Usaha Jasa Pariwisata(Jilid2)

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Usaha Jasa Pariwisata(Jilid2) 2 2 8 0 29.854,00 Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Departemen Pendidikan Nasional U.E. Wardhani, dkk. USAHAUSAHA JJASAASA PPARIWISAARIWISATTAA JILID 2 SMK RI HAN U DA W Y T A U N Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan T I Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Hak Cipta pada Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Dilindungi Undang-Undang USAHAUSAHA JJASAASA PPARIWISAARIWISATTAA JILID 2 Untuk SMK Penulis : U.E. Wardhani Viverawati Mustafa Editor : J. Handoyo Perancang Kulit : TIM Ukuran Buku : 17,6 × 25 cm WAR WARDHANI, U.E. u Usaha Jasa Pariwisata Jilid 2 untuk SMK/oleh U.E. Wardhani, Viverawati, Mustafa ---- Jakarta: Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan, Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, 2008. viii, 300 hlm Daftar Pustaka : Lampiran A. Glosarium : Lampiran B. ISBN : 978-979-060-166-6 ISBN : 978-979-060-168-0 Diterbitkan oleh Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Tahun 2008 Diperbanyak oleh: PT. MACANAN JAYA CEMERLANG Jalan Ki Hajar Dewantoro Klaten Utara, Klaten 57438, PO Box 181 Telp. (0272) 322440, Fax. (0272) 322603 ii E-mail:[email protected] KATA SAMBUTAN Puji syukur kami panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, berkat rahmat dan karunia-Nya, Pemerintah, dalam hal ini, Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, telah melaksanakan kegiatan penulisan buku kejuruan sebagai bentuk dari kegiatan pembelian hak cipta buku teks pelajaran kejuruan bagi siswa SMK. Karena buku-buku pelajaran kejuruan sangat sulit didapatkan di pasaran. Buku teks pelajaran ini telah melalui proses penilaian oleh Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan sebagai buku teks pelajaran untuk SMK dan telah dinyatakan memenuhi syarat kelayakan untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran melalui Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Nomor 45 Tahun 2008 tanggal 15 Agustus 2008. Kami menyampaikan penghargaan yang setinggi-tingginya kepada seluruh penulis yang telah berkenan mengalihkan hak cipta karyanya kepada Departemen Pendidikan Nasional untuk digunakan secara luas oleh para pendidik dan peserta didik SMK. Buku teks pelajaran yang telah dialihkan hak ciptanya kepada Departemen Pendidikan Nasional ini, dapat diunduh (download), digandakan, dicetak, dialihmediakan, atau difotokopi oleh masyarakat. Namun untuk penggandaan yang bersifat komersial harga penjualannya harus memenuhi ketentuan yang ditetapkan oleh Pemerintah. Dengan ditayangkan soft copy ini diharapkan akan lebih memudahkan bagi masyarakat khususnya para pendidik dan peserta didik SMK di seluruh Indonesia maupun sekolah Indonesia yang berada di luar negeri untuk mengakses dan memanfaatkannya sebagai sumber belajar. Kami berharap, semua pihak dapat mendukung kebijakan ini. Kepada para peserta didik kami ucapkan selamat belajar dan semoga dapat memanfaatkan buku ini sebaik- baiknya. Kami menyadari bahwa buku ini masih perlu ditingkatkan mutunya. Oleh karena itu, saran dan kritik sangat kami harapkan. Jakarta, 17 Agustus 2008 Direktur Pembinaan SMK iii iv PENGANTAR PENULIS Pengadaan buku referensi bagi guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK), khususnya Bidang Keahlian Usaha Jasa Pariwisata, yang diupayakan oleh Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Kejuruan, diharapkan akan membantu memberikan tambahan sumber materi pemelajaran di SMK. Mengingat bahwa buku-buku referensi khususnya untuk bidang keahlian Usaha Jasa Pariwisata masih sangat langka. Buku ini berisi inti materi dari Standar Kompetensi Lulusan yang dijabarkan dari SKKNI – UJP, hal ini sejalan dengan diberlakukannya kebijakan Pendidikan Nasional tentang Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP), yang salah satu acuannya adalah Tuntutan Dunia Kerja, yaitu membekali peserta didik untuk memasuki dunia kerja sesuai dengan tingkat pengembangan peserta didik dan kebutuhan dunia kerja, khususnya bagi mereka yang tidak melanjutkan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi. Dari 30 kompetensi yang tertera dalam Standar Kompetensi Lulusan terdapat tujuh (7) kompetensi yang memuat Kecakapan Hidup, meliputi: personal skills, social skills, academic skills, dan vocational skill tercakup dalam Bab 1, sedangkan 27 kompetensi lain di clustering ke dalam 3 bidang kerja Ticketing, Tour Guiding dan Perencanaan Pengoperasian Wisata (Bab 2, 3, dan 4). Walaupun buku ini sudah memuat masukan/informasi dari rekan-rekan Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata (STP) dan dunia industri, pengguna buku ini mutlak harus tetap mengikuti gerak dinamika teknologi yang dalam dunia pariwisata yang begitu cepat berkembang ke arah modernisasi. Untuk itu, kami selaku penyusun buku ini, dengan segala senang hati demi kualitas materi dan kualitas lulusan (sekaligus juga calon- calon insan pariwisata), akan menerima masukan dan saran untuk pengayaan materi. Untuk memenuhi Standar Kompetensi Lulusan, diharapkan para pengelola pendidikan di SMK – UJP mampu menjalin kerjasama dengan dunia industri yang berstandar/level nasional atau internasional agar dapat memberikan peluang untuk melaksanakan prakerin bagi siswa dan magang guru di industri terkait. Uji Kompetensi yang akan dilakukan, dianjurkan sesuai dengan prinsip pembelajaran berbasis kompetensi, dapat dilakukan sekaligus dengan unit-unit kompetensi terkait dan sesuai dengan bidang pekerjaan di dunia kerja. Buku teks Usaha Jasa Pariwisata ini terdiri atas dua jilid yang merupakan satu rangkaian pembelajaran. Buku Usaha Jasa Pariwisata Jilid I terdiri atas dua bab yang membahas tentang Karakteristik Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Industri Pariwisata, Reservasi dan Penerbangan. Buku Usaha Jasa Pariwisata Jilid II terdiri atas tiga bab yang mengulas tentang Pemanduan Wisata, Perencanaan dan Operasional Perjalanan Wisata, dan Menyelenggarakan Suatu Acara. Kedua jilid buku tersebut mampu memberikan pemahaman yang menyeluruh dan komprehensif kepada peserta didik dan pendidik tentang Usaha Jasa Pariwisata. Akhirnya, kepada semua pihak yang telah berjasa dalam penyusunan buku ini kami ucapkan terima kasih. Penulis v vi DAFTAR ISI Halaman Kata Sambutan ................................................................................................... iii Pengantar Penulis ............................................................................................... v Daftar Isi .............................................................................................................. vii BAB III Pemanduan Wisata (Tour Guiding).................................................. 225 Informasi Umum .................................................................................. 226 Peta Kompetensi ................................................................................. 227 Daftar Kompetensi Lulusan ................................................................. 228 1. Profesi Pramuwisata .................................................................... 229 2. Persiapan dan Teknik Pemanduan ............................................... 242 3. Layanan Transfer .......................................................................... 275 4. Layanan Pemanduan .................................................................... 305 5. Contoh Beberapa Objek Wisata Sebagai Informasi Pemanduan 320 BAB IV Perencanaan dan Operasional Perjalanan Wisata ........................ 367 Informasi umum .................................................................................. 367 Peta Kompetensi ................................................................................. 369 Daftar Kompetensi Lulusan ................................................................. 370 1. Biro Perjalanan Wisata ................................................................. 371 2. Jenis-Jenis Tour dan Pengelompokan Wisatawan ....................... 382 3. Paket Perjalanan Wisata .............................................................. 385 4. Menyusun Paket Wisata ............................................................... 392 5. Perbedaan Berwisata dengan Memanfaatkan Paket Tour dan Berwisata Tanpa Menggunakan Jasa Biro Perjalanan .................. 393 6. Menentukan Komponen Paket Wisata/Layanan Jasa Pemasok .. 397 7. Menentukan Tujuan Penyusunan Paket Tour ................................ 401 8. Distribution of Time dan Fungsi Itinerary ...................................... 407 9. Penghitungan Harga Paket Wisata (Tour Costing) ....................... 416 10. Pemasaran Produk Industri Pariwisata......................................... 437 11. Peranan Promosi dalam Menjual Paket Perjalanan Wisata.......... 444 12. Negosiasi dengan Pemasok ......................................................... 447 13. Konversi Nilai Tukar Mata Uang .................................................... 451 vii 14. Menentukan Harga dan Memasarkan Produk ............................... 453 15. Menawarkan Harga dalam Transaksi Penjualan ........................... 461 16. Memperbaharui Harga Produk Wisata .......................................... 468 17. Menyusun Laporan Keuangan ...................................................... 479 18 Melakukan Prosedur ..................................................................... 487 Tugas dan Soal ................................................................................... 497 BAB V Menyelenggarakan Suatu Acara .....................................................
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