The Future of Surface Transportation
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THE FUTURE OF SURFACE TRANSPORTATION HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED THIRTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JUNE 18, 2014 Serial No. 113–80 Printed for the use of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://science.house.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 89–409PDF WASHINGTON : 2014 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY HON. LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas, Chair DANA ROHRABACHER, California EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas RALPH M. HALL, Texas ZOE LOFGREN, California F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois Wisconsin DONNA F. EDWARDS, Maryland FRANK D. LUCAS, Oklahoma FREDERICA S. WILSON, Florida RANDY NEUGEBAUER, Texas SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas ERIC SWALWELL, California PAUL C. BROUN, Georgia DAN MAFFEI, New York STEVEN M. PALAZZO, Mississippi ALAN GRAYSON, Florida MO BROOKS, Alabama JOSEPH KENNEDY III, Massachusetts RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois SCOTT PETERS, California LARRY BUCSHON, Indiana DEREK KILMER, Washington STEVE STOCKMAN, Texas AMI BERA, California BILL POSEY, Florida ELIZABETH ESTY, Connecticut CYNTHIA LUMMIS, Wyoming MARC VEASEY, Texas DAVID SCHWEIKERT, Arizona JULIA BROWNLEY, California THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky ROBIN KELLY, Illinois KEVIN CRAMER, North Dakota KATHERINE CLARK, Massachusetts JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma RANDY WEBER, Texas CHRIS COLLINS, New York BILL JOHNSON, Ohio SUBCOMMITTEE ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY HON. LARRY BUCSHON, Indiana, Chair STEVEN M. PALAZZO, Mississippi DANIEL LIPINSKI, Illinois MO BROOKS, Alabama FEDERICA WILSON, Florida RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois ZOE LOFGREN, California STEVE STOCKMAN, Texas SCOTT PETERS, California CYNTHIA LUMMIS, Wyoming AMI BERA, California DAVID SCHWEIKERT, Arizona DEREK KILMER, Washington THOMAS MASSIE, Kentucky ELIZABETH ESTY, Connecticut JIM BRIDENSTINE, Oklahoma ROBIN KELLY, Illinois CHRIS COLLINS, New York EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON, Texas BILL JOHNSON, Ohio LAMAR S. SMITH, Texas (II) C O N T E N T S June 18, 2014 Page Witness List ............................................................................................................. 2 Hearing Charter ...................................................................................................... 3 Opening Statements Statement by Representative Larry Bucshon, Chairman, Subcommittee on Research and Technology, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives ............................................................................ 8 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 9 Statement by Representative Daniel Lipinski, Ranking Minority Member, Subcommittee on Research and Technology, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives ............................................... 9 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 11 Statement by Representative Lamar S. Smith, Chairman, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives ..................... 12 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 13 Statement by Representative Eddie Bernice Johnson, Ranking Member, Com- mittee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives .... Written Statement ............................................................................................ 13 Witnesses: The Honorable Gregory D. Winfree, Assistant Secretary, United States De- partment of Transportation Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 15 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 18 Mr. Scott Belcher, President and CEO, Intelligent Transportation Society of America Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 30 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 32 Mr. John Maddox, Director of Collaborative Program Strategy, Texas A&M Transportation Institute and University of Michigan Transportation Insti- tute Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 39 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 42 Ms. Kristen Tabar, Vice President, Technical Administration Planning Office, Toyota Technical Center Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 56 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 58 Dr. Christopher P.L. Barkan, Professor and George Krambles Faculty Fellow, Executive Director, Rail Transportation and Engineering Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 69 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 71 Mr. Troy Woodruff, Chief of Staff, Indiana Department of Transportation Oral Statement ................................................................................................. 82 Written Statement ............................................................................................ 85 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 100 (III) IV Page Appendix I: Answers to Post-Hearing Questions The Honorable Gregory D. Winfree, Assistant Secretary, United States De- partment of Transportation ................................................................................. 118 Mr. Scott Belcher, President and CEO, Intelligent Transportation Society of America ............................................................................................................. 131 Mr. John Maddox, Director of Collaborative Program Strategy, Texas A&M Transportation Institute and University of Michigan Transportation Insti- tute ........................................................................................................................ 155 Ms. Kristen Tabar, Vice President, Technical Administration Planning Office, Toyota Technical Center ...................................................................................... 161 Dr. Christopher P.L. Barkan, Professor and George Krambles Faculty Fellow, Executive Director, Rail Transportation and Engineering Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ........................................................................ 185 THE FUTURE OF SURFACE TRANSPORTATION WEDNESDAY, JUNE 18, 2014 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE, AND TECHNOLOGY, Washington, D.C. The Subcommittee met, pursuant to call, at 10:05 a.m., in Room 2318 of the Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Larry Bucshon [Chairman of the Subcommittee] presiding. (1) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Chairman BUCSHON. The Subcommittee on Research and Tech- nology will come to order. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to today’s hearing titled, ‘‘The Future of Surface Transportation.’’ In front of you are packets con- taining the written testimony, biographies, and truth-in-testimony disclosures for today’s witnesses. I now recognize myself for five minutes for an opening statement. The research and development activities at the Department of Transportation are vital to our nation’s prosperity. These efforts support the critical infrastructure and enhance both our economic competitiveness and way of life. The pathway forward for these programs continues to present significant challenges for Congress. We need to ask difficult questions to determine how best to address the issues facing our aging infrastructure within the limitations of our current budget environment. In addition to my role as Chairman of the Subcommittee, I also serve on the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture. In that Committee, we have had several hearings on new car technology, for example, and what the role Congress and DOT have in research and testing this technology. In 2014, the DOT annually supported more than $1 billion in re- search, development, and technology deployment activities focused on surface modes of transportation. These programs were last au- thorized in 2012 in the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Cen- tury, or MAP–21, on which I served as a conferee. These programs are primarily supported through the Highway Trust Fund and Mass Transit Fund. Trust Fund revenue, at its current spend rate, will be insufficient to carry out authorized programs. The Trans- portation and Infrastructure Committee is currently considering how to resolve this problem before Trust Fund depletion. Advancements in materials and technology, such as connected vehicles, autonomous cars, and positive train control, can help achieve long-term cost savings by reducing congestion, increasing economic output, reducing