Multi Protocol Label Switching with Quality of Service in High Speed
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Comparative Analysis of Mpls and Non-Mpls Network
Madhulika Bhandure, Gaurang Deshmukh, Prof. Varshapriya J N / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 3, Issue 4, Jul-Aug 2013, pp. 71-76 Comparative Analysis of Mpls and Non -Mpls Network Madhulika Bhandure1, Gaurang Deshmukh2, Prof. Varshapriya J N3 1, 2, 3(Department of Computer Science and IT, VJTI, Mumbai-19 ABSTRACT A new standard for a new world of from on complex over to the next. Originally networking, MPLS is a forwarding mechanism MPLS created by a crew of engineers that were based on Tag Switching. MPLS is an innovative consumed with improving the quickness of routers approach in which forwarding decision is taken nevertheless from the time it has emerged as a based on labels. Label is created for every route classic in today's telecommunications. There have in routing table. Large operators have embraced been a multitude number of attempts at developing multiprotocol label switching, deploying it in many technologies with the identical goals, to date their backbone networks to enable a number of none have reached the position of success that we services and applications such as virtual private now see with MPLS. To this extent what benefits networks to just name one. This paper presents arise out of using MPLS you may wonder? Well an overview of the MPLS technology and firstly, they allow internet service providers the related IETF standards, and how it is faster and savvy to maintain rapidly growing internet. In better than traditional IP routing. addition allows for fundamental adjustability. Appreciating MPLS means looking to some of the Keywords - LDP, LSP, LSR, MPLS, QoS parts that exist concerning to the MPLS such as the label which is a locally significant identifier that is I. -
A Detail Review on Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 2, March-April, 2015 ISSN 2091-2730 A Detail Review on Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Divya Sharma, Renu Singla M-Tech. Student Asst. Prof. Department Of Computer Science Department Of Computer Science Shri Ram College of Engineering and Management, Shri Ram College of Engineering and Management, Palwal, Haryana, India Palwal, Haryana, India Abstract— Multiprotocol level switching is rapidly emerging technology which plays a main role in new generation network by improvising QoS scalability speed and other features like traffic engineering. MPLS provide a framework that efficient for routing, switching and forwarding. MPLS allow for creating end-to-end circuits by using any transport protocol. The main goal of MPLS is to eliminate the dependency of OSI model data link layered technology i.e. frame relay, Ethernet, asynchronous transfer mode. This paper provides a detail overview on MPLS with its terminologies, functioning and the services that it offers Keywords— MPLS, VPN, LSR, LDP, LER, LSP, FEC. I. INTRODUCTION IP based networks typically provide minimum QOS features available in circuit switch network such as ATM and frame relay. MPLS brings the mundanely of a connection oriented protocol to the connectionless IP protocols [2]. MPLS is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) specified framework that offers efficient routing, switching and traffic forwarding. It is a technology for delivering IP based services. It provides the ability to offer highly advance IP services and highly scalability features with easy configuration and management for both customers and service providers. In a conventional IP networks each router performs an IP lookup determines the next hop based on its routing tables and forewords the packet to the nearby neighbors due to this creating lot of load at each router interface [3]. -
Multiprotocol Label Switching
CHAPTER23 MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING 23.1 The Role of Mpls 23.2 Background Connection-Oriented QoS Support Traffic Engineering Virtual Private Network (VPN) Support Multiprotocol Support 23.3 MPLS Operation 23.4 Labels Label Stacking Label Format Label Placement 23.5 FECs, LSPs, and Labels Route Selection 23.6 Label Distribution Requirements for Label Distribution Label Distribution Protocol LDP Messages LDP Message Format 23.7 Traffic Engineering Elements of MPLS Traffic Engineering Constrained Shortest-Path First Algorithm RSVP-TE 23.8 Virtual Private Networks Layer 2 Virtual Private Network Layer 3 Virtual Private Network 23.9 Recommended Reading 23.10 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 749 750 CHAPTER 23 / MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: ◆ Discuss the role of MPLS in an Internet traffic management strategy. ◆ Explain at a top level how MPLS operates. ◆ Understand the use of labels in MPLS. ◆ Present an overview of how the function of label distribution works. ◆ Present an overview of MPLS traffic engineering. ◆ Understand the difference between layer 2 and layer 3 VPNs. In Chapter 19, we examined a number of IP-based mechanisms designed to improve the performance of IP-based networks and to provide different levels of quality of service (QoS) to different service users. Although the routing protocols discussed in Chapter 19 have as their fundamental purpose dynami- cally finding a route through an internet between any source and any destina- tion, they also provide support for performance goals in two ways: 1. Because these protocols are distributed and dynamic, they can react to congestion by altering routes to avoid pockets of heavy traffic. -
Network-On-Chip Quality-Of-Service Through Multiprotocol Label Switching
Network-on-Chip Quality-of-Service through MultiProtocol Label Switching Manho Kim, Daewook Kim and Gerald E. Sobelman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA Email: {mhkim,daewook,sobelman}@ece.umn.edu Abstract— Providing Quality-of-Service (QoS) in networks-on- susceptible to unpredictable data flows and capacity constraints chip (NoCs) will be an important consideration for the complex due to the disparity between average and worst-case data multiprocessor chips of the future. In this paper, we discuss throughput requirements. The essence of QoS is the ability the difficulties encountered in addressing these requirements. Then, we propose a promising solution to this problem that to offer a predictable system behavior to designers. In order is based on applying the well-known MPLS technology of to obtain the maximum benefit of the NoC methodology, large-scale computer networks to the on-chip environment. A the ability to provide a guaranteed QoS for an application network simulator is used to evaluate the concept for a typical is a critical requirement [5]. System designers will require communications scenario that must support several classes of NoC communication platforms which have a certain degree traffic having a range of QoS requirements. of multi-protocol support since the various applications will I. INTRODUCTION have a wide variety of communication patterns. Systems-on-chip (SoCs) for multimedia or telecommuni- cation applications will contain a large number of process- III. GUARANTEEING QOS IN NOCS ing elements (PEs) such as a DSP processor, RISC CPU, embedded RAM, graphics engine, etc. As a result, there is Most of the existing NoC architectures are packet-switched a need for high-throughput communications links between (connectionless) NoCs. -
Multiprotocol Label Switching: an in Depth View 1
Running Head: MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING: AN IN DEPTH VIEW 1 Multiprotocol Label Switching: An In Depth View LoyCurtis Smith East Carolina University MULTIPROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING: AN IN DEPTH VIEW 2 Abstract Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a revolutionary packet forwarding WAN technology that operates between Layer 2 and Layer 3 of the OSI model, which has been classified as Layer 2.5. It is placed between the two layers because it integrates the fast paced switching, that takes place in the data link layer ,with IP routing, that takes place in the network layer, to do what is called label based switching. It is a multifaceted technology that shifts the paradigm of how packets are passed throughout the network. Multiprotocol label switching is a core network switching technique that offers numerous benefits such as increased performance, increased traffic control with traffic engineering, Quality of Service (QoS), secure transportation of traffic with MPLS Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), disaster recovery, as well as many other things, to Internet Service Providers (ISPs), telecommunication carriers, as well as large enterprises. It has the capabilities to do so much that often times it is hard for one to grasp the concept of what MPLS truly is because the information may be so overwhelming. To have a better understanding of multiprotocol label switching, one should know what exactly MPLS is, what lead to its conception, what type of MPLS services and applications are available for use throughout the Internet, the benefits of using MPLS, and the challenges associated with the use of this phenomenal technology. Once one has learned all of the above, then they should have a better understanding of what multiprotocol label switching is and what it has the ability to offer an organization Introduction Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) is a revolutionary packet forwarding Wide Area Network (WAN) technology that exists between Layers 2 and 3 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, which has been classified as Layer 2.5. -
Multi-Protocol Label Switching
1 MULTI-PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING 1.1 INTRODUCTION It is estimated that in the near future, data will account for 80 % of all traffic carried by telecommunications networks. Therefore, the past concept of telephone networks which also carry data will be replaced by the concept of data networks that also carry voice. Lately the telecommunication industry has been highly focused on the leap to IP for telecommunication services. It is foreseen that Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) will be chosen as the bearer of IP in future large backbone networks. Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) [RVC01],[CDF+99] has recently been ac- cepted as a new approach for integrating layer 3 routing (IP) with layer 2 switching technology (Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), Frame relay (FR) and the exten- sion Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) for optical networks). It tries to provide the best of both worlds: the efficiency and simplicity of routing together with the high speed of switching. For this reason MPLS is considered to be a promising technology that 1 2 Chapter 1 addresses the needs of future IP-based networks. It enhances the services that can be provided by IP networks, offering scope for Traffic Engineering (TE), guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS), Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), etc. MPLS does not replace IP routing, but works along with existing and future routing technologies to provide very high-speed data forwarding between Label-Switched Routers(LSRs) together with QoS provision. 1.2 BACKGROUND One challenge in current network research is how to effectively transport IP traffic over any network layer technology (ATM, FR, Ethernet, Point-to-Point). -
The OSI Model and Switching 1
The OSI Model and Switching 1 Chapter I The OSI Model and Switching Vasilios A. Siris Institute of Computer Science–FORTH, Greece In this chapter we give the motivation and basic concepts of the OSI reference model, discuss its seven-layer architecture, the communication between systems using the OSI model, and finally the relationship between the OSI model and multilayer switching. MOTIVATION AND BASIC CONCEPTS The Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model is a framework for defining the conventions and tasks required for network systems to communicate with one another. The work on the OSI model began in the late 1970s, mostly independently, by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee or CCITT (which comes from the translation of the title in French). CCITT has been succeeded by the Telecommunications Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunica- tions Union (ITU-TS). In 1983 the work of the two organizations was combined, and a single document describing the reference model for Open Systems Interconnec- tion was produced. The term “open systems” refers to the fact that the specifications are publicly available to everyone. The purpose of the OSI model was to assist vendors and communications software developers to produce interoperable network systems. Although the OSI model was designed to replace all previous computer communications standards, it is no longer viewed as such a replacement. Rather, the OSI model has succeeded as a tool for describing and defining how heterogeneous network systems communicate. Copyright © 2002, Idea Group Publishing. 2 Siris The OSI model is based on a widely accepted structuring technique called layering. -
Asynchronous Transfer Mode Configuration Guide
Asynchronous Transfer Mode Configuration Guide Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883 © 2016 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Configuring ATM 1 Finding Feature Information 1 Restrictions for Configuring ATM 1 Restrictions for PVC Bundle Management 1 ATM Interface 2 Enabling the ATM Interface 2 VC Bundle Support and Bundle Management 3 How to Configure ATM 4 Configuring a VC Bundle 5 Creating a VC Bundle 5 Applying Parameters to Individual VCs 5 Configuring a VC Bundle Member Directly 5 Configuring VC Class Parameters to Apply to a VC Bundle Member 6 Applying a VC Class to a Discrete VC Bundle Member 6 Configuring a VC Not to Accept Bumped Traffic 6 Monitoring and Maintaining VC Bundles and Their VC Members 7 Applying Bundle-Level Parameters 8 Configuring Bundle-Level Parameters 8 Configuring VC Class Parameters to Apply to a VC Bundle Member 9 Attaching a Class to a Bundle 9 Committing a VC to a Bundle 10 Configuring PVCs 10 Creating a Permanent Virtual Circuit 10 Creating a PVC on a Point-to-Point Subinterface 12 Verifying a Multipoint PVC Configuration 14 Mapping a Protocol Address to a PVC 15 Configuring the AAL and Encapsulation Type 15 Configuring PVC Traffic Parameters 16 Asynchronous Transfer Mode Configuration Guide iii Contents Enabling Inverse ARP 16 Enabling ANCP on an ATM Interface 18 Configuring Loopback Cells to Verify Connectivity 19 Configuring Broadcast on a PVC 20 -
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Fuji 16.9.X (Catalyst 9400 Switches)
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Fuji 16.9.x (Catalyst 9400 Switches) First Published: 2018-07-18 Americas Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.com Tel: 408 526-4000 800 553-NETS (6387) Fax: 408 527-0883 © 2018 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Configuring Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) 1 Multiprotocol Label Switching 1 Finding Feature Information 1 Restrictions for Multiprotocol Label Switching 1 Information about Multiprotocol Label Switching 2 Functional Description of Multiprotocol Label Switching 2 Label Switching Functions 2 Distribution of Label Bindings 2 MPLS Layer 3 VPN 3 Classifying and Marking MPLS QoS EXP 3 How to Configure Multiprotocol Label Switching 4 Configuring a Switch for MPLS Switching 4 Configuring a Switch for MPLS Forwarding 5 Verifying Multiprotocol Label Switching Configuration 6 Verifying Configuration of MPLS Switching 6 Verifying Configuration of MPLS Forwarding 6 Additional References for Multiprotocol Label Switching 9 Feature Information for Multiprotocol Label Switching 9 CHAPTER 2 Configuring MPLS Layer 3 VPN 11 MPLS Layer 3 VPNs 11 Finding Feature Information 11 Prerequisites for MPLS Virtual Private Networks 11 Restrictions for MPLS Virtual Private Networks 12 Information About MPLS Virtual Private Networks 14 MPLS Virtual Private Network Definition 14 Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS XE Fuji 16.9.x (Catalyst 9400 Switches) iii Contents -
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) on Cisco Routers
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) on Cisco Routers This document describes commands for configuring and monitoring Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) functionality on Cisco routers and switches. This document is a companion to other feature modules describing other MPLS applications. This document includes the following sections: • Feature Overview • Supported Standards, MIBs, and RFCs • Configuration Tasks • Glossary The following table outlines the release history of this document over time and the changes made thereto in support of new MPLS/LDP functionality. Release Modification 11.1CT The document supporting this release was titled Tag Switching on Cisco 7000 Family. 12.1(3)T The document supporting this release, titled MPLS Label Switching on Cisco Routers, described a set of generic label switching commands intended for use with Cisco routers and switches. This set of commands marked the beginning of Cisco’s transition from tag-switching command syntax and terminology to the new MPLS IETF command syntax and terminology. 12.1(5)T The document supporting this release described new arguments in the mpls ip propagate-ttl command and added a new mpls ip ttl-expiration pop command. 12.0(14)ST This document describes a new parameter (vrf vpn-name) for the show mpls forwarding-table command and the show mpls interfaces command that provides support for new MPLS VPN functionality for LDP. Americas Headquarters: Cisco Systems, Inc., 170 West Tasman Drive, San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) on Cisco Routers Feature Overview Feature Overview Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) combines the performance and capabilities of Layer 2 (data link layer) switching with the proven scalability of Layer 3 (network layer) routing. -
ATM Networks
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Arjan Durresi Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Email: [email protected] Raj Jain Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 Email: [email protected] Abstract Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is a cell-oriented switching and multiplexing technology that uses fixed-length (53 byte; 48 bytes of data, and 5 bytes of header information) packets — called cells — to carry various types of traffic, such as data, voice, video, multimedia, and so on, through multiple classes of services. ATM is a 1 connection-oriented technology, in which a connection is established between the two endpoints before the actual data exchange begins. ATM provides a highly complex technology, with features intended for applications ranging from global telco networks to private local area computer networks. ATM has been a partial success as a technology, with widespread deployment, but generally only used as a transport for IP traffic; its goal of providing a single integrated end-to-end technology for LANs, public networks, and user services has largely failed. However, as it often happens in technology development, various important ATM concepts have been inherited by other technologies, such as MPLS. To accelerate the deployment of ATM technology, the ATM Forum, a consortium of service providers and equipment vendors in the communication industries was cre- ated to develop implementation and specification agreements. Later, ATM Forum was merged with other industry forums to form MPLS Frame Relay ATM (MFA) forum [23]. In this chapter, we present a brief overview on ATM protocol layers, the current status on Traffic Management, and discuss related technologies such as MPLS, as well as technologies using the ATM protocol layer stack, such as DSL, FTTP, and UMTS. -
Multi Protocol Label Switching: Quality of Service, Traffic Engineering Application, and Virtual Private Network Application
Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses 11-2006 Multi Protocol Label Switching: Quality of Service, Traffic Engineering application, and Virtual Private Network application Akshay Joshi Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation Joshi, Akshay, "Multi Protocol Label Switching: Quality of Service, Traffic Engineering application, and Virtual Private Network application" (2006). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Multi Protocol Label Switching: Quality of Service, Traffic Engineering application, and Virtual Private Network application. November 2006 Thesis By Akshay Joshi Graduate Student Dept: Information Technology Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester Institute of Technology B. Thomas Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences Master of Science in Information Technology Thesis Approval Form Student Name: Akshay Joshi Thesis Title: Multiprotocol Label Switching: Quality of Service, Traffic Engineering, and Virtual Private Networks Thesis Committee Name Signature Date Prof. S Ivia Perez-Hard Sylvia Perez-Hardy Chair Prof. Luther Troell Luther Troell Committee Member Dr. Ashok Jain Ashok M. Jain Committee Member Thesis Reproduction Permission Form Rochester Institute of Technology B. Thomas Golisano College of Computing and Information Sciences Master of Science in Information Technology Multiprotocol Label Switching: Quality of Service, Traffic Engineering, and Virtual Private Networks I, Akshay Joshi, hereby grant permission to the Wallace Library of the Rochester Institute of Technology to reproduce my thesis in whole or in part.