Chain Drive Systems
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Modern Design and Control of Automatic Transmission and The
Review Paper doi:10.5937/jaes13-7727 Paper number: 13(2015)1, 313, 51 - 59 MODERN DESIGN AND CONTROL OF AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION AND THE PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT Dejan Matijević The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of Applied Studies, Belgrade, Serbia Ivan Ivanković* University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia Dr Vladimir Popović University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia The paper provides an overview of modern technical solutions of automatic transmissions in auto- motive industry with their influence on sustainable development. The objective of the first section is a structural view of specific constructions and control systems of presently used automatic transmis- sions, with emphasis on mechatronics implementation. The second section is based on perspectives of development, by integrating some branches of soft computing, such as fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks in order to create an optimal control algorithm for obtaining a contribution to fuel economy, exhaust emission, comfort and vehicle performance. Key words: Automatic transmission, Mechatronics, Automotive industry, Soft Computing INTRODUCTION which is depended by coefficient of friction and normal load on the drive axle. Lower limitation Almost all automobiles in use today are driven by is defined by maximal speed that vehicle can internal combustion engines, which are charac- reach. Shaded areas between traction forces terized by many advantages, such as relatively through gears are power losses. To decrease good efficiency, relatively compact energy stor- power losses and to be as closely as possible age and high power – to – weight ratio [07]. to the ideal traction hyperbola, the gearbox with But, fundamental disadvantages are: enough gear ratios is needed. -
Heavy Duty Automatic Transmission & Power Steering Fluid X-Changers
R Transmission fluid (inline or dipstick) and power steering fluid exchanging capabilities! Heavy Duty Automatic Transmission & Power Steering Fluid X-Changers P/N: 98018 P/N: 98020 P/N: 98019 P/N: 98021 TRANSMISSION (INLINE) TRANSMISSION (INLINE) TRANSMISSION TRANSMISSION (INLINE or Transmission fluid & POWER STEERING FLUID (INLINE or DIPSTICK) DIPSTICK) & POWER STEERING exchange through vehicle’s Multi-function service, Multi-method transmission Multi-function service, transmission cooler lines transmission fluid exchange fluid exchange: inline or transmission fluid exchange or patented integrated through the dipstick (inline or dipstick) or power steering exchange patented integrated power steering exchange ALL MACHINES INCLUDE: • Ability to select any fluid exchange • Large 2.5 GPM pump able to handle anything • Patented electronic measuring technology amount from 1 - 35 quarts from low-flow vehicles to trucks & buses • Fluid totalizer • Patented electronic measuring technology • ADD and REMOVE fluid features • Power loss memory • Fully interactive LCD control panel • SWITCH HOSES indicator & the • Pause function shows the technician everything going ability to switch flow direction on, taking out all the guesswork with the push of a button • Large 35 quart tanks 943067 2600 Jeanwood Drive • Elkhart, IN 46514 • Phone: 574-262-3400 • Toll Free: 800-303-5874 • www.flodynamics.com NEW Easy To Use LCD Control Panel! PERFORMANCE-DRIVEN HEAVY DUTY AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION & POWER STEERING FLUID X-CHANGER BENEFITS Accurate sensor technology allows optimum fluid level to be maintained in vehicle’s transmission. Two in-line 22-micron absolute 1 2 3 + fluid filters capture microscopic ABC DEF ADD particles and contaminants. 4 5 6 _ Easy to use adapters allow quick hookup GHI JKL MNO REMOVE to virtually any automobile make and 7 8 9 model, saving time and money. -
Gear Cutting and Grinding Machines and Precision Cutting Tools Developed for Gear Manufacturing for Automobile Transmissions
Gear Cutting and Grinding Machines and Precision Cutting Tools Developed for Gear Manufacturing for Automobile Transmissions MASAKAZU NABEKURA*1 MICHIAKI HASHITANI*1 YUKIHISA NISHIMURA*1 MASAKATSU FUJITA*1 YOSHIKOTO YANASE*1 MASANOBU MISAKI*1 It is a never-ending theme for motorcycle and automobile manufacturers, for whom the Machine Tool Division of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (MHI) manufactures and delivers gear cutting machines, gear grinding machines and precision cutting tools, to strive for high precision, low cost transmission gears. This paper reports the recent trends in the automobile industry while describing how MHI has been dealing with their needs as a manufacturer of the machines and cutting tools for gear production. process before heat treatment. A gear shaping machine, 1. Gear production process however, processes workpieces such as stepped gears and Figure 1 shows a cut-away example of an automobile internal gears that a gear hobbing machine is unable to transmission. Figure 2 is a schematic of the conven- process. Since they employ a generating process by a tional, general production processes for transmission specific number of cutting edges, several tens of microns gears. The diagram does not show processes such as of tool marks remain on the gear flanks, which in turn machining keyways and oil holes and press-fitting bushes causes vibration and noise. To cope with this issue, a that are not directly relevant to gear processing. Nor- gear shaving process improves the gear flank roughness mally, a gear hobbing machine is responsible for the and finishes the gear tooth profile to a precision of mi- crons while anticipating how the heat treatment will strain the tooth profile and tooth trace. -
Gear Cutting Solutions
Gear cuttingsolutions 2 E2F Z TRINITY ORIGIN SWISS MADE SWISS 8100 DUPLEX REVOLUTION 8700 Gear cutting solutions Type Name of tool Standard modules* Tool Tool Machined part Page Tooth by tooth m 0.03 - 1.00 5 gear cutter Z² m 0.015 - 1.000 6 Hobs for epicyclic & involute teeth ORIGIN m 0.015 - 0.800 7 m 0.015 - 1.000 8 Two-way hob cutter m 0.015 - 0.800 9 ORIGIN DUPLEX *Depends on the gearing norm Other modules upon request swiss made Gear cutting solutions Type Name of tool Standard modules* Tool Tool Machined part Page Hobs for asymmetrical 10 gears and special by profi le profi les REVOLUTION Hobs for frontal F 2 m 0.05 - 0.50 11 gear cutting E Hobs for conical m 0.05 - 0.30 12 gears TRINITY Hob cutters for involute gears ISO53 / DIN867 m 0.05 - 1.00 13 DIN quality AAAA 8100 Skiving cutter for m 0.05 - 1.00 internal gear teeth 14 8700 *Depends on the gearing norm Other modules upon request swiss made DUPLEX ORIGIN Hobs for epicyclic New & involute teeth Hobbing with two hob cutters is known to produce burr-free hobbing. It is a functional process, but requires a sometimes tedious start-up. It is necessary to make an adjustment for each hob, and the stacking of the arbor, tools and spacers results in a bad roundness and warping. Louis Bélet SA has found a simple solution that can be used by everyone to solve these problems: ORIGIN DUPLEX hobs. ORIGIN DUPLEX on a shank Circular ORIGIN DUPLEX Made of one-piece solid carbide, these cutters have two cutting areas, one on the right and one on the left. -
Forklift Differentials
Forklift Differentials Forklift Differential - A mechanical device which could transmit rotation and torque through three shafts is known as a differential. At times but not at all times the differential would use gears and will operate in two ways: in automobiles, it provides two outputs and receives one input. The other way a differential works is to combine two inputs in order to produce an output that is the sum, average or difference of the inputs. In wheeled vehicles, the differential enables all tires to be able to rotate at various speeds while supplying equal torque to all of them. The differential is intended to drive a pair of wheels with equivalent torque while enabling them to rotate at various speeds. While driving around corners, a car's wheels rotate at different speeds. Several vehicles such as karts operate without using a differential and use an axle instead. If these vehicles are turning corners, both driving wheels are forced to spin at the same speed, normally on a common axle which is driven by a simple chain-drive mechanism. The inner wheel should travel a shorter distance compared to the outer wheel while cornering. Without using a differential, the effect is the outer wheel dragging and or the inner wheel spinning. This puts strain on drive train, causing unpredictable handling, difficult driving and damage to the tires and the roads. The amount of traction necessary to move the car at whichever given moment depends on the load at that moment. How much drag or friction there is, the car's momentum, the gradient of the road and how heavy the automobile is are all contributing factors. -
Ring Gear and Pinion Tooth Pattern Interpretation
RING GEAR AND PINION TOOTH PATTERN INTERPRETATION The final pinion position will be verified by using the GEAR CONTACT PATTERN METHOD described as follows: The TOE of the gear is the portion of the tooth surface at the end towards the center. The HEEL of the gear tooth is the portion of the tooth surface at the outer-end. The TOP LAND of a gear tooth is the surface of the top of the tooth. Every gear has a characteristic pattern. RING GEAR TOOTH PROFILE There are two types of gears which are determined by the machining method. One is manufactured by FACE HOBBING, while the other one is manufactured by FACE MILLING. You must first determine the type of gear that you have in order to know which gear pattern chart to use as described in this bulletin. To do this, notice the depth of the ring gear tooth - dimension "A" and "B". If the gear was manufactured using the FACE HOBBING method, both "A" and "B" will be of equal depth. If the gear was manufactured using the FACE MILLING method, "A" will be larger than "B". Once the type of ring gear machining method has been identified, refer to the proper gear pattern chart. FACE HOBBING FACE MILLING NOTE: WHEN MAKING CHANGES, NOTE THAT TWO VARIABLES ARE INVOLVED. EXAMPLE: IF YOU HAVE THE BACKLASH SET CORRECTLY TO THE SPECIFICATION AND YOU CHANGE THE PINION POSITION SHIM, YOU MAY HAVE TO READJUST THE BACKLASH TO THE CORRECT SPECIFICATION BEFORE CHECKING THE PATTERN. REFER TO PATTERN INTERPRETATION. BULLETIN 5717-A 5/02 1 of 3 Spicer Technology, Inc. -
Basic Gear Systems
Basic Gear Systems A number of gears connected together is called a “Gear Train”. The gear train is another mechanism for transmitting rotary motion and torque. Unlike a belt and pulley, or chain and sprocket, no linking device (belt or chain) is required. Gears have teeth which interlock (or mesh) directly with one another. Advantages The main advantages of gear train transmission systems are that because the teeth on any gear intermesh with the next gear in the train, the gears can't slip. (An exact ratio is maintained.) Large forces can be transmitted. The number of turns a gear makes can be easily controlled. High ratios between the input and the output are easily possible. Disadvantages The main disadvantage of a gear system is it usually needs a lubrication system to reduce wear to the teeth. Oil or grease is used to reduce friction and heat caused by the teeth rubbing together. Gear systems to increase and decrease rotational velocity Gears are used to increase or decrease the speed or power of rotary motion. The measure of how much the speed or power is changed by a gear train is called the gear ratio (velocity ratio). This is equal to the number of teeth on the driver gear divided by the number of teeth on the driven gear. To decrease the speed of the output the driver gear is smaller than the driven gear. (This will reduce the speed but increase the “torque”.) This diagram shows a small gear (A) driving a larger gear (B). Because there are more teeth on the driven gear there is a reduction in output speed. -
Auto-Meshing Rack and Pinion Gear
Technical Disclosure Commons Defensive Publications Series April 2020 AUTO-MESHING RACK AND PINION GEAR HP INC Follow this and additional works at: https://www.tdcommons.org/dpubs_series Recommended Citation INC, HP, "AUTO-MESHING RACK AND PINION GEAR", Technical Disclosure Commons, (April 10, 2020) https://www.tdcommons.org/dpubs_series/3120 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Technical Disclosure Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Defensive Publications Series by an authorized administrator of Technical Disclosure Commons. INC: AUTO-MESHING RACK AND PINION GEAR Auto‐meshing rack and pinion gear In a mechanical system with a rack and pinion, typically the rack and pinion are always engaged with each other but, in some instances, it is necessary to have the pinion gear disengage and engage with the rack. When this happens, the rack and gear need to mesh properly each time that they engage. If the gears do not properly mesh, then the system can lockup, gears can break, or other similar problems occur. One example of this is in a large format printer with a user replaceable printhead cleaner. A rack can be permanently placed in the printer (Figure 1), and then the printhead cleaner contain moving parts driven by the rack. The moving parts could be caps, spitrollers, webwipes, etc. An example of gears locking is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 ‐ Printer printhead cleaner station with rack Pinion gear Rack gear Figure 2 ‐ Printhead cleaner with pinion gear locking up with rack Published by Technical Disclosure Commons, 2020 2 Defensive Publications Series, Art. -
Analysis and Simulation of a Torque Assist Automated Manual Transmission
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino Post print (i.e. final draft post-refereeing) version of an article published on Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. Beyond the journal formatting, please note that there could be minor changes from this document to the final published version. The final published version is accessible from here: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2010.12.014 This document has made accessible through PORTO, the Open Access Repository of Politecnico di Torino (http://porto.polito.it), in compliance with the Publisher's copyright policy as reported in the SHERPA- ROMEO website: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/0888-3270/ Analysis and Simulation of a Torque Assist Automated Manual Transmission E. Galvagno, M. Velardocchia, A. Vigliani Dipartimento di Meccanica - Politecnico di Torino C.so Duca degli Abruzzi, 24 - 10129 Torino - ITALY email: [email protected] Keywords assist clutch automated manual transmission power-shift transmission torque gap filler drivability Abstract The paper presents the kinematic and dynamic analysis of a power-shift Automated Manual Transmission (AMT) characterised by a wet clutch, called Assist-Clutch (ACL), replacing the fifth gear synchroniser. This torque-assist mechanism becomes a torque transfer path during gearshifts, in order to overcome a typical dynamic problem of the AMTs, that is the driving force interruption. The mean power contributions during gearshifts are computed for different engine and ACL interventions, thus allowing to draw considerations useful for developing the control algorithms. The simulation results prove the advantages in terms of gearshift quality and ride comfort of the analysed transmission. -
Technical Engineering Guide
TTEECHCHNINICALCAL EN ENGGINEEINEERRININGG 89 www.diamondchain.com TECHNICAL ENGINEERING General Drive Considerations One of the main advantages of the roller chain drive is its ability to perform well under widely varying conditions. Despite this ability, there are a number of rules of good design practice which, if considered early in the design pro- cess, will enable the user to obtain desirable results. Basic dimensions and minimum ultimate tensile requirements for single-pitch, double-pitch and attachment roller chains are specified by various standards organizations worldwide. ASME/ANSI, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers and The American National Standards Institute, defines dimensions such as: pitch, roller width, roller diameter, link plate height, link plate thickness and pin diameter. The primary purpose of the standard is to ensure that manufacturers will produce chains and sub-assemblies that are similar dimensionally and therefore interchangeable. In addition, the standard does offer the user some assurance of quality by defining a minimum ultimate tensile strength for each model of chain. However, tensile strength is not always a valid method to differentiate one manufacturer’s product from another. It is very important to remember that dimensional standardization does not define quality or performance characteristics. Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength: Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength, MUTS, is the static load required to break the chain. Tensile strength values shown in this catalog are not allowable working loads. Load or tension applied 1 to the chain in service should never exceed ⁄6 th of the UTS. If exceeding this value is necessary for a specific applica- tion, contact Diamond Chain. -