Environmental Effects
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Final Environmental United States Department of Agriculture Impact Statement Forest Service EXF Thinning, Fuels Reduction, and Research Project PNW Pringle Falls Experimental Forest Research Bend/Ft. Rock Ranger District, Deschutes National Forest Station Deschutes County, Oregon T. 20 S., R 9 E., Sections 28-33; T. 21 S., R. 9 E., Sections 4-6 Willamette Meridian March 2010 The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (202) 720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Final Environmental Impact Statement Deschutes National Forest Deschutes County, Oregon Lead Agency: USDA Forest Service Responsible Officials: John Allen, Supervisor, Deschutes National Forest Bov Eav, Station Director, Pacific Northwest Research Station For Information Contact: Beth Peer, Environmental Coordinator rd 1230 N.E. 3 St., Suite A-262 Bend, OR 97701 (541) 383-4769 Abstract: This Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) contains the Forest Service’s proposal for vegetation management across approximately 2,554 acres of the Lookout Mountain Unit of the Pringle Falls Experimental Forest. The proposed action integrates the research goals of the Pacific Northwest Research Station with the need to reduce stand densities to lower susceptibility to insects and disease and reduce hazardous fuels to lower risk of uncharacteristic fire. Treatments are proposed in such a way that pertinent research questions regarding long-term sustainability of ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests in the changing climate can be answered. Three alternatives were analyzed in this FEIS: 1. Alternative 1, No Action. 2. Alternative 2 (preferred), the Proposed Action. 3. Alternative 3, developed to respond to the issue of maintaining spotted owl habitat. i Reader’s Guide This Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) contains information about a project proposal that will address forest health issues in the Lookout Mountain Unit of the Pringle Falls Experimental Forest. The information in this FEIS is organized to facilitate consideration of the environmental effects by the public, and by the Forest Supervisor of the Deschutes National Forest, who is responsible for deciding whether or not to implement the Proposed Action or alternatives to this proposal. Understanding the structure of this document is important to an overall understanding of the information required in an EIS. The following provides an overview of the components of this document. Executive Summary: The summary of the Final EIS provides a concise overview of the Purpose and Need for action, the Key Issues studied herein, and a comparison of the three alternatives. Table of Contents: A table of contents is presented at the beginning of the document. Lists of tables and figures are also included. Chapter 1 – Purpose and Need: Chapter 1 describes the Purpose and Need for the proposal, and the Proposed Action. It includes Management Direction for the project, and the Decision Framework. Public Involvement and the Issues generated by public comments are explained here. Chapter 2 – Alternatives: Chapter 2 includes a description of the alternative development process, and discussions on alternatives and actions considered but eliminated from detailed analysis. The focus of this chapter is Alternatives Considered in Detail, including the No Action (Alternative 1), the Proposed Action (Alternative 2), developed by the Forest Service that drove analysis for this project, and one additional alternative developed by the Forest Service, Alternative 3, which responds to the issue of northern spotted owl habitat. The potential mitigation measures to reduce impacts are documented in this chapter. The final section of this chapter includes a summary of data and a comparison of alternatives considered in detail, in a table format. Chapter 3 – The Affected Environment and Environmental Consequences: Chapter 3 describes current physical, biological, and social and economic environments within the area of influence of the Proposed Action (termed the Project Area Units). This information provides the baseline for assessing and comparing the potential impacts of the action alternatives. In addition, this chapter provides a comprehensive scientific and analytical comparison of the potential environmental impacts of the action alternatives to the No Action Alternative. In order to facilitate comparison of information provided, this chapter is organized and subdivided into resource areas/disciplines in a manner appropriate to the affected environment for this area. Chapter 4 – List of Preparers and Coordination: Chapter 4 lists the individuals, Federal, State and local agencies and tribes that the Forest Service consulted during the development of this FEIS. It also discloses the distribution of the document including Federal Agencies, federally recognized tribes, State and local governments and organizations representing a wide range of views. The references, glossary, and index are in the last part of this chapter. ii Appendices: The appendices provide more detailed information to support the analyses presented in the EIS. Additional documentation, including more detailed analyses of project area resources, may be found in the project planning record located at Deschutes National Forest Headquarters in Bend, Oregon. Appendix A – Past & Ongoing Research within the Experimental Forest; Past Vegetation Management within the Experimental Forest Appendix B – Study Plan Appendix C – Consistency with Current Laws and Management Direction Appendix D – Data used in Fire Behavior Analysis Appendix E – Spotted Owl NRF Habitat Field Verification Appendix F – Consideration of Public Comment on Draft EIS Acronyms used in this Document: BA Biological Assessment BCC Birds of Conservation Concern BCR Bird Conservation Region BE Biological Evaluation BMP Best Management Practices BO Biological Opinion CEQ Council on Environmental Quality CHU Critical Habitat Unit DEQ Oregon Department of Environmental Quality DBH Diameter at Breast Height EIS Environmental Impact Statement EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESA Endangered Species Act of 1973 FS Forest Service FSH Forest Service Handbook FSM Forest Service Manual FVS Forest Vegetation Simulator HRV Historic Range of Variability INFISH Inland Native Fish Strategy LAA Likely to Adversely Affect LOS Late and Old Structure LRMP Deschutes National Forest Land and Resource Management Plan (1990) LSOG Late Successional/Old Growth LSR Late Successional Reserve MIIH May Impact Individuals or Habitat but Will Not Likely Contribute to a Trend Towards Federal Listing or Cause a Loss of Viability to the Population or Species MOU Memorandum of Understanding MSA Management Strategy Area MSL Mean Sea Level NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NLAA May Affect, but Not Likely to Adversely Affect iii NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service NRF Nesting, Roosting, and Foraging Habitat (Spotted Owl) NWFP Northwest Forest Plan ODFW Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Association PAG Plant Association Group PDC Project Design Criteria from the 2006-2009 Programmatic Biological Assessment PNWRS Pacific Northwest Research Station RNA Research Natural Area SDI Stand Density Index STOC Northern Spotted Owl UMZ Upper Management Zone USDA United States Department of Agriculture USDI United States Department of the Interior USFS United States Forest Service USFWS United States Fish and Wildlife Service iv Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. ES-1 CHAPTER 1 PURPOSE AND NEED ....................................................................................................................... 0 1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 PURPOSE AND NEED ............................................................................................................................................ 4 1.4 PROPOSED ACTION .............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.5 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT ........................................................................................................................................ 7 1.6 PLANNING ISSUES ............................................................................................................................................... 8 Key Issues ............................................................................................................................................................