First Record of Swimming Speed of the Pacific Sleeper Shark Somniosus
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Feeding Behavior of Subadult Sixgill Sharks (Hexanchus Griseus) at a Bait Station
RESEARCH ARTICLE Feeding Behavior of Subadult Sixgill Sharks (Hexanchus griseus) at a Bait Station Bryan McNeil1*, Dayv Lowry2, Shawn Larson1, Denise Griffing1 1 Seattle Aquarium, Seattle, WA, United States of America, 2 Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, WA, United States of America * [email protected] a11111 Abstract This is the first in-situ study of feeding behaviors exhibited by bluntnose sixgill sharks. Bait was placed beneath the Seattle Aquarium pier situated on the waterfront in Elliott Bay, Puget Sound, Washington at 20m of water depth. Cameras and lights were placed around the bait box to record sixgill shark presence and behavior while feeding. Analysis of feeding OPEN ACCESS behavior revealed that sixgills utilize a bite comparable to many other elasmobranchs and Citation: McNeil B, Lowry D, Larson S, Griffing D aquatic vertebrates, have the ability to protrude their upper jaw, change their feeding behav- (2016) Feeding Behavior of Subadult Sixgill Sharks ior based on the situation, and employ sawing and lateral tearing during manipulation. The (Hexanchus griseus) at a Bait Station. PLoS ONE 11 versatility of their feeding mechanism and the ability of sixgills to change their capture and (5): e0156730. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0156730 food manipulation behaviors may have contributed to the species’ worldwide distribution Editor: Jeffrey Buckel, North Carolina State and evolutionary success. University, UNITED STATES Received: September 4, 2015 Accepted: May 18, 2016 Published: May 31, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 McNeil et al. This is an open Introduction access article distributed under the terms of the Sharks are found in every ocean of the world and are typically at the top of the food web of Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits those systems. -
On the Capture of a Pregnant Bluntnose Sixgill Shark Hexanchus Griseus (Chondrichthyes: Hexanchidae) from the Gulf of Tunis (Central Mediterranean Sea)
J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment Vol. 23, No. 2: 177-182 (2017) SHORT COMMUNICATION On the capture of a pregnant bluntnose sixgill shark Hexanchus griseus (Chondrichthyes: Hexanchidae) from the Gulf of Tunis (Central Mediterranean Sea) Khadija Ounifi-Ben Amor1*, Mohamed Mourad Ben Amor1, Jeanne Zaouali2, Christian Capapé3 1Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer, port de pêche, 2025 La Goulette, TUNISIA 2Département des Ressources Animales, Halieutiques et des Technologies Agroalimentaires, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 avenue Charles Nicolle, cité Mahrajène, 1082 Tunis, TUNISIA 3Laboratoire d'Ichtyologie, case 104, Université Montpellier II, Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 34 095 Montpellier cedex 5, FRANCE *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract This study presents the capture of a large female Hexanchus griseus in the Gulf of Tunis, northern Tunisia. The total length (TL) of the specimen was 3.5 m and the wet-weight was 220 kg. It was carrying fertilized eggs in both uteri and was at the beginning of the gestation. The distribution of the species off the Tunisian coast and in the Mediterranean Sea is evaluated and discussed. Keywords: Gestation, eggs, total length, distribution, Tunisian waters, Mediterranean Sea Received: 21.02.2017, Accepted: 15.06.2017 Bluntnose sixgill shark Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre 1788) is a large shark species known to be widely distributed in boreal, temperate, warm temperate and tropical waters in the Pacific, Indian and both sides of the Atlantic Ocean (Cook and Compagno 2005). H. griseus is caught rather as bycatch in other targeted fisheries for food or recreational activities, thus it appears that some local populations have been severely depleted (Cook and Compagno 2005). -
Sharks in Crisis: a Call to Action for the Mediterranean
REPORT 2019 SHARKS IN CRISIS: A CALL TO ACTION FOR THE MEDITERRANEAN WWF Sharks in the Mediterranean 2019 | 1 fp SECTION 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Written and edited by WWF Mediterranean Marine Initiative / Evan Jeffries (www.swim2birds.co.uk), based on data contained in: Bartolí, A., Polti, S., Niedermüller, S.K. & García, R. 2018. Sharks in the Mediterranean: A review of the literature on the current state of scientific knowledge, conservation measures and management policies and instruments. Design by Catherine Perry (www.swim2birds.co.uk) Front cover photo: Blue shark (Prionace glauca) © Joost van Uffelen / WWF References and sources are available online at www.wwfmmi.org Published in July 2019 by WWF – World Wide Fund For Nature Any reproduction in full or in part must mention the title and credit the WWF Mediterranean Marine Initiative as the copyright owner. © Text 2019 WWF. All rights reserved. Our thanks go to the following people for their invaluable comments and contributions to this report: Fabrizio Serena, Monica Barone, Adi Barash (M.E.C.O.), Ioannis Giovos (iSea), Pamela Mason (SharkLab Malta), Ali Hood (Sharktrust), Matthieu Lapinksi (AILERONS association), Sandrine Polti, Alex Bartoli, Raul Garcia, Alessandro Buzzi, Giulia Prato, Jose Luis Garcia Varas, Ayse Oruc, Danijel Kanski, Antigoni Foutsi, Théa Jacob, Sofiane Mahjoub, Sarah Fagnani, Heike Zidowitz, Philipp Kanstinger, Andy Cornish and Marco Costantini. Special acknowledgements go to WWF-Spain for funding this report. KEY CONTACTS Giuseppe Di Carlo Director WWF Mediterranean Marine Initiative Email: [email protected] Simone Niedermueller Mediterranean Shark expert Email: [email protected] Stefania Campogianni Communications manager WWF Mediterranean Marine Initiative Email: [email protected] WWF is one of the world’s largest and most respected independent conservation organizations, with more than 5 million supporters and a global network active in over 100 countries. -
Greenland Shark (Somniosus Microcephalus)
Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) feeding behavior on static fishing gear, effect of SMART (Selective Magnetic and Repellent-Treated) hook deterrent technology, and factors influencing entanglement in bottom longlines Scott M. Grant1, Rennie Sullivan1 and Kevin J. Hedges2 1 Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Resources, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada 2 Central and Arctic Region, Arctic Aquatic Research Division, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada ABSTRACT The Greenland Shark (Somniosus microcephalus) is the most common bycatch in the Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) bottom longline fishery in Cumberland Sound, Canada. Historically, this inshore fishery has been prosecuted through the ice during winter but winter storms and unpredictable landfast ice conditions since the mid-1990s have led to interest in developing a summer fishery during the ice-free season. However, bycatch of Greenland shark was found to increase substantially with 570 sharks captured during an experimental Greenland halibut summer fishery (i.e., mean of 6.3 sharks per 1,000 hooks set) and mortality was reported to be about 50% due in part to fishers killing sharks that were severely entangled in longline gear. This study investigated whether the SMART (Selective Magnetic and Repellent-Treated) hook technology is a practical deterrent to Greenland shark predation and subsequent bycatch on bottom longlines. Greenland Submitted 1 December 2017 shark feeding behavior, feeding kinematics, and variables affecting entanglement/ 22 April 2018 Accepted disentanglement and release are also described. The SMART hook failed to deter Published 17 May 2018 Greenland shark predation, i.e., all sharks were captured on SMART hooks, some Corresponding author Scott M. -
Mark Report Satellite Tags (Mrpats) to Detail Large-Scale Horizontal Movements of Deep Water Species: First Results for the Greenland Shark (Somniosus Microcephalus)
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Scholarship at UWindsor University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Biological Sciences Publications Department of Biological Sciences 2018 Mark report satellite tags (mrPATs) to detail large-scale horizontal movements of deep water species: First results for the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) Nigel E. Hussey Biological Sciences, University of Windsor Jack Orr Aaron T. Fisk University of Windsor Kevin J. Hedges Steven H. Ferguson See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/biologypub Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Hussey, Nigel E.; Orr, Jack; Fisk, Aaron T.; Hedges, Kevin J.; Ferguson, Steven H.; and Barkley, Amanda N., "Mark report satellite tags (mrPATs) to detail large-scale horizontal movements of deep water species: First results for the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus)" (2018). Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/biologypub/1193 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biological Sciences at Scholarship at UWindsor. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholarship at UWindsor. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Nigel E. Hussey, Jack Orr, Aaron T. Fisk, Kevin J. Hedges, Steven H. Ferguson, and Amanda N. Barkley This article is available at Scholarship at UWindsor: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/biologypub/1193 Author’s Accepted Manuscript Mark report satellite tags (mrPATs) to detail large- scale horizontal movements of deep water species: First results for the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) Nigel E. -
An Introduction to the Classification of Elasmobranchs
An introduction to the classification of elasmobranchs 17 Rekha J. Nair and P.U Zacharia Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi-682 018 Introduction eyed, stomachless, deep-sea creatures that possess an upper jaw which is fused to its cranium (unlike in sharks). The term Elasmobranchs or chondrichthyans refers to the The great majority of the commercially important species of group of marine organisms with a skeleton made of cartilage. chondrichthyans are elasmobranchs. The latter are named They include sharks, skates, rays and chimaeras. These for their plated gills which communicate to the exterior by organisms are characterised by and differ from their sister 5–7 openings. In total, there are about 869+ extant species group of bony fishes in the characteristics like cartilaginous of elasmobranchs, with about 400+ of those being sharks skeleton, absence of swim bladders and presence of five and the rest skates and rays. Taxonomy is also perhaps to seven pairs of naked gill slits that are not covered by an infamously known for its constant, yet essential, revisions operculum. The chondrichthyans which are placed in Class of the relationships and identity of different organisms. Elasmobranchii are grouped into two main subdivisions Classification of elasmobranchs certainly does not evade this Holocephalii (Chimaeras or ratfishes and elephant fishes) process, and species are sometimes lumped in with other with three families and approximately 37 species inhabiting species, or renamed, or assigned to different families and deep cool waters; and the Elasmobranchii, which is a large, other taxonomic groupings. It is certain, however, that such diverse group (sharks, skates and rays) with representatives revisions will clarify our view of the taxonomy and phylogeny in all types of environments, from fresh waters to the bottom (evolutionary relationships) of elasmobranchs, leading to a of marine trenches and from polar regions to warm tropical better understanding of how these creatures evolved. -
First Record of Swimming Speed of the Pacific Sleeper Shark Somniosus
Journal of the Marine First record of swimming speed of the Pacific Biological Association of the United Kingdom sleeper shark Somniosus pacificus using a baited camera array cambridge.org/mbi Yoshihiro Fujiwara , Yasuyuki Matsumoto, Takumi Sato, Masaru Kawato and Shinji Tsuchida Original Article Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan Cite this article: Fujiwara Y, Matsumoto Y, Sato T, Kawato M, Tsuchida S (2021). First record of swimming speed of the Pacific Abstract sleeper shark Somniosus pacificus using a baited camera array. Journal of the Marine The Pacific sleeper shark Somniosus pacificus is one of the largest predators in deep Suruga Biological Association of the United Kingdom Bay, Japan. A single individual of the sleeper shark (female, ∼300 cm in total length) was 101, 457–464. https://doi.org/10.1017/ observed with two baited camera systems deployed simultaneously on the deep seafloor in S0025315421000321 the bay. The first arrival was recorded 43 min after the deployment of camera #1 on 21 July 2016 at a depth of 609 m. The shark had several remarkable features, including the Received: 26 July 2020 Revised: 14 April 2021 snout tangled in a broken fishing line, two torn anteriormost left-gill septums, and a parasitic Accepted: 14 April 2021 copepod attached to each eye. The same individual appeared at camera #2, which was First published online: 18 May 2021 deployed at a depth of 603 m, ∼37 min after it disappeared from camera #1 view. Finally, the same shark returned to camera #1 ∼31 min after leaving camera #2. -
AC26 Inf. 1 (English Only / Únicamente En Inglés / Seulement En Anglais)
AC26 Inf. 1 (English only / únicamente en inglés / seulement en anglais) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA ____________ Twenty-sixth meeting of the Animals Committee Geneva (Switzerland), 15-20 March 2012 and Dublin (Ireland), 22-24 March 2012 RESPONSE TO NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES NO. 2011/049, CONCERNING SHARKS The attached information document has been submitted by the Secretariat at the request of PEW, in relation to agenda item 16*. * The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat or the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The responsibility for the contents of the document rests exclusively with its author. AC26 Inf. 1 – p. 1 January 5, 2012 Pew Environment Group Response to CITES Notification 2011/049 To Whom it May Concern, As an active international observer to CITES, a member of the Animals Committee Shark Working Group, as well as other working groups of the Animals and Standing Committees, and an organization that is very active in global shark conservation, the Pew Environment Group submits the following information in response to CITES Notification 2011/049. We submit this information in an effort to ensure a more complete response to the request for information, especially considering that some countries that have adopted proactive new shark conservation policies are not Parties to CITES. 1. Shark species which require additional action In response to Section a) ii) of the Notification, the Pew Environment Group submits the following list of shark species requiring additional action to enhance their conservation and management. -
On the Occurrence of the Arrowhead Dogfish, Deania Profundorum
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Sapientia On the occurrence of the arrowhead dogfish, Deania profundorum (Chondrichthyes: Squalidae) off southern Portugal, with a missing gill slit by Rui COELHO & Karim ERZINI (1) R É S U M É. - Signalement d’un Deania pro f u n d o ru m ( C h o n d r i c h- thyes : Squalidae) capturé dans le sud du Portugal, avec absence d’une fente branchiale. Dans ce travail, nous rapportons la capture d’un chien de mer pointe de flèche, Deania pro f u n d o ru m (Smith & Radcliffe, 1912), dans les eaux portugaises méridionales. Le spécimen, une grande femelle mature de 87,5 cm de longueur totale, n’avait que quatre fentes branchiales du côté droit, sans présenter de cicatrice à l’en- droit où la cinquième fente aurait dû se situer. Des mesures compa- ratives entre les tailles des fentes branchiales gauches et droites amènent à conclure que la fente manquante est probablement la première. Key words. - Chondrichthyes - Squalidae - Deania pro f u n d o ru m - ANE - Southern Portugal - Gill slit deformation - Record. The arrowhead dogfish, Deania pro f u n d o ru m (Smith & Rad- cliffe, 1912), is a squalid shark characterized by a greatly elongated snout, that is spatulate dorsal-ventrally and thin-depressed laterally (Compagno, 1984). This is a widely distributed species found on Figure 1. - Map of the southwest coast of Portugal with location of the cap- both sides of the Atlantic, from the Western Sahara to South A f r i c a ture ( ) of the Deania pro f u n d o ru m specimen. -
Thermoregulation Strategies of Deep Diving Ectothermic Sharks
THERMOREGULATION STRATEGIES OF DEEP DIVING ECTOTHERMIC SHARKS A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAIʻI AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCOTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ZOOLOGY (MARINE BIOLOGY) AUGUST 2020 By. Mark A. Royer Dissertation Committee: Kim Holland, Chairperson Brian Bowen Carl Meyer Andre Seale Masato Yoshizawa Keywords: Ectothermic, Thermoregulation, Biologging, Hexanchus griseus, Syphrna lewini, Shark ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to my advisor Dr. Kim Holland and to Dr. Carl Meyer for providing me the privilege to pursue a doctoral degree in your lab, which provided more experiences and opportunities than I could have ever imagined. The research environment you provided allowed me to pursue new frontiers in the field and take on challenging questions. Thank you to my committee members Dr. Brian Bowen, Dr. Andre Seale, and Dr. Masato Yoshizawa, for providing your ideas, thoughts, suggestions, support and encouragement through the development of my dissertation. I would like to give my sincere thanks to all of my committee members and to the Department of Biology for taking their time to provide their support and accommodation as I finished my degree during a rather unprecedented and uncertain time. I am very grateful to everyone at the HIMB Shark Lab including Dr. Melanie Hutchinson, Dr. James Anderson, Jeff Muir, and Dr. Daniel Coffey. I learned so much from all of you and we have shared several lifetimes worth of experiences. Thank you to Dr. James Anderson for exciting side projects we have attempted and will continue to pursue in the future. Thank you to Dr. -
Observations on Abundance of Bluntnose Sixgill Sharks, Hexanchus Griseus, in an Urban Waterway in Puget Sound, 2003-2005
Observations on Abundance of Bluntnose Sixgill Sharks, Hexanchus griseus, in an Urban Waterway in Puget Sound, 2003-2005 Denise Griffing1, Shawn Larson1*, Joel Hollander1, Tim Carpenter1, Jeff Christiansen1, Charles Doss2 1 Life Sciences, Seattle Aquarium, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, 2 Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America Abstract The bluntnose sixgill shark, Hexanchus griseus, is a widely distributed but poorly understood large, apex predator. Anecdotal reports of diver-shark encounters in the late 1990’s and early 2000’s in the Pacific Northwest stimulated interest in the normally deep-dwelling shark and its presence in the shallow waters of Puget Sound. Analysis of underwater video documenting sharks at the Seattle Aquarium’s sixgill research site in Elliott Bay and mark-resight techniques were used to answer research questions about abundance and seasonality. Seasonal changes in relative abundance in Puget Sound from 2003–2005 are reported here. At the Seattle Aquarium study site, 45 sixgills were tagged with modified Floy visual marker tags, along with an estimated 197 observations of untagged sharks plus 31 returning tagged sharks, for a total of 273 sixgill observations recorded. A mark-resight statistical model based on analysis of underwater video estimated a range of abundance from a high of 98 sharks seen in July of 2004 to a low of 32 sharks seen in March of 2004. Both analyses found sixgills significantly more abundant in the summer months at the Seattle Aquarium’s research station. Citation: Griffing D, Larson S, Hollander J, Carpenter T, Christiansen J, et al. -
Greenland Shark in the Barents Sea: Biology, Distribution and Bycatch
ICES CM 2010/E:26 Greenland shark in the Barents Sea: biology, distribution and bycatch by Rusyaev S.M., Sokolov K.M. and Drevetnyak K.V. E-mail:[email protected] Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO) 6 Knipovich Street, Murmansk, 183038 Russia Introduction Russian fishery for the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) was commenced in the Barents Sea in the late 19th century (Danilevskiy, 1862) and it was developed there in the early 20th century (Zhilinsky, 1923). Due to the diminishing of the demand for the liver fat of sharks that was caused by the commencement of the synthetic vitamin A production as well as since the coastal fishery was replaced by the oceanic one, the target fishery of the Greenland shark had been virtually ceased by 1961. In the absence of shark fishery, the research on distribution and abundance dynamics of a large predator may be important and urgent in the scope of ecosystem approach which is being developed in fishery science. The research on the Pacific Sleeper shark (Somniosus pacificus) showed that the abundance of representatives from that genus could significantly increase for a short time (Courtney, Sigler, 2002) and pose a threat for fisheries of the main commercial species (Orlov, 2003). Materials and methods Since there are no purposeful researches, the information on shark captures is limited and occasional, as a rule. The material for paper was the data on bycatches of Greenland shark by bottom and midwater gear in the Barents Sea obtained by research and fishing vessels: 233 captures from1981 to the present and 964 captures from January 1968 to August 2009, respectively.