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ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS, MORFOMETRIA E TÉCNICA DE CRIAÇÃO DE Abaris Basistriata CHAUDOIR, 1873 E Selenophorus Seriatoporus PUTZEYS, 1878 (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE)

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ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS, MORFOMETRIA E TÉCNICA DE CRIAÇÃO DE Abaris Basistriata CHAUDOIR, 1873 E Selenophorus Seriatoporus PUTZEYS, 1878 (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA - UNESP CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS, MORFOMETRIA E TÉCNICA DE CRIAÇÃO DE Abaris basistriata CHAUDOIR, 1873 E Selenophorus seriatoporus PUTZEYS, 1878 (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) Crislany de Lima Barbosa Andrade Engenheira Agrônoma 2014 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA - UNESP CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS, MORFOMETRIA E TÉCNICA DE CRIAÇÃO DE Abaris basistriata CHAUDOIR, 1873 E Selenophorus seriatoporus PUTZEYS, 1878 (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) Crislany de Lima Barbosa Andrade Orientador: Prof. Dr. Francisco Jorge Cividanes Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – Unesp, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, como parte das exigências para a obtenção do título de Doutora em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola). 2014 Andrade, Crislany de Lima Barbosa A553a Aspectos biológicos, morfometria e técnica de criação de Abaris basistriata Chaudoir, 1873 e Selenophorus seriatoporus Putzeys, 1878 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) / Crislany de Lima Barbosa Andrade. - - Jaboticabal, 2014 xiv, 64f. ; 28 cm Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2014 Orientador: Francisco Jorge Cividanes Banca Examinadora: Sérgio Ide, Amarildo Pasini, Raphael de Campos Castilho, Arlindo Leal Boiça Junior Bibliografia 1. Carabidae. 2. Aspectos biológicos. 3. Morfometria. 4. Predador. Titulo. II. Jaboticabal-Faculdade de Ciências Agrarias e Veterninárias. CDU 631.95: 595.762 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Seção Técnica de Aquisição e Tratamento da Informação – Serviço Técnico de Biblioteca e Documentação - UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal. ii DADOS CURRICULARES DA AUTORA CRISLANY DE LIMA BARBOSA ANDRADE – nasceu no dia 20 de outubro de 1983, em Dourados, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Em dezembro de 2008 formou-se em Engenharia Agronômica pela Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul - UEMS, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana. Iniciou suas atividades de pesquisa em Entomologia Agrícola em março de 2004, no Laboratório de Entomologia Agrícola da UEMS, Unidade Universitária de Aquidauana, desenvolvendo trabalho sobre biologia, ocorrência e comportamento de Liogenys fuscus Blanchard, 1850 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), sob orientação do professor Dr. Sérgio Roberto Rodrigues. Em março de 2009 ingressou no Curso de Mestrado em Agronomia (Entomologia Agrícola) da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – FCAV/UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, sob orientação do professor Dr. Francisco Jorge Cividanes. Durante o período de realização do Curso de Mestrado foi bolsista da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES, com a aprovação da dissertação intitulada “Dietas e conteúdo alimentar de alguns Carabidae (Coleoptera) observados na região nordeste do Estado de São Paulo”. Iniciou em março de 2011 o Curso de Doutorado em Agronomia pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia Agrícola da FCAV/UNESP. iii “Sem sonhos, a vida não tem brilho. Sem metas, os sonhos não têm alicerces. Sem prioridades, os sonhos não se tornam reais” Augusto Cury iv A Deus, pelo seu grande amor por mim... Aos meus pais José Nunes Barbosa e Neuza Aparecida de Lima Barbosa pelo carinho, amor, conselhos, palavras de incentivo, apoio e orações. Aos meus irmãos Aldenir de Lima Barbosa, Eliel de Lima Barbosa, Márcia de Lima Barbosa Silvino e Elaine de Lima Barbosa Bastos pela amizade e companheirismo desses anos todos. Dedico... Ao meu esposo Daniel Júnior de Andrade pela força, carinho, amor e incentivo para terminar mais essa etapa de minha vida. Ofereço... v AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, por ser meu refúgio e a minha fortaleza em todos os momentos de minha vida. Ao Prof. Dr. Francisco Jorge Cividanes pela orientação, incentivo e por todos os seus ensinamentos que contribuíram para a minha vida profissional. À Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Câmpus de Jaboticabal, pela oportunidade de realização do Curso de Doutorado. À Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), pela concessão de bolsa de estudos. À Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), pelo auxílio financeiro concendido (Processo nº 2012/11687-4). Ao Prof. Dr. José Carlos Barbosa, do Departamento de Ciências Exatas da FCAV/UNESP, pela orientação nas análises estatísticas. Aos professores do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, área de concentração Entomologia Agrícola da FCAV/UNESP: Julio César Galli, Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior, Gilberto José de Moraes, Nelson Wanderley Perioto e Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk, pelo aprendizado durante as disciplinas cursadas. Aos professores do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, área de concentração Entomologia Agrícola da FCAV/UNESP: Sérgio Antonio de Bortoli, Nilza Maria Martinelli, Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior e Guilherme Duarte Rossi, pela contribuição no trabalho do exame de qualificação. vi Aos funcionários do Departamento de Fitossanidade da FCAV/UNESP, Lígia D. T. Fiorezzi e Alex Antonio Ribeiro, pela amizade e ajuda concedida. À Sidinéia Terezinha Soares de Matos e Patrícia Otsuji, estagiárias do Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos da FCAV/UNESP, pelo inestimável auxílio na condução dos experimentos e também pela amizade. Aos colegas do Laboratório de Ecologia de insetos: Laís da Conceição dos Santos, Tatiana de Oliveira Ramos, Alessandra Karina Otuka, Ivan Carlos Fernandes Martins, Robson José da Silva, Ezequias Teófilo Correia, Danilo Henrique da Matta e Mariana Nardin Batista. E a todos que de alguma forma colaboraram para a realização deste trabalho. Muito Obrigada! vii SUMÁRIO Página Lista de Figuras................................................................................................... ix Lista de Tabelas................................................................................................... xi RESUMO............................................................................................................. 1 ABSTRACT…...................................................................................................... 2 1. INTRODUÇÃO.................................................................................................. 3 2. REVISÃO DE LITERATURA............................................................................. 5 2.1 Aspectos gerais da família Carabidae........................................................ 5 2.2 Aspectos ecológicos de Carabidae............................................................. 7 2.3 Hábitos alimentares de Carabidae.............................................................. 8 2.4 Controle biológico....................................................................................... 10 2.5 Aspectos morfológicos de Carabidae......................................................... 13 3. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS................................................................................. 15 3.1 Manutenção de adultos e obtenção de ovos.............................................. 15 3.2 Criação de Tenebrio molitor........................................................................ 17 3.3 Experimento preliminar para determinar a umidade a ser utilizada nos substratos para criação das larvas dos carabídeos.............................................. 17 3.4 Ciclo biológico completo de Abaris basistriata e Selenophorus seriatoporus em diferentes substratos de criação................................................ 19 3.5 Preferência de oviposição em teste com chance de escolha..................... 21 3.6 Profundidade de postura no solo de A. basistriata e S. seriatoporus......... 23 3.7 Preferência alimentar e consumo de T. molitor.......................................... 24 3.8 Estudos morfométricos e aspectos morfológicos de carabídeos................ 25 4. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO........................................................................ 26 4.1 Experimento preliminar para determinar a umidade a ser utilizada nos substratos para criação das larvas dos carabídeos.............................................. 26 4.2 Ciclo biológico completo de A. basistriata e S. seriatoporus em diferentes substratos de criação........................................................................... 28 4.3 Preferência de oviposição em teste com chance de escolha..................... 39 4.4 Profundidade de postura no solo de A. basistriata e S. seriatoporus......... 41 viii 4.5 Preferência alimentar e capacidade de consumo de T. molitor.................. 43 4.6 Morfometria e aspectos morfológicos de carabídeos................................. 45 5. CONCLUSÕES................................................................................................. 56 6. REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS................................................................. 57 ix LISTA DE FIGURAS Página 1 Vista superior do recipiente dividido por silicone em duas partes, uma contendo substrato solo e a outra com papel e algodão, utilizados na criação de Abaris basistriata Chaudoir, 1873 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalinae: Pterostichini) e Selenophorus seriatoporus Putzeys, 1878 (Harpalinae: Harpalini)...................................................... 16 2 Recipientes plásticos com guardanapo de papel (A), vermiculita fina (B) e solo (C) utilizados para criação das larvas de Abaris basistriata Chaudoir, 1873 (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalinae: Pterostichini) e Selenophorus seriatoporus Putzeys, 1878 (Harpalinae: Harpalini)..................................................................................................
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