Appendix C USFWS Laughing Gulls Spend Their Summers and Falls on Refuge Beaches

Appendix C USFWS Laughing gulls spend their summers and falls on Refuge beaches Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Species List — Birds Species and Relative Abundance Family Group Seasonal Occurrence Common Name Scientifi c Name Sp Su F W Loons Red -throated Loon Gavia stellata U U U Common Loon Gavia immer U O C U Grebes *Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps C U C C Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus U U U Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena O O R Fulmars, Petrels and Shearwa- ters Cory’s Shearwater Colonectris diomedea R R Greater Shearwater Puffi nus gravis O O Sooty Shearwater Puffi nus carneipes O O Storm-Petrels Wilson’s Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus O Boobies and Gannets Northern Gannet Sula bassanus C C C Pelicans American White Pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos R R R Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis C C C O Cormorants Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus A U A U Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo R R R Bitterns, Herons and Egrets *American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus U U U U *Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis U U O *Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias C C C C Great Egret Casmerodius albus C C C U Snowy Egret Egretta thula C C C U Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea U C C U Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor U U U R *Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis O U O R *Green Heron Butorides virescens U U U O *Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax U U U O *Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax violaceus O O O R Ibises and Spoonbills White Ibis Eudocimus albus O O O R Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus U C C R Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge C-1 Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Family Group Seasonal Occurrence Common Name Scientifi c Name Sp Su F W New World Vultures Black Vulture Coragypus atratus OO O O Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura C C C O Swans, Geese and Ducks Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor R R Snow Goose Chen caerulescens U C A *Canada Goose Branta canadensis C U U C Brant Branta bernicla R Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus U R U C *Gadwall Anas strepera C O C C Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope R R R American Wigeon Anas americana U U C *American Black Duck Anas rubripes C U C C *Mallard Anas platyrhynchos C U C C *Blue-winged Teal Anas discors C U C O Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata U U U Northern Pintail Anas acuta O U C C Green-winged Teal Anas crecca U C C Canvasback Aythya valisineria R R R Redhead Aythya americana R R R Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris O O U Greater Scaup Aythya marila O O O Lesser Scaup Aythya affi nis U U U King Eider Somateria spectabilis R Common Eider Comateria mollissima O Surf Scoter Melanitta perspicillata U C U White-winged Scoter Melanitta fusca O U U Black Scoter Melanitta nigra U C U Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis O O O Buffl ehead Bucephala albbeola O U U Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula O O O Hooded Merganser Lophodytes cucullatus OR O O Common Merganser Mergus merganser R R R Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator CR U A Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis U U U Osprey, Kites, Hawks and Eagles *Osprey Pandion haliaetus CC C R Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forfi catus O C-2 Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Family Group Seasonal Occurrence Common Name Scientifi c Name Sp Su F W Osprey, Kites, Hawks and Eagles (cont.) *Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus UU O U Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus CU C C Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus CR C U Copper’s Hawk Accipiter cooperii O U U Northern Goshawk Accipiter cgentilis R *Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo lineatus UU U U Broad-winged Hawk Buter platypterus O O Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis UU U U Rough-legged Hawk Buteo lagopus R R Falcons and Caracaras *American Kestrel Falco sparverius CU C U Merlin Falco columbarius U C O Peregrine Falcon Falco mexicanus U O U O Gallinaceous Birds *Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus C C C U Rails Yellow Rail Coturnicops noveboracensis R R R R Black Rail Latterallus jamaicensis U U U *Clapper Rail Rallus longirostris U U U O *King Rail Rallus elegans U U U U *Virginia Rail Rallus limicola C U C U Sora Porzana carolina U R U U Rails Continued Purple Gallinule Porphyrula martinica R R R *Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus O O O O American Coot Fulica americana U RU U Cranes Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis R O Plovers Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola C C C O American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica O O Wilson’s Plover Charadrius wilsonia R R R Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus C U C U Piping Plover Charadrius alexandrinus O R O *Killdeer Charadrius vociferus U U U O Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge C-3 Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Family Group Seasonal Occurrence Common Name Scientifi c Name Sp Su F W Oystercatchers American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus R R Stilts and Avocets Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus O OR American Avocet Recurvirostra americana O RO Sandpipers and Phalaropes Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca A C C U Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa fl avipes A C C U Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria O O O Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus U R U R Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia U O U R Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda O O O Whimbrel Numerius phaeopus U O U R Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica R R Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa O R R Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres C O C R Red Knot Calidris canutus U O U R Sanderling Calidris alba A C A C Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla C O C R Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri U U C O Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla C R C O White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis U R U Baird’s Sandpiper Calidris bairdii R Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotus U UR Dunlin Calidris alpina U U CU Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus R O O Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryncites subrufi collis R R Ruff Philomachus pugnax R R Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus C U C Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus O O O Wilson’s Snipe Gallinago delicata C U C U American Woodcock Scolopax minor U O U U Wilson’s Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor R R R Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus R R R Skuas, Jaegers, Gulls and Terns Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus R R R Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus R R R C-4 Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Family Group Seasonal Occurrence Common Name Scientifi c Name Sp Su F W Skuas, Jaegers, Gulls and Terns (cont.) Laughing Gull Larus atricilla U C C O Little Gull Larus minutus R R Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus R R R Bonaparte’s Gull Larus philadelphia U O U Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis A A A A Herring Gull Larus argentatus C U C U Iceland Gull Larus glaucoides R R R Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus C C C U Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus R R R Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus C O C C Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla R R R Gull-billed Tern Sterna nilotica O O O Caspian Tern Sterna caspia U O U Royal Tern Sterna maxima C C C R Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis U U U Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii R R Common Tern Sterna hirundo U C C O Forster’s Tern Sterna forsteri C U C O Least Tern Sterna antillarum U U U Black Tern Childonias niger O O O Black Skimmer Rynchops niger O O O Auks and Puffi ns Razorbill Alca torda R Pigeons and Doves *Rock Dove Columba livia O O O O *Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura C C C U Cuckoos and Anis Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erthropthalmus RR R *Yellow-billed Cuckoo coccyzus americanus UU U Owls *Barn Owl Tyto alba OO O O *Eastern Screech-Owl Otus asio UU U U *Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus UU U U *Barred Owl Strix varia OO O O Short-eared Owl Asio fl ammeus R R R Northern Saw-whet Owl Aegolius acadicus R O Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge C-5 Appendix C: Species and Habitats of Conservation Concern Known or Suspected on the Refuge Family Group Seasonal Occurrence Common Name Scientifi c Name Sp Su F W Nightjars Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor UU *Chuck-will’s-widow Caprimulgus carolinensis CC U Swifts *Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica CU U Hummingbirds *Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris CU O Kingfi shers *Belted Kingfi sher Ceryle alcyon CC C U Woodpeckers *Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus UU U U *Red-bellied Woodpecker Melanerpes carolinus UU U U Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius O O O *Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens UU U U *Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus OO O O *Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus CU C U *Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus UU U U Flycatchers *Eastern Wood-Pewee Contoopus virens UU U Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax fl aviventris R R Acadian Flycatcher Empidonax virescens O O Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum O O Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii O O Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus U *Eastern Phoebe Saorynis phoebe UU U U *Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus UU U Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis R *Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus CU C Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus forfi catus RR Shrikes Loggerhead Shrike Lanus ludovicianus R R R Vireos

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