the 1772 Bush Estate Map and forms part of Lodge Farm. There is no building shown on the map and the origin of the name is unknown but suggests that at some time in the past there may have been a building in this field. The field was part of Lodge Farm owned by Sir Thomas Meyrick.

Buttermilk Lane, ‘Nissen Huts’ – During World War II a small military camp was set up in a field at the eastern end of Buttermilk Lane. This consisted of a number of ‘Nissen’ huts and I believe they were used by the Navy. The huts remained on the land after the war and were used by Mr Jack Skone of Golden Hall Farm.

The remains of the ‘Nissen’ huts at Buttermilk Lane in 1980 (Slide by Author)

On the 1963 aerial photograph, there are indications that there were huts in a field near Bush Lodge Farm. So far as I am aware these huts were erected to provide sleeping accommodation for people from Pembroke Dock during the ‘Blitz’. This field is called Buttermill Hall on the 1772 Bush Estate Map.

The marks showing where the huts were sited can be seen in this aerial photograph taken on the 23rd September 1963. Photograph by Meridian Air Maps.

Brockfield Cottage, Brockfield Lane - (or Brookfield Cottage, Brookfield Lane). According to the Bush Estate map of 1848 this holding is called Brack Pool. It was a holding of five fields of which only one was classed as ‘dry’ (No. 228). In the 1791/92 Land Tax it was owned by J.F. Meyrick and tenanted by William Rossant. The cottage, which has now been demolished, lay about halfway along the lane on the south east side. It was a single storied, two-roomed cottage set in a small plot of land in the corner of a field. In 1881 William Bateman and his wife Mary lived there with their four children Pierce aged 14, Anne aged 9, Ellen aged 6 and Hester aged 3. In 1939, Mr John Miller lived there and the last occupants were Mr Morgan and his family in the 1960s. The cottage is shown on the 1956 aerial photograph but no other photographs have been found.

From the 1841 Tithe Map

Brockfield Lane - Brockfield Lane now runs between the upper part of Grove Hill and Watery Lane but it originally carried straight on to Lower Lamphey Road at Rose Valley. The part between Watery Lane and Lower Lamphey Road existed in 1864 but had disappeared before 1907.

Cakewalk (The) - The local name given to the footpath leading from the north end of Paynter Street to the Commons Road. It may have been named from the resemblance it had to a fairground ride which consisted of a narrow rocking walk. (from the ragtime dance the Cakewalk).

Calvescote Row - This was the colloquial name for numbers 56 to 64 Monkton. They are shown on the 1864 O.S. map and the origin of the name is not known. (See Monkton Nos. 56 to 70)

Castle Back, The Pinfold, - The Pinfold lay just outside the Castle and is shown on the 1864 O.S. map. It was a walled area used for the penning of stray animals. There may also have been a lock-up on the same site. In 1856, it was owned by Joshua Paynter. (See also map below).

Castle Back and Westgate Cottages – These were situated on the north side of Westgate Hill between the road and the Castle and consisted of a number of small houses and stables. There is a photograph showing these houses on page three of Keith Johnson's ‘Pembroke in Old Picture Postcards’ but, unfortunately, the reproduction of that side of the photograph is not good enough to make out much detail. Near these houses was the Pinfold where stray animals were held pending their disposal. There is a building adjoining the Pinfold and this may have been a lockup where unruly citizens were put to sober up (as in Pembroke Dock). These old houses are mentioned in an article by David Howell (Primitive Methodism in Pembrokeshire) as the place where the first Primitive Methodist Preaching Room was established in Pembroke and the location of this Chapel is given as Castle Back. The room was above one of the larger buildings and was fitted out as a Chapel in 1839 and by 1843 there were fourteen members in the Congregation. In 1856 the yearly tenant is shown as J. Jones and his rent was £6 0 0 a year, paid to the Orielton Estate. The Chapel was disused by 1861 and replaced by a new Chapel converted from a cottage at 24 The Green.

Castle Back and Westgate Cottages from the Orielton Estate sale catalogue 1856

Buildings Nos. 431, 432, and 434 on the plan were two cottages and a Yard occupied by Mr John Prichard who was a Carpenter. The cottage and yard numbered 433 were occupied by William Williams who was a Stonemason while 435a and 435b were building land owned by the Orielton Estate. Some of the houses were removed by Richard Joseph Cobb between 1880 and 1883 as part of his renovations to the Castle. In 1883 he stated that ‘I removed the numerous mean dwellings and stables on the south glacis and covering the foundations of the fosse bastion’. Others were removed when the road was excavated to ease the gradient of the hill outside the Westgate. The road now covers the sites of these houses.

Westgate Cottages in the early 19th Century by Charles Norris. Courtesy of Richard Rose and Cardiff Central Library.

Westgate and Castle Terrace from a sketch by Charles Norris dated 7th October 1837. Courtesy of Richard Rose and Cardiff Central Library.

Castle Terrace, Land on which the War Memorial stands – The sketch by Charles Norris in 1837 shows a building on the land on which the War Memorial now stands. This building had disappeared by 1856 when the land was owned by a Mrs Leach. On the 1864 OS Map trees are shown planted on this site.

Castle Terrace, Cromwell Brewery and house adjoining - This brewery and the adjoining house were built by Mr Robert George (wine merchant – established 1790) in the early 1880s and were the redevelopment of an existing structure which was formerly the customs house. Robert George was born in St Florence in 1838 and was Mayor of Pembroke in 1880, 1881, 1882 and 1883. His wife was Rebecca George who was born in the Isle of White in 1838. In the 1881 Census he, his wife and their daughter Ada E. George aged 11 were visitors at 19 Great Camden Street, St Pancras, London. George Mason on page 105 states that “Mr George was remarkably successful in business, and in advancing his business he certainly improved the old town of Pembroke. He built the Cromwell Brewery and a large dwelling house out of the ruins of the old customs house in Castle Terrace, formerly an eye-sore to Pembroke”. The south side of the street where the former brewery stands is now numbered in Westgate and therefore either the name has been changed or Mason was in error in naming Westgate as Castle Terrace. When Robert George was rebuilding he found the remains of even older buildings had been incorporated into the old house.

From the 1864 OS Map showing in red the building existing before the Cromwell Brewery was built.

Castle Terrace, old buildings near the Castle –

The buildings in Castle Terrace c1890. The double doors led to a passage giving access to the rear of the building. A photograph taken in August 1902 shows curtains in the windows of the house indicating that it was occupied. Author’s collection.

Between c1890 and the 1920s, the house on the right was rebuilt as the present Richmond House.

The buildings to the left of Richmond House have been demolished and replaced by the present house, office and the entrance to the Drill Hall.

Cattle Market, East End This Market seems to have been established between 1880 and 1884. Kelly's Directory for 1884 mentions the New Cattle Market in East End for Horses, Cattle Sheep and Pigs held on the last Monday in each month. It was rebuilt between 1949 and 1953. In later years the Market was let to a private auctioneer and livestock was auctioned on Fridays. It is now closed.

Coats of Arms The Borough Arms before 1951 were derived from the Borough Seal and consisted of a stylised castle with the motto ‘Fama semper viret’ (variously translated as fame lasts for ever, tradition lasts for ever (or even infamy always flourishes!). The earliest reproduction I have seen of the Borough Arms is on John Speed’s map of 1610. The flags on the towers have over the years pointed :- a) both in the same direction, b) both inwards, c) both outwards. The latter condition was said to be caused by the hot air generated in the Council Chamber! The Arms can be seen on the facade of the Town Hall but they do not show the motto. It is said that the officials ‘did not know it existed’ but, as it is shown on contemporary stationary, this is most certainly not true. It is more probable that the motto was left off to made space for the name of the Mayor! The Arms also feature above the entrance of the Pembroke Comprehensive (former Grammar) School where they are combined with two Tudor Roses.

From John Speed’s map 1610 From Pembroke Grammar School. Photograph by Author.

The Borough Arms placed on the front of the Town Hall in 1887 to celebrate Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee. (Slide by Author)

In 1949 the Borough Council commissioned a new ‘Heraldic Device and Motto’ from Mr H. Ellis Tomlinson, M.A., F.S.A. and an application was made to the College of Arms for the grant of Arms and Supporters. The new motto was ‘Ung Nous Servons’ (We Serve as One). This Coat of Arms was adopted by the Pembroke Town Council on its formation in 1974.

Pembroke Borough Coat of Arms designed by H. Ellis Tomlinson

See Appendix ‘A’ for a description of the Coat of Arms

Pembrokeshire County Council Coat of Arms

The old Pembrokeshire County Council came into being on 24th January 1889 as a result of the Local Government Act 1888. It lasted until 31st March 1974 when the new County of Dyfed was established. The old County Coat of Arms is shown below.

Pembrokeshire County Council Coat of Arms

Cocket, Cawket or Coquet Farm. This farm is situated off the road between the top of Grove Hill and Kingsfold. It is mentioned in the Land Tax for 1791 / 1792. John Harcourt Powell was the owner and Benjamin Howells the tenant. The farm is shown on the 1808 map and on a map circa 1870 but not on the 1907 O.S. Map. In 1775 George Williams of Cawket left the lease of the farm (granted by Thomas Powell) to his daughter Mary Williams. He died in 1786. From at least 1791 to 1815, it was farmed by Benjamin Howell who is referred to as ‘a Gent’. Eyre Coote Lord farmed there in 1820. Two thirds of the land was then owned by John Harcourt Powell and one third by Sir John Owen. (1820 Land Tax ). On the 23rd November 1817 William Furlong of Cawket married Elizabeth John. He was a Labourer and was probably living and working on the farm. On 23rd December 1827, Thomas Rees of Cawket had his daughter Margaret baptised at St. Michael’s Church and in 1829, John Griffiths of Cawket had a child baptised. Cawket was listed as part of Southdown Farm in the 1856 sale catalogue of the Orielton Estate where it (and Southdown) are shown as being leased to Richard Price for the lives of Richard Price, aged 65; Thomas Rixon Williams aged 35 and Thomas Price aged 37. The Lease was dated 30th September 1835 and the rent £220 p.a.. Southdown is not listed in the 1791/92 Land Tax and it is probable that Cocket was the farm homestead at that time. As years went by, Southdown appears to have taken precedence as the homestead, and by 1881 Cocket was uninhabited. It seems to have become in such disrepair that eventually it was demolished (or fell down) some time between 1870 and 1908. A well (spring) is shown on the site and this later provided some water to the Southdown reservoir which supplied water to Pembroke Town. By 1955, when Southdown was owned by the Kingston Estate, there is no sign of the boundaries of Cocket Farm but the well is still shown

From the Tithe Map of 1841.

Coldwell - There were at least two Coldwells. One was at the rear of the present Coldwell Terrace adjoining ‘The Elms’ and the other in the region of Norgans Hill. The latter was used by the Borough Council to supply water to Bridgend Terrace and is described as ‘Cold Well’. Its use was discontinued in 1941 and the Terrace connected to the Town water supply.

Commons Road - Banker's Row, Nos. 1 to 10 (also known as Seaview Terrace!).

This was a row of ten, two storied, single fronted houses built of stone with slate roofs. The date of building is not known but is probably the late 18th century (see also Dunn’s Row). They are shown, but not named, on the 1861 O.S. Map and are supposed to have been built as an investment by two bankers (hence the name). In an 1889 newspaper report they are mentioned as being the address of Henry Gullon who was involved in the Pennar Ferry Disaster. The houses were demolished by April 1957 and the stone used as infill for the Common's Pond. The site is now the car park adjoining Westgate Chapel. The houses are shown in several photographs and books of postcards (in particular on page 23 of ‘Pembroke in Old Picture Postcards Volume 2’ by Keith Johnson). As Bankers Row was not numbered in the 1881 Census the following extract from the Census is not numbered.

 John Leach aged 69 – a billposter Mary Leach his wife aged 59 Mary J. Leach his unmarried daughter aged 18 John leach his son aged 15 Edward H. Howell his nephew aged 1

 Thomas Llocombe (sic) aged 63 a sand merchant. Elizabeth Llocombe (sic) his wife aged 64

 Robert Lock aged 66 an unmarried retired brewer Margaret Jones a widow aged 70 – servant.

 Jane Gwyther a widow aged 62 Alfred Gwyther her son aged 30 – labourer Evelina Gwyther her daughter in law aged 30 Agnes Gwyther her daughter aged 11 – a scholar Alfred Gwyther her son aged 8 Albert Gwyther her son aged 4 Arthur Gwyther her son aged 11 months

 Maria Williams unmarried aged 40 – dressmaker. James Williams unmarried brother aged 26 – soldier Maria Williams her unmarried daughter aged 21 – servant Sylvia Williams her daughter aged 1

 Thomas Hazzard a widower aged 70 – cab proprietor? Margaret Hazzard his unmarried daughter aged 40 – dressmaker

 Harriet Evans a widow aged 67 Thomas Evans her unmarried son aged 40 – labourer

 William Jones aged 45 – a sailor Mary Jones his wife Aged 42 Eliza Jones his unmarried daughter aged 19 Elizabeth Jones his unmarried daughter aged 17 William Jones his son aged 16 Thomas Jones his son aged 11 Mary A. Jones his daughter aged 8 Albert J. Jones his son aged 6 Beana Jones his daughter aged 3 Richard Jones his son aged 3 months

 John Jones aged 22 – a sawyer Mary Jones his wife aged 21 William H. Jones his son aged 3 months

 Edward Driscoll aged 26 – labourer Ellen Driscoll his wife aged 24 John Driscoll his son aged 7 months Henry Cooper an unmarried lodger aged 41 – labourer

 Nathaniel Rudd aged 47 – labourer Sarah Rudd his wife aged 44 John Rudd his unmarried son aged 22 Eva A. Rudd his unmarried daughter aged 21 Mary Rudd his unmarried daughter aged 19 Elizabeth Rudd his daughter aged 14 Mathiel Rudd his son aged 12 Martha Rudd his daughter aged 10 Thomas Rudd his son aged 7 Sarah Rudd his daughter aged 5 Robert Rudd his son aged 3 Thomas Rudd his son aged 2

 John Rudd aged 21 Elizabeth Rudd wife aged 19 Henry Griffiths a lodger aged 53 Mary Griffiths the lodger’s wife aged 53 William Griffiths the lodger’s son aged 25

 Miriam Jones a widow aged 55 – laundress Ellen Jones her unmarried daughter aged 24 John Jones her unmarried son aged 22 Thomas Jones her unmarried son aged 20 Miriam Jones her unmarried daughter aged 17 William Jones her son aged 14 Margaret Jones her daughter aged 11

 William Tunster aged 53 – a cutler Ann Tunster his wife aged 47 Mary A. Tunster his unmarried daughter aged 23 George Tunster his unmarried son aged 21 Elizabeth Tunster his unmarried daughter aged 19 Margaret Tunster his unmarried daughter aged 17 William Tunster his son aged 15 John Tunster his son aged 13 Meala Tunster his daughter aged 11 Alfred Tunster his son aged 8 Sydney Tunster his son aged 6

 Thomas Phillips aged 44 – labourer Mary Phillips his wife aged 38 George Phillips his son aged 12 – scholar Mary A. Phillips his daughter aged 10 Elizabeth Phillips his daughter aged 6 Ann Phillips his daughter aged 4 Thomas Phillips his son aged 2 Sara A. Phillips his daughter aged 1

Commons Road, Dunn's Row or Dunn's Houses - The location of these houses is not known for certain but it is now generally accepted that Dunn’s Row was the former name of Bankers Row. Dunn's Row is mentioned in Church burial records for St. Mary's Parish around 1825 (which included Pembroke Dock at that time) and also in the burial records of St. Michael's (in 1793 as Dunn's Houses and in 1819 as Dunn's Row) and in Monkton in 1818. The 1791/92 Land Tax shows that Nicholas Dunn owned a house and John Dunn a storeroom and houses in St Mary’s Parish. It is probable that John Dunn was the owner of Dunn’s Row. Nicholas Dunn who lived at Welston was Mayor in 1774/75; 1791/92; 1795/96; and 1801/02.

Common's Lake - The whole of the Commons area has always been subject to flooding and in the past there have been reports of pigs being drowned in their sties. The 1864 map indicates that the Lower Commons area was a ‘lake’ near to the present course of the stream. This lake gave trouble to nearby residents and passers-by from mosquitoes, biting midges and smells from the rubbish dumped in by Townsfolk. In addition, sewage from the houses on the south side of Main Street flowed into the Commons Stream and the Pond until main drainage was installed in the 1940s. There were some attempts to improve the lake in the 1940s. One suggestion was to turn part of it into a swimming pool! However, two fundamental facts could not be altered. In dry weather insufficient fresh water entered from the Common's stream and springs on the Commons to keep the lake aerated and it became a stagnant pond, and, the local population continually threw rubbish into the lake. It was also subject to silting up over a period of time, especially at the edges. In 1946 the part of Commons Road from the bottom of New Way to the Tanyard was raised by one foot to alleviate flooding but this caused problems to number 4 Commons Road and 5 New Way whose common yard was now lower than the road. In 1956 it was decided to begin filling the pond with stone from the demolition of Bankers Row, raising the finished ground level by one foot and eventually it became the present recreation area.

The Commons Bridge, Paynter Street, Primrose Cottage and Rose Cottage. The ‘Cakewalk’ to Paynter Street lies between the two cottages.

The flooded Commons in the 1980’s. (Slide by Author)

Commons Road No. 1, Park Villa or Park View - A two-storied house with a cottage attached on the eastern wall. A Closing Order was made in 1957 on the cottage portion (used as a kitchen) and later both were purchased by the Council. They were demolished in the early 1960s. In 1939 the house was occupied by Sophia Ellen Martin. The last owner was Mr Ernest Jenkins and his daughter Pauline Waters was the last occupier.

Commons Road No. 2 - This was a stone built, two storied house located at the lower end of the ramp from The Parade. It was demolished in 1971 and the ‘Pink Kitchen’ now occupies the site. In 1939 it was occupied by Henry Griffiths, Charlotte Griffiths, Harold Hughes, and Mary Llewellyn. The last occupier was Mrs Charlotte Griffiths with her daughter Lottie.

No. 2 Commons Road. (Slide by George Palmer)

Commons Road, No. 3 – This house was occupied by Henry George Davies and Priscilla Mary Davies in 1939. I have no record of when it was demolished.

Commons Road, No. 4 - This was situated near the bottom of New Way. It was subject to a Demolition Order made in February 1953 and demolished in 1968. In 1939 it was occupied by William Reynish and Annie Maria Reynish. (See New Way for photograph.)

Council Yard and Cottage, Commons Road - This was formerly the Pembroke gas works which consisted of a building housing the retorts, a small gasometer, (the crown of which was made in Pembroke Dock and then floated around to Monkton Bridge), and a house for the ‘Gasmaker’. It is shown on the 1861 O.S. map and seems to have gone out of use in the late 1880s when gas was supplied from Pembroke Dock. The works were later demolished but the cottage retained by the Borough Council to be used as a stores and Foreman’s office The cottage and other newer buildings were demolished in 1968 and a car park and public conveniences built on the site.

From the 1/500 1861 O.S. Map

The Council Yard, Pembroke from the Commons stream. On the right is the cottage and in the centre the old slaughterhouse on the opposite side of Commons Road.

Commons Road, Jenkins’s Yard – This yard, which was often referred to as a scrapyard, lay to the north of the path leading from Bridgend Terrace to West Street. It was previously a coal yard owned by Samuel Jenkins of Westgate and before that a timber yard owned by Captain Hurlow. Mr Ernest Jenkins of Priory Farm owned it in the 1940s and 1950s and used it for the storage of road making and other plant including a red ex-War Department steam roller. The land was bought by South Pembrokeshire District Council in the 1980s, the remaining building demolished and the area landscaped.

Ernie Jenkins’s Yard, The Commons. (Slide by Author)

Congregational Chapel, Long Mains, Monkton – The date of building is not known but it existed in 1856. In the Orielton Estate sale catalogue it is described as ‘Chapel Yard and Garden’ and was let to William Trewent on a lease of 60 years from 1852. In 1840 William Trewent is described as ‘Linen and Woollen Drapers, Grocers, Maltsters, Brewers and General and Commission Agents’ both at Main Street, Pembroke and Standard House, Commercial Row, Pembroke Dock. The Chapel did not have a street number but was on the east side of the street to the south of number two. It was unused by the 1950s and was demolished in the mid 1960s.

Court Terrace, The Green, Nos. 1, 2, and 3 - These were on the corner of Woodbine Terrace and Golden Hill Road. They were purchased by the Council in 1950 and later demolished to build flats. In 1950 Nos. 1, 2, and 3 were owned by Lawrenny Estates and the Leaseholders of 1 and 2 were the Personal Representatives of the late W.C. Pike. Number one was tenanted by a Mrs Williams at an annual rent of £73, Number two was tenanted by a Mr Lloyd at an annual rent of £15-12-0d and number three by Mr Mc.Donagh at 8/6 per week. The leaseholder of number three was Mr A. J. Quinton.

Craddock's Tower – The location of this tower is not known for certain but may be the tower at the bottom of Goose’s Lane. In Medieval times, it was maintained by the Lords of Trewent. (See ‘Pembroke: a brief history’ by M. Eynon.)

Croft House, Nos. 3 and 5 The Green - The original Croft House was number five and the building date is unknown. It was purchased as a children's home by the Board of Governors of the Pembroke Union on the 14th of November 1912 from Mr John Ford. Up to that time it had been occupied by Dr William Barrow Wall who was the Physician and Surgeon to the Pembroke Union (Workhouse). In 1881 he was aged 31 and was living there with his wife Emily Wall and their five children (William Austier Wall aged 7, Annie Wall aged 6, Herbert Wall aged 4, Emily Wall aged 3 and Alice M. Wall aged 3 months). They also had a servant, Margaret Taylor, who was aged 26 and a widow. It was taken over by Pembrokeshire County Council circa 1927 and in 1939 it was occupied by Edmund Seth Hughes and Frances Hughes. In 1950 it was completely renovated and extended to include No. 3 the Green. It could then accommodate up to thirty-six children. The home was closed on the 29th March 1956 and sold to Mr M. J. Amberton of Pembrokeshire Developments. It remained empty for several years and by the early 1960s most of the house had been demolished. Later the site was sold to the Hanover Housing Association to build sheltered housing accommodation for the elderly. (See Western Telegraph – ‘Then and Now No. 203’).

Croft House, No. 5 The Green

Cross Mains – see Monkton

Cuckoo Wood – There appears to have been a house at Cuckoo (Cuckow) Wood in the 17th Century. I have not been able to find out much about this house except that it was owned by Rice (Rees) Adams of Paterchurch in 1689. In that year he borrowed £200 from his tenant Margaret Meares of East Llanion and used East Llanion, Imble, Furzy Close and Cuckoo Wood as security. Rice died in 1698 and his widow Elizabeth Adams appears to have moved to Cuckoo Wood by 1704. She had remarried taking the surname of Nash before 1706 when she is mentioned in her father’s will (See ‘Paterchurch – A Mystery Solved by M.N.E. Tiffany). On the 1772 Bush Estate Map there are slight indications that there might have been a building at this location.

Cuckoo Wood from the 1772 Bush Estate Map. The three red dots show where the house may have been.

On the 1848 Estate Map there is a house and garden shown but the location is in Stable Park adjoining Cuckow Wood. So far as I am aware this house has been demolished.

Dill Road, The Folly – (I have included this house although it is outside the Borough). This cottage is called Ramblers Folly on an 1860s map. In 1881 it was occupied by George Thomas who was a labourer aged 59 and his wife Mary Thomas aged 50. It is mentioned by H. Thornehill Timmins on page 93 of ‘Nooks and Corners of Pembrokeshire’ (published in 1895) where he states ‘At Ramblers Folly, on the crest of the ridge, we get our first glimpse of our destination…’. The building date is not known but it became derelict and has now fallen down.

Dill Road, The Rock - (I have included this house although it is outside the Borough). This cottage is shown on the 1864 OS Map. In 1881 it was occupied by Thomas Eynon aged 75 who was a farmer of eight acres, his wife Esther Eynon aged 60 and their granddaughter Martha Eynon aged 12. It remained derelict for many years following a fire in the 1950s and has now been demolished and replaced by a new bungalow.

Ramblers Folly and the Rock (Map ?c1808)

East End Square, No. 7 - A large house built on the eastern side of the Square between Station Road and Well Hill. It also included No. 1 Station Road and a coach house in Station Road as part of the same complex. It was occupied at one time by Mr Joseph Thomas, who, together with a Mr William Canton (shipbuilder of Lawrenny), operated the Ropewalk on the Upper Lamphey Road. Joseph Thomas is shown in Pigot’s Trade Directory for 1830 as a rope maker and in Robson’s Commercial Directory of 1840 as a rope maker and grocer. In 1939 it was occupied by Mr Colin Orlando Warlow and Rose Warlow. There was a shop in the northern end of the building which in the 1930s was a butcher’s shop kept by Mrs Catherine Prout. She was followed by Robert Sidney White of 1 Littlegates who was a greengrocer and the last user was his son Robert (Sonny) White who was also a greengrocer. The house was demolished in the 1970s to construct the mini-roundabout and to open up the square.

Station Road, No. 1 – This house was at the rear of No. 7 East End Square but fronting on Station Road. One bedroom of the house extended into No. 7 East End Square above Sonny White's Shop. In the 1930s the house was occupied by Henry and Catherine Prout. The house was subject to a closing order in 1954 and was demolished at the same time as No. 7 East End Square.

The Old Coach House – This building, which was once the coach house, is associated with No. 7 East End Square. The door in the front wall led to a passage through the premises and the upstairs was one single room. In later years, it was used by Mr George Henry Colley of 45 Station Road who used to sell Sunday newspapers from the premises. In the 1950s Mr Guest kept his taxi there. It was demolished at the same time as number one.

The Old Coach House (left) and No. 1 Station Road. Slide by George Palmer.

Eastgate - Situated at the eastern end of Main Street and is alleged have been unroofed and to have had several arches arranged in a semi-circular fashion. It also had an iron portcullis. It is shown on John Speed’s map of 1610. The date of building is not known but is said to have been demolished in 1648 on the orders of Cromwell.

The Eastgate from John Speed’s map of 1610

Eaton Place, Main Street - This is the former address of a few houses in Main Street from about number 102 eastwards and was part of St. Michael's Square. Mrs F. G. Leach lived at 3 Eaton Place in 1891 and Valentine Rees at Eaton House. In 1926 Joseph Davies and Son were at 1 Eaton Place and Mary Elizabeth Allen at number seven.

St. Michael’s Square (Wesley Square) in the 1920s. Eaton Place is on the right of the picture. The Lady and Gentleman in the horse and trap on the left are Mrs Alice Roblin and Mr George Roblin. The card was posted at 7.00 am on the 27th August 1928. The top of the gas lamp on the right has been removed and the poles of the new electric street lamps and overhead wires can be seen on the left. The 1923 Trade Directory notes that the Town is lit by electricity.

East Back (The Back or East End Back) - J & A Stephens - John Stephens, aged 68 lived in Castlemartin Village in 1881 with his wife Ann and two sons, Thomas aged 25 and Archibald aged 23. The father and both sons were Blacksmiths. In 1880 they had opened an engineering business in Pembroke in the name of J & A Stephens, Agricultural Engineers and by 1884 they were at their East Back Works. Here they were successful and the family business remained there until well in the 1950s. They were Agricultural and Government Contractors and several photographs taken outside their works show a number of threshing machines and portable steam engines which could be towed to the farm where they were required. They also had several traction engines and road rollers which ended their days in a corrugated iron shed at the bottom of Well Hill known as ‘Knackie’s Yard’. As blacksmiths they made the ornamental gates at the entrance to their works. The brass handles are cast in the shape of a child’s clenched hand and are said to be from a mould impression of one of his own children’s hands. In 1890 they made and presented to Castlemartin Church a pair of ornamental gates and these have the same type of handle.

The handles of the gate at Castlemartin Church. Photograph by Author. They also carried out engineering repairs and these earned them the name of ‘Knackie Stephens’. One of their last employees was Tom James of the Green. (see Steam Roller Shed)

J & A Stephens’s East Back Works. (Photograph Author’s collection.)

The staff of J & A Stephens c1914 From a photocopy courtesy of Mrs Marion Johnson

This photograph was copied from one in the Museum of Lincolnshire Life, Lincoln, and shows a Robey Steam Wagon as supplied to Stephens. The plate at the bottom of the photograph reads ‘5 Ton Steam Wagon. Dispatched 1915/1916. This new design, built for the Smithfield Show, replaced the undertype at a time when building steam wagons had to take second place to the war effort with the result that few were built. The vehicle illustrated, dispatched to J & A Stephens & Son, was the first of the overtypes’. A second Robey steam wagon is shown on page 49 of Keith Johnson’s ‘Pembroke in Old Picture Postcards’. It is an overtype but of slightly different design.

East Back - Richard Burchell & Son. Richard Burchell set up business in East Back as a wheelwright between 1840 and 1850. By 1870 he is described as a wheelwright and coachbuilder and gives his address as ‘East End Back’. In the 1881 Census he is shown as aged 50 and living in East Back with his wife June (aged 51) and three children, May E. aged 16, Richard H. aged 13 and Elinor J. aged 11. They were still operating from East Back in 1926. In the 1901 Trade Directory, there is a Miss Lizzie Burchell who has an ‘art needlework depot’ in Hamilton Terrace. Miss Burchell was also a singer. She sang a solo at Bethal Chapel at an entertainment organised by the Bush Street Baptist Band of Hope on Friday 8th February 1889!

Burchell’s East Back Works. (Photograph courtesy of George Palmer)

East Mill – See Millpond, Stepping Stones.

Fairs - The 1884 Kelly's Directory records the following Fairs:- East End - Second Monday in April - Cattle and Pigs Easter Monday - Cattle Trinity Monday - Cattle and Pigs Second Tuesday in May - Pigs Second Monday in July - Cattle and Pigs Third Tuesday in September - Pigs. 10th October General Fair for Cattle, Pigs and Hiring. Monkton Second Monday in May - Cattle and Horses Third Monday in September - Cattle and Horses Second Monday in December - Cattle show and General Fair.

Fields, Maidenwells, Monkton - The former name of the smallholding now called Springfield.

Ford's Yard, (Leach's Yard) - This yard is situated on the north side of the Millbridge and was used by Barker and Miller as a timber yard and steam sawmills from the late 1870s. Charles Henry Barker was born in Barlow, Derby in 1853 and in 1881 lived at ‘The Elms’, Golden Hill with his wife and two year old son. They had three servants. By 1891 the name Barker and Miller had been changed to Charles Henry Barker & Co. and by 1901 the sawmills were being operated by Thomas McMasters and Company. (who also had a sawmills in Pembroke Dock). McMasters was born in Stranraer, Scotland in 1819 and had married a Mrs Marth (sic) Leach whose husband was the owner of the land on which the timber yard stood. He was living at Bangeston House (St. Mary’s Parish) in 1881 with his wife, his brother Robert, and his stepson Herbert Worsley Leach. Herbert Worsley Leach operated a timber yard at Bangeston (George Mason gives Bangeston, Angle as the location of the timber yard). The Ford family were farmers and millers and occupied Pembroke Mill for many years. John Ford had followed in the family's footsteps but by 1923 seems to have given up milling and appears in the 1923 Directory as a haulage contractor. He also ran an omnibus service and at least two charabancs from the yard – The Pembroke Gem and The Express. When road transport was nationalised after W.W.II. it was used as a depot by British Road Services and finally by a company called Pembroke Transport. The last sailing ship using the quay and the yard was the Kathleen and May and the yard and quay have been derelict for several years. A public walk has now been constructed though the yard to the shore beyond.

Ford’s Yard in the days of Pembroke Transport. (Slide by Author)

Fulling Mill (Tucking Mill), Kingsbridge - This mill is mentioned in 1348 as ‘a fulling mill, newly erected rendering 14s in equal amounts at Easter and Michaelmas’. It is suppose to have stood about a quarter of a mile from the Eastgate but, as no trace of it has been found, the actual site is not known. King John is reputed to have inspected the Flemish soldiery at Kingsbridge in 1210 and this leads to the supposition that the mill may have had Flemish connections. It was inherited by Nicholas Cuney from his eldest brother Richard Cuney in 1691 together with Golden Farm and Lords Meadows. This is the last mention of the Fulling Mill I have found.

END OF PART ONE

PEMBROKE FROM ‘G’ TO ‘L’

Golden Castle (Castle at Gonedon) – There is reference in the accounts of the Grange of Kingswode for 1331 to income from ‘the pasture of the castle of Gonedon in winter – 14d’ and from ‘the pasture of the castle of Gonedon in summer – 15d’. At that time, the Grange of Kingswood included Pembroke Ferry, Golden and Kingsbridge. If there was ever a castle at Gonedon its site is not known.

Golden Mansion – In the extended edition of ‘Historic Pembrokeshire Homes and their Families’ by Hugh Charles Jones there is mention of a ‘mansion’ at Golden. To quote from the entry ‘On the 26th May 1601 the Queen gave a lease of 21 years on Golden and other lands in Pembrokeshire to Sir Henry Lindley of London, who on 7th February 1602/03 assigned the lease to Richard Cuny of St. Florence Esq.’. The Hearth Tax of 1670 shows the Walter Cuny paid tax on seven hearths at Golden. This indicates a fairly large house on a par with Grove Mansion and Paterchurch Mansion. About 1795, Thomas Davies (a miller), obtained a lease for twenty acres of pasture at Golden from the Rev. John Powell Cuny who had inherited the estate. Davies sub-leased the buildings in 1797 to Thomas Mansell to use as a prison for prisoners of war. By 1817 Mansell was bankrupt and 100 acres of Golden (land and buildings) were sold. The Rev. John Powell Cuny, Rector of St. Brides died in 1825. By 1837 John Adams of Holyland owned Golden and in that year sold three acres to the Board of Guardians to build the Workhouse.. All trace of the ‘mansion’ has disappeared and the exact site is not known but Golden Farm is the most probable location. (See also Millpond, Stepping Stones.)

Golden Farm in the snow of the 1960s. The house to the right of the farmhouse is Rose Cottage. It was subject to a closing order in 1961 but was made fit later. (Photograph by Author)

Golden Hill Road, Nos. 1 and 3 - These two houses which were used as one dwelling were subject to a Demolition Order. In 1939, they were occupied by Mr Ignacio Sabido and his wife Alice Eliza Sabido.

Golden Prison - Following the French invasion at Fishguard these cottages at Golden Farm, Golden Lane (now Woodbine Terrace) were used to house French prisoners. They are shown as a row of six cottages called Golden Cottages on the 1/500 1861 O.S. Map (sheet X.L. 9.9) and are to the west of the Farm. An extensive orchard is shown to the north of the cottages. They were occupied in 1881 but appear to be unoccupied by 1939. The following names are associated with Golden and as they were all labourers they may have lived in the cottages:-

1828 – Robert Kennah 1831 – John Jermin 1833 – James Morris 1881 – Thomas Griffiths, Dockyard labourer 1881 – Evan Davies 1881 – Thomas Allen, Dockyard labourer 1881 – Edward Cadogan

Golden Cottages and Golden House from the 1/2500 OS Map 1864

Golden Hill Halt - This halt was constructed circa 1908 by the G.W.R. to cater for the steam railcar service which began circa 1904 to compete with the new motor buses. It replaced the Halt at Llanion which had proved to be unsuccessful. The platform was just to the west of the bridge and on the south side of the line. It was not used extensively after the early 1920s when most of the steam railcars had been withdrawn or converted to auto-trains. In 1941 the G.W.R. were requested to arrange for the 6.25 p.m. train from Pembroke Dock to stop at the halt to allow people who were spending the night in Pembroke to avoid the bombing to leave the train. There was an unsuccessful attempt to have the Halt re-opened in 1952. The wooden platform has disappeared and only the stone steps to the halt remain, incorporated into the abutments of the bridge over Golden Lane.

Steam Railcar number 68 on the approach to Pembroke Tunnel at Kingswood. The reservoir in the foreground supplied water to the water crane at Pembroke Dock Station. (Author’s collection)

Gordy (Goudy, Gaudy or Gawdy) Hall - This house is alleged to be named after Gawdy Hall in Norfolk. Gaudy means joy or gladness and in the north of England is applied to holidays. According to the late B.G. Charles in the ‘Place Names of Pembrokeshire’, John Wogan married the widow of Tobias Frere of Gawdy Hall, Norfolk from which this place takes its name. The location is off Grove Hill and the name has been changed to ‘Highlands’. In 1791 it was owned by J. F. Meyrick and tenanted by Henry Lewis. In 1939 it was occupied by John Morgan, Margaret Morgan and John Morgan, (Jun.)

Goodborough Lane, (Goody Bree Lane, Goodbred Lane, Goldebrok), The Green. – This lane, which is now called Woodside Avenue, was an accommodation road which ran from the Green, past Whitehall Cottages, to the fields beyond. The name of the lane came from the name of the area which called Goldybrok, Goody Bree or Goodborough. There are several other versions of the name. It is mentioned in 1327 in the accounts of William Peyteuyn the reeve of Kingeswode – ‘Received of Henry Aunger for certain land in Godybrok let to him for term of life by William de Valencia – 41s’. In a post-nuptial settlement made by Captain Walter Cuney in 1674 in respect of his eldest son Richard Cuney, mention is made of Upper and Lower Goody Bree. The location of these fields is shown on a Bush Estate map of Kingswood and Goodborough (drawn by John Tamlyn) and they are named Goodborough, Lower Goodborough, Middle Goodborough and Upper Goodborough. The map is undated but is by John Tamlyn who was drawing plans for Bush Estate in 1812. However, as a Mr James Roberts accepted a lease from Francis Meyrick for ‘Bramble Hill and a close of ground that was formerly part of Kingswood’ on 25th February 1786 obviously the Meyricks owned at least some of Kingswood and Goodborough land by that date. As they are not shown as part of the Bush Estate in 1772, the fields must have been acquired by Bush from John Cuney between 1772 and 1786. This map is headed ‘Kingswood and Goodborough’ makes it apparent that Goodborough was a separate tenancy at one time. The homestead for this small farm may have been the cottage now called Whitehall Cottage. The farm was about 24 acres c1786 and this was reduced later to just over six acres by the allocation of some fields to Kingswood Farm. The blue line on the map below shows the original boundaries of the farm.

Goodborough from a Bush Estate Map amended to show the original and revised boundaries of Goodborough. Parcel No. 2 is described as a house and garden. Whitehall was built in field No. 3.

In the will of Aaron Game of Whitehall dated 12th November 1824, he left his lease of Kingswood farm together with Little Goode brias field in trust to his daughter Jane Game. (See page 367 of ‘Pembroke People’ by Richard Rose)

Greenmead Pool, Main Street - According to George Mason there was a pool in the centre of the road immediately to the west of the elm tree in the Main Street. As it was used by ducks it seems to have been more of a duckpond than a pool and there is no sign of it on the 1861 map. Maurice Eynon, in his book ‘Pembroke: a brief history’, states that this pool was near the shop formerly occupied by Mr Austin Lewis. This point certainly has the lowest spot height in this part of Main Street on the 1/500 1861 O S Map, being at forty-nine feet above sea level. It is also the only part of the street provided with road drainage gullies, indicating that there had been a problem with surface water collecting at this point giving rise to a pool. The installation of the gullies drained the area and the pool disappeared some time before 1861. There is also said to have been a Public House called the Greenmead kept by George Oriel near this pool although no such public house is listed in the Trade Directories. It is more probable that the pool took its name from the public house than the reverse. On the 25th July 1827 Prince William Henry, the Duke of Clarence visited the Town and to quote George Mason, ‘At Bush Hill the horses were taken out of the carriage, and three hundred ‘Greenmead Boys’ of Pembroke drew the carriage to Pembroke under the management of the, at that time, well known George Oriel’. Who were the Greenmead Boys? – perhaps customers of Mr Oriel. When the South Wales Electricity Board were laying a new cable up Main Street in the 1960s they broke through the roof of a tunnel a few yards to the east of the west garden wall of Hamilton House. The tunnel ran north and south (across the road) and its purpose is unknown. Its position was marked on the SWEB plan at the time.

Grammar Schools - A Grammar School was established in about 1690 by Sir Hugh Owen, (Orielton) Griffith Dawes (Bangeston), and Thomas Lloyd (Grove). Its location is not known but it is supposed to have been in the Town Hall in the 19th Century. There is a reference to a Free Grammar School in the Trade Directories for 1830, 1835 and 1840. In the 1830 Directory the Master's name is given as Reverend Thomas Owen and in the 1840 edition it is shown as under the superintendent of the Corporation and was for eight pupils. It is not mentioned in later Directories. The present Comprehensive School began as Pembroke Grammar School and was built c1955/56. The following aerial photograph shows the school in December 1963: -

Pembroke Grammar School 1963. Photograph by Meridian Airmaps Ltd.

Grove Mansion, Grove Hill - When Thomas Lloyd of Cilgelynen and Morfil married Abra (Frances) Philipps of Eastington, Pembroke in the seventeenth century he not only gained a bride but also land at Grove on the outskirts of Pembroke. Here he built his mansion and settled after his marriage. In the Hearth Tax of 1670 the house is shown as having seven hearths and this indicates that it was large and substantial building. Thomas Lloyd was High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1669 and he died in 1689.

His son, Thomas Lloyd II, married as his second wife Elizabeth Powell of Greenhill and thus added East and West Pennar to his estates. The exact site of the house is not known for certain. It is referred to in the 1670 Hearth Tax as being occupied by Thomas Lloyd Esq. and as having seven hearths. Fenton, in 1811, said that it was to the South of Pembroke and was a crumbling ruin, deserted some eighty years before (c.1731). On the death of Thomas Lloyd III, the house and land was left to three co-heiresses; Elizabeth Lloyd daughter of Thomas Lloyd III and her aunts Elizabeth and Anne Lloyd daughters of Thomas Lloyd II. Elizabeth married Sir William Owen of Orielton on the 12th December 1725 and he then came into possession of part of the Grove Estate. Elizabeth lived at Orielton and her aunt Elizabeth appears to have stayed on at Grove with her husband Thomas Parry until her death. Sir William Owen bought out aunt Elizabeth’s share in Grove and following a chancery suit in 1746 came into the remaining one third share of Grove lands including Grove Mill. According to Major Francis Jones in his book ‘Historic Houses of Pembrokeshire’ the land was let to three tenants in the 1786 Land Tax. In the 1791/92 Land Tax, ‘Grove House Land’ is mentioned (tenanted by Edward Wade and still owned by Orielton) but no mention of Grove House itself. It must therefore have been so ruinous as not to be counted for Tax. The land is not mentioned in the catalogue of land sold in 1856 and so must have been sold by Orielton before this time. It has been suggested that the hamlet of Grove and Grove Farmhouse (Grove Hall) are built upon the site. The farm and farmhouse are not mentioned in the 1791/92 Land Tax but they are shown on a map circa 1808. However, as the ruins of the old mansion are mentioned by Fenton in 1811, is possible that the farmhouse was not built until after that date. There is also the possibility that part of the old mansion was used for the walls of the new farmhouse. In the 1881 Census none of the occupants of the houses is listed as a farmer.

Grove Farm c1808

Grove from the 1864 OS Map

Cottage near Grove Mill - The name of this cottage is not known but it was situated on the north side of the approach road to Grove (Slothy) Mill. It is shown on the 1861 and 1907 O.S. Maps and had a small garden to the west. By 1960 only the quarry tiles of the floors remained.

From the 1907 OS Map.

Grove Mill (Slothy Mill, Slougthy Mill, Slouthy Mill) – Grove Mill is situated on a small stream which flows on to the Commons. In the seventeenth century it was owned by Thomas Lloyd of Grove and passed into the hands of Sir William Owen of Orielton by his marriage to Elizabeth Lloyd on 12th December 1725. It was still owned by the Owens in the 1791/92 Land Tax (Sir Hugh Owen) and tenanted by John Oriel. In 1827 the tenant was William Millard who was sued for rent (£7-17-6) by Sir John Owen. By 1841 it had been sold to John Harcourt Powell. The 1881 Census shows it as Slouthy Mill and occupied by John Griffiths, aged 63 who was a miller and farmer. His wife was Martha Griffiths, aged 27 and his daughter Elizabeth Griffiths aged 1. In 1939 it was occupied by John William Hood, Elizabeth Ann Hood and Martha Hood. It is no longer a mill but many of the old buildings remain.

Hamilton Terrace, Wesleyan Methodist Preaching House - In the 1791/92 Land Tax there is mention of a Preaching House in St Michael’s Parish owned by George Bowling and tenanted by a Mr Pykes. I do not know where this was located. On 4th March 1800 William Kenniford, a mason living in Main Street, and George Chase, a printer, signed a petition for the ‘licensing of a former granary in St Michael’s Parish as a chapel’. I do not know which denomination it was for or if they got their licence. The first Methodist Preaching House in Hamilton Terrace was opened in 1822. It was rebuilt in its present form in 1878 but has been closed as a chapel for many years and is now an ‘Antiques Centre’.

The Methodist Preaching House. (Photograph by courtesy of George Palmer)

Harbour Lodge, Woodbine Terrace - This house is shown on the 1864 O.S. map and appears to be on the site of the present Devon House. Up to 1999 Devon House was occupied by the late Colonel R. D. Lowless, the former Town Clerk of Pembroke Borough, and he told me that there were formerly two cottages on the site. They were demolished circa 1894 and a new house built on the sites by a Mr Williams (who also built Woodbine Terrace). The house was built for renting and the first tenant is said to have been the Colonel in charge of the 2nd. Battalion of the Devonshire Regiment (11th Foot). The name ‘Devon House’ was derived from the name of his Regiment. The Regiment arrived in Pembroke Dock on 17th August 1895, in charge of Colonel D. T. Kimberley and Colonel Bullock, following a recruiting drive in Cornwall. According to Richard Rose in ‘Pembroke People’, a Lettice Harbour kept a lodging house in The Green c1819. She was the wife of Richard Harbour and was still there in 1841. Perhaps, with tongue in cheek, the name came from Harbour’s Lodgings, i.e. Harbour Lodge. Their son, Samuel Harbour, was a shoemaker and was aged 47 in 1841. From 1840 to 1870 there was a Samuel Harbour living in Pembroke and trading as a Beer Retailer and Grocer. Next door was a lodging house kept by Dorothea Wilcox.

From the 1864 O.S. Map

Humber's Lane, Bridgend Terrace - This Lane runs from the northern end of Bridgend Terrace to West Street along the side of Humber's Shop and Bake house. The Lane was very prone to flooding in the 1950s and this was caused by the surcharging of the foul water sewer in times of heavy rain. The Lane is still extant.

Hospitium of Mary Magdalen - The local historian Mr Basil Hughes is of the opinion that there were two Hospitium in Pembroke. One was a Leper's Hospital and this may have been sited on the land now occupied by Holyland House (known as Saintsland in 1337 and as Holliland in 1629). There is evidence that the Leper community owned or rented land at Golden Hill. In 1331 there is an item in the accounts of the Grange of Kyngswode

‘For the same pasture of sheep of the lepers - 12d.’.

In 1535, just before the Reformation, the Hospitium had an annual income of £1-6-8d. It may have belonged to Monkton Priory at this time and may have been used as a Chapel before its use as a Hospitium for the poor and sick; but there is no written confirmation of this. However, as Fenton mentions Holyland House in his tour of 1811 and also mentions separately the Hospital of Mary Magdalen, Holyland cannot be the site to which he refers. According to Fenton this Chapel lay some two to three hundred yards to the east of the Eastgate, by the side of the road and at the junction of two roads. Near-bye stood a cross known as Marlin's Cross. Nothing remained of the building at the time of his ?visit but the site was obviously known to the local people. Fenton's description would place it either near the first house in Ropewalk Terrace (at 300 yards) in Upper Lamphey Road or half way along Belmont Terrace in Lower Lamphey Road. As Fenton states that he turned left at the road junction to regain Holyland Road, and there are no left hand junctions in Lower Lamphey Road, he must have been referring to Upper Lamphey Road (although Lower Lamphey Road is said to be the original road from Pembroke to Lamphey the Upper Lamphey Road existed at the time of Fenton’s visit). The 1808 map does not show Orchard Buildings and therefore the first turning to the left is First Lane. This would place the site on the west corner of First Lane; although this some 642 yards from the Eastgate. Fenton also states that the stones from this building were used to build Holyland House. My wife's Uncle, Mr George Roblin, was told by Major Adams of Holyland that stone from a religious building in the field on the west corner of First Lane was used in the building of Holyland House and that the name was derived from the use of these stones. However, the name seems to have been in use before the building of the present house and a more likely explanation is that it reflects the previous use or ownership of the land. The present house was built by Nicholas Adams at the latter end of the seventeenth century (between 1665 and 1685) as a home for Roger Adams, his son by his second wife Hester Lort. By a marriage in settlement 1665 to secure the future of any children of the second marriage, the estates were to be split after Nicholas's death. Rice (or Rees), his son by his first wife Frances Bowen (daughter of Rhys Bowen of Upton Castle) inheriting Paterchurch and Llanion and Roger inheriting Holyland and Buckspool. Nicholas died in 1685. (See ‘Paterchurch - A Mystery Solved’ by M.N.E. Tiffany). Confirmation of this is to be found in a reader’s letter in the Western Telegraph several years ago. Mrs R.D. Thomas-Ferrand (nee Adams and wife of Lieutenant Commander R.D. Thomas- Ferrand, RN) stated that Holyland House had been built by her great, great … grandfather Nicholas Adams. This would place the date of building between 1665 and 1685. It is probable that the new house replaced an earlier farmhouse. In connection with the visit of King John to the area in 1210, Edward Laws also mentions a cross which stood near the east gate near a hospital dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen called in Fenton’s time Marlins Chapel. In a footnote, he states that ‘this building was pulled down by one of the Adams family early in the present century. He used the material to build a dwelling house, which he called Holyland to commemorate the despoliation.’ However, as the house was built between 1665 and 1686 and the name Holliland existed in 1629 both the date of building (as the early part of the 19th century) and the reason for the name are incorrect. Although the site was visited by the Archaeological Commission for Ancient Monuments in 1925 no grid reference is given and no one alive today seems to know the exact location. The available evidence at the moment suggests that the Hospitium was at the junction of First Lane and Upper Lamphey Road, on the land now occupied by the former St. Michael's Vicarage; but, this is by no means certain. There also remains the mystery of the site of Marlan's Cross and the identification of the large ruined building, ‘in a paddock surrounded by a high wall’, seen by Fenton to the right at the road junction. This latter building may be the one shown as a ruin on the 1861 O.S. Map on the south side of Upper Lamphey Road. This measured some seventy feet by twenty feet and appears to be set in a walled enclosure. The purpose of the old building is not known. A new cottage has been built on the site to smaller dimensions. The other possibility is the house now known as ‘Treleet’ and occupied by the Misses Colley. In 1884 it was called ‘Auburn Villa’ and was tenanted by Station Master Robert Wrench. On the 1864 OS Map it is called Kiln Park.

India Row – see Monkton

Kennel Yard, Main Street – This yard leads off Main Street by an entrance through the Royal Oak Public House, 140 Main Street. Part of the Town Wall lay on the west side of the yard leaving the yard outside the Town. Kennel Yard was known as the ‘Dog Kennel’ in 1795 when the Corporation granted a lease to George Bowling, a ‘sporting Attorney’. They also leased to Bowling an adjoining piece of land called the Durrack which extended from the street northwards to the shore. In 1806 the Corporation ordered George Bowling ‘to resist by proper legal measures any interruption given him in enclosing the Durrack and obtaining possession of Barnetts (sic) Tower granted him by lease from the Corporation’. Bowling was in further trouble in 1807 when Thomas Mansel, a surgeon, prosecuted him for nuisance arising from the keeping of a pack hounds ‘consisting of Fifteen Couples’. He alleged that there was a nuisance from the ‘the keeping and boiling up of quantities of Horseflesh and other Carrion’ and that ‘by reason of the howling and barking of the said dogs the peace and quiet rest of all the Liege Subjects of the said Lord the King was and still is greatly disturbed.’ Bowling was still keeping hounds there in 1829. (Richard Rose - Pembroke People - page 27)

Kennel Yard from the 1864 OS Map.

Kingsbridge – The original bridge at Kingsbridge was put out of use when the road was straightened in the 1930s and a new bridge built. It is mentioned in 1210 when King John is reputed to have inspected the Flemish soldiery at Kingsbridge and the name is alleged to have stemmed from this visit. The Kingsbridge area was part of the estate of the Grange of Kingswood and was owned by Richard Cuny in 1616. By 1791 the Rev. John Powell Cuny, Rector of St. Brides, had inherited the land. He died in 1825.

Kingsbridge from the 1864 OS Map showing the old bridge.

Kingsbridge Drang - A path leading from Holyland Road to the Upper Mill Pond on the south west side of Kingsbridge House. It is mentioned in the 1793 Land Tax where the owner is shown as John Harcourt Powell. The Drang is now overgrown and not used.

Kingsfold Cottages - According to the 1908 O.S. map there were three cottages at the junction of the St. Daniel's Road and the road to Maidenwells. As these were close to Kingsfold Farm they were probably farm worker's cottages. Each occupied a corner of a field. Number one Kingsfold Cottages was on the north west corner of the junction and was a single storied, two roomed cottage with a loft over the southern end. This loft, which was used as a bedroom, was served by a wooden ladder. There was no inner wall to the loft so it was open to the lower room. The southern chimney was large and it may have had at some time a ‘stick fired ‘ oven either inside or outside the house. The house was subject to a demolition order 1954 and the last tenant was Mr W. J. Carr who moved to Park Villa, Commons Road. The second was on the opposite corner and had completely disappeared by 1956. The aerial photograph of that date shows the corner of the house adjoined the road and there is a hedge which separated the cottage and garden from the field. Little else is known about this cottage. The third was on the east side of the main road, opposite the road to Maidenwells and is now in ruins. It was subject to a demolition order 1954. In 1939 only one of these cottages was occupied and that by a Mr and Mrs Evan Jones.

Lanes - There were originally six lanes leading northwards from Upper Lamphey Road. These were :-

First Lane. This still in existence and runs from Lamphey Road to Kingsbridge. It is a roadway open to all traffic.

Second Lane. This was an accommodation road which ran from Lamphey Road to a field known as ‘Hoods’. It is now the entrance to the St. Michael’s Road Estate.

Third Lane. This was an accommodation road which ran from Lamphey Road (to the west of the garage). It was classified as a Right of Way in 1954 (a ‘Carriage Road’) and is still there to some extent

Fourth Lane. This is at the western end of the field in which Green Gables is built. In 1954, it was classified as a Right of Way (a ‘Carriage Road’).

Fifth Lane. This is at the eastern end of the field in which Green Gables is built and runs down to Callan’s ditch. In 1964 it was blocked with barbed wire and so rutted by cattle as to be unusable. It appeared on ‘National Parks and Access to the Countryside’ map as a right of way. There is a small pond at the northern end of the lane fed by the Pembroke River which was used to water cattle. The lane has now been opened up to provide access to the new housing estate.

Sixth Lane. This runs from Lamphey Road to the Dill Road and is a roadway open to all traffic.

Lime Kiln, Long Mains - This was located near the shore at the northern end of Long Mains and was last used in 1930.

Lion Foundry, The Commons – This has been difficult to research because of the lack of records. It is not listed in the 1840 trade Directory but is shown on the 1861 OS Map suggesting that it was built between these two dates. In the 1850 Trade Directory Thomas Morris is listed as an Iron and Brass Founder in Pembroke and he may be the original owner of the foundry. In the 1870 Directory there is a George Lloyd who was an iron founder in Pembroke and he may be the successor to William Morris. By 1881 it was no longer a foundry but a house occupied by John Sherrin, who was a butcher, and his wife Elizabeth. They had four children – Sarah A. aged nine, Susanna aged seven, Thomas aged five and Emily aged two. In 1939 it was occupied by Robert Henry Seabourne and Georgina Seabourne.

From the 1/500 OS Map 1861.

Long Entry, Westgate (The Old Poor House) – Also known as Church Terrace (1841 Census). It consisted of twenty-four single roomed lean-to cottages in two rows of twelve with two houses at the entrance. They were built in 1821. The Entry was accessed by a door and passage in No. 2 or No. 3 Main Street or from the Parade. They were owned and administered for many years by St. Mary's Church and were used as the Parish Workhouse.

Long Entry from the 1864 OS Map

According to Mr Clive Hughes, the former Archivist at the Pembrokeshire Record Office, in his booklet commemorating the 150th Anniversary of Riverside Hospital ‘Initially the Paupers were housed in re-furbished Parish Workhouses such as that in Long Entry, Westgate, rented from the Parish of Pembroke St. Mary, until the Union Workhouse was built’. It has been suggested that Long Entry was originally the site of one of the two Postern Gates to the Town (the other was the Middlegate). The houses were demolished in September 1957 and the site used as a car park. See also Nos. 1 and 3 main Street.

Long Entry

In 1881 all twenty-four houses were occupied, mostly by elderly widows and they appear to be used as almshouses of some kind. The houses are not numbered in the census.

 Mary Goff aged 51 unmarried.  Herbert Dawkins aged 76 unmarried  Jane Raymond aged 75 a widow.  Mary Webb aged 81 a widow.  Mary Davies aged 87 a widow.  Margaret Smith aged 77 – married.  Martha Beynon aged 70 unmarried.  Sarah Gibbon aged 72 unmarried.  Martha Epsworth aged 70 unmarried.  John Beynon aged 80 a widower.  Margaret Cole aged 82 a widow.  Ann Griffiths aged 54 married. Martha Griffiths her daughter Howard Thain aged four a boarder.  William Cole aged 70 a widower.  Elizabeth John aged 81 a widow.  Elizabeth Thomas aged 82 and a widow.  Ann Lieus aged 42 an unmarried charwoman.  John Evans aged 89. Jane Evans his wife aged 46.  Mary Gwyther aged 84 a widow  William Cole aged 72 married Ann Cole wife aged 50 Mary Ann Cole daughter aged 10  Hester Edwards a widow aged 80.  May Evans a widow aged 83.  Jane Jones aged 69 and unmarried – General servant.  Thomas Mathias aged 76 and unmarried.  Mary Davies a widow aged 54. George Dawkins a visitor aged 42 – widower employed as a mason. Thomas Dawkins his son aged seven.

Long Entry is not mentioned in the 1939 Electoral Register and this suggests that they were disused before 1939.

Long Entry, East End - This is shown on the 1864 O.S. Map and appears to run between Station Road and Lower Lamphey Road. When the railway was constructed in 1863 the northern end was closed off by the station earthworks. In the 1881 Census there are three houses called ‘Entry Houses’ listed in with Lower Lamphey Road. They are not numbered and are occupied by :-

 Mary Davies a widow aged 72 William Davies her unmarried son aged 33 – Labourer

 William George, an Ostler aged 45 Martha George, his wife aged 39 John H. George, son aged 13 – Scholar Mary L. George, daughter aged 8 – Scholar William T. George, son aged 4 – Scholar Sarah J. George, daughter aged 3.

 William M. Welby, aged 62 – Jockey (H Man) Martha Welby, his wife aged 64 - ?Jockey Martha J. Welby, his niece aged 7 – Scholar.

The Entry has now been incorporated into the gardens of the adjoining houses and no trace of it remains.

Long Entry from the 1864 O S Map

Long Mains – see Monkton

Lower Lamphey Road, No. 11 - Subject to a Demolition Order and demolished in 1959.

Lower Lamphey Road, No. 12 - Subject to a Demolition Order in 1953.

Lower Lamphey Road, No. 13 - A two storied house which was the subject of a demolition order in January 1957.

Lower Lamphey Road, No. 14 - This house was a single fronted two storied house and was the subject of a Demolition Order in 1957.

Lower Lamphey Road, No. 15 - This house was a single fronted two storied house and was the subject of a Demolition Order in 1957.

Lower Lane - This is an alternative name for Lower Lamphey Road (1864 O.S. map).

END OF PART TWO

PEMBROKE FROM ‘M’ TO ‘R’

Main Street - The Market and Town Hall The present Town Hall was built c1818 and weekly markets were held originally on the ground floor and at the rear of the premises. There were two external flights of stone steps giving access to the rooms on the first floor which were used as a Council Chamber and as a courtroom. In the late 19th Century the open yard area at the rear was covered with a glass roof. Kelley’s 1884 Directory of South Wales records that the ‘Here is also a Police Station for the Pembroke District of the County Police’.

A ‘Rabbit Factory’ was established in the late 1930s in one part of the hall by British Rabbit Industries (Pembroke) Ltd. and during W.W. II part was requisitioned by the Government as a rifle range. The boilerhouse of the ‘Rabbit Factory’ adjoining the rear gates is now used as a garage and store.

After the War a lease for part of the market was granted for 10 years from November 1945 to F.T.C. (London) Ltd. to manufacture textile goods. This factory became known as the ‘handkerchief factory’. They went into liquidation in 1953 and the equipment was bought from the liquidators by a new company called Millbridge Manufacturing Co. Ltd. who leased part of the Market Hall on the 1st September 1953. This lease was terminated in 1959 (to end on the 10th August 1960).

British Rabbit Industries also went into voluntary liquidation in 1959 mainly as a result of the epidemic of myxomatosis which decimated the rabbit population. The Market Hall then stood largely unused and eventually the roof became unsound and was removed.

In 1974 the five Local Authorities of Pembroke Borough, Pembroke Rural District, Tenby Borough, Narberth Borough and Narberth Rural District were amalgamated to form South Pembrokeshire District Council and the Town Hall was one of the properties transferred to the newly formed Pembroke Community (Town) Council. They have built a new Public Hall and private car park on the site.

From the 1861 1/500 O.S. Map (Note the two flights of external steps).

The Town Hall steps. The western flight has been removed

Main Street – (Two houses not numbered) - The 1861 O.S. map shows two houses to the west of No. 2 Main Street (Brick House). There is little information on these buildings but they are shown on some old prints of Main Street. These indicate that they were shops with living accommodation over. The area is now part of the grounds of St. Mary's Church. The date of demolition is after 1861 and the houses do not appear to have been given numbers as Brick House is number two.

Main Street circa 1850 showing Brick House and the houses / shops demolished circa 1875. The artist has mistakenly drawn the pavement so that Brick House appears to straddle Dark Lane.

Main Street, Nos. 1 & 3 - These were two, two storied stone built houses which closed off the northern end of Long Entry which could be entered by a passageway through the building. They are shown on some postcard views taken from the Castle and were demolished in September 1957. The site is now part of Long Entry Car Park.

1 & 3 Main Street

Main Street No. 6, Simon and Sons - This shop with living accommodation over was owned by Mr Walter Simon who lived at Thrusle Mill. It was demolished in the 1972 and replaced by the Fine Fare Supermarket (now Gateway).

Main Street No. 8 - Demolished in the 1972 and replaced by the Fine Fare Supermarket (now Gateway).

Main Street No. 10 - Demolished in the 1972 and replaced by the Fine Fare Supermarket (now Gateway).

Main Street, No. 44 – In 1856 this was the Prince of Wales Public House kept by Elizabeth Rainsforth. The premises were on a yearly tenancy from Orielton Estate at £7-0-0 a year. The freehold was sold by the Estate in 1856.

Main Street, Nos. 47 and 49 - These were two three-storied houses and shops. Number 47 appears to have been converted into two houses, one of which was used by a barber. Number 49 was a shop with living accommodation over.

47 and 49 Main Street

They were demolished in the late 1930s and replaced by the Post Office and the music shop of Arthur H. Bachhouse (No. 45a). This shop in turn has been demolished to make an entrance to the rear of the shop that was once the South Wales Electricity Board showrooms.

The music shop of Arthur H. Bachhouse, No. 45a Main Street

Main Street, No. 52 - These premises were occupied by Messrs Melias in the 1950s and were demolished in 1967 to make the Morgan's Way footpath to the Millpond walk. A new property was later built on part of the site.

Main Street, No. 65 - This house was probably originally to the same design as number 67 but was later rebuilt as a two storied, double-fronted dwelling. By the turn of the century it had again been rebuilt as a house and shop and in the 1940s was occupied as a butcher’s shop by the national company Eastmans. (See photographs 38 and 39 in ‘Pembroke in old picture postcards’ by Keith Johnson). In 1965 it was again demolished and the Midland bank built on the site. This is now the HSBC Bank.

Main Street, Llewellyn's Sports Shop formerly Green's Car Showrooms - This site does not seem to have ever received a street number or been built upon until the 1960s when Greens Motors demolished the sheds on the site and built their showrooms. The 1864 O.S. map, the 1908 map and the aerial survey of 1956 show the site to be a commercial yard of some kind with a lean-to shed on the east wall and other building(s) on the west side. In 1926 it is shown as occupied by W. G. Brown, corn merchant, and it is reputed to have been a builders yard at some time. The site is to the east of the Tabernacle Chapel and to the west Glynderwen House.

Main Street, No. 96 - This house was the subject of a Demolition Order in 1957 and was demolished, with others, to make St. Michael's Square Car Park. In 1939 the house was occupied by Ethel Maud Griffiths.

Main Street, No. 96A - This was a garage (?formerly stable or coachouse) and was purchased for demolition in 1967 to make St. Michael's Car Park.

Main Street, No. 98 - A two-storied house purchased in 1967 for demolition to build St. Michael's Car Park. In 1939 it was occupied by Sidney Reginald Brown and Constance Ann Brown.

Main Street, No. 100 - This was a two storied double fronted house. A Demolition Order was made on this house in 1954 and it was purchased in 1967 to make St. Michael's Car Park. In 1939 it was occupied by William Thomas and David John Williams.

Main Street, No. 101 (Barton House) – See Barton Place

Main Street, No. 102 - This two-storied house was subject to a Demolition Order in 1957 and was purchased for demolition. There is evidence that the house had been a Public House at one time but the name is unknown (on one internal door beneath the existing paint could be seen the legend ‘PUBLIC BAR’). The site is now part of St. Michael's Car Park. In 1939, it was occupied by Mrs Elizabeth Ann Richards and her daughter Olive Richards. When the house was demolished, several ancient arches were revealed in the party wall between Nos. 102 and 104. The significance of these arches is not known to me.

Numbers (from the left) 96, 96A, 98, 100 & 102 Main Street.

Main Street, No. 117 – This house was rebuilt in the early twentieth century. In 1939 it was occupied by Alice Mary Roberts.

117 Main Street in the early 1900s. Author’s collection.

Main Street, No. 118 (The Black Horse) - This building was formerly a public house and was declared unfit for human habitation and demolished in 1958. The Black Horse Public Conveniences now occupy part of the site and the other part was used to make a footpath to Barnard's Tower and the Millpond (The Black Horse Walk). In 1939 the house was occupied by Frederick Davies, William Davies, Richard Jones and Elizabeth Jones.

Main Street, Nos. 129 to 135 - These four houses and shops were demolished in the 1950s to make way for the agricultural showrooms of Mr Govan Davies. In 1953 he asked for planning permission to build a repair workshop at the rear of the premises. The site was later developed as the Texaco filling station. In 1939 they were occupied by Charles Sidney Saunders who was an ironmonger at No. 129, Frederick James Parcell who was a greengrocer at No. 131 and James Esmond who was a Saddler at No. 135. Number 133 is not shown and was presumably unoccupied.

Main Street, Saint Michael's Square (Wesley Square) - Up to the end of the 19th Century it was the custom for builders to give names and numbers to terraces of houses as they were built and this resulted in a rather chaotic situation where a street would have different names along its length. In the case of St. Michael's Square, it extended from about the Old Cross Saws to East End Square and included Eaton Place. All of these are now numbered in with Main Street. The old Infirmary, 15 East Back, was also included in St. Michael’s Square at one time.

Middle Street, Orange Gardens – In the 1881 Census Williamson Street is shown as Middle Street. (It is shown as William Street on the 1861 OS Map).

Middle Row, Main Street – On the 1848 Bush Estate map Hamilton Terrace is shown as Middle Row. In the 1791/92 Land Tax there is a house in Middle Row, St Michael’s Parish owned by George Bowling.

Mill Pond, Pembroke Corn (Grist) Mill also known as the French Mill – This was a tidal mill. Edward Laws in ‘The History of Little England beyond Wales’ states that King John in the first year of his reign granted a new charter to the Borough of Pembroke and ‘gave Pembroke Castle Mill to the Knight Templars. It stood on a bridge over an arm of the sea, and a flour mill still occupies the site’. According to Basil Hughs this was in 1199. By 1326 the mill had returned back to the Earldom of Pembroke and the north mill and two others were ‘farmed’ by Walter Says. In that year stones were brought to repair the mill and bridge and two new millstones were brought from Tenby (Jottings and Historical Records on the History of South Pembrokeshire, Volume 2 by B.H.J. Hughes). In 1331 Walter Says spent 26 shillings on repairs to the mill. In 1619 a complaint was made that the mill was facing illegal competition from Slothy Mill, whose tenant was sending horses into the town to fetch customers’ corn (Pembrokeshire County History, Volume III, page 29). The 1791/92 Land Tax shows that John Mears (of Eastington) owned the mill and the tenant was Thomas Davies. When Thomas Davies made his will in 1808 he was still the tenant of the mill and it was still owned by John Meares.

Detail from an engraving by Samuel and Nathaniel Buck dated 1748 showing the Mill and Mill Bridge.

Detail from a painting dated 1776 by Paul Sandby of the mill and bridge from the northeast.

Although from a book published in 1853 this engraving is before 1820.

Charles Norris also painted several watercolours of the mill and bridge and the detail below shows the old mill from the footpath on the north side of the castle.

Detail from a watercolour by Charles Norris. By courtesy of Cardiff Central Library and Mr Richard Rose.

All the above illustrations agree on the site of the mill but there are some differences in the detail of the structure which may be due to artistic licence. This mill was replaced by a new four-storied mill in the early 19th century. The exact building date is not known but is most likely to be about 1820 (the new quay was constructed in 1818) although it could be as late as 1822/23. At this date it was still owned by John Meares (Gent) of Eastington who appealed against a poor rate assessment in that year (Pembroke People Page 231). It is probable that Meares built the new mill and the appeal was against the assessment of the new property Charles Norris made a pencil sketch of the new mill and this is reproduced below. Note the hoist fitted to the top floor.

Detail from a sketch by Charles Norris. By Courtesy of Cardiff Central Library and Mr Richard Rose.

The various known millers are listed below :-

1327c Geoffrey Tortoun ‘farmer’ of the mills of Pembroke 1328c Geoffrey Tortoun ‘farmer’ of the mills of Pembroke. He renewed the roof of the mill near the bridge at a cost of 7s.-4d. 1331c Walter Says ‘farmer’ of the mills of Pembroke 1791 Thomas Davies (Land Tax) 1808 Thomas Davies – will dated 3/12/1808 leaving all that mill ‘called and known by the name of the French Mills’ in the parish of St. Mary which is held under lease from John Meares of Eastington. (Pembroke People page 311) 1817c Henry Bateman 1830 William Bowen. 1835 William Bowen. 1840 David Edwards. 1849 Thomas Jones . 1861 Thomas Jones 1870 T & B.G. Jones. 1880 Thomas Jones. 1884 Thomas Jones, corn, flour, manure merchant and farmer. 1891 Thomas Jones, corn, flour, manure merchant and farmer.

Pembroke Mill in the early 1900s Author’s collection.

By 1901 Thomas Ford was the miller. He had previously been a farmer and miller at Carew and the Ford family continued to be millers in Pembroke until c1926 when John Ford became a haulage contractor and omnibus proprietor. This business was Nationalised after W.W.II. (See also Ford’s Yard). The building was last used to raise battery hens by a Mr Davies who had purchased the Mill from British Road Services. After being gutted by fire on the 7th September 1955 it became dangerous and was purchased by the Borough Council (together with the two-storied building on the north side) from Mr Davies. The Mill was demolished in 1957 and the site is now used as an amenity area. The photograph below shows the last parts of Pembroke Mill being pulled down. The steel wire around part of the wall is attached to the Borough Council’s Guy Lorry. The lorry, loaded with stone to give the wheels a better grip, drives forward and the wall falls down. Also on this photograph, next to the building being demolished, is the cast iron ‘Victorian’ urinal.

Author’s collection.

Millpond, Stepping Stones - Prior to the railway embankment being constructed in 1864 there were stone ‘ramps’ with stepping stones in the main channel from Barnard's Tower to the old lime kiln at Golden Farm on the north bank. Obviously, these could only be used when the millpond was almost empty. There would appear to be no logical reason for this feature. The stepping stones could still be seen in the 1960s, a little to the west of the railway embankment.

From the 1/500 OS map of 1861. The splitting of the main channel into two parts seems to indicate some underwater construction.

Although these are described as ‘stepping stones’ on the OS Map, two watercolours by Charles Norris show a small landing stage at this point jutting out from the northern shore of the Millpond. The ‘stepping stones’ may be the foundations of this landing stage. The reason for the landing stage is not known, as the Mill Bridge would have impeded progress down the river.

Pembroke Mill Pond from the east by Charles Norris. Note the gap in the stonework of the landing stage. Photograph by Courtesy of Cardiff Central Library and Mr Richard Rose.

There is a possibility that the landing stage is part of a second millpond used to backup the mill on the bridge, or alternatively, it may be the site of the East Mill referred to in the 1331 accounts of Walter Says, ‘farmer of the Mills of Pembroke’. (See Jottings and Historical Records on the History of South Pembrokeshire, Volume 2 by B.H.J. Hughes).. In that year considerable works were carried out to the East Mill. including:-

96 boards bought for making one new wheel and one new flodeget in the middle of the bridge, 8s;

Two carpenters for five weeks, making anew the said wheels, pyndyng, and flodeget, 15s

Two carts for five weeks and one cart for two days carrying stones, lime, sand (arena) and gravel (argilla) to repair the weir and bridge, 15s 6d, each one per day 3d;

Eight workmen for a whole week cleaning and digging the foundations (fundo) of the Bridge and Weir, 5s 6d., each one per day 1 ½d

Six masons for three weeks and two masons for two weeks and one mason for three days making the said bridge and weir 33s 9d., each one 18d per week

For carrying four mill-stones to the mill from Chepstowe to Pembroke, 10s:

The total amount and nature of the work carried out suggests that it was almost a rebuild of the mill, or perhaps, even the building of a new mill. No indication of the site of this mill is given so it could have been anywhere to the east of the Castle. The fact that the landing stage shown by Norris is of stone and there is a gap in the stage where there could have been a floodgate, suggests that it may be all that is left of the East Mill. The main channel at this point is shown divided into two on the 1861 OS Map and this suggests that there were still structures under the mud causing the channel to divide. One channel could have led to the mill wheel and the other to the floodgate. The ‘flodeget’ was in the middle of a bridge and this would seem to rule out Slothy Mill as the East Mill. As the waters of the Millpond were tidal up to Kingsbridge, it would make sense to use the waters twice and, since Walter Says also ‘farmed’ the West Mill, there would be no difficulties. The West Mill may have been an alternative name for the North Mill (on the present mill bridge) when both were in use in the 1300s. Of course this is almost all conjecture but is worth further investigation.

Monkton Road, - In the 1851 Census several people lived in Monkton Road, Maidenwells.

Monkton, Nos. 65 & 67 - These houses were on the north side of Priory Terrace (Monkton) and were a private school in the 1860s.

Monkton, Long Mains, Short Mains, Cross Mains, Priory Back Terrace and India Row.

The leases of most of these houses date from 1832 onwards and reflected the need for houses for Dockyard workers as the yard increased in size. The original freeholder was the Orielton Estate but, due to imminent bankruptcy, the land was put up for auction in 1856. Bush Estate bought the freeholds and therefore ‘inherited’ the leases. Where houses were tenanted the rent varied from 3/- to 5/- a week in the 1920s and by the late 1940s the rent did not cover the cost of repairs. In the late 1950s it was Government policy to demolish houses which were considered unfit for human habitation and replace them with new local authority houses. The Council embarked on a large clearance program and the result of this was that almost the whole centre of Monkton was destroyed. In modern times these houses would have been made fit and sold as genuine Pembrokeshire cottages. There follows a list of the properties demolished in this programme of clearance.

Monkton, Nos. 1 to 7 (Odd numbers). The date of building of these houses is not known but they do not appear on the 1840 tithe map. They were a row of single storied cottages, were the subject of proposed Clearance Area No. 7 in 1957 but the proposal was not proceeded with. They were purchased in the 1960s and demolished to allow for road improvements to Monkton Lane.

Monkton, Nos. 18, 20, 22, and 24 - Clearance Area No. 3. These two storied houses were to the west of the junction of Monkton and the lane to Priory Farm. They were demolished in 1957 and replaced by police houses. These have now been sold into private ownership.

Monkton, Nos. 32, 34 and 36, - These three houses formed Clearance Area No. 49 which was declared in 1967. A Clearance Order was made and the houses demolished in 1971.

Monkton, No. 44, Dragon Public House - This building consisted of a public house, shop and bakery all of which were run by members of the Rock family. In 1939 they were John Wilfred Rock, Annie Rock, and Eileen Rock. John (Jack) was the baker and the Miss Rocks ran the shop and the public house. There is a photograph of their bread van on page 70 of ‘Pembroke in Old Picture Postcards’ by Keith Johnson.

Monkton, Nos. 53 and 55 - These were two, two storied single fronted terraced houses on the south side of Monkton and were subject to Demolition Orders in 1956. A new bungalow has been built on the sites.

Monkton, Nos. 56 to 70 (even Nos.) - Clearance Area No. 4 -demolished in 1964.

Monkton, No. 57 - This house on the south side of Monkton was the subject of a Demolition Order made in December 1959.

Monkton, - No. 72 – Purchased at market value and demolished.

Monkton, - Nos. 74 to 88 (and Priory Back Terrace) - These were in Clearance Area No. 5 which was made in 1957. A Compulsory Purchase Order was made and the houses demolished from 1963 onwards.

Monkton, No. 90 - Purchased at market value and demolished.

Monkton No. 98 – Thomas Jones set up a Grocers Shop and Bakery at these premises between 1880 and 1881. I understand that he built the premises. In 1881 he was there with his wife Eliza and their four children – Mary aged 4, Henry aged 3, George aged 1 and son who was aged 1 month and had not yet been given a name. They also had a servant called Phoebe Gwyther from Nash who was living in. By 1901 Eliza was a widow but she carried on the business. Descendants of the family were still there the 1950s although the shop and bakery were closed. The house was purchased and demolished in the early 1960s.

Monkton - Nos. 102 to 110 (even Nos.) Clearance Area No. 27. (including Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 India Row). This Clearance Area was declared in December 1959 and the houses demolished 1964 onwards.

Priory Back Terrace, Nos. 1 to 11 (odd Nos.) and 2 to 6 (even Nos.) - These houses formed part of Clearance Area No. 5 which was declared in 1957. This also included Nos. 74 to 88 Monkton. A Compulsory Purchase order was made and the houses were demolished in 1963 / 64. Part of the land was used for housing redevelopment (Montgomery Close).

Priory Back Terrace from 1/2500 OS Map 1864

Long Mains Nos. 1 to 17, The Salutation Public House, No. 2 Long Mains, Nos. 92 94 96 98 and 100 Monkton and the ruins of the Congregational Chapel – (included shop and disused bakery). These properties were the subject of Clearance Area No. 43 and a Compulsory Purchase Order in 1964. They were demolished from 1964 onwards. The Priory Public House has replaced the Salutation, almost on the same site, and the Spar Mini Market is on the sites of 1 to 17 Long Mains. Number 100 was on the corner of Long Mains and was the Newsagents Shop of George and Beatrice Barker.

Long Mains, Nos. 18 to 36 (even Nos.) and 25 to 35 (odd Nos.) - Clearance Area No. 6 (including 1 to 5 Cross Mains) This was made in 1957 and the houses were demolished from 1963 onwards.

Long Mains, Nos. 19, 21 and 23 - These houses were represented for Clearance in November 1959 (Clearance Are No. 25). They were demolished from 1963 onwards.

Short Mains, Nos. 1 to 13 (Odd numbers) and 2 to 10 (Even numbers) - These formed Clearance Area No. 36 which was made in 1961. The houses were demolished by 1965.

Cross Mains Nos. 1 to 5 - This was row of five, single storied cottages, built about 1836. In 1957 they were part of Clearance Area No. 6 (which included part of Long Mains) and were demolished from 1963 onwards.

India Row, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 - Built circa 1835, they were part of a row of mainly single storied cottages with small courts in front (Nos. 1 and 2 were two storied). They formed Clearance Area No. 27 which was made in December 1959. The houses were demolished from 1964 onwards and the land incorporated into the new Council Estate.

India Row, Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 - Built circa 1835 they were all single storied double fronted cottages with courts in front. They formed Clearance Area No. 44 and were demolished from 1964 onwards.

An aerial photograph taken on the 23rd December 1963 of Long Mains, Short Mains, Cross Mains and Priory Back Terrace. Already some houses in Back Terrace and Long Mains have been demolished and the roadworks have been started for Marshall Road and St. Martin’s Road. The concrete bases of some new houses have been laid down. Photograph by Meridian Airmaps Ltd.

Monkton Lane – The former name of Bridgend Terrace (1864 OS Map).

New Way - Nos. 2 and 3 - These were situated on the west side of New Way. Drinking water was from a tap in the street and the houses were not connected to the sewer. They were subject to Demolition Orders in 1949 and demolished in the 1950s. In 1939 they were occupied by:-

No .2 George Thompson, Eliza Thompson, John Shears Thompson,

No. 3 Ann Jenkins Lawrence Meaney Margaret Jane Meaney John Tunster

New Way, Nos. 4 and 5 - These were situated on the west side of New Way and were single storied, single fronted, two roomed houses with a basement. Drinking water was from a tap in the street and the houses were not connected to the sewer. They shared a single common yard at the rear with No. 4 Commons Road and were subject to Demolition Orders in 1949 and demolished in the 1950s. In 1939 they were occupied by:-

No. 4 Alfred Burney

No. 5 Ivor Charles Bateman Ivy Doreen Bateman

No. 4 Commons Road and Nos. 4 and 5 New Way. (Slide by George Palmer)

New Way Chapel - This Chapel was built as an Independent Church (Congregationalist) with a house (manse) attached on the north side circa 1810. In 1856 the leaseholder was Thomas Lake and the lease was for 99 years from 29th September 1810 (Chapel, yard and cottage). The chapel became disused when the new chapel was built in Main Street and was converted to two dwelling houses which were later altered to one house. The Manse was separately occupied and the last occupier was Miss Hilda Arlow who kept a shop at the premises.

New Zealand - The original name of Long Mains. (1864 OS Map)

New Houses, Golden Hill - The original name of Wiston Street

Northgate - Situated at the southern end of the Mill Bridge. The date of building is not known for certain but it was demolished c1818. It is shown in a water colour by John Chersil Buckler circa 1815.

The Northgate by John Chersil Buckler circa 1815.

Northgate Street, Nos. 1 and 3 - These were two shops which after closure were used for living accommodation but were boarded up by 1942. In 1939 number one was occupied by Frederick and Alice Davies and number three by Harry and Amelia George. Number one is believed to have been, at one time, a butcher’s shop kept by a Mr Williams and number three, the Mariners Public House. Number three was a two storied, single fronted, six roomed house and by 1954 the floors and roof of the back addition had collapsed. The doors were only 5' 6’ high and 2' 0’ wide and the retaining wall of 3 Castle Terrace only 7' 6’ from rear window making the house dark. Both houses were subject to Demolition Orders in the late 1940s and were demolished by 1959. The sites are now used for advertising hoardings.

Northgate Street, No. 5 - This was a shop, which was the Pembroke Co-operative Stores from c1901 to some time between 1914 and 1920. By 1939 it was unused and by the 1950s was owned by George Wheeler. A demolition order was made and the premises were sold to the Council but were not demolished.

Northgate Street, No. 7 – This was the warehouse of Alfred George Pannell who was a haulage contractor who undertook furniture removals (Kelly’s Directory 1926). In 1967 it was sold and planning consent given for a change of use to a Fish and Chip Bar.

Nos. 1 and 3 Northgate Street on the left were demolished in the 1950s. Author’s collection

North Lodge - This detached two storied house was situated at the northern end of the drive to the Comprehensive School and was originally the North Lodge to Bush House. It is not shown on the 1772 estate map or on the 1848 map. A plot is marked on the 1907 OS map as is the North Drive but there is no house indicated on the plot. According to the Bush Estate records, plans were drawn up in 1922/1923 for a cottage at Bush Gate and this may be the North Lodge. In 1939 the lodge was occupied by James and Mabel Ross. It became the property of the Pembrokeshire County Council when the Grammar School was built and was closed by them in the late 1970s. It then became derelict and vandalised and was finally demolished in the 1980s.

The North Lodge, Bush. (Slide by Author).

Park Lane - This was an alternative name for Gooses Lane.

Park Road - This was an alternative name for the part of Commons Road to the east of the Commons Bridge (between Grove Bridge and the Commons Bridge).

Pembroke Railway Station - Pembroke Station was built circa 1864 for the Pembroke and Tenby Railway Company and replaced a temporary wooden building. Considerable improvement was made to the Station when the G.W.R. took over in 1897 and these included a front entrance canopy and a platform canopy c1902, a new goods lock-up and additional sidings.

The main building, the goods lock-up, the parcels office and R.T.O.'s office (a brick and corrugated iron ‘Nissen’ type building put up during W.W.II. for the Army) were demolished in 1971. The goods shed (corrugated iron), signal box and permanent way department buildings were removed some years later.

Pembroke Station decorated for the visit of the Queen in 1955 Photograph Miss Mary Williams

Pembroke Signal Box with the track maintenance depot on the right. Slide by Author.

Pencoyt or Pentecoyte (The Great Ditch of) - This is referred to in the Town Charters granted by Henry II in 1154, King John in 1201 and by King Richard II in 1377 as one the boundaries of the liberties given by the Charter. These boundaries are ‘the ford at Lantesy (Lamphey) in the east; the passage at Pembroke Ferry to the north; Stantlebrigge (Stembridge) to the west and the great ditch of Pencoyt to the south’. It has been stated that Pencoyt or Pentycoite is Quoits Pill but this cannot be so as Quoits Pill lies on the north west corner of the area and not to the south. The first three of these locations lie on roads into the Town and there would seem to be no reason why the fourth should not also lie on a road. The most likely location is the deep valley running from east to west from Maidenwells to Freshwater East, although there is now no feature called Pentcoyt in that area. In ‘Pembrokeshire County History’ John Howells gives the southern boundary as Woodsend in Stackpole Parish. The present Woodsend Farm lies to the east of Furzton and Great Furzton and some distance from the road. Woodsend Cottage(s), however, are on the side of the road on the hill to the south of this valley. This appears to confirm that the Great Ditch was this valley. The name Pencoyt remains a mystery but it is possible it is Pencoed; a headland in the trees. Woodsend is shown in the 1891 Land Tax as being owned by John Campbell. All the locations mentioned except Pembroke Ferry lay outside the boundaries of the Pembroke Borough.

The Great Ditch at Pencoyt and Woodsend Cottages

Pembroke Union Workhouse (The Spike) - This workhouse was built on three acres of land adjoining Golden Farm which was purchased from John Adams of Holyland circa 1837. It was opened in 1839 and held 180 persons. Workhouses were abolished in 1929 and the buildings were then used by Pembrokeshire County Council as a hospital. During World War II they were designated an Emergency Medical Services Hospital and in 1941 a Maternity Unit was opened - part of the north east wing being used as a nursery. The maternity Unit was moved to the South Pembrokeshire Hospital between 1960 and 1963. Considerable alterations were made to the complex between 1963 and 1966 and most of the old workhouse buildings were demolished. The new buildings which replaced them were, and still are, a home for the elderly (see ‘ The 150th Anniversary of Riverside’ by Clive Hughes for further details.)

Pembroke Union Workhouse from the 1/500 OS Map 1861

Police Station, Westgate Hill – The Castle and its immediate precincts were formerly the seat of government of the Town. Courts for the Palatine were held in the County Court in one of the rooms of the Castle and the pinfold, gaol and police station were all in the area of Westgate. The site of the Police Station in Westgate is not known for certain but may be the same as the Town Gaol.

Prefabricated Houses, Jogram Estate - These were factory built bungalows constructed in 1947 as a quick attempt to ease the housing shortage. They were owned by the Ministry of Supply and rented to the Borough Council. The names of the streets were Paynter Street and Jogram Avenue. The houses were of the ‘Arcon’ type and were meant to last for ten years but were not demolished until the 1980s. New houses have built on the site.

Photographers – In family research it is useful to be able to date photographs but this is not easy. What may look like a very old sepia photograph may have been taken in the 20th Century and not the 19th. If the photographer’s name is on the photograph it does help in that you can find out when he was active. The earliest photograph that I have seen that can be easily dated is of the old Bush House taken before the fire in 1865. This was most probably taken by Sidney Webb. He certainly took the photographs of the house after the fire in 1865.

Sidney Webb describes himself as a ‘Photographic Artist’ and lived in Commercial Row in 1870. He was born in 1834 in Bristol and he had moved to Pembroke Dock by January 1866 when he photographed Bush House shortly after the fire. By 1880 he had moved to Dimond Street and by 1881 he was at the Prince of Wales, Laws Street with his wife Ellen and five children. He seems to have retired from photography before 1891.

William Trindall was a photographer in Dimond Street from c1860 until he died some time after 1875 (their youngest child was aged six in 1881). He traded from 10 Bush Street until around 1868 when he moved to 37 Dimond Street.

The bottom of a photograph by Trindall & Co.

Mr. Hugh F. Trindall – A photograph by him appears in Mrs Peters ‘History of Pembroke Dock’ (1905). He was the youngest son of William and Sarah Trindall and traded from Dimond Street. In 1881 he was aged six.

Mrs Sarah Middleton - After the death of her husband, Sarah Trindall lost no time in marrying George Middleton, a plater in the Dockyard, on 1st October 1876! George does not seemed to have stayed long with Sarah because was not living with her in Dimond Street in the 1881 Census or in the 1891 Census. She carried on as a photographer with the help of her children and by 1883 they had become Middleton and Trindall of Dimond Street. In 1891 Mrs Middleton was advertising herself as ‘Mrs Sarah Ann Middleton, 37 Dimond Street – Photographer’. By 1901 she had disappeared from the scene. (For more details of the Trindall family see an article by Nikki Bosworth in the Western Telegraph dated 27th September 2000.)

Harry Goodden was born in Oxford in 1857 and was working as a photographer in High Street, Narberth in 1881. His wife was Emma Goodden (nee Gould) and as their youngest child, Gertrude Goodden, was aged one year and was born in Bristol, they appear to have moved to Narberth in 1880/1881. By 1884 he had opened a shop in St. Michael’s Square, Pembroke and by 1891 he had moved to Main Street. He was no longer trading in 1901. His shop and studio are featured in a very faded photograph. In the 1950s the Smith brothers occupied the premises as a butcher’s shop.

Harry Goodden’s shop and studio in Main Street, Pembroke. Author’s collection.

Frank Stearne, Main Street Pembroke – He is shown in the 1901 Trade Directory as a photographer but was not there in 1914. He may have taken over the premises of Harry Goodden.

Samuel John Allen was born in Lichfield in 1856. By 1881 he had married Zellah ?Smith and had one child, Charles Smith Allen. He was trading from 26 Bush Street as a stationer but by 1901 he is listed as a stationer and photographer. Before 1914 he had moved to Cresswell Buildings, Bush Street. In the 1926 Kelly’s Directory he is described as ‘S. J. Allen & Co. Stationer, Cresswell Buildings, Bush Street’.

The bottom of a S.J. Allen photograph. It bears the Royal Coat of Arms and the words ‘Patronised by HRH the Duke of Edinburgh’.

William Henry Thomas of 9 High Street seems to have begun his career in 1901. One of his photographs appears in Mrs Peters ‘History of Pembroke Dock’ 1905. He had moved to 59 Bush Street by 1914 where he stayed until sometime between 1923 and 1926.

Scanned by Author from a photocopy

Mr. J. Thomas – Three of his photographs appear in ‘Pembroke Dock Parish – A retrospect’ by Rev. Silas T. Phillips published in 1898.

A. Aslat. I know little of this photographer. His well known photograph of Paterchurch Tower appears in Mrs Peters ‘History of Pembroke Dock’ and in ‘Pembroke Dock Parish – A retrospect’ by Rev. Silas T. Phillips. He had died before 1905.

M. Morgan, The Bazaar, Pembroke Street - M. Morgan is Mrs Mary Morgan who had a stationers and fancy goods shop at 21 Pembroke Street from about 1901 until sometime between 1920 and 1923. She published a large number of views of Pembroke Dock both as postcards and in bound volumes. I do not know if she took the photographs herself or employed others.

From the cover of an album of photographs published by Mrs Mary Morgan

Arthur Squibbs built a studio in Water Street, Pembroke Dock in 1921/1922, although he and his brother Harold had been photographers since 1901. They began in New Quay, Cardiganshire and then opened studios in Milford Haven and Tenby. The Pembroke Dock studio was burnt down in the air raid on the night of the 12th May 1941.

Primitive Methodist Chapel, 24 The Green - This small chapel was converted from a two storied cottage circa 1848. Some time after 1861 it was used again as a dwelling house but was closed as unfit for human habitation in the late 1940s. It was converted into a Roman Catholic Church (St. Joseph's) in 1957/58 and vacated shortly after the new Church was built in Monkton. It then became a printing works and is still extant. (See the map accompanying the entry for Harbour Lodge).

The Old Catholic Church, 25 The Green in April 2002. Scanned from a digital photograph by Jack Woodward.

Priory Back Terrace – see Monkton

Public Conveniences

Town Hall - incorporated into the Town Hall. Removed in the early 1990s Millbridge - a Victorian cast iron urinal which was removed when the Mill was demolished circa 1957. Gooses Lane - a rendered brick urinal which fell down in 1953 and was rebuilt in the same form. The demolition date not known but thought to be in the 1960s Black Horse - built in 1957 on site of 118 Main Street and still in use. Commons Road - Built about 1969 on site of the Council Yard and still in use.

Puddings End Farm, Watery Lane, Monkton - The former name of West Windmill Hill Farm.

Reservoirs - In Pembroke in the 1940s water was supplied to the Town from seven reservoirs.

a) Golden Hill - This reservoir was supplied by gravity from the Stephens Green reservoir which was supplied with water pumped from Milton Springs. It was built c1898 to supply water to Pembroke Dock and when Pembroke found that their springs were insufficient to meet the demand, Pembroke Dock (Pater Ward) offered to sell them water from this reservoir! The cost of this water to Pembroke in 1933/1934 was £350.

b) Norgans Hill - This reservoir was situated on the northern slope of Norgans Hill in the field to the west of the road and was supplied by nearby springs. It was found to be heavily polluted and was closed in 1943.

c) Southdown - This was situated to the south of Southdown Farm and was supplied from nearby springs. It was built with the compensation received from the Admiralty as a result of the opening of Pembroke Dock Market in 1826. In 1943 it was found to be in a poor state of repair and heavily polluted. It was not used after that date.

d) Roadside - This reservoir was sited at Whetstone Hill in the field to the left of the road and was supplied by nearby springs. It was found to be grossly polluted and was discontinued in 1943.

e) Coquet (Cockett) - This supplied the Grove area and was found to be polluted and unfit to use and was closed in 1943.

f) Bush Hill - Until 1954 eight houses in Rocky Park were supplied from an old reservoir situated in a field on Bush Hill. The exact location is not known.

g) Coldwell - This supplied the Bridgend Terrace area until 1941 when, because of fractures in the service pipes from the well, the houses were transferred to the Town supply.

There was an acute water shortage in 1943 in Pembroke caused by the large Military presence in the area and Naval ships calling at Pembroke Dock taking on large quantities of water. The twelve inch water main into the Dockyard often had to supply four fire hoses at a time to water these vessels. This lowered the level of Golden Hill reservoir to such an extent that no water was supplied to Pembroke and the higher areas of Pembroke Dock. It was proposed that the Norgans Hill and Southdown Reservoirs be put in order but the results of water samples showed gross pollution of both supplies. The cost of installing chlorinating plants was considered excessive and so these sources were closed. After the war, an additional main was laid to supply water to Pennar and the higher areas of Pembroke Dock to improve the water pressure.

Rights of Way – The following list of Rights of Way were sent to the ministry for confirmation in 1954. (Planning Committee of the Pembroke Borough Council dated 8/11/1954 (page 153 - green) confirmed 16/11/1954). ‘The Borough Surveyor reported that he had to submit to the Ministry a map showing existing Rights of way in the Borough, when the following were confirmed: -

Rights of Way 1) Rocky Park (Rocky Park through to Pennar opposite Military Road) 2) From bottom of Sycamore Street to join above 3) Imble Bridal (path) 4) Across Barrack Hill - all known footpaths 5) Top of Tremeyrick Street to Pembroke Ferry 6) Norgans Hill / Taylor’s Lake to Watery Lane, Monkton 7) Norgans Hill to St. Daniel's Cemetery 8) Grove Hill via Maxwelton to Brockfield Lane Grove Hill via Gaudy Hall Farm to Kingston Hill 9) Rose Valley via Alleston Farm to Freshwater East 10) Bottom of Kingston Hill via Lammaston to the foot of Trewent Hill

Carriage Roads 1) Watery Lane, Monkton 2) Brockfield Lane 3) Watery Lane, Merlins Cross 4) Second, Third and Fourth Lanes at Upper Lamphey Road

RESOLVED that the following be also added: - 1) Gilgal Terrace to Gay's Lane 2) Centre of North Street to Albany Terrace and Sycamore Street’.

Rock Cottage - This was a single storied cottage situated at ‘Conniger Field’ on the shore opposite, and to the west of, Pembroke Castle. It was formerly the storehouse of a boat building yard operated by Captain Hurlow. He was also a timber merchant and the owner of the brig ‘Pembroke Castle’ which traded between Pembroke and Quebec. The cottage was approached from Quarry Lane through Priory Farm (or along the shore). In 1856 the cottage was owned by the Orielton Estate and let on lease to Thomas Hurlow for his own life aged 57 years or twenty one years from the 29th September 1838 at a rent of £74 p.a. In The Orielton Estate sale catalogue the property is described as ‘Cottage and lands abutting on the Pembroke River near the bridge, viz 903 Arable and Bank 904 Plantation and ditto 905 Cottage and garden 906 Boat House 907 Shed.’ The cottage is now derelict.

From the 1864 OS Map

Rock Buildings - Former name of 6, 8 and 10 The Green.

Rocky Park, No. 1 - Subject to a Demolition Order in 1950 and demolished by 1953. This house was built against a wall and had no through ventilation or backyard. In 1939 it was occupied by William George Shepherd and Martha Jane Shepherd.

Nos. 1, 2 and 3 Rocky park from the 1848 Bush Estate map.

Rocky Park, Nos. 2 and 3 - Two single storied cottages (No. 3 had a two storied back addition). They were subject to a Clearance Order in 1971. In 1939 number two was occupied by John Nicholas and Emily Sturley and number three by John Henry Kelly and Harriet Kelly.

Numbers 2 & 3 Rocky Park. (Slide by Author).

Rocky Park, Nos. 8 and 9 - Situated at the western end of Rocky Park - They were subject to an undertaking not to use for human habitation in 1948. In 1939 number eight was unoccupied and number nine was occupied by Gordon and Martha Rees. Number eight was occupied by Mr H.G.G Field in 1946.

Ropewalk, Lamphey Road - A long narrow plot of land between the end of Ropewalk Terrace and First Lane. It was used as a ropeworks by Mr Joseph Thomas and a Mr Canton who was a shipbuilder at Llawrenny. Joseph Thomas is shown in Pigot’s Trade Directory for 1830 as a rope maker and in Robson’s Commercial Directory of 1840 as a rope maker and grocer. In 1850 he is still there but with his ?son John Thomas. The rope works seems to have closed by 1870. There was a building at the western end of the plot which was a store house for the works. This building is shown as a ruin on the 1875 O.S Map. The site is now partly covered by housing development but a portion still exists adjoining the former St Michael's Vicarage.

Taken from the 1875 O.S. Map.

END OF PART THREE

PEMBROKE FROM ‘S’ TO ‘W’

Sawmills, Pembroke Station – The 1864 OS Map shows a timber yard adjoining the Station but I do not know who owned it. At some time between 1914 and 1920, Messrs T.W. Colley & Sons built a sawmill on this site. The mill was powered by a large gas engine in its own shed. William Colley, the son of Thomas Colley, a stonemason, had set up business as a marble and monumental mason and flag and slate merchant in Holyland Road c1884. In 1914 he is listed as builder’s merchant, timber merchant, sawing mills, mason and ironmongers and was still at Holyland Road. By 1920 the Company had moved to a site adjoining the GWR Station and were also coal merchants by this time. In the early 1930s they required a private siding in connection with their business and this was accomplished by removing the end-on loading ramp from the siding serving the cattle dock and extending the track on a tight curve to end a few feet from, and at right angles to, Upper Lamphey Road. This track extension involved the cutting away of part of one of Colley’s sheds at an angle leaving a strangely shaped building. As there was a fire risk from sparks from steam locomotives and the clearances on this siding were so tight, engines could not enter the part of the siding within Colley's yard. To keep the engine out of the yard either a large number of wagons had to be attached and propelled into the siding or the wagons had to be ‘fly’ shunted. The latter procedure did nothing to improve the state of the buffer stops at the Lamphey Road end. This siding was also used by W.R. Morgan Cattle Foods.

Colley’s shed, as amputated by the GWR

A part of the yard was let to Shell Mex and BP Ltd. and they established petrol and oil depot with tanks for petrol and kerosene. Both products were delivered by rail tankers to “grid boxes” near one of the GWR sidings and pipelines from these boxes led to the storage tanks.

Advertisement from the Pembroke County and West Wales Guardian Friday 29th July 1932.

Sadly the business closed in the 1970s (with the exception of the coal and glass business) and was taken over by Messrs Reeves, later Grahams and now Jewsons. All the building used by T.W. Colley & Sons have been demolished.

Schools –

The National School, Main Street –

The National School in 2001 as a Minimarket. (Photograph by Author).

The date of the opening of the first National School in Pembroke is not known but the school is listed in Pigot & Co.’s Directories for 1830 and 1835. The Master was Peter John and the Mistress Amelia Figg. In 1840 and 1850 the Master was John Owen. The present building bears the date 1861 and would seem to be a replacement of an earlier building, possibly on the same site. In 1847, Messrs William Morris and David Lewis, who were Government Inspectors, visited all the schools in the Borough but there is no report on the National School, Pembroke. They did, however, report on the Church Sunday School which was held in the National School. The report sates, ‘On the 20th of December I visited this school. It was held in the National Schoolroom at Pembroke and conducted chiefly by Miss Phillips the Vicar's daughter and other Pembroke ladies. There were present at the time of my visit, 60 girls. One class was composed of girls from the age of twelve to seventeen inclusive, and was reading the book of Job. They all read with ease, and the questions put by the teacher was readily answered. Another class was reading the 8th chapter of St. Matthew's gospel; they all read very well. In answer to questions put, they said- Our Saviour came on earth to save us-he died for us-the soldiers cruciriod (sic) him-Acts was the name of one of the apostles – Peter was another. Another class was reading the 13th chapter of St. John's gospel; some of them could read well. The method of questioning used by the teacher of this class was merely putting the verse verbatim into an interrogatory form. There were two other classes reading the Testament. Indeed; these could hardly be called reading classes, for it was little better than spelling. The teachers of both these classes told me that they did not question much, their object being chiefly to teach them to read’. When the School Board took over education in the Borough in 1871, the National School, Pembroke is not mentioned. George Mason states, ‘The first School Board set to work to provide more school accommodation; the National and British Schools at Pembroke Dock, the British School at Monkton and private adventure schools being inadequate for the number of children in the Borough’. This suggests that the National school was not operating as a day school but perhaps only as a Sunday School. The building was known later as St. Mary’s Schoolroom and for some time was used as an Employment Exchange. It is now a Minimarket.

British School, Monkton - Built 1865 as a mixed school and sited at the junction of Bridgend Terrace and Monkton Lane. An infant's school was built in the schoolyard in 1875 but soon became used for cookery lessons. Under the provisions of the Education Act 1870 it became a Board School in 1872 and could accommodate 186 pupils. In 1904, the headmaster was Mr W. James and the assistants were Mr R. Owen and Miss C. Treharne. It was demolished for road improvement circa 1964.

The British School, Monkton.

Monkton Infants School – This school was built in 1898 to accommodate 350 pupils and is situated on the north side of Monkton. In 1904, the Headmistress was Miss F.M. Logan and the Assistant Mistresses the Misses C.L. Thomas, S.A. Kenniford and M. G. Norris. The building is still extant.

The East End School –

East End School in 2001. Photograph by Author.

This school opened in 1873 for senior and junior boys and girls and for infants. According to George Mason, it was ‘built in the garden of Mr Hughes, situate on a corner of the East End of Pembroke, bounded by Lower Lamphey Lane, merging from Kennel Square on the north, and on the east by Well Lane (Powell’s Well) leading to Grove’. The senior mixed school could accommodate 140 pupils. The Headmaster in 1904 was Mr A. Potter BA and the Assistants were Mr G. Davies and the Misses S. Brown and C. Powell. The junior mixed school could accommodate 220 pupils and in 1904, the Headmaster was Mr C. Beavans. The assistants were Mr J.C. Thomas and the Misses F.E. Thompson and E. Griffiths. The infant’s school could accommodate 105 and the Headmistress in 1904 was Mrs C. Thompson with the Misses F.G. Brace and H. Williams as assistants. With building of Grove School in 1968 the school became redundant and was used for other purposes for some years. It is now empty and the windows are boarded up (October 2001).

Workhouse School – There appears to have been a school in the Workhouse. Richard Rose in ‘Pembroke People’ mentions Hannah Dally, a widow aged 28 of Nash Lodge, who was appointed Schoolmistress at the Workhouse on the 26th January 1843. Her salary was £15 a year. In 1850, the Schoolmaster was Edward Shaw and the Schoolmistress Esther Griffiths and in 1870 it was E. Thomas and Mary Twigg who filled the posts. By 1880, there was no Schoolmaster but Mary Twigg was still Schoolmistress. She was still there in 1891 and in 1901 is described as an ‘Industrial Teacher’. From 1914 to 1926, the ‘Industrial Teachers’ were Mr & Mrs W.F. Bentley (they also taught at the children’s home at Croft House).

Slaughterhouse, Commons Road - This building is shown on the 1861 OS Map and was converted from part of the gasworks. In the early part of last century it was owned by the Borough Council and used as a slaughterhouse up to 1939. During the war and afterwards it became a stores in connection with the Council Yard. In 1958, it was altered to make a garage for the Council's grass mowing tractor and other machinery. Part of the building was converted into an Information Centre in 1995 and the remainder demolished.

Slothy Mill – See Grove Mill.

Southbrigge (Southbridge) – In 1386 there is mention of ‘two bridges of the castle – one called Northbrigge and the other Southbrigge, both ‘decayed through want of repair 100l’. Presumably, the Southbrigge is Monkton bridge.

Springfield, The Green – This house was known as Paddock House and was leased to William Trewent, Draper, on 16th November 1818 for the lives of his two sons. The lease included the adjoining paddock of three acres.

Springfield Cottage, The Green - Sited near the telephone kiosk, Springfield Cottage was a single storied cottage, built end-on to the road. This property appears to be the old cottage and garden ‘opposite the paddock gate in the Green, near the house of blacksmith Richard George’ leased by William Trewent from J.F. Meyrick on 23rd March 1815 for the purpose building two substantial dwelling houses or cottages (Richard Rose in Pembroke People). The old cottage appears to have retained but I do not know if he built the two houses, or if he did, exactly where they were. He may have changed his mind about building because three years later he leased Paddock House (now Springfield) and the adjoining paddock of three acres. The cottage was last occupied by a Mr Welch who was the Surveyor to Bush Estate and was demolished in 1961 to allow for road improvements.

Springfield Paddock, The Green - This is the field in which Castle View has been built. In 1884 it was owned by William Trewent who is described as a Linen and Woollen Draper, Grocer, Maltster, Brewer and General and Commission Agent’. His premises were at Main Street, Pembroke and at Standard House, Commercial Row, Pembroke Dock. He was a Justice of the Peace, Mayor of Pembroke for 1866/67 and the first Treasurer of the first School Board in the Borough formed under the Education Act 1870.

Springfield Terrace, The Green – This is the original name of the terrace of houses on the western side of the Green. (See Harbour Lodge for a map of the Green in 1864).

Station Road No. 1 and the Coach House – See No. 7 East End Square.

Station Road, Nos. 10 & 12 - These were declared as unfit in 1968 (Clearance Area No. 45). They were situated on the north side of the road adjoining and to the west of the railway bridge. The date of building is not known but they were demolished in 1969 to give access to the land at the rear for use as children's playground. This land was once part of the gardens of the Station Road houses but was cut off when the railway embankment was constructed. In 1968 the tenant of No. 12 was Miss Elsie Campodonic whose toilet roof was at one time demolished by a large lump of coal which fell from the tender of a passing railway train. No. 10 was vacant in 1968; the tenants having been re-housed (Mr and Mrs Kingdom).

Station Road, Nos. 11, 13, and 15 - Clearance Area No. 26 - Declared 1959. These were small two storied houses on the south side of the road and were demolished circa 1964 as the result of a Clearance Order made at the same time. The site of No. 15 was used to make a footpath to Lower Lamphey Road.

Station Road Nos. 17 to 29 - The building date not known. It was a row of small two-storied houses and was purchased for demolition in 1953. They were demolished about 1956 and the sites used for the Station Road car park.

Station Road, Nos. 31 to 41 – These were demolished by the owners, T.W. Colley in the early 1960s.

Station Road, No. 43 - This house was subject to a Demolition Order in 1953.

Station Road, Nos. 45 and 47 - These two houses formed Clearance Area No. 13 and were the subject of a Clearance Order in 1957. Messrs Graham's lower builder's yard was built on the sites of these houses. This has now gone and housing has been built on the site.

Station Road, No. 49 - This was a detached, two storied, stone built house with a corrugated iron roof. It was situated at the north eastern corner of the approach to the station and was demolished in circa 1957. The site has not been developed and forms part of the roadside. In 1939 it was occupied by Reuben McCarthy, Margaret McCarthy and Gwendoline McCarthy. The last occupants were Mr and Mrs Scourfield.

49 Station Road. (Slide by George Palmer).

Saint Anne’s Lane - Now called Rocky Park it is referred to in the Boundary Commissions Report 1837 as ‘Saint Anne’s Lane (otherwise Moblin’s Lane)’.

Saint Anne's Chapel - This Chapel is shown on Speed's map (1610) and on the ‘Frenchman's’ map (circa 1650) but the exact site is not known. Two fields on the Bush Estate map of 1772 are named St. Anne’s but without excavation it is impossible to say if the Chapel was built in either of these fields. It has been suggested that St. Anne's Villa is the site of the Chapel.

Saint Anne's Villa - This house was situated to the south of the right of way from Rocky Park to Pennar. It is shown on the 1772 Bush Estate map, is probably contemporary with the old Bush House and is one of the suggested sites of St. Anne's Chapel. In 1821 a John Smith, labourer, was living there. The house is now derelict and mostly demolished.

1772 Bush Estate map. Enclosures No. 12 are called St. Anne’s. Enclosures No. 13 are a Timber Yard, Garden and Close. Note the open area in the Green where Rock Buildings were built later.

St. Annes Villa in the early 19th century. Detail from a watercolour by Charles Norris. Courtesy of Richard Rose and Cardiff Central Library.

Saint Daniel's Cottage - This small cottage was situated on the eastern side of St. Daniel's Hill. In 1939 it was occupied by Charles Webb, Jane Webb, Eliza Webb and William Gordon Webb. It became unoccupied in the 1950s and soon became derelict. The remaining walls were removed in the 1990s when St. Daniel's Hill was improved.

Saint Michael's Church – This church which has medieval origins is shown on John Speed’s map of 1610. The map shows a preaching cross in the precincts of the church and another outside in St Michael’s Square.

Detail from Speed’s map of 1610

According to the Town Guide it was originally ‘a plain Norman Church with a stunted tower and it was nearly all rebuilt in 1835 and again in 1887’. The rebuilt church of 1835 can be seen in a watercolour by Charles Norris.

Detail of St Michael’s Church in the early 19th Century from a watercolour by Charles Norris By courtesy of Cardiff Central Library and Mr Richard Rose.

Saint Michael's Square (Wesley Square), Main Street - The extent of this square is not well defined but it was that part of Main Street near St. Michael's Church. It seems to have extended almost to East End Square and included Eaton Place (see Eaton Place for photograph).

Steam Roller Shed, Commons Road - This was a corrugated iron on a wood frame building with a ‘cut out’ above the centre of the double doors to allow the chimney of the steam roller to pass the door lintel. It was demolished in the 1970s and the site is now occupied by part of the Carvery Restaurant. It is shown on the 1956 aerial photograph. The Council owned two steam rollers. One was an Aveling and Porter built in 1900 and was last used in 1959. It was inspected in that year and was found to need new boiler tubes, firebox stays and repairs to the injector. In 1964 it was sold to R. Hitchcock & Sons of Llanelly for £64 and cut up for scrap. The other was a Marshal which was built in 1921. In 1957, it was in need of 28 new boiler tubes and 12 firebox stays. This work was carried out by R.S. Hayes at a cost of £152. It was eventually sold in the 1960s to Mr Tom James for preservation. Mr James kept this engine in good repair for many years and named it ‘Pride of Pembroke’. After Mr James death it was sold out of the County but has now returned and was shown at the Haverfordwest Steam Fair in 1988. In 1949, the drivers of these engines were Mr W.H. Jenkins and Mr S. (Sid) Meany. Their wages in 1952 were £6-13-2 a week.

Strawhall, Golden Lane - The building date not known but it is mentioned in 1827. It was a single storied four roomed cottage, was subject to a Demolition Order in 1958 and demolished shortly afterwards. In 1833 Jane, the daughter of Cornelius Mathias and his wife Mary of Strawhall, was baptised at St Michael’s Church. In 1881, it was occupied by Thomas and Ann Jones and their six children; Rosea, John, Elizabeth, Margaret, Walter and James and in 1939, by Ronald James and Doris Gertrude James. The last tenant was a Mr Murphy.

Straw Hall, Golden Lane from the 1864 OS Map.

Sunnyhill, No. 1 The Parade - This house was demolished in 1957 to allow for road widening. The house was built against the old Town Wall and this fell down when the house was being demolished. The wall was rebuilt to match the remaining wall.

The Green, No. 3 –

The Green, Pembroke.

Number three The Green was a double fronted three storied house with a canopy over the front door. In 1939 it was occupied by Bertram and Daisy Rolfe. It was demolished c1955 to build the extension to Croft House.

The Green, The Army and Navy Inn - This Public House is shown as No. 2 The Green. However, in the 1939 Electoral Register, No. 2 The Green is occupied by William Charles Neil and he definitely kept the Waterman’s Arms. From the Trade Directories, it is clear that both Public Houses existed at the same time. The first mention of the Army and Navy Inn is in the 1880 directory when the licensee was Thomas McNally. In 1901 the licensee was Thomas Rogers but by 1914 John T. Usher had taken over. He remained there until sometime between 1920 and 1923 when the public house seems to have closed. In 1939 there is a John Thomas Usher living at 25 The Green together with Beatrice Lucy Usher and Maria Usher.

The Green - Prior to the building of Rock Terrace there was an open ‘green’ area on this site. Its use is not known but presumably, it was an area for leisure activities. Former names for the Green were Easter Green and St. Mary's Green.

The Green, Nos. 12, 14 & 16 - These three houses were demolished in c1961. In 1939 they were occupied by :-

No. 12 Mary Skyrme and Stephen Mabe. No. 14 Albert and Beatrice Scorey, No. 16 James Phillips Davies and Winifred Cleopatra Davies.

The Green, No. 18 - This house two-storied house stood on the north side of the old entrance to into Golden Hill Road. It was demolished in 1961 as a result of a Demolition Order. In 1939 it was occupied by James and Margaret Whitehouse.

The Green, Nos. 20, 22, and 25 – These formed Clearance Area No. 2 which was declared on the 12th December 1956. Numbers 20 and 22 were on the east side of the Green and number 25 was at the rear of number 18. It was occupied by a Mr Gwyther. Number 22 was used for a while to store properties and costumes in connection with the Pageant of Pembroke in 1957. The houses were demolished in 1961 and the whole area redeveloped. There were two houses numbered 25 the Green, one of which was formerly 18 Springfield Terrace on the west side of the road. (See also the Blacksmith's Shop).

The Old Infirmary, St Michael's Square (15 East Back) - This was a tall, narrow, three storied building with a large two storied addition on the rear. The building date not known but it is shown on the 1864 O.S. map. The Pembroke and Pembroke Dock Infirmary and Dispensary was established in the building in 1862 and it is mentioned in several 19th century trade directories. The rear addition appears to have been much too large to be used as a dwelling house and may have been added to make the premises suitable for use as a hospital. Joshua W. Morrison was the Medical Officer in 1881 and the Matron and Mistress of the Infirmary was Mrs Janet Duffy aged 42 who was born at Brompton, Kent. With her was her unmarried daughter Kathleen M. Duffy, aged 16. She was born in Kildare Co, Ireland and was employed as a machinist. The patients were:-

Timothy Clifford, unmarried, aged 20, born in Cork, Ireland (a baker). Margaret Thomas, unmarried, aged 14 and born in Carew. Mary Cook, unmarried, aged 14 born in Jeffreston.

It was not used as an Infirmary after the Cottage Hospital in East Back was opened in 1897 but was converted into a house or houses. In 1939, it was occupied by Henry John, Bertie John, Glyn John, Alfred Williams and Edna Williams. The last occupier (1948) was Mr Henry Seymour Roblin who had married Decima Clarissa John. By 1970, the building had become dangerous and as a result of this, a demolition order was made. The house was demolished in the same year and a new house built on the site.

On the left the Old Infirmary, 15 East Back. (Slide by George Palmer)

The Quay, Nos. 2 and 3 - These were two, three storied houses of unknown date. They were the subject of Clearance Area No. 21 declared in 1959. A Clearance Order was made at the same time. They were demolished in 1961 and public conveniences built on the site.

The Royal George and 2 and 3 The Quay

The Tanyard (1) - Tanyards have been operating in Pembroke since the early days of the Town. Francis Rogers, who was Mayor in 1660, was a Tanner and apparently did very well from the business. The Hearth Tax of 1670 showed that he owned two houses, one of which had seven hearths. His youngest son, who was also Francis, carried on the business. In the 1791/92 Land Tax a tanyard in St Michael’s Parish was owned by Thomas Phillip. In 1803 Samuel Levi, a silversmith, held the lease of a tanyard and sub-leased to Jeremiah Phillips who was a tanner. In the 1820 Land Tax Benjamin George occupied a tanyard in St Michael’s Parish owned by Thomas Phillips. One of the Tanyards existing in the late 1860s was situated near the junction of Commons Road and the Parade in the Parish of St Mary. After being burnt down in 1953, the remains were purchased in 1959 by the Borough Council for £500 from Messrs Wheeler Brothers (Earlsfield) Ltd. for demolition and road improvement. A remaining building on the opposite side of the road was used as a gypsy caravan museum and later as a night-club. There was also a cottage which was known as Tanyard Cottage and which was occupied by Mrs P.M. Davies in 1946.

The Tanyard (2) - This Tanyard was situated at the eastern end of The Commons near Gooses Lane and is in the Parish of St Michael. It is shown on the 1/2500 1864 O.S. map but not the 1/500 1861 map suggesting that was set up between 1861 and 1864. It seems to have been short lived and Rock Terrace was built on the site. In 1805 a tanyard in St Michael’s Parish was leased to Jeremiah Phillips by Mary Levi (daughter of Samuel Levi who was a silversmith) but this probably refers to a previous tanyard. Its location is not known but the probability is that it was near the Commons stream somewhere between New Way and Goose’s Lane. The 1820 Land Tax shows a Benjamin George occupied a Tanyard owned by Thomas Phillips in St Michael’s Parish.

From the 1864 OS Map

The Tollgate, Holyland Road (Holyland Cottage) - Situated at the junction of Holyland Road and Golden Lane / Dill Road. The building date is uncertain but it is shown on a map dated 1808. The Turnpike House at Holyland was broken into on 12th December 1817 and 15s - ½d stolen (Pembroke People – Richard Rose). In 1841 the gatekeeper was Jane Eynon aged 35. The 1881 Census shows that the gatekeeper was Mrs Jane Phillips (widow) and her nineteen year old daughter Rebecca. It is reputed that George Jenkins of Priory Farm, with the high spirits of youth, habitually leaped over this gate on horseback to avoid paying the toll. Unknown to George, his father always paid up later and saved him from prosecution! (See Strawhall for plan). The gate has gone but the keeper's cottage remains.

The Crane, Holyland Road, - The original house has been demolished and a new bungalow built in its place.

The Town Clock – This is said to have been erected in the early part of the 19th Century possibly on the site of the fish market. An engraving taken from a painting by J.P. Neale is shown on page 35 of ‘Pembroke for King and Parliament’ by Phil Carradice and this shows a building on the site of the clock tower. However,as Phil says about the engraving it ‘seems to be an imaginative interpretation rather than an accurate record’. Certainly the engraving has been ‘over worked’. In the foreground figures are just discernible beneath the new work and as only the foreground has been altered perhaps an older engraving has been re-used.

Detail from an engraving taken from a painting by J.P. Neale dated 1818. Courtesy of Phil Carradice

The works of clock are dated 1829 (Council minutes 1955). The top of the tower was rebuilt to an altered design in 1897 (Queen Victoria’s Jubilee Year) and this can be used as a guide to date old photographs. The clock face was also changed.

The clock before 1897 The clock after 1897

The 1861 Census shows Thomas Lloyd, a tailor as living ‘in the room under the clock’. In 1950, the trees in St. Mary's Churchyard were lopped so that ‘the people in the Green can read the clock’ (Council minutes 1950). The shop part of the premises were rented or leased to various shopkeepers over the years with a provision in the contract allowing access to wind the clock. In 1955, the lessee, W.H. Smith, informed the Council that ‘the person who winds the clock could no longer hold the key to their premises and could only have access during shop hours’. I am not sure how this dispute was settled. The clock was repaired by John Smith of Derby in 1955 at a cost of £64.

The Town Gaol - This is reputed to have been situated on Westgate Hill. It was derelict and roofless for many years and was reported as having iron rings built into the walls of the cellar to which prisoners could be chained. The premises were restored in 1964/65 and are now a private house.

Union Lane or Workhouse Lane – Alternative names of Woodbine Terrace.

Well Hill Nos. 1 & 2 - These were two single storied houses at the top of Well Hill and were the subject of Clearance Area No. 39 and a Clearance Order in 1961. They were demolished and the site used as a small car park.

1 & 2 Well Hill from the 1907 OS Map

Westgate - This gate guarded the approach to the Town from Monkton. The date of demolition is not known but was before c1820. Only the springing of the arch is left and can still be seen on the eastern side of the road.. The road was excavated to even out the gradient some time after 1864; leaving the footings of the arch some six feet above the present road level.

Westgate from the 1864 OS Map showing the original road and Westgate Cottages. The bends in the road aided defence by making attackers vulnerable to gunfire from the Castle. The Town Wall ran along The Parade from the West Gate.

Westgate, Cromwell Brewery – See Castle Terrace.

Westgate, No. 5 – This two storied house and shop stood next to the garage of Mr Owen Davies of Crickmarren Farm. It was demolished some time after 1939 to enable the garage to expand its business. In 1939, it was occupied by John Stanley H. Russell and Lilian Elizabeth Russell.

No. 5 Westgate Hill (centre) and Davies’s Garage

Westgate, Garage – This was established by Mr Owen Davies of Crickmarren Farm before the second world war in an entry between numbers 5 and 6 Westgate. This entry is shown on the 1861 OS Map and served a large building at the rear. The original purpose of this building is not known. The garage was enlarged by the demolition of the next door house and shop. The site has been redeveloped recently as three storied flats designed to match the adjoining house.

From the 1864 OS Map showing the entry between two houses in which Davies’s Garage was built. The purpose of the building coloured red is not known.

Westgate, Calvinistic Methodist Chapel – The original chapel was built in about 1827. Many members of its congregation lived in Pembroke Dock and from 1830 to 1838 they were in the habit of going to Westgate Chapel every Sunday morning. As George Mason puts it ‘They would rendezvous at Bush Lodge, and the brethren from the lower part of the town would here wait for their compatriots from the lower part of the town, and vice versa.’ The Chapel was rebuilt in its present form in 1866 at a cost of £2,100.

Sketch by Charles Norris showing the old Calvinistic Methodist Chapel at the bottom of Westgate Hill in the early 19th Century. Courtesy of Richard Rose and Cardiff Central Library.

West End House, Priory Terrace, Monkton – Herbert Edward Fryer kept a Grocer’s shop here in 1880. By 1884, he is listed in Kelly’s Trade Directory as ‘baker & grocer, & agent for John Taylor, Melksham Flour Mills’. In the 1881 Census there is an Albert Edward Fryer, aged 31, who is a Baker and Grocer living at Priory Terrace. He is from Bedminster, Devon and his wife Mary Ann, aged 34, is from Crediton, Devon. They had two children – Sydney Govan Fryer aged 8 and Winifred Mary Fryer aged 2. Both were born in Monkton but there is no record of their baptism. The family were no longer trading in the Pembroke area by 1891. Priory Terrace was later renumbered in with Monkton and the houses demolished in the 1960s.

Priory Terrace and Priory Back Terrace from the 1864 OS Map.

Whetstone Hill Camp – During W.W.II a military camp was set up on the south side of the road almost opposite the present house. I do not know which branch of the Armed Services used the camp or its purpose. After the war, it was occupied by ‘squatters’ for a while until they were re-housed.

Windmills - It is known that there was a windmill sited at Windmill Hill Farm and that there were other windmills in the area. The exact location of these others is not known to me at present.

Woodbine Cottage, Woodbine Terrace – In the 1881 Census Woodbine Cottage is mentioned. It is occupied by John Jones, aged 35, who was Clerk to the Board of Guardians. With him were: - Alice E. Jones, his wife aged 29 Ashley E. Jones his son aged 6 John S. Jones his son aged 5 Beatrice E. W. Jones his daughter aged 3 Frances W. Jones his daughter aged 2 Margaret M. Evans aged 21 who was a visiting Gentlewoman Helen M. Morgan aged 23, Governess Martha Davies aged 19, General domestic servant.

The large number of people in the cottage suggests that it was a rather large cottage. I do not know the location of the premises but it may be a renamed Harbour Lodge.

Appendix ‘A’

A description of the design of the Arms of the Borough of Pembroke.

Arms. Or six chevrons gules a bordure quarterly argent and azure charged with twelve martlets, gules on the argent and or on the azure.

Crest. Upon a wreath of the colours, on a mount vert a castle of three towers proper, the exterior towers circular and spired, the middle square, in front of the port an anchor erect sable.

Supporters. On the dexter side a lion gules, on the sinister lion argent, each gorged with a naval crown or, the dexter lion, charged with a portcullis or, the sinister with a Tudor rose.

The shield bears the six red chevrons on gold of Gilbert de Clare, first Earl of Pembroke, so created in 1138, and succeeded by his son Richard ‘Strongbow’. After his time the Clare chevrons were reduced from six to three, as seen in the arms of Gloucestershire and Hertford, other Clare strongholds held by descendants of the early Clares. The user of the earlier coat of six chevrons fixes the associations of Pembroke with Gilbert and Strongbow. Round the shield is a border of blue and white bars with a border of red martlets, or heraldic swallows, as may be seen on the effigy of William de Valence in Westminster Abbey. These red martlets appear on white, and on the blue are gold martlets from the arms of Jasper Tudor, created Earl of Pembroke in 1453. His arms had a border of gold martlets on blue, and these arms were sometimes used by the County Council before receiving the grant of their present arms. Above the shield is closed helmet granted to Corporations, with the mantling of cloak, and twisted crest-wreath of silk worked in the shield's colours of Clare. On this upon a grassy mound, stands the castle appearing in the Borough Seal. In front stands a black anchor. The crest thus symbolises the town of Pembroke by the Castle and Pembroke Dock by the anchor. The Supporters are two lions, one being the red lion from the arms of Sir William Marshal, who succeeded to the Earldom on the death of Strongbox. He was Regent of England until his death in 1219, and his five sons were successive Earls after him. The white lion is one of the supporters and a charge in the arms of the Herbert’s, Earls of Pembroke since 1468. Each lion wears about his neck, a gold naval crown for the Pembroke Dock district, with particular reference to the former Royal Naval Dockyard. The lions are further charged with a gold portcullis and a Tudor rose both badges of Henry VII, who was born in the Castle in 1457. Thus the whole achievement of arms commemorates the Ear1s of Pembroke - Clares, Marshals, Valences, Tudors and Herberts - the Castle, the Dock and the birth of Henry Tudor. The motto ‘Ung nous servons’ in Norman French - ‘We serve as one’ - a variation of the Herbert Earl of Pembroke's ‘Ung je serviray’, and referring to the union of Pembroke and Pembroke Dock.

Appendix ‘B’

TRANSLATION OF THE CHARTER OF RICHARD II TO PEMBROKE

Translated by Basil H.J. Hughes

Richard, by the grace of God, King of England and France, and Lord of Ireland too, all to whom these present letters shall come, greeting. We have inspected the letters, patent and exemplification, under the seal of the late Father Adam, Bishop of Menevia, lately made in these words:

Adam, by divine permission, Bishop of Menevia, to all to whom the present letters shall come, greeting and the permanent memory of these exploits. We deem it worthy and an acceptable work to God, and we trust to do a profitable service, if through us the noble exploits of Kings, and things particularly useful to the condition of our Diocese, which have long been buried in oblivion, be discovered and brought to light by the aid of our pen. We have discovered in our Treasury, and among the archives of our Church of Menevia, among other old records in an ancient book, the perfect tenours of charters of the old text, free from all faults and suspicions, granted by Henry of renowned memory, late King of England, Duke of Aquitain and Count of Anjou, to the town and burgesses of Pembroke and Haverford. The tenour of this Charter is a grant to the town and Burgesses of Pembroke, with a rubic of that kind written in red ink, “The Charter of Pembroke, word for word, with nothing added or taken away, is known to be on this wise”.

Henry, by the grace of God, King of England, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine and Count of Anjou, to the Archbishops, Bishops, Abbots, Earls and Justices, Barons and Sheriffs, and to all his faithful people of all England, Wales, Ireland, Normandy, Brittany, Anjou, Poitou, Gascony, and to all his men, whether dwelling on this side or beyond the sea, greeting. Know ye that I have given and granted, and by this my present Charter, have confirmed to my burgesses of Pembroke all their liberties, immunities and free customs as freely and fully as they had them in the time of King Henry, my grandfather.

Wherefore, I will and firmly enjoin that all persons who shall enter the port of Milford with merchandise, whether they wish to buy or sell on the land, shall come to the bridge of Pembroke and sell and buy there. Or, if they wish otherwise, let them do business at the Cross, discharging their lawful customs; and that all merchandise which is bought in the County of Pembroke to be carried into England, ought to be shipped at the bridge at Pembroke, paying their customs; and that all persons who come to my market at Pembroke, shall have the security of my peace from the ford of Landfey and from Stentbrigge, and from the Great Ditch at Pencoyt and from the Passage from the hour of nine on the Sabbath to sunset on Monday, if they do not break my peace.

I also command that if any of my burgesses of the said town, for one year and a day shall hold house or lands which belong to the said town, without reproach, and anyone shall afterwards claim right, let him not have it if he shall have in the meantime remained in my kingdom. If any man of whatsoever place remain in the same town for a year and a day, without reproach, whether he be a freeman or a serf, he shall ever after remain my freeman and a burgess of the same town.

And, when a burgess of the said town, by whatsoever death and in whatsoever place, dies on land or sea with a will or without a will, his heir shall have all his goods by payment of a relief of twelve pence.

I also grant that the burgesses of the said town shall have grazing rights in my forest of Nerbart and Coytrath, and timber rights in the same town by permission of the forester, and they may take decayed wood to burn wheresoever they shall find it; and if they shall have swine in my forests, they shall be acquitted of pannage.

I also will and command that those things which the aforesaid burgesses shall perform in the said town, if the debtors are willing to render in the same town, they may take their pledge (Cattle). But, if it shall happen that my said burgesses ought to go into our army, the safe keeping of my town being in the hands of their warden, let them go with my bailiff so that they may return at night. But if the army be raised by their warden, so that the merchants may serve me at my camp, the custody of the town being safe, they shall go.

Whatsoever merchandise any of my aforesaid burgesses shall buy, if anyone shall claim the same as stolen, he shall acquit himself by oath and by his witnesses, and he shall lose the same chattel and what he gave for it.

Also, my aforesaid burgesses shall answer no plaint out of their hundred unless it be that which pertains to the royal crown. Their forfeiture in the hundred and shire court is twelve pence. All the merchants of the County of Pembroke, by the appointment of the warden of the burgesses, shall come to their merchant guild.

I also will and grant, and firmly enjoin that the same burgesses shall have the aforesaid liberties and their customs well, quietly and freely, with the addition of their other liberties and customs which they still remember.

Know yea, furthermore, that I have given and granted, and by this, my present charter, confirm to the same my burgesses acquittance from toll, pontage and havenage, and from all customs whatsoever at Bristol, Gloucester, Winchester, Devon, Cornwall, Rochelle, Normandy and throughout all my lands in commotes, in burgages, in castles, in towns, in fairs and markets, in uplands, in woods, in plain, in roads, in lands, in waters and in all other places. I also forbid anyone to do injury to them in the matters which I have granted to them, and by this my present charter, have confirmed; nor shall anyone draw them into pleas concerning the liberty and acquittance granted to them under forfeiture of fifty pounds sterling.

Furthermore, be it Known to you that I have given and granted to the same, my burgesses of Pembroke, a fair of eight days at the feast of the Apostles, Peter and Paul, and to all coming to the same, my firm peace, those being excepted who have forfeited my peace, and they shall have the same liberties and customs at the fair as they have at my market in the same town on Sunday. And if any heir is such, (ie. in respect of his youth), that he cannot hold and defend his land, if the burgess who has died left a will, let his heir and the inheritance remain the custody to which he, on his death bed, committed him. But, if he shall not have left a will, then the heir and inheritance, by the advise and consent of the nearest relatives, being my burgesses, shall remain in the custody of any one of his friends. In witness of the foregoing, we have ordered our seal to be hereto attached.

Given in our manor of Landfey, the seventh day of the month of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand three hundred and sixty eight, and in the eighth year of our consecration.

We, (ie. Richard II), therefore having perused the tenour of the exemplification of the said letters of the aforesaid Bishop, at the request made to us by the Burgesses of Pembroke, the tenour of these presents we have made to be exemplified. In witness wherefore we have caused these, our letters, to be made patent. Witness us at Westminster on the sixth day of the month of February in the first year of our reign.

Reproduced by the kind permission of Basil H.J. Hughes

END OF PART FOUR

I would like to thank the Pembrokeshire Record Office, and Sir David and Lady Meyrick for their kind permission to use the Bush Estate maps of 1772 and 1848, Mr Basil H.J. Hughes for permission to reproduce his translation of the Town Charter and Mr Michael McGarvie, FSA, for permission to use the description of the fire at Bush House.

SOURCES

‘Pembroke People’ – Richard Rose. ‘A Historical Sketch of Pembroke Dock’ – George Mason c1905. Various Trade Directories from 1830 to 1926. ‘The Meyricks of Bush’ – Michael McGarvie FSA. Pembrokeshire Record Office – Bush Estate Records and various Trade Directories. ‘The Pembroke and Tenby Railway’ – J.P. Morris ‘The Pembroke and Tenby Railway’ – M.R.C. Price ‘Jottings and Historical Records on the History of South Pembrokeshire, Volume 2’ by B.H.J. Hughes. ‘Pembrokeshire County History, Volumes II and III.’ ‘Historic Pembrokeshire Homes and their Families’ by Hugh Charles Jones

PHOTOGRAPHS

Many of the photographs are from my old friend Mr George Palmer and without these the CD would have been a much poorer thing. The copyright of these remains with him. I am also grateful to Mr Richard Rose and Cardiff Central Library for permission to use the watercolours and sketches of Charles Norris. Over the years I have copied many of the postcards of kind local collectors on to 35mm slides. I have forgotten which slide came from which collector and therefore I have been unable to label the photograph with collector’s name. Never the less I would like to thank all of them for their kindness. So, thank you Phil Carradice, Roger Davies and all the others.