DOCSLIB.ORG

Nanoscale Order Controlling

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nanoscale Order Controlling 2018 6 International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) Controlling nanoscale order Architectonics connecting nanomaterials with macro materials International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) Controlling nanoscale order Architectonics connecting nanomaterials with macro materials NIMS NOW NIMS NOW 02 One-billionth-of-a-millimeter nanomaterials—atomic-scale in diameter and thickness 03 2018 No.6 2018 No.6 —come in a variety of forms, including nanoparticles, nanosheets and nanotubes. Only close examination can reveal the unique, nanoscale-specific behavior of these materials. The properties of nanomaterials have fascinated and inspired many scientists, leading to rapid advances in nanotechnology. The International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) was established in 2007 to accelerate nanotechnological research and development. MANA has attained world-class status in the application of nanotechnology NANO to materials science as a result of implementing its 10-year plan. Having made many significant research achievements, MANA is now ready for even more advanced challenges. MANA operates under solid guiding principles. Its twofold mission is to create highly functional nanoarchitectures by actively assembling and cross-linking nanomaterial components and to build novel physics knowledge through basic research. ARCHITE Nanoscale order can be achieved in countless ways, e.g., by varying the combinations of or stacking methods for nanomaterial components and by identifying unique and stable properties using mathematical concepts. The unknown nano-functions that await discovery are potentially as abundant as unknown nano-forms. CTONICS NIMS NOW NIMS NOW 04 05 2018 No.6 2018 No.6 Takuzo Aida Takayoshi Sasaki Professor Director Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) School of Engineering National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) University of Tokyo The NIMS International Center Techniques to connect sic research performed at MANA can great- metals and organics. In addition, active re- noarchitectonic products. nanosheets. This idea inspired me to en- for Materials Nanoarchitectonics nanomaterials and macro materials ly contribute to this endeavor. search efforts have been made on one-di- Aida: I believe you are referring to a hydro- gage in a joint research with Dr. Sasaki. (MANA) was launched in 2007 with Aida: Advances in nanoscience have mensional materials, such as carbon nano- gel, which was developed in 2015. This is a At that time, my lab had just acquired a the support of the World Premier Sasaki: MANA is alone among NIMS’ made the fabrication of organic nanomate- tubes, three-dimensional materials, such as very unique material: this soft material is superconducting magnet. A postdoctoral International Research Center seven research centers and divisions spe- rials relatively easy. However, little at- nanoparticles, and then two-dimensional tolerant against a vertical compression researcher in my lab used the magnet to ap- Initiative (WPI Program) run by cialized for basic research. “Nanoarchitec- tempt has been made to develop funda- materials, such as graphene. force, but it deforms easily and drastically ply a magnetic field to water containing ti- the Ministry of Education, Culture, tonics” is a concept proposed by MANA: mental science to elaborate mesoscale As you mentioned earlier, the most im- in response to a horizontal shear force. tanium oxide nanosheets. As a result, all of Sports, Science and Technology. creation of materials with novel functions structures: intermediate structures in scale portant and difficult challenges in nanoar- This anisotropic hydrogel was derived the nanosheets neatly lined up in parallel in Takayoshi Sasaki became MANA’s by assembling or specifically organizing between nano and macroscopic size re- chitectonics are the development of meth- from an “aqua material” developed in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic new Director in 2017 to continue to nano-sized materials (or nanomaterials). gimes. A current challenge in polymer ods of synthesizing nanomaterials uniform 2010. Although the water content of the flux lines. Adjacent nanosheets were always fulfill its mission. University of Tokyo Rapid progress of electronics and informa- chemistry—my area of expertise—is the in shape and size and of precisely organiz- aqua material is greater than 98%, it is separated by a gap due to mutual electro- Professor Takuzo Aida is a leader tion/communication technology as well as development of fundamental science to fill ing them. These challenges represent the very strong mechanically. The material static repulsion. The researcher then al- in polymer chemistry in Japan. the deteriorating environmental and energy this missing link. essence of nanoarchitectonics. Addressing can be readily prepared by mixing togeth- lowed the nanosheet suspension to gelati- Sasaki and Aida discussed the situations have led to the growing demand Sasaki: Nanomaterial research has them could allow us to discover novel er natural clay mineral sheets and two nize in a manner similar to konjac jelly, re- current status and future prospects for miniaturization, weight reduction and evolved from the initial discovery of functions. types of polymers in water. Although the sulting in the creation of a new anisotropic of “nanoarchitectonics,” a concept increased efficiency of various devices. fullerenes and carbon nanotubes in the You developed a novel material containing aqua material has many useful properties, material (anisotropic hydrogel) in which the proposed by MANA. Materials used in these technologies there- 1980s and 1990s to the development of titanium oxide nanosheets (see p. 12), a ma- I thought that an even more innovative ma- nanosheets are only allowed to slide hori- fore need to be more compact, highly func- nanomaterials in a wider range of com- terial I studied for many years. I think this terial could be created by replacing the zontally. I think that this new material pro- tional or multifunctional. I believe that ba- pound classes, such as oxides, nitrides, exemplifies the practical application of na- clay mineral sheets with titanium oxide vides an excellent example to show what exciting things happen if the missing link vates us to create innovative materials. Field and the Nano-System Field. A third ities. Computer Go programs are certainly Aida. MANA currently has approximately during basic research conducted at between the nano and mesoscopic size re- When we encounter unexpected or acciden- field—the Nano-Theory Field—was newly capable of advanced learning based on the 200 researchers, which represent about a MANA, the subject matter is transferred gimes is filled. tal events during our research, we should added to MANA three years ago. It was ar- rules of Go, but humans, as the inventers quarter of the total number of NIMS re- from MANA to a NIMS mission-oriented Sasaki: After the development of anisotro- find them interesting and actively pursue ranged that a majority of the computational of Go, have immense creative abilities. searchers. MANA researchers engage in a research center to advance it to the applied pic hydrogel, your lab’s extremely talented their causes. An interdisciplinary approach scientists at NIMS would join the Nano-The- For this reason, it is very important for us wide variety of research. They fabricate research stage. Many of the researchers at researchers have produced a variety of new to research is also important and our joint ory Field in an effort to integrate the theoret- to train young researchers. We particular- various types of materials, such as nanow- the Center for Functional Sensors and Ac- materials. All are very creative, including research really confirmed this point. ical and experimental approaches. Our ly need researchers capable of coming up ires, nanosheets, nanoporous materials and tuators, which was established in July “photonic water” capable of changing color Aida: Basic research should always be a method is to first make predictions regard- with their own ideas and acting inde- supramolecular materials, which may be 2018, were trained at MANA. This is a when the orientation of and intervals be- vigorous scientific activity, like producing ing new materials and new physical proper- pendently in order for Japan’s materials applicable to next-generation electronics good example of MANA’s contribution to tween nanosheets in water are altered by the something from scratch. ties using theoretical and computational ap- science to remain strong in the future. and energy technologies. In addition, they NIMS as a whole. application of an external force, such as heat. proaches and then to verify these predictions Sasaki: That issue needs to be addressed fabricate a large variety of different devic- Aida: Practical application of new materi- Aida: Because researchers sometimes Power of computational science experimentally. We hope this combined cooperatively between educational insti- es, from atomic switches to odor sensors. als takes 20 to 30 years after their discov- make discoveries by accident, I do not mind and human capabilities method produces many successes. tutions—namely, universities—and na- MANA has also produced positive results ery. It is important for future basic materi- mistakes by researchers in my lab. When My hobby is to play the game of Go. I was tional research institutions, such as NIMS in the development of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Takuzo Aida Deputy Director, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science Professor, School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo
    19 Japan Academy Prize to: Takuzo Aida Deputy Director, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science Professor, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo for “Studies on Precision Hierarchical Design of Innovative Soft Materials” Outline of the work: Prof. Takuzo Aida is a world-leading scientist involved in the development of innovative soft materials. Prof. Aida has been intensely engaged in exploiting the interactions between materials sciences and other scientific disciplines such as physics and life science. While researchers’ focus in molecular science is now shifting from highly diluted and well-equilibrated molecular systems to more complex, non-equilibrated systems in highly condensed phases, Prof. Aida discovered extrusion polymerization of olefins in 1999 using catalyst-immobilized nanoscopic channels of mesoporous silica (ref. 32). When ethylene is allowed to polymerize, polymer chains that are produced in nanopores are not allowed to fold but extruded unidirectionally like spider silk. The chains then assemble together into extended-chain crystalline fibers having ultrahigh mechanical properties. In general, highly anisotropic hierarchical structural ordering can provide materials with extraordinary properties. However, this process is known to be interfered by kinetic traps that emerge in the transition from nano to mesoscopic size regimes. Based on the seminal discovery of extrusion polymerization, Prof. Aida noticed how multivalent interactions and physical perturbations are useful for avoiding kinetic traps that prevent hierarchical structural ordering in highly condensed systems and properly connect the missing link between nano and meso-scale phenomena. From then on, he has been promoting this immature research field and has accomplished numerous seminal achievements for creating innovative soft materials.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Program (Oral Presentations)
    Oral Presentations Monday, July 12, 2010 Opening of Program and Chirality Award Lecture (Hall A) 16:50 – 17:10 Opening and Chirality Medal Ceremony 17:10 – 18:10 [Chirality Medal Award Lecture] BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS AND CHIRALITY Kenji Mori Emeritus Professor, The University of Tokyo, Japan Chirality Medal Reception (Main Hall A) 18:10 – 21:00 Chirality Medal Reception Tuesday, July 13, 2010 Plenary Session 1 (Hall A) Chairperson: Kazuhiko Saigo 08:40 – 09:30 [PL-1] PROTEIN SURFACE RECOGNITION: A SUPRAMOLECULAR APPROACH TO CONTROLLING BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION Andrew D. Hamilton Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, UK 09:30 – 10:00 COFFEE BREAK (Hall C) Parallel Session A1 (Hall A) Chairperson: Jérôme Lacour 10:00 – 10:30 [IL-A1] INTELLIGENT NANOFIBERS WITH SUPRAMOLECULAR CHIRALITY Myongsoo Lee Center for Supramolecular Nano-Assembly and Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Korea 10:30 – 11:00 [IL-A2] CHIRALITY FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE Takuzo Aida School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan Parallel Session A2 (Hall A) Chairperson: Myongsoo Lee 11:00 – 11:20 [O-A1] SUPRAMOLECULAR MRI CONTRAST AGENTS Pol Besenius, Anja R.A. Palmans, E.W. Meijer Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands 22nd International Symposium on Chirality (Chirality2010) Oral Presentations 11:20 – 11:40 [O-A2] PYRIDINOPHANE CATALYSIS FOR ASYMMETRIC CYCLOPROPANATION WITH COPPER CARBENOID COCATALYSIS Hiroko Tanaka, Nobuhiro Kanomata Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Waseda University, Japan 11:40 – 12:00 [O-A3] THE SHAPE MATTERS: A DRAMATIC DEPENDENCE OF CHIROPTICAL RESPONSE ON THE CONFORMATION OF CHIRAL OLIGOMERS José Lorenzo Alonso-Gómez1, Ana G.
    [Show full text]
  • 10Th ISMSC-2015 Strasbourg, France (June 28Th - July 2Nd, 2015)
    10th ISMSC-2015 Strasbourg, France (June 28th - July 2nd, 2015) Code Presenting Author Title Authors Perspectives in Chemistry: From Supramolecular Chemistry towards PL-1 Jean-Marie Lehn Jean-Marie Lehn Adaptive Chemistry PL-2 E.W. (Bert) Meijer Folding of Macromolecules; Functional single-chain polymer nanoparticles E.W. (Bert) Meijer PL-3 Samuel Stupp Bio-Inspired Supramolecular Materials Samuel Stupp Functional Materials Constructed by Combining Traditional Polymers and PL-4 Feihe Huang Feihe Huang, Xiaofan Ji, Mingming Zhang, Xiaodong Chi Host-Guest Molecular Recognition Motifs Supramolecular Liquid-Crystalline Materials for Energy, Water, and PL-5 Takashi Kato Takashi Kato Environment PL-6 Tanja Weil Programmed Self-Assembly of Bioactive Architectures Tanja Weil, David Y. W. Ng PL-7 Paul D. Beer Interlocked Host Molecules for Anion Recognition and Sensing Paul D. Beer PL-8 Takuzo Aida Rational Strategy for Chain-Growth Supramolecular Polymerization Takuzo Aida IL-1 Pablo Ballester Mechanically Interlocked Molecules Containing Calix[4]pyrrole Scaffolds Pablo Ballester IL-2 Davide Bonifazi Supramolecular Colorlands Davide Bonifazi IL-3 Kentaro Tanaka Columnar Liquid Crystalline Macrocycles Kentaro Tanaka IL-4 Ian Manners Recent Advances in “Living” Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly Ian Manners Light-driven catenation and intermolecular communication in solution and Nathan D. McClenaghan, A. Tron, R. Bofinger, J. IL-5 Nathan McClenaghan nanocapsules Thevenot, S. Lecommandoux, J.H.R. Tucker Supramolecular Chemistry and Photophysics of Light-Harvesting IL-6 Harry Anderson Harry Anderson Nanorings Jeroen J. L. M. IL-7 Supramolecular Protein Assemblies, from Cages to Tubes Jeroen J. L. M. Cornelissen Cornelissen Light-driven liquids, particles, and interfaces: from microfluidics to coffee IL-8 Damien Baigl Damien Baigl rings B.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Seunghyun Sim Bas Van Genabeek Takuzo Aida Bert Meijer
    In association with NASA Takuzo Aida December 10, 2019 Seunghyun Sim Bas van Genabeek Bert Meijer Tokyo University Caltech SyMO-Chem Eindhoven University . cmeacs.org In association with NASA ACS GLOBAL OUTSTANDING GRADUATE STUDENT & MENTOR AWARDS IN POLYMER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SPONSORED BY CME Seunghyun Sim Bas van Genabeek Postdoc Researcher Caltech SyMO-Chem Takuzo Aida Bert Meijer Prof. Tokyo University Distinguished Professor Riken Group Director Eindhoven University . December 10, 2019 cmeacs.org In association with NASA 2:00 pm – Awards Presentation and Talk on Engineering self-assembly of protein polymers for functional materials. Seunghyun Sim – Proteins are monodisperse polymers that fold into a specific nanoscale structure. These state-of-art nanoscale machineries exert highly precise mechanical motions and process environmental inputs by the combination of allosteric effects. My research focuses on finding interdisciplinary solutions for designing a library of functional protein materials, mainly from the principles in supramolecular chemistry, molecular biology, and polymer science. In this symposium, I will discuss the design of protein-based macromolecular architectures in multiple dimensions, understanding their property for the therapeutic application, and in situ synthesis of extracellular protein network by living organisms for generating engineered living materials. Profile – Seunghyun Sim graduated from Seoul National University with B.S. degrees in Chemistry and Biological Sciences in 2012. She conducted her doctoral research with professor Takuzo Aida at the University of Tokyo and received her M.Eng. and Ph.D. in 2017. Her thesis work focused on engineering protein-based supramolecular nanostructures and functions. She is currently a postdoctoral fellow at California Institute of Technology in the lab of professor David Tirrell.
    [Show full text]
  • Elucidation of the Origin of Chiral Amplification in Discrete Molecular Polyhedra
    ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02605-x OPEN Elucidation of the origin of chiral amplification in discrete molecular polyhedra Yu Wang 1, Hongxun Fang1, Ionut Tranca2, Hang Qu1, Xinchang Wang1, Albert J. Markvoort 2, Zhongqun Tian1 & Xiaoyu Cao1 Chiral amplification in molecular self-assembly has profound impact on the recognition and separation of chiroptical materials, biomolecules, and pharmaceuticals. An understanding of 1234567890():,; how to control this phenomenon is nonetheless restricted by the structural complexity in multicomponent self-assembling systems. Here, we create chiral octahedra incorporating a combination of chiral and achiral vertices and show that their discrete nature makes these octahedra an ideal platform for in-depth investigation of chiral transfer. Through the con- struction of dynamic combinatorial libraries, the unique possibility to separate and char- acterise each individual assembly type, density functional theory calculations, and a theoretical equilibrium model, we elucidate that a single chiral unit suffices to control all other units in an octahedron and how this local amplification combined with the distribution of distinct assembly types culminates in the observed overall chiral amplification in the system. Our combined experimental and theoretical strategy can be applied generally to quantify discrete multi-component self-assembling systems. 1 State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China. 2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Computational Biology Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 5135600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands. Yu Wang and Hongxun Fang contributed equally to this work.
    [Show full text]
  • Theatre Monday July 9Th
    Theatre Monday July 9th Agilent session Chair: D.M. Haddleton 10.30-11.00 Professor Craig Hawker Materials Research Laboratory, UCSB PL1 Generating Complex Nanoscale Patterns through Bottom-up Self-Assembly 11.00-11.30 Professor Jean Frechet King Abdullah University of Science and Technology PL2 Functional macromolecules in energy conversion. 11.30-12.00 Professor Fraser Stoddart Northwestern University PL3 Positive Cooperativity in the Template-Directed Synthesis of Monodisperse Macromolecules 12.00-12.30 Professor Krzysztof Matyjaszewski Carnegie Mellon PL4 ATRP under biorelevant conditions 12.30-1.00 Professor Xi Zhang Tsinghua University PL5 Supramolecular Polymerization Driven by Host-Enhanced Noncovalent Interactions Aldrich Session Chair: J.C.M. Van Hest 2.00-2.30 Professor Eva Harth Vanderbilt University I1 Functionalized Polyester and Glycidol Polymers with Control in Branching: Synthesis of Monomers and Supramolecular Network Formation. 2.30-3.00 Professor Harm-Anton Klok Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) I2 Interactive and responsive polymer brushes prepared via surface-initiated polymerization Chair: E.M. Harth 3.30-4.00 Professor Thomas Davis Aus. Centre for NanoMedicine and CAMD, UNSW I11 New Synthesis of Biodegradable Nanoparticles based on Dextran 4.05-4.20 Dr Tim Smith Lubrizol Ltd C1 Leading polymer development for the lubricants industry 4.20-4.35 Dr Nico Bruns University of Basel, Department of Chemistry C2 ATRPases: Enzymes that catalyze atom transfer radical polymerization 4.35-4.50 Dr Lei Tao Tsinghua University C3 Self-healing hydrogels for bio-applications 9 4.55-5.10 Dr Simon Harrisson Université de Paris Sud XI C4 Copper-mediated preparation of alkoxyamines and the SET/ARGET debate 5.10-5.25 Professor Jose A.
    [Show full text]
  • Oral Programme
    Frontiers in Polymer Science| Oral Programme Oral Programme Oral Programme Tuesday 21 May 2013 11:00 Registration |Hall Auditorium 14:00-14:20 Opening Remarks by Chairs and Rumen Duhlev, Elsevier, Oxford, UK 14:20-15:10 [K01] Frontiers in precision polymer synthesis by precision radical polymerization Mitsuo Sawamoto, Kyoto University, Japan 15:10-16:00 [K02] Crystallization-driven self-assembly of elongated block copolymer micelles Mitchell A. Winnik, University of Toronto, Canada 16:00-17:30 Coffee break and Poster Session 1 17:30-18:20 [K03] New paradigms at the proto-life/synthetic biology interface Stephen Mann, University of Bristol, UK 18:20-19:10 [K04] Polymer Nano-Assemblies for Targeted Bioresponsive Cancer Delivery Paula T. Hammond, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA 19:10-21:00 Welcome reception and continuation of Poster Session 1 |Hall Auditorium 21:00 End of day 1 Wednesday 22 May 2013 09:00-09:50 [K05] Structural control from molecular up to macroscopic size regimes for developing functional soft materials Takuzo Aida, The University of Tokyo, Japan 09:50-10:40 [K06] Using polymers to direct the growth and assembly of gold nanoparticles Luis M. Liz-Marzán, CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastián, Spain 10:40-12:10 Coffee break and Poster Session 2 |Hall Auditorium 12:10-13:00 [K07] Molecular engineering of folded nano-architectures Ivan Huc, Université de Bordeaux, France 13:00-14:30 Lunch |Tamuntana 14:30-15:20 [K08] Bio-inspired polymer chemistry Roeland J.M. Nolte, Radbout University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 15:20-16:10 [K09] Supramolecular polymerization driven by host-enhanced noncovalent interactions Xi Zhang, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China 16:10-16:30 Coffee break |Hall Auditorium 16:30-17:20 [K10] Self-assemblies of giant molecular shape amphiphiles as a new platform for engineering structures at different feature sizes Stephen Z.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecularly Engineered “Janus Groel”: Application to Supramolecular Copolymerization with a Higher Level of Sequence Control Daiki Kashiwagi, Hao K
    Subscriber access provided by Caltech Library Communication Molecularly Engineered “Janus GroEL”: Application to Supramolecular Copolymerization with a Higher Level of Sequence Control Daiki Kashiwagi, Hao K. Shen, Seunghyun Sim, Koki Sano, Yasuhiro Ishida, Ayumi Kimura, Tatsuya Niwa, Hideki Taguchi, and Takuzo Aida J. Am. Chem. Soc., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05937 • Publication Date (Web): 21 Jul 2020 Downloaded from pubs.acs.org on July 21, 2020 Just Accepted “Just Accepted” manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication. They are posted online prior to technical editing, formatting for publication and author proofing. The American Chemical Society provides “Just Accepted” as a service to the research community to expedite the dissemination of scientific material as soon as possible after acceptance. “Just Accepted” manuscripts appear in full in PDF format accompanied by an HTML abstract. “Just Accepted” manuscripts have been fully peer reviewed, but should not be considered the official version of record. They are citable by the Digital Object Identifier (DOI®). “Just Accepted” is an optional service offered to authors. Therefore, the “Just Accepted” Web site may not include all articles that will be published in the journal. After a manuscript is technically edited and formatted, it will be removed from the “Just Accepted” Web site and published as an ASAP article. Note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the manuscript text and/or graphics which could affect content, and all legal disclaimers and ethical guidelines that apply to the journal pertain. ACS cannot be held responsible for errors or consequences arising from the use of information contained in these “Just Accepted” manuscripts.
    [Show full text]
  • The Porphyrin Handbook
    ThePorphyrinHandbook Editors KarlM.Kadish DepartmentofChemistry UniversityofHouston Houston,Texas KevinM.Smith DepartmentofChemistry UniversityofCalifornia,Davis Davis,California RogerGuilard FaculteÂdesSciencesGabriel UniversiteÂdeBourgogne Dijon,France SANDIEGOSANFRANCISCO NEWYORKBOSTON LONDONSYDNEY TORONTO Preface The broadly de®ned porphyrin research area is one of the this is a data-intensive ®eld, and we believe that compilation most exciting, stimulating and rewarding for scientists in the of relevant data should be useful to investigators. We have ®elds of chemistry, physics, biology and medicine. The attempted to ensure that every chapter was written by the beautifully constructed porphyrinoid ligand, perfected over currently acknowledged expert in the ®eld, and very early on the course of evolution, provides the chromophore for a we had in our hands no less than sixty-nine signed contracts multitude of iron, magnesium, cobalt and nickel complexes for chapters. With the fullness of time, and as deadlines for which are primary metabolites and without which life itself Handbook chapter submission and other essential activities could not be maintained. (e.g., research proposal renewals) converged, some of our Falk's book, Porphyrins and Metalloporphyrins, pub- authors had to withdraw. On occasion we were able to lished in 1962, was a fairly thin volume which represented recruit new authors who, with only a month or less of lead the ®rst attempt to apply the principles of modern chemistry time, were able to ®ll these gaps and come
    [Show full text]
  • A Place in the "X-Ray" Sun – on the Cutting Edge
    AA PlacePlace inin thethe "X-ray""X-ray" SunSun On the Cutting Edge complexes that could never be studied before. From Since the inception of the SPring-8 utilization in 1986-1988, he worked on the acetylcholine receptor 1997, more than 100,000 users have visited SPring-8 and a motility assay for motor proteins as a Postdoctoral and carried out experiments to uncover mysteries in Fellow with Drs. Nigel Unwin and James Spudich science. Described here are a lineup of the nine at Stanford University, in the USA. He then moved pioneers in Life Science, Materials Science, Chemical to the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Science, Earth & Planetary Science, and Light Source Cambridge in the UK to continue his work with Dr. Technology from SPring-8. Unwin on the electron crystallography of 2D and tubular crystals of membrane proteins. During this 1. A Scenario Writer of Interplay between Protein and Ion in Membrane Transport Chikashi TOYOSHIMA Noted for his distinguished achievements for the calcium ion pump (Sarco- (Endo-) plasmic reticulum Calcium ATPase 1, SERCA1) in structural biology, Chikashi Toyoshima has been one of the top international biophysicists in the highly competitive world of life science. He is a professor of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences at the University of Tokyo. He started his scientific career as an electron microscopist and worked on muscle filaments and ion channels. Drawing on all of his expertise in the fields of mathematics, physics and biology, he has Chikashi Toyoshima uncovered the atomic structures of biomolecular Leading his research team even at midnight at SPring-8 10 period, he initiated collaboration on SERCA1a with constant for TG.
    [Show full text]
  • A08-2Pm-04 the 101St CSJ Annual Meeting
    A08-2pm-04 The 101st CSJ Annual Meeting Highly Selective Heterochiral Supramolecular Polymerization of Thiophene-Fused Chiral [4n]Annulenes (1Grad. Sch. of Eng., The Univ. of Tokyo, 2Grad. Sch. of Sci., The Univ. of Tokyo, 3CEMS, RIKEN) ○Tsubasa Aoki,1 Michihisa Ueda,1 Takayuki Nakamuro,2 Eiichi Nakamura,2 Takuzo Aida,1,3 Yoshimitsu Itoh 1 Keywords: Chirality; Supramolecular Polymers; Heterochiral Sequence; [4n]Annulene In nature, the stereochemistry that we can find for amino acids is L-form. This is a typical example of “homochirality” in nature. On the other hand, in the crystallization of racemic mixtures, more than 90% are racemates (heterochiral), and less than 10% are conglomerates (homochiral). Interestingly, in the case of supramolecular polymers,1 where reversible non-covalent bonds connect the monomer units, it is known that they prefer a homochiral 1D arrangement due to the formation of helical assemblies.2 Here we report the first example of a highly selective heterochiral supramolecular polymer of thiophene-fused chiral [4n]annulene derivatives.3 Upon mixing the two optically resolved monomers, a white precipitate was observed. A microcrystal electron crystallography, combined with analytical HPLC, AFM, and various spectroscopic measurements suggested that the precipitate has a structure of 1D heterochiral supramolecular polymer. Interestingly, the origin of high stereoselectivity was attributable to strong antiparallel dipole interactions between the polarized conjugated planar moieties. This is a novel motif for driving supramolecular polymerization compared to conventional ones that prefer homochiral monomer sequences via hydrogen-bonding arrays. Besides, our previous studies have also shown that this monomer can be racemized upon photoirradiation by the emergence of Baird aromaticity.4 Based on this understanding, we succeeded in photopolymerization in a spatiotemporal manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Fine-Tuned Supramolecular Polymerization 5 February 2015
    Fine-tuned supramolecular polymerization 5 February 2015 In nature, supramolecular complexes—chain-like for example, a drug of one chirality will be structures that are composed of many small units biologically useful, whereas the opposite linked mainly by weak non-covalent bonds—are enantiomer will be useless or, in the worst case, assembled and disassembled in a precisely harmful. Frequently, a pure material will have quite controlled way. Now, in work published in Science, different properties from a racemic mixture, which researchers from the RIKEN Center for Emergent contains equal amounts of each of the Matter Science, led by Takuzo Aida, have enantiomers. This finding was also important demonstrated a new method for artificially building because it allowed the scientists to exert control and dismantling supramolecular polymers in a over the final geometry of the chain. tightly controlled and selective way, following the methods of traditional polymer chemistry by taking Daigo Miyajima, who along with Aida is advantage of the monomer elements' own corresponding author, says, "What is exciting is tendency to self-organize. This opens the way to that, based on lessons from polymer chemistry, we the creation, though precision supramolecular were able to build these macromolecular polymers engineering, or polymers with a wide range of in a chain-growth rather than step-growth fashion. properties that could be exploited for new This has made it possible to control the length of applications. chains, the sequence of molecules, and even the stereochemical structure, and through this we hope The work began from a serendipitous observation to contribute to progress in precision in an earlier experiment that a certain molecule, macromolecular engineering." containing a corranulene core, seemed to exist in a stable state but that, when an initiator was added Looking to the future, Aida adds, "Supramolecular to the solvent, it began to self-assemble into a polymers can have semiconducting properties if polymer.
    [Show full text]