Initial and Continuous Mathematics Teacher Preparation in Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and Venezuela
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CANP National Report Series #2 Initial and Continuous Mathematics Teacher Preparation in Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and Venezuela Report on the Initial and Continuing Preparation in Central America and the Caribbean. CANP Project, Costa Rica. Table of Contents Forward .................................................................................................................................. 5 Colombia: Mathematics Education and Teacher Preparation. Consolidating a Professional and Scientific Field .................................................................................................................. 6 1 The Education System in Colombia and School Mathematics .................................................................. 7 1.1 Features of the Education System in Colombia ......................................................................................... 7 1.2 Mathematics in the School Curriculum ........................................................................................................ 8 2 The Preparation of Mathematics Teachers in Colombia´s Historical Context ..................................... 9 2.1 The Initial Preparation of Mathematics Teachers .................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 Teacher Preparation for Lower and Upper Secondary Education ............................................................. 9 2.1.2 Teacher Preparation for Elementary Education ............................................................................................. 11 2.2 Additional Considerations ......................................................................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 The Structure of Mathematics Teacher Preparation in Colombia ............................................................ 12 2.2.2 Recruiting Students for Initial Teacher Preparation Programs ................................................................ 12 2.2.3 Face-to-Face Instruction as the Main Mode of Delivery .............................................................................. 12 2.3 The Continuing Development of Mathematics Teachers .............................................................................. 13 2.3.1 Programs for Specialization in Mathematics Education, or Mathematics and Physics ................. 13 2.3.2 Master’s Degree Programs in Education ............................................................................................................ 13 2.3.3 Doctoral Programs ....................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.3.4 The Diversity of Approaches ................................................................................................................................... 14 3 Some Mathematics Education Achievements and Challenges in Colombia .......................................... 14 4 Final Considerations ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 5 References and Bibliography .................................................................................................................................... 16 6 Appendix: Meanings of Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... 17 Costa Rica: The Initial and Continuing Preparation of Mathematics Teachers ........................ 18 1 General Description of the Education System ..................................................................................................... 19 2 Main Stages of the History of Education in Costa Rica ................................................................................... 19 3 Initial Preparation of Teachers ...................................................................................................................... 21 4 Continuing Preparation ................................................................................................................................................ 22 4.1 Preparation and Professional Development Grades 1 to 8 ................................................................ 22 4.1.1 Public Universities ........................................................................................................................................................ 22 4.2 Preparation and Professional Development for Secondary Education ............................................. 23 4.2.1 Professional Development in Events Sponsored by Universities and Mathematics Education Associations ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 5 Research in Mathematics Education ....................................................................................................................... 23 6 New Programs and Reform in Mathematics Education .................................................................................. 24 7 Strengths, Weaknesses, Threats and Main Challenges .................................................................................... 26 8 Closing Statements .......................................................................................................................................................... 27 9 References and Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................... 27 10 Appendix: Meanings of Acronyms ............................................................................................................................ 28 Dominican Republic: The Initial and Continuing Preparation of Teachers .............................. 29 1 Brief Description of the Education System in the Dominican Republic ................................................... 30 2 Some Historical Facts Relevant to the History of Education in the Dominican Republic ................ 30 3 The Initial Preparation of Teachers ......................................................................................................................... 31 3.1 The Structure of the Initial Preparation of Teachers ................................................................................... 31 3.1.1 The Elementary Education Program .................................................................................................................... 32 3.1.2 The Secondary Education Program with a Major in Mathematics and Physics ................................. 32 4 Continuing Professional Development ................................................................................................................... 33 5 Research in Mathematics Education ....................................................................................................................... 34 6 Relation between Initial and Continuing Preparation, and the School Mathematics Curriculum 35 7 Main Strengths, Weaknesses, Threats and Challenges .................................................................................... 35 8 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................................................ 36 9 References and Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................... 37 10 Appendix: Meanings of Acronyms ............................................................................................................................ 37 Venezuela: Initial and Continuing Preparation of the Mathematics Teacher ......................... 38 1 The Venezuelan Education System .......................................................................................................................... 39 2 Teacher Preparation in Venezuela ........................................................................................................................... 39 2.1 Origins and Historical Evolution .................................................................................................................. 39 2.2 The Initial Preparation of the Mathematics Teacher ............................................................................ 40 3 The Continuing and Graduate Preparation of the Mathematics Teacher ........................................... 42 3.1 Entities in Charge of Graduate Preparation ........................................................................................... 43 3.2 Content, Methodologies and the Populations in Graduate Preparation in Math Education ....... 43 4 Research in Mathematics Education and Academic Networks in Relation to Initial and Continuing Teacher Preparation .......................................................................................................................... 43 4.1 Programs and Lines of Research .................................................................................................................. 43 4.2 The Relation Preparation-Research ............................................................................................................ 44 5 Initial and Continuing Preparation, and the School Curriculum