Luke: One Man for All Mankind The Beloved Physician I. Introduction by HEROD ANTIPAS. HEROD AGRIPPA A. History I died, eaten of worms, at age 54. 1. Timeline (A.D.) 1 45 PAUL, BARNABAS and JOHN MARK 36 STEPHEN was stoned to death, visited Jerusalem from Antioch. JAMES becoming the first Christian martyr. SAUL wrote his epistle. MATTHEW went to (PAUL the Apostle) was converted on the Persia. road to Damascus. PONTIUS PILATE was 46 PAUL was at Antioch. sent to Rome for misadministration. 48 PAUL and BARNABAS began their first Figure 1: Icon of St. missionary journey. Luke 49 THOMAS, JUDE 37 PAUL was at and BARTHOLOMEW Damascus. The first went to India where church in Europe was they ministered in started in Glastonbury, Nisibis, Malebar, England by JOSEPH of Socotora, Camboia and Arimathea. FLAVIUS Mogar. They even went JOSEPHUS was born. to Cataio, Bisnaga and 38 PAUL fled from China. Damascus, went to 50 PAUL and Jerusalem, then to BARNABAS attended Tarsus. the Council at 39 JOSEPH of Jerusalem. MATTHEW Arimathea and SIMON wrote his gospel. ZELOTES went to 51 PAUL and SILAS Avalon in Britain and began a second established a church missionary journey. there. PAUL met the Gentile 40 IGNATIUS physician, LUKE at succeeded SIMON Troas. BARNABAS PETER at Antioch. and JOHN MARK 43 London was founded. ministered in Syria and Cilicia. 44 PAUL was at Antioch. The disciples of 52 PAUL wrote “First Thessalonians” from Christ were first called “Christians” at Corinth. THOMAS was killed in Antioch. SIMON PETER went to Caesarea Cranganore, India by Brahmin priests who from Joppa and CORNELIUS was knocked him to the ground and stuck him converted. SIMON PETER also ministered through with a lance. GAMALIEL the in Bithynia, Cappadocia and Galatia. Pharisee died. JAMES, son of ZEBEDEE, was beheaded

1A Chronology Of Biblical Christianity. by Dr. R.C. Wetzel, 1995.

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53 PAUL wrote “Second Thessalonians” and his brains beaten out with a fuller’s from Corinth. club. He was buried on the Mount of Olives. 54 PAUL and SILAS began a third 63 PAUL was released from prison at Rome missionary journey. PHILIP, after having and went to Macedonia and Asia Minor, ministered in France, was pierced through writing “First Timothy” from Macedonia the thighs and hung upside down on a cross and “Titus” from Ephesus. until he died at Heliopolis in Phrygia at the 64 PAUL visited Spain. PETER wrote “First age of 87. Peter” from Babylon. After having 57 PAUL wrote “First Corinthians” from ministered with ANDREW in Armenia, Ephesus, “Second Corinthians” from MATTHIAS, the apostle who took JUDAS’ Macedonia, and “Galatians” from Corinth. place, returned to Jerusalem where he was 58 PAUL wrote “Romans” from Corinth. stoned and beheaded. A great fire burned PAUL was arrested at Rome on July 19th. Jerusalem and sent to NERO persecuted the Caesarea. Christians. 59 PAUL was tried 65 PAUL was in Spain before ANTONIUS and Britain. JOHN FELIX at Caesarea. MARK wrote his gospel. Figure 2: Icon of St. 66 PAUL traveled from Luke Spain to Asia Minor. 60 PAUL was tried 67 PETER wrote before FESTUS in “Second Peter” and was Caesarea. After having crucified by NERO. ministered in Persia, JOHN MARK went to Egypt and Ethiopia, Venice and to MATTHEW was slain Alexandria, Egypt, with a halberd in Egypt. where he founded a PAUL, sent as a church. prisoner to Rome, was 68 LAZARUS of shipwrecked on Malta. Bethany ministered in LUKE wrote his gospel. Citium in Cyprus for 30 SIMON ZELOTES years, then traveled to returned to Britain after Marseilles in Gaul having ministered through Egypt, Cyrene, where he spent 7 more years and also visited North Africa, Carthage, Martonia, Lybia and Britain. He retired to Cyprus where he died Spain. (again). JOHN MARK was dragged to death 61 PAUL arrived at Rome. LUKE wrote through the streets of Alexandria, Egypt on “Acts”. Easter. BARTHOLOMEW, after having 62 PAUL, at Rome, wrote “Philemon”, ministered in India with THOMAS and “Colossians”, “Ephesians” and JUDE and with PHILIP at Hierapolis, died “Philippians.” ANANUS was made High after being beaten with clubs, flayed alive Priest and had JAMES, brother of Jesus, cast and crucified in Armenia by the priests of from a pinnacle of the Temple, showered Albanus, led by ASTYAGES, the king’s with stones and finally his skull smashed brother. PAUL was imprisoned in Rome and wrote “Second Timothy” shortly before he

Luke p. 3 was beheaded in May by NERO. JUDE 70 VESPASIAN arrived at Rome. TITUS, wrote his epistle. HEBREWS was written. his son, with 80,000 men, captured and VESPASIAN attacked Jerusalem. NERO destroyed Jerusalem in August. committed suicide on June 9th. JOSEPHUS 72 After ministering in Syria, Edessa and wrote his “History of the Jewish War.” northern Persia, JUDE (THADDAEUS) was 69 POLYCARP was born. After having killed with a halberd at Edessa and was ministered in the foothills of the Caucasis buried at Kara Kelesia. SIMON ZELOTES mountains, to the Scythians in South Russia was sawn asunder in Persia. around the Black Sea, establishing churches 73 BARNABAS was killed by the Jews in in Scythia, Byzantium, Greece, Thrace, Salamis on Cyprus. Macedonia and Patros, ANDREW was 76 JOSEPH of Arimathea died in Britain crucified at Achaia on a cross in the form of and was buried at Glastonbury. an “X”, hanging there for three days before 80 Rome was burned again. TITUS he died on the last day of November. LUKE, dedicated the Roman Coliseum. who had been ministering with ANDREW, 85 JOHN wrote his Gospel. was crucified at Patros, Greece by being 90 Jewish rabbis gathered at Jamnia to establish the Jewish canon of Scripture. hanged on an olive tree by the idolatrous JOHN wrote I John, II John and III John. priests. DOMITIAN began his persecution of Christians. B. Authenticity 1. Universal Acceptance in Early Church 2. Attributed by the Muratorian Fragment, Irenaeus, Tertullian, Clement of Alexandria, Origen, Eusebius, Jerome C. Author Figure 3: St. Luke 1. Traveling companion of Paul (Ac 16:1-17; 20:5-21:18; 27:1-28:16) 2. Physician (Col 4:14; Phm 24) 3. Loyal companion to Paul (2 Tim 4:11) 4. Gentile (Col 4:12-14) 5. According to ancient tradition, from Syrian Antioch, unmarried, died at age 84

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D. Theme/Purpose: 1. Jesus is the perfect human Who is also God. 2. He identified with our imperfections and carried our sorrows to save us. Figure 4: 'A Female Figure standing in a Niche' and 'Saint Luke painting the Virgin and Child', Quinten Massys, c. 15302 E. Setting 1. Israel, Galilee, Jerusalem 2. Spans period ~4 B.C.-A.D. 33 F. Primary Characters 1. Jesus (God the Son): Jesus, the Son of Man, is the perfect man, the ideal. Greek thinkers could identify with this ideal concept because of Aristotle’s philosophy. 2. God the Father: The Father is mentioned by name less than 20 times by Luke, usually when Jesus is praying. Jesus describes Him as merciful and nurturing. He is Jesus’ guide from childhood on. 3. God the Holy Spirit: The Holy Spirit is mentioned by Luke roughly 19 times, and is connected with water, joy, and the Gospel. 4. The Disciples: As Jesus constantly looks to the Father, Luke portrays the Disciples as constantly looking to Jesus. They are flawed but sincere, students eager to learn. 5. Religious Leaders: The religious leaders are usually found questioning Jesus, usually trying to trap Him. Jesus reaches out to them but ultimately dismisses them because they reject Him. 6. Women: More than any other Gospel, Luke emphasizes the women who followed Jesus. They are shown as examples of faith, often outshining the twelve in faith and acts of service. G. Running Themes 1. Son of Man

a) Perfect representative

b) Perfect substitute 2. The beginning of the journey (pt. 1 of 3)

a) Begins & Ends at temple in Jerusalem

b) 2 Audiences: Luke’s contemporaries & us

2 According to legend, Saint Luke painted the Virgin and Child and he is therefore often depicted at an easel or with brushes and palette in hand.