DOCSLIB.ORG

Trichomoniasis — “Trich” for Short — Is an Infection That Is Most Common in Sexually Active Women Age 16 to 35

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Trichomoniasis — “Trich” for Short — Is an Infection That Is Most Common in Sexually Active Women Age 16 to 35 FACT SHEET FOR PATIENTS AND FAMILIES Trichomoniasis What is trichomoniasis? Trichomoniasis — “trich” for short — is an infection that is most common in sexually active women age 16 to 35. (Men can have trich, too, but usually have fewer symptoms and often don’t need treatment to clear up the infection.) If you have trich, you need medication to stop your symptoms and prevent spreading the infection to sex partners. This handout gives you basic information on trichomoniasis, how it’s treated, and what you can do to prevent it. What causes it? Trichomoniasis is caused by a parasite, a tiny organism called Trichomonas vaginalis. Trich is passed from one person to another through sexual contact. Trich is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections or diseases (STIs or STDs) among young, sexually active women. Recent studies suggest that more Most common in young women, than 2 million women in the U.S. currently have trichomoniasis is a curable infection. trichomoniasis. Why is it a concern? What are the symptoms? Trich is completely curable, but you shouldn’t ignore A woman with trichomoniasis may have one or it. Trich can cause annoying and painful symptoms more of these common symptoms, which may (see the list at right) and may make it easier to catch come and go: another STI such as HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. • Vaginal discharge. The discharge may be gray, If you’re pregnant, trich brings these additional risks: yellow, or green. It may be thin or foamy and may • Your baby may be born too soon smell bad. • Your baby may be small at birth (low birth weight) • Itching, redness, soreness. Your genitals or inner thighs may itch, look red (inflamed), or feel sore. • Your baby may catch the trich infection from you Some women describe it as a burning feeling. during delivery • Pain. You may feel pain when you urinate. Some Also, as long as you have trich, you can pass it to sex women also have pain during sex or an ache in partners. This is true even if you don’t have symptoms. their lower abdomen. An infection can last for months or even years. Keep in mind that some women have very mild symptoms, or no symptoms at all. Symptoms can show up 5 to 28 days after you are first infected. 1 How is it diagnosed? How can it be prevented? To diagnose trichomoniasis, your healthcare provider Abstinence — not having sex — is the only will ask questions about your symptoms and do a guaranteed way to prevent trichomoniasis and other pelvic exam. During the pelvic exam, your provider sexually transmitted infections. However, you can may see small red sores on your vagina or cervix lower your chance of getting and spreading trich and caused by trich infection. Your provider may swab the other STIs by doing the following: inside of your vagina to get a sample of the fluid there • Always use a condom (practice “protected sex”). and then look at the sample under a microscope or Used correctly and consistently, condoms help send it to a lab. Lab testing can confirm the diagnosis. prevent both pregnancy and STIs. How is trichomoniasis treated? • Limit your sex partners to one person who you know does not have trich or any other STI. Trich is usually treated with one of the following antibiotic medications: Remember that you can get trich more than once. If you notice symptoms after treatment, see your • Metronidazole (brand name: Flagyl) provider again to get your symptoms checked out. • Tinidazole (brand name: Tindamax) Both of these antibiotics come in a pill that you take by mouth — usually only one dose is needed. If you’re allergic to these medications, your provider may prescribe a different antibiotic that comes in a cream or gel. Since the cream and gel medications tend to not work as well as the pills, you may need to be tested and treated again. After taking an antibiotic, it takes about 10 days to clear the infection. During this time, you should not have unprotected sex with anyone because you can still spread the infection. Your partner may also need to be treated. Intermountain Healthcare complies with applicable federal civil rights laws and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, or sex. Se proveen servicios de interpretación gratis. Hable con un empleado para solicitarlo. 我們將根據您的需求提供免費的口譯服務。請找尋工作人員協助 © 2013– 2017 Intermountain Healthcare. All rights reserved. The content presented here is for your information only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, and it should not be used to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease. Please consult your healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns. More health information is available 2 at intermountainhealthcare.org. Patient and Provider Publications FS333 - 04/17 (Last reviewed - 04/17) Also available in Spanish..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Trichomonas Vaginalis
    Trichomonas Vaginalis Trichomonas Vaginalis - the basics It is a curable sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a protozoon called Trichomonas vaginalis, or ‘TV’. Protozoa are tiny germs similar to bacteria. TV can infect the vagina, urethra (water passage), and underneath the foreskin. Women may notice a change in vaginal discharge, and may have vulval itching or pain on passing urine. Men may notice a discharge from the tip of the penis, pain on passing urine or soreness of the foreskin. Testing is available at any specialised sexual health or Genitourinary Medicine (GUM) clinic and in some GP surgeries and contraceptive services. If you have TV we recommend that you have tests for other STIs including chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and HIV. How common is TV? In 2011 just over 6,000 cases were diagnosed in England. In contrast, more than 186,000 cases of chlamydia were reported in the same year. Over 90% of TV cases are diagnosed in women. How do you catch TV? TV is passed on- through unprotected vaginal sex, insertion of fingers into the vagina or sharing sex toys with someone who has TV from an infected mother to her baby during normal childbirth (vaginal delivery) TV cannot be caught from hugging, sharing baths or towels, swimming pools or toilet seats What would I notice if I had TV? Women may not notice anything wrong but they can still pass on TV to their sexual partner. Some women may notice one or more of the following: increased vaginal discharge an unpleasant vaginal smell ‘cystitis’ or burning pain when passing urine vulval itching or soreness pain in the vagina during sex Most men will not feel anything wrong but they can still pass TV on to their sexual partner.
    [Show full text]
  • Trichomoniasis Information Handout for Patients
    Ottawa County Department of Public Health Family Planning Program Trichomoniasis Information Handout for Patients Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Causes: Trichomoniasis is found worldwide. In the United States, the highest number of cases are seen in women between age 16 and 35. Trichomonas vaginalis is spread through sexual contact with an infected partner. This includes penis-to-vagina intercourse or vulva-to-vulva contact. The parasite cannot survive in the mouth or rectum. The disease can affect both men and women, but the symptoms differ between the two groups. The infection usually does not cause symptoms in men and goes away on its own in a few weeks. Symptoms in Women: •Discomfort with intercourse •Itching of the inner thighs •Vaginal discharge (thin, greenish-yellow, frothy or foamy) •Vaginal itching •Vulvar itching or swelling of the labia •Vaginal odor (foul or strong smell) Symptoms in Men: •Burning after urination or ejaculation •Itching of urethra •Slight discharge from urethra Occasionally, some men with trichomoniasis may develop prostatitis or epididymitis from the infection. Exams and Tests: In women, a pelvic examination shows red blotches on the vaginal wall or cervix. A wet prep (microscopic examination of discharge) may show signs of inflammation or infection-causing organisms in vaginal fluids. A pap smear may also diagnose the condition. The disease can be hard to diagnose in men. Men are treated if the infection is diagnosed in any of their sexual partners. Men may also be treated if they have ongoing symptoms of urethral burning or itching despite treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia.
    [Show full text]
  • Trichomoniasis Trichomoniasis Is the Most Common Curable Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) in the United States
    Neglected Parasitic Infections in the United States Trichomoniasis Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States. Trichomoniasis is caused by infection with a parasite (Trichomonas vagi- nalis). Women and men who have trichomoniasis are at higher risk for getting or spreading other STDs, including HIV. About 3.7 million people in the United States are infected with this parasite, and most do not have any signs or symptoms. Trichomoniasis is treated with prescription antimicrobial medication (one dose of metronidazole or tinidazole) but it is possible to become infected again. Trichomoniasis is considered a Neglected Parasitic Infection, one of a group of diseases that can result in serious illness among those who are infected, yet the burden and impact remain poorly understood. How People get Trichomoniasis: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD); the parasite is passed from an infected person to an uninfected person during sex. Women and men with trichomoniasis may notice redness, soreness, or itching of the genitals, burning with urination, or discharge. Without treatment, infection can last for months or even years. Some people develop symptoms within 5 to 28 days after being infected, but others do not develop symp- toms until much later or not at all. About 70% of infected people never have any signs or symptoms. Even without any Trichomonas symptoms, infected people can pass the infection to others. Risk Factors for Acquiring Trichomoniasis: • Both men and women can get infected. • People with more sexual partners are more likely to become infected. • Older women may be more likely than younger women to be infected.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections
    Disease Awareness April, 2014 • Members Sexually Transmitted Infections Many infections are spread during sex. In this newsletter, we will talk about the 4 most common ones. Human papillomavirus (HPV) Protect yourself What it causes • Learn about sexually transmitted infections Most of the time HPV goes away on its own and doesn’t cause any problems. But many low-risk types of HPV can cause genital warts. High-risk types can • Practice safe sex cause cervical cancer. • Get tested Symptoms Genital warts are a sign of infection with a low-risk type of HPV. The warts can • Get vaccinated to protect against sometimes itch, burn, or feel tender. They can cause bleeding after sex or an HPV and hepatitis B abnormal fluid coming from the vagina. Not all people will have symptoms. There are no symptoms of the high-risk type of HPV. But signs of an infection can be seen on a Pap smear. Testing Testing is not needed to diagnose the low-risk type. But doctors might test these people for infection with a high-risk type. This is because people with genital warts are sometimes infected with both low-risk and high-risk types of HPV. Since there are no symptoms of the high-risk type, it’s very important for women to be screened. Doctors use the Pap test for this and an HPV DNA test that can detect high-risk types. Talk with your doctor about testing if you are 21 years old or older. Treatment HPV that causes genital warts cannot be cured. Medication can be used to help the warts go away.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Options
    Sexually transmitted disease (STD) treatment options PREFERRED & ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS Many clinical partners are operating in a limited capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Below are preferred (in clinic or other location where injections can be given) and alternative (when only oral medicines are available 1) treatments for STDs. Syndrome Preferred Treatments Alternative Treatments Follow-up Male urethritis syndrome Ceftriaxone 250mg intramuscular (IM) x 1 PLUS Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women2: Patients should be counseled to azithromycin 1g PO x 1 Cefixime 800 mg PO x 1 PLUS doxycycline 100 mg PO BID x 7 days be tested for STDs once clinical Presumptively treating: care is resumed in the local If azithromycin is not available: doxycycline 100 Men who have sex with women only: gonorrhea clinics. Clients who have been mg PO BID for 7 days (except in pregnancy3) Cefixime 800mg PO x 1 PLUS azithromycin 1g PO x 1 referred for oral treatment If cephalosporin allergy5 is reported, gentamicin If cefixime is unavailable, substitute cefpodoxime 400mg PO q12h should return for 240mg IM x 1 PLUS azithromycin 2g PO x 1 x 2 for cefixime in above regimens4 comprehensive testing and screening and linked to services If oral cephalosporin not available or history of cephalosporin at that time. allergy5: azithromycin 2g PO x 1 If azithromycin is not available: doxycycline 100 mg PO BID for 7 days (except in pregnancy3) Patients should be advised to abstain from sex for 7 days Treatment typically guided by examination and For presumptive therapy when examination and laboratory following completion of Vaginal discharge syndrome treatment.
    [Show full text]
  • 8/12/19 1 •Chlamydia •Gonorrhea •Trichomoniasis *Syphilis •Herpes
    8/12/19 Disclosures • Lupin: Advisory committee for Solosec • Merck: Nexplanon trainer • Pfizer pharmaceutical: Advisory Committee for Menopause Questionnaire/teaching tool • TherapeuticsMD: Advisory Committee for vaginal hormone insert Shelagh Larson DNP, APRN, WHNP, NCMP Distinguish the differential diagnosis of STI. Objectives • 1. The attendees will recognize the non-genital presentations of sexually transmitted infection in women and men. •Chlamydia •Herpes • 2. The attendees will understand the prescription therapy for STIs in alternative sites. •Gonorrhea •HPV • 3. The attendees will know the differential diagnosis of STI and other tradition infections. •Trichomoniasis •HIV *Syphilis STI Presentations Discharge Syndrome Genital Ulcer Syndromes Dermatologic Syndromes • Chlamydia • Herpes Simplex HPV Virus • Gonorrhea Secondary Syphilis • Primary Syphilis Disseminated Gonococcal • Trichomoniasis • Chancroid Infection • Bacterial vaginosis Pediculosis Pubis • Candidiasis 1 8/12/19 Facts • most frequently reported bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the US • The silent disease 75% of infected females and 50% males do not realize they have it • Transmitted: vaginally, anal, oral • Once an infected person has completed antibiotic treatment, they should be re-tested after approximately three months to make sure the condition is cured. • Almost 2/3 of new chlamydia infections occur among youth aged 15-24 years. most frequently reported bacterial STI in the United States • known as a ‘silent’ infection because most infected people
    [Show full text]
  • Trichomoniasis (Trich)
    health information Trichomoniasis (Trich) Trich is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. How do I get trich? Trich is passed between people through unprotected sex (sexual contact without a condom). How can I prevent trich? When you’re sexually active, the best way to prevent trich and other STIs is to use condoms for oral, vaginal, and anal sex. Don’t have any sexual contact if you or your partner(s) have symptoms of an STI, or may have been exposed to an STI. See a doctor or go to an STI Clinic for testing. Get STI testing every 3 to 6 months and when you have symptoms. How do I know if I have trich? The infection is most common in females in the vagina and in males in the tube that carries urine and semen (urethra). Many women with trich have no symptoms, but trich can cause: • vaginal discharge that smells musty • itching in and around the vagina • pain or burning when you pee • pain during intercourse Most males with trich have no symptoms, but they can still spread it. The best way to find out if you have trich is to get tested. Your nurse or doctor can test you by taking a swab. Is trich harmful? If not treated, trich may cause: • infertility or low sperm count in males • increased risk of pelvic infections in females • increased risk of getting other STIs and HIV 608183 © Alberta Health Services, (2014/04) What if I’m pregnant? If not treated, trich may cause premature rupture of the membranes, early delivery, and low birth weight.
    [Show full text]
  • Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Trichomoniasis and Syphilis
    Research Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis: global prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016 Jane Rowley,a Stephen Vander Hoorn,b Eline Korenromp,c Nicola Low,d Magnus Unemo,e Laith J Abu- Raddad,f R Matthew Chico,g Alex Smolak,f Lori Newman,h Sami Gottlieb,a Soe Soe Thwin,a Nathalie Brouteta & Melanie M Taylora Objective To generate estimates of the global prevalence and incidence of urogenital infection with chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis in women and men, aged 15–49 years, in 2016. Methods For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis, we systematically searched for studies conducted between 2009 and 2016 reporting prevalence. We also consulted regional experts. To generate estimates, we used Bayesian meta-analysis. For syphilis, we aggregated the national estimates generated by using Spectrum-STI. Findings For chlamydia, gonorrhoea and/or trichomoniasis, 130 studies were eligible. For syphilis, the Spectrum-STI database contained 978 data points for the same period. The 2016 global prevalence estimates in women were: chlamydia 3.8% (95% uncertainty interval, UI: 3.3–4.5); gonorrhoea 0.9% (95% UI: 0.7–1.1); trichomoniasis 5.3% (95% UI:4.0–7.2); and syphilis 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4–0.6). In men prevalence estimates were: chlamydia 2.7% (95% UI: 1.9–3.7); gonorrhoea 0.7% (95% UI: 0.5–1.1); trichomoniasis 0.6% (95% UI: 0.4–0.9); and syphilis 0.5% (95% UI: 0.4–0.6). Total estimated incident cases were 376.4 million: 127.2 million (95% UI: 95.1–165.9 million) chlamydia cases; 86.9 million (95% UI: 58.6–123.4 million) gonorrhoea cases; 156.0 million (95% UI: 103.4–231.2 million) trichomoniasis cases; and 6.3 million (95% UI: 5.5–7.1 million) syphilis cases.
    [Show full text]
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2015
    Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Recommendations and Reports / Vol. 64 / No. 3 June 5, 2015 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2015 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Recommendations and Reports CONTENTS CONTENTS (Continued) Introduction ............................................................................................................1 Gonococcal Infections ...................................................................................... 60 Methods ....................................................................................................................1 Diseases Characterized by Vaginal Discharge .......................................... 69 Clinical Prevention Guidance ............................................................................2 Bacterial Vaginosis .......................................................................................... 69 Special Populations ..............................................................................................9 Trichomoniasis ................................................................................................. 72 Emerging Issues .................................................................................................. 17 Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ............................................................................. 75 Hepatitis C ......................................................................................................... 17 Pelvic Inflammatory
    [Show full text]
  • Real-Time PCR Detection of Vaginal Microbiota and Sexually Transmitted Pathogens
    Real-time PCR detection of vaginal microbiota and sexually transmitted pathogens A flexible, scalable, and low-cost solution for your laboratory We’ve combined the sensitivity and specificity of Applied Biosystems™ TaqMan ® Assays with the flexibility and scalability of the Applied Biosystems™ QuantStudio™ 12K Flex Real-Time PCR System, to offer you a new, low-cost solution for vaginal and urogenital microbiota investigations. Features include: • The ability to detect the broadest range of both commensal and pathogenic microbes compared to other currently available molecular tests • Qualified content, including positive controls, user guide, and analytical testing • Higher specificity, accuracy, and precision compared to traditional culture and microscopy methods • Flexible formats—choose from four assay formats, including single-tube assays, preloaded 96- or 384-well plates, and nanofluidic OpenArray™ plates • Lowest cost per sample compared to other commercially available solutions See other side for a list of TaqMan Assay targets included in this solution. The right testing solutions for your needs Offering the widest coverage of commensal and Download a complete list of Applied Biosystems™ TaqMan ® pathogenic microbes compared with other currently Vaginal Microbiota Assays at thermofisher.com/vm, or available molecular tests, our range of TaqMan Assays contact your sales representative. gives you the flexibility and freedom to configure a low- cost, high-throughput testing solution that’s right for you. Organism type Organism name
    [Show full text]
  • Detection of Kaposi's Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus in Oral
    1785 CONCISE COMMUNICATION Detection of Kaposi's Sarcoma±Associated Herpesvirus in Oral and Genital Secretions of Zimbabwean Women Thomas M. Lampinen,1,3 Shalini Kulasingam,1 1Departments of Epidemiology and 2Pathobiology and 3Center for AIDS Juno Min,4 Margaret Borok,6 Lovemore Gwanzura,7 and STD, University of Washington, Seattle; 4Department of Medicine 5 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/181/5/1785/2191825 by guest on 29 September 2021 4 8 9 and Center for AIDS Research, Stanford University, Stanford, Julie Lamb, Kassam Mahomed, Godfrey B. Woelk, 6 7 2 2 California; Departments of Medicine, Medical Laboratory Sciences, Kurt B. Strand, Marnix L. Bosch, 8Obstetrics and Gynecology, and 9Community Medicine, 10 10,11 Daniel C. Edelman, Niel T. Constantine, University of Zimbabwe, Harare; 10Department of Pathology, David Katzenstein,4,5 and Michelle A. Williams1 University of Maryland and 11Institute of Human Virology, Baltimore, Maryland Kaposi's sarcoma±associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in oral and genital secretions of women may be involved in horizontal and vertical transmission in endemic regions. Nested polymerase chain reaction assays were used to detect KSHV DNA sequences in one-third of oral, vaginal, and cervical specimens and in 42% of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) specimens collected from 41 women infected with human immunode®ciency virus type 1 who had Ka- posi's sarcoma (KS). KSHV DNA was not detected in specimens from 100 women without KS, 9 of whom were seropositive for KSHV. A positive association was observed between KSHV DNA detection in oral and genital mucosa, neither of which was associated with KSHV DNA detection in PBMC.
    [Show full text]
  • New Medications for BV, Trich, Candida/Yeast, and Herpes
    New Medications for BV, Trich, Candida/Yeast, and Herpes New Medications are now available from ITEAMS to treat Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), Trichomoniasis (Trich), Candida/Yeast, Scabies, and Herpes. You can order these medications if you have the ability to test for these infections. Locations who offer only “express visits” (i.e., a blood specimen is collected for HIV and Syphilis and a urine specimen is collected for Gonorrhea and Chlamydia) will not be able to order the new medications. 340B requires providers to have an established relationship with the patient in order to provide medications purchased with 318 funds. A new form must be completed to have these medications added to the list of STD medications you can order through ITEAMS. These medications will be ordered through a new “program” under STD in ITEAMS called “STDT2”. Valacyclovir will be available as: #20 (for Initial HSV Outbreak): 1g po BID x 10 days #5 (for Recurrent HSV Outbreaks: 1g po qd x 5 days Metronidazole will be available as: #4 (for Trichomoniasis): 2 g orally in a single dose #14 (for Bacterial Vaginosis): 500mg BID x 7 days Fluconazole (Brand name Diflucan) #1 (for vulvovaginal yeast infection): 150 mg orally in a single dose 340B requires providers to have an established relationship with the patient in order to provide medications purchased with 318 funds. If you have patients who cannot afford their prescription for the above medications and you are an “express only” clinic, there is an option that is available but it requires some additional steps: 1-Obtain the patient’s consent on agency Release of Information, 2-Request the medical record of the patient as it relates to his/her diagnosis of Herpes, Bacterial Vaginosis, Trichomoniasis, or Candida/Yeast and the medication prescribed.
    [Show full text]