Lesson 7: Div, Span, Header, Main, Section, Style Attribute, Inline Style

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Lesson 7: Div, Span, Header, Main, Section, Style Attribute, Inline style Key notes to remember 1. The div and span are both used to separate parts of your document. 2. The span is an inline element meaning that is no extra margin around it and will not cause its surroundings to be pushed out more. It does not take up the full surrounding width. 3. The Div is a BLOCK element which means it does have a set margin and often times, will cause items to move to the next line because it takes up most of the width on the line(s) it resides. 4. An inline style is a style property defined as an attribute of a given element using the Style Attribute. 5. The style attribute on an element allows you to specify numerous name value pairs of CSS properties that change the look and feel. 6. The new HTML 5 elements , section, header, and main are all block elements that perform the same function but provide a different meaning for the data they surround. 7. Main means this is my main content. 8. Header means this is the head of my content (main title, description) 9. Section is more of a general term that can define different groups of data in general in your document. 10. An Element’s attribute is made up of name value pairs. Name=”value” . 11. An attribute gives more data to describe your html element or surrounding data and also at times can tell the element to behave or display differently. 12. HTML is used to contain your data. 13. CSS is used to format the look and feel of your data. .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

CSS 3 Margins Divs
VISA/APCO/STAC 2P61 WEBSITE CREATION Fall Term 2012 __________________________________________________________________________________ CSS 3 - LAYOUT BASICS A FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT – WHAT IS MEANT BY CASCADING The cascade is how CSS resolves conflicts when more than one rule is applied to the same element 4 style sheets applying: Internal styles External styles sheet Internal styles Browserʼs default style sheet Inline will beat out all – WHY? It is lowest in the cascade. Order of CSS rules is important The later a rule appears in a style sheet the more weight it is given MARGINS, BORDERS, PADDING See Ch. 10 – Web Standardistas Book About spacing – the space around our elements The effect the relationship of one element to another. The all important BOX MODEL All elements treated as boxes. Some are block-level Some are inline-level Each box is comprised of a content area and optional margins, borders and padding Up to now these have all be set by the Browserʼs default style all these can be specified The width of an element includes all – e.g. Margin-left + border-left + padding left – element width + padding-right + border-right + margin right Applying margins borders and padding See short html page in Ch. 10 First pass – no margins – fits to left edge of page Second pass - add background colour so we can see the block-level paragraph element Third pass - Before we add margins we must remove margins set by the browserʼs default style sheet. Set margin on body and on p to margin: 0; Once this is done you can add margin: 40 px; This sets margin on all four sides to 40 pixels.
[Show full text]
CSS 2.1) Specification
Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification W3C Editors Draft 26 February 2014 This version: http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/ED-CSS2-20140226 Latest version: http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2 Previous versions: http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-CSS2-20110607 http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-CSS2-20080411/ Editors: Bert Bos <bert @w3.org> Tantek Çelik <tantek @cs.stanford.edu> Ian Hickson <ian @hixie.ch> Håkon Wium Lie <howcome @opera.com> Please refer to the errata for this document. This document is also available in these non-normative formats: plain text, gzip'ed tar file, zip file, gzip'ed PostScript, PDF. See also translations. Copyright © 2011 W3C® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply. Abstract This specification defines Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 revision 1 (CSS 2.1). CSS 2.1 is a style sheet language that allows authors and users to attach style (e.g., fonts and spacing) to structured documents (e.g., HTML documents and XML applications). By separating the presentation style of documents from the content of documents, CSS 2.1 simplifies Web authoring and site maintenance. CSS 2.1 builds on CSS2 [CSS2] which builds on CSS1 [CSS1]. It supports media- specific style sheets so that authors may tailor the presentation of their documents to visual browsers, aural devices, printers, braille devices, handheld devices, etc. It also supports content positioning, table layout, features for internationalization and some properties related to user interface. CSS 2.1 corrects a few errors in CSS2 (the most important being a new definition of the height/width of absolutely positioned elements, more influence for HTML's "style" attribute and a new calculation of the 'clip' property), and adds a few highly requested features which have already been widely implemented.
[Show full text]
Advanced XHTML and CSS
CMPT 165 INTRODUCTION TO THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB Unit 4 Advanced XHTML and CSS Copyright © 2014 by Stephen Makonin Slides based on course material © SFU Icons © their respective owners 1 Learning Objectives In this unit you will learn the following. • Use XHTML to create valid web pages. • Design HTML so it can be easily styled with CSS. • Develop CSS rules to create particular appearances. • Understand CSS colour codes for a given colour. • Construct a CSS that implements a visual design. • Justify the separation of content and structure from visual appearance. • Select appropriate HTML tags to correctly describe the different parts of the page. Copyright © 2014 by Stephen Makonin 2 Topics 1. Validating XHTML 2. Common Mistakes Lecture 1 3. Block vs. Inline Elements 4. Character Entities 5. Generic Tags, IDs and Classes Lecture 2 6. Style Selectors Revisited 7. Positioning Elements Lecture 3 8. Steps in Webpage Creation Copyright © 2014 by Stephen Makonin 3 Valid XHTML Valid XHTML means your markup follows a set of rules: • Have a document type (DOCTYPE) at the top of the. • Speciﬁc the namespace in <html>. • Open tags must close in order. • Inline tags must be inside block tags. • Some tags such as <li> can only be in <ol> or <ul>. • Special characters (e.g. <) in content must be encoded. • Markup tags and attributes name are lowercase. If these rules are followed the a validator says: �� Otherwise: Copyright © 2014 by Stephen Makonin 4 �� Empty Valid XHTML Copyright © 2014 by Stephen Makonin 5 Document Type You MUST declare a document type as the 1st line in your XHTML document.
[Show full text]
Introduction to CSS
Introduction to CSS Chapter 4: CSS CS 80: Internet Programming Instructor: Mark Edmonds Intro to CSS • CSS = Cascading Style Sheet • What does HTML5 do? – Specifies the content and structure of the webpage • So far, we haven’t controlled the presentation of the webpage at all. • CSS allows us to control the presentation of the page Intro to CSS • Why not control the presentation within the HTML? – You can! – But in general, it’s better to separate! * Why? Because you can swap the style without changing anything in the HTML docu- ment Inline Style • Specify the style in the html tag through a style attribute – E.g. to change the font size, one might apply the attribute style="font-size: 45pt;" which would set the font size to 45pt. Inline Styles • Advantage: – Styling is applied solely to this instance of the tag (useful if we want custom styling for one particular tag) • Disadvantage: – Styling is applied solely to this instance of the tag (meaning it has no generality; we can’t change the style of every tag across the entire document. In our example, we may want to change every <h2> in the document Mark Edmonds 1 Introduction to CSS Example: inline_styles.html 1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html> 3 4 <head> 5 <meta charset="utf-8"> 6 <title>Inline CSS Styling</title> 7 </head> 8 9 <body> 10 <p style="font-size: 45pt">We can apply styling to one HTML tag</p> 11 <p>But take notice it doesn't persist in the document</p> 12 <h2 style="font-family: helvetica, tahoma, sans-serif; font-size: 10 pt; color: blue">We can overrride default settings for tags, notice the bold is still applied! </h2> 13 <p>Note: browser will attempt to use font-family specified in order of the comma-separated list.
[Show full text]
Cascading Tree Sheets and Recombinant HTML: Better Encapsulation and Retargeting of Web Content
Cascading Tree Sheets and recombinant HTML: Better encapsulation and retargeting of web content The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Edward O. Benson and David R. Karger. 2013. Cascading tree sheets and recombinant HTML: better encapsulation and retargeting of web content. In Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on World Wide Web (WWW '13). International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, 107-1 As Published http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2488399 Publisher Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Version Author's final manuscript Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87014 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Cascading Tree Sheets and Recombinant HTML: Better Encapsulation and Retargeting of Web Content Edward Benson David R. Karger MIT CSAIL MIT CSAIL 32 Vassar Street 32 Vassar Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT meaningful content. To reuse markup, she must copy the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) took a valuable step towards entire blob, then ﬁnd and replace the right pieces of content separating web content from presentation. But HTML pages with her own. This might work for replicating an exemplar still contain large amounts of \design scaﬀolding" needed to layout once, but what happens if an author wants to use the hierarchically layer content for proper presentation. This pa- same layout repeatedly on many instances|for example, to per presents Cascading Tree Sheets (CTS), a CSS-like lan- nicely format each publication in a large list? The labor guage for separating this presentational HTML from real becomes substantial.
[Show full text]
Module 1 HTML 5 and CSS Lecture 01 Introduction to HTML Introduction to HTML
Nagarjuna College of Engineering and Technology Information Science and Engineering Module 1 HTML 5 and CSS Lecture 01 Introduction to HTML Introduction to HTML Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) documents are simply text documents with a specific form ◦ Documents comprised of content and markup tags ◦ Content: actual information being conveyed ◦ The markup tags tell the Web browser how to display the page ◦ An HTML file must have an htm or html file extension ◦ An HTML file can be created using a simple text editor Lecture 02 Key components of HTML document Key components of HTML document An HTML document is composed of three parts: a line containing HTML version information, a declarative header section (delimited by the HEAD element), a body, which contains the document's actual content. The body may be implemented by the BODY element. An HTML page may contain Doctype, Comments, Elements or Tags, Attributes, Frames which may contain other HTML pages. DOCTYPE A Doctype declares the version of an HTML document. This needs to be the first thing in your document, before the <html> or <head> elements. Also, there is no closing tag. Doctype declaration: <!DOCTYPE html> OR <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> Comments We can add comments to your HTML source by using the following syntax:  Comments are not displayed by the browser. Example:  <p>This is a paragraph.</p>  Lecture 03 HTML elements, Headers, Linking, Images HTML Elements An HTML element usually consists of a start tag and an end tag, with the content inserted in between: <tagname>Content goes here...</tagname> The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag: <p>My first paragraph.</p> Start tag Element content End tag <p> My first paragraph </p> Example: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph.</p> </body> </html> •The <html> element defines the whole document.
[Show full text]
New Technologies for Web Development
Elektrotehniški vestnik 77(5): 273-280, 2010 Electrotechnical Review: Ljubljana, Slovenija New technologies for web development Grega Jakus 1, Matija Jekovec 2, Sašo Tomaži č1 and Jaka Sodnik 1 1 Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za elektrotehniko, Tržaška 25, Ljubljana 2 Klaro d.o.o. Peruzzijeva 84b, Ljubljana E-pošta: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. The paper gives an overview of the new features of web technologies. The general idea of the new ver- sion of HTML ( Hyper Text Markup Language ), i.e. HTML5, and other tools presented in this paper is the formal specification and the establishment of uniform solutions for technologies and functionalities which have already been in use through various hacks and plug-ins proposed by web developers. Many of these functionalities will now be implemented in browsers. The applications can access these functionalities through newly defined application programming interfaces. The latter include support for multimedia, dynamic graphic rendering, geolocation, mul- tithreading, local data storage etc. HTML5 also introduces semantic markup, which can be used for marking the document structure as well as its elements and data. The new version of HTML enforces strict separation of the page content from its style. The styling can only be done using CSS ( Cascading Style Sheets ) language. The new CSS version, i.e. CSS3, has a modular structure, in which different modules define different styling features. The development cycles of the individual modules are independent as well as their support and implementation in vari- ous browsers.
[Show full text]
HTML5 and CSS3
A user-friendly reference guide HTML5 & CSS3 SAMPLE CHAPTER Rob Crowther MANNING Hello! HTML5 & CSS3 by Rob Crowther Chapter 1 Copyright 2013 Manning Publications Brief contents PART 1LEARNING HTML5 1 1 Introducing HTML5 markup 3 2HTML5 forms38 3Dynamic graphics73 4 Audio and video 119 5 Browser-based APIs 153 6 Network and location APIs 191 PART 2LEARNING CSS3 231 7 New CSS language features 233 8 Layout with CSS3 271 9 Motion and color 313 10 Borders and backgrounds with CSS3 351 11 Text and fonts 392 Pa r t 1 Learning HTML5 his part of the book focuses on HTML5. Chapter 1 introduces you to new and updated markup features in HTML5, chapter 2 discusses forms and form validation, chapter 3 explores HTML5’s new dynamic graphics capabilities, chapter 4 talks about how to use video and audio on your web pages, and chapters 5 and 6 look at the new APIs you can use for client-side development and networking. 2 CHAPTER 1 Introducing HTML5 markup This chapter covers • New semantic elements in HTML5 • Updated HTML4 elements • New global attributes • The HTML5 content model • Getting new elements to work in old browsers This chapter assumes you have some knowledge of previous versions of HTML. If you’re new to HTML, check out appendix B—it should give you enough information to understand this chapter. 3 4 CHAPTER 1 Introducing HTML5 markup We’ll start with some background on how and why the particular set of new elements in HTML5 was chosen. Then we’ll examine new elements for the overall structure of web pages before moving on to elements, both new and redefined, intended for particular bits of content.
[Show full text]
Rdfa • Vocabularies and Ontologies • Linked Data • Mashups and Mashouts • Open Data and Open Government Maximising Online Resource Effectiveness
Maximising Online Resource Effectiveness Session 7 Joining the semantic web Maximising Online Resource Effectiveness Subtopics • What do we mean by semantic web • The significance of metadata • Resource Description Framework (RDF) • Embedded metadata and RDFa • Vocabularies and ontologies • Linked data • Mashups and mashouts • Open data and open government Maximising Online Resource Effectiveness Semantic web W3 future directions keynote at first WWW conference Tim Berners-Lee, Geneva, May 1994 To a computer, the Web is a flat, boring world, devoid of meaning. This is a pity, as in fact documents on the Web describe real objects and imaginary concepts, and give particular relationships between them. For example, a document might describe a person. The title document to a house describes a house and also the ownership relation with a person. Adding semantics to the Web involves two things: allowing documents which have information in machine-readable forms, and allowing links to be created with relationship values. Only when we have this extra level of semantics will we be able to use computer power to help us exploit the information to a greater extent than our own reading. Maximising Online Resource Effectiveness Metadata • Data can not be associated if not well defined • In a web context, metadata can describe things mentioned in a web page and not just the page itself • Can provide a definitive description of something and not just supplementary information (as generally perceived) • Is most useful when it is unambiguous and easily understood
[Show full text]
Markup Languages and HTML5
Web Technologies VU (706.704) Vedran Sabol ISDS, TU Graz Oct 19, 2020 Vedran Sabol (ISDS, TU Graz) Web Technologies Oct 19, 2020 1 / 71 Outline 1 Markup Languages 2 Web Standards Model 3 Introduction to HTML5 4 General Markup Changes 5 Forms Markup Changes 6 Graphics with Canvas Vedran Sabol (ISDS, TU Graz) Web Technologies Oct 19, 2020 2 / 71 HTML5 - Part I Web Technologies (706.704) Vedran Sabol ISDS, TU Graz Oct 19, 2020 Vedran Sabol (ISDS, TU Graz) HTML5 - Part I Oct 19, 2020 3 / 71 Markup Languages Markup Languages Markup: additional information, how to interpret the text in a document In all text-processing applications Typically, invisible to the user E.g. in LaTeX: \section{title of section} In HTML: <p>new paragraph, blabla...</p> Vedran Sabol (ISDS, TU Graz) HTML5 - Part I Oct 19, 2020 4 / 71 Markup Languages Structure Structure defined as nested elements Element: tags, attributes, content Tags: start tag + end tag Attributes: inside start tag Content: Text + sub-elements Vedran Sabol (ISDS, TU Graz) HTML5 - Part I Oct 19, 2020 5 / 71 Markup Languages Generalized/Descriptive Markup Describe structure of documents only Presentation and/or behavior of documents defined elsewhere Separate content (structure) from presentation and/or behavior This principle has a number of advantages Vedran Sabol (ISDS, TU Graz) HTML5 - Part I Oct 19, 2020 6 / 71 Markup Languages Advantages Code efficiency: smaller files by separating content, presentation and behavior Presentation and behavior files stored separately and only once No overhead in markup files, saves network bandwidth Change them at a single place for all markup files Ease of maintenance and consistency in presentation and behavior Vedran Sabol (ISDS, TU Graz) HTML5 - Part I Oct 19, 2020 7 / 71 Markup Languages Advantages Device compatibility Easy to apply alternative presentations and behavior, e.g.
[Show full text]
MACOB IT SOLUTIONS LLC HTML and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS
HTML and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Overview HTML and CSS go hand in hand for developing flexible, attractively and user friendly websites. HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is used to show content on the page where as CSS is used for presenting the page. HTML describes the structure of a Website semantically along with presentation cues, making it a mark-up language, rather than a programming language. HTML allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. Module 1: Web Programming Introduction In this module, you will learn basic introduction to web development. The fundamental technology used to define the structure of a webpage. Web Development Introduction Module 2: HTML-Introduction In this module, sets the stage, getting you used to important concepts and syntax, looking at applying HTML to text, how to create hyperlinks, and how to use HTML to structure a webpage. • History of HTML • What you need to do to get going and make your first HTML page • What are HTML Tags and Attributes? • HTML Tag vs. Element • HTML Attributes: • How to differentiate HTML Document Versions Module 3: HTML-Basic Formatting Tags In this module, HTML is used to specify whether your web content should be recognized as a paragraph, list, heading, link, image, multimedia player, form, or one of many other available elements or even a new element that you define. • HTML Basic Tags • HTML Formatting Tags • HTML Color Coding Module 4: HTML-Grouping Using Div Span In this module, The HTML <div> and <span> element is the generic container for flow content and does not inherently represent anything.
[Show full text]
Tagging Techniques for Search Engine Optimization
Facoltà di Ingegneria Corso di Studi in Ingegneria Informatica Tesi di laurea Tagging techniques for Search Engine Optimization Anno Accademico 2012/2013 relatore Ch.mo prof. Porfirio Tramontana candidato Russo Gianluca matr. M63/90 Facoltà di Ingegneria - Corso di Studi in Ingegneria Informatica Tagging techniques for Search Engine Optimization Contents Introduction 7 Objectives . .9 Chapter organization . 10 1 Context and background 12 1.1 From a Web of documents to a Web of Knowledge . 12 1.1.1 The Internet . 12 1.1.2 World Wide Web . 13 1.1.3 Hyper Text Markup Language - HTML . 15 1.1.4 Extensible Markup Language - XML . 17 1.2 Introduction to Semantic Web . 20 1.3 Semantic Web Architecture . 22 1.4 The principles of the Semantic Web . 26 1.5 Semantic Web Languages . 31 1.5.1 Markup concept . 31 1.5.2 Metadata concept . 32 1.5.3 Resource Description Framework - RDF . 33 1.5.4 Ontology . 35 1.6 Search Engine Optimization - SEO . 36 1 Facoltà di Ingegneria - Corso di Studi in Ingegneria Informatica Tagging techniques for Search Engine Optimization 2 Semantic annotation of Web pages 40 2.1 The basic concepts and related problem . 40 2.1.1 Internal-Embedded annotation . 42 2.1.2 External-Linked annotation . 43 2.1.3 Direct or Manual annotation . 44 2.1.4 Automated annotation . 44 2.2 Technological solutions . 45 2.2.1 Microformats . 46 2.2.2 RDFa . 49 2.2.3 Microdata . 52 2.2.4 Schema.org . 54 2.3 Technological choices . 56 3 MicrodataSemantic tool 60 3.1 Motivation and Overview .
[Show full text]