Expert Panel Examines Obesity Crisis in U.S
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NOVEMBER 13 • 2009 TheWeekly PUBLISHED FOR THE USC HEALTH SCIENCES CAMPUS COMMUNITY VOLUME 15 • NUMBER 35 “I’ve been studying [obesity] for 20 years, and if you put French fries in front of me, I’ll eat them... We are wired to Jon Nalick eat. Reversing the cues and training Expert panel examines obesity crisis in U.S. people [to eat By Leslie Ridgeway cans would make better food well] is hard.” Lifestyle, environment and choices if the options were evolutionary cues to pack on more readily available and calories even when food is faulted poor urban planning — Michael Goran, plentiful were among the fac- and the fact that healthy food founding director of tors blamed for sharp increases is more expensive than fast the USC Childhood in obesity and obesity-related food. But unconscious inner problems in Americans when urgings to eat more in prepara- Obesity Research the Southern California Lead- tion for possible famine may Center ership Panel discussion “The also play a role. Obesity Crisis in America” King, commenting on a took place Friday, Nov. 6, at question about why it’s hard to the Health Sciences Campus. stay on a diet, noted that even CNN talk show host Larry he, a heart attack survivor, King moderated the annual couldn’t say no to two pieces discussion in front of a full of carrot cake at his wife’s house at the Aresty Confer- birthday party. Goran noted Jon Nalick ence Center. The panel of that King isn’t alone. Top photo, from left: talk show host and moderator Larry King; author and television healthcare experts included “I’ve been studying [obe- chef Devin Alexander; Prediman K. (PK) Shah, director of Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute’s Michael Goran, founding di- sity] for 20 years, and if you division of cardiology; Karol Watson, co-director of the UCLA Center for Cholesterol rector of the USC Childhood put French fries in front of and Lipid Management; Michael Goran, founding director of the USC Childhood Obesity Research Center; and nutrition specialist Melina Jampolis. Bottom photo: King Obesity Research Center. me, I’ll eat them,” said Goran. asks a question about obesity and its impact on individuals and society. Panelists agreed that Ameri- See OBESITY, page 3 Pollution’s impact may be underestimated USC study shows cost-effectiveness of sheltering Los Angeles homeless By Meghan Lewit complex contributed to the and deputy director of the By Meghan Lewit Heavy traffic corridors in exacerbation of asthma. For Children’s Environmental Placing four chronically portive housing environment. the cities of Long Beach and example, about 1,400 yearly Health Center at USC. homeless people into per- Investigators found that the Riverside are responsible episodes of asthma-related “The traditional approach manent supportive housing total cost of public services for a significant proportion bronchitis episodes in Long to estimating the burden of in Los Angeles resulted in spent on the four individuals of preventable childhood Beach (21 percent of the air pollution-related disease more than $80,000 per year during two years living on the asthma, and the true impact total) were caused by the has markedly underesti- in savings to taxpayers and street was $187,288. The cost of air pollution and ship contribution of ship emis- mated the true effect,” improved quality of life for of public services dropped by emissions on the disease has sions to nitrogen dioxide McConnell said. “Our the individuals, according to more than $20,000 per person likely been underestimated, levels in the city. results indicate that there is a recent study led by Michael during two subsequent years according to researchers at Although there has been a substantial proportion of R. Cousineau, associate pro- spent in stable, permanent USC. extensive research on the childhood asthma that may fessor of preventive medicine housing. The study, which appears effects of traffic proximity be caused by living within at the Keck School of Medi- “By looking at the indi- in an online edition of the on asthma risk, this study 75 meters (81 yards) of a cine, and Heather Lander, vidual stories behind these American Journal of Public is one of the few that has major road in Long Beach Project Specialist at the USC numbers, we were able to Health, estimated that nine estimated the number and Riverside. This results Center for Community Health understand the real social, percent of all childhood of cases—or “burden of in a much larger impact Studies. financial and health factors asthma cases in Long Beach disease”—associated with of air pollution on asthma The Homeless Cost impacting the homeless,” and six percent in Riverside traffic in specific high risk symptoms and health care Study—a collaboration be- Cousineau said. “There were attributable to traffic communities, said principal use than previously appreci- tween the Center for Commu- are more homeless in Los proximity. investigator Rob McCon- ated. This is also one of the nity Health Studies and the Angeles than in any other The study also found that nell, professor of preven- first studies to quantify the United Way of Greater Los city in the nation, and there ship emissions from the Los tive medicine at the Keck contribution of ship emis- Angeles—profiled four previ- is compelling evidence that Angeles-Long Beach port School of Medicine of USC See POLLUTION, page 2 ously homeless individuals getting people off the street who had been placed in a sup- See HOMELESS, page 3 NOVEMBER 13 • 2009 Six physician assistant students named NHSC scholars By Steve Arbuckle The U.S. Bureau of Health Professions recently named six USC Primary Care Physician Assistant Program students Na- tional Health Service Corps (NHSC) Scholars. The competitive federal program, which awards scholarships to students pursuing primary care health professions training, attracted 2,000 applicants this year. Only 200 students were named as scholars, with 24 enrolled in studies leading to physi- cian assistant practice. Second-year students Tina Carbajal, Rachel Newgard, Anoosheh Nikkar and first-year students Jessica Jimenez, Ernest Oriz Jr. and Susanne Valenti earned the distinction because of their diverse skills and experiences, and their commitments to serving the health care needs of medically underserved commu- nities. NHSC Scholars receive support for 100 percent of their tuition, fees, other educational costs and a monthly stipend. In return, scholars agree to provide one year of service in health Steve Arbuckle professional shortage areas of greatest need for each school year NHSC Scholars: Back row, (from left) Ernest Ortiz Jr., Jessica Jimenez, Susanne Val- or partial school year of scholarship support received. enti. Front row (from left) Rachel Newgard, Tina Carbajal and Anoosheh Nikkar. POLLUTION: Air pollution shown to be greater contributor to childhood asthma than generally recognized Continued from page 1 corridors, as well as truck Researchers estimated the burden of childhood asthma in Spain and the University sions to the childhood asthma traffic and regional pollu- number of asthma cases and than is generally recognized, of Basel in Switzerland, was burden.” tion originating in the port related complications that especially to more severe supported by the National Such specific data about complex, which is the largest occurred because of air pollu- episodes requiring visits to a Institute of Environmental the local health burden of air in the United States. tion, using information from clinic or emergency room.” Health Sciences, the U.S. pollution is useful for evaluat- The study drew upon data epidemiological studies that Unlike regional air pollut- Environmental Protection ing proposals to expand port from the Children’s Health they then applied to current ants, the local traffic-related Agency, the South Coast Air facilities or transportation Study, a longitudinal study exposure to air pollution and pollutants around homes and Quality Management District, infrastructure in the L.A. area, of respiratory health among traffic in Southern California. their effects are not currently the Hastings Foundation, McConnell noted. Both Long children in 12 Southern Cali- The results showed that regulated, he noted. the Center for Research in Beach and Riverside already fornia communities, including approximately 1,600 cases of “This is a challenge to Environmental Epidemiol- have heavy automobile traffic Riverside and Long Beach. childhood asthma in Long communities, to regula- ogy (Switzerland) and the Beach and 690 in Riverside tory agencies and to public Fundacion Insitut Municipal could be linked to living health,” McConnell said. d’Investigacio Medica (Bar- within 81 yards of a major “Traffic-related health effects celona). road. should have a central role on The authors acknowledged “The impact of roadway the transportation planning the insights of the staff and proximity on the overall bur- agenda.” members of the Long Beach den of asthma-related illness The study, an international Alliance for Children with is remarkable,” McConnell collaboration between USC, Asthma and the Center for said. “Air pollution is a more the Center for Research in Community Action and important contributor to the Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Justice. Keck School bolsters clinical curriculum, student experience Students completing their III and IV clinical curriculum. interviewing and physical clinical rotations at LAC+USC To bolster students’ exam skills.” Medical Center have a lot to learning experiences, the According to the 2009 talk about. Internal Medicine rotation for Independent Student SUPPORTING CANCER RESEARCH—Run 4 Her Life, a run/walk held Oct. 18 in Glendale, raised funds to support the Harold E. and Henrietta C. Lee To ensure that Keck medical students transitioned Assessment conducted by Breast Center, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and the research School of Medicine students from three weeks of inpatient Keck medical students, of Michael Press, Harold E. Lee Chair in Cancer Research and professor of receive excellent clinical and three weeks of outpatient students agree that these pathology.