X COUNTY. E WINDSOR-ESS GO FOR HEALTH COMMUNITY PICTURE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: MIKE BENNETT (Author) MARYAM SALEM (Health Promotion Specialist) NEIL MACKENZIE (Manager, Chronic Disease Prevention) JEFF EPP (Graphic Designer) PLEASE NOTE: This community picture was compiled from September 2010 - March 2011. If you have questions related to this document or the Go For Health Windsor-Essex Coalition please contact: Windsor-Essex County Health Unit, 1005 Ouellette Ave., Windsor, ON N9A 4J8 Phone: 519-258-2146 ext. 3100 OUR MISSION PROVIDE LEADERSHIP FOR COLLABORATIVE ACTION TOWARD HEALTHY LIVING, FOR WELLNESS AND THE REDUCTION OF CHRONIC DISEASE IN WINDSOR- ESSEX COUNTY. COMMUNITY PICTURE 02 for Windsor-Essex County THIS REPORT WILL PROVIDE A DESCRIPTION OF WHAT LIFE IS LIKE FOR THOSE WHO LIVE IN WINDSOR-ESSEX COUNTY (WEC). This comprehensive profile will provide fundamental information to the reader, including the demographic makeup, socioeconomic realities, health status data, and current and planned initiatives and policies that affect health and well-being in WEC. COMMUNITY PICTURE 03 for Windsor-Essex County COMMUNITY PICTURE for Windsor-Essex County TABLE OF CONTENTS 06 I. INTRODUCTION ii. Francophone Population ii. Alcohol Consumption in WEC – Survey from iii. Aboriginal Population RRFSS iv. Ethnic Origins iii. Binge Drinking 10 II. 1.0: PART ONE: OUR v. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual, Intersexed, iv. Underage Drinking COMMUNITY or Questioning Population v. Alcohol-Related Trauma Statistics 10 I. Municipalities 41 IV. Household Composition vi. Drinking and Your Health 11 II. Community Location, Geography, and i. Marital Status vii. The Cost of Alcohol Misuse in Canada Physical Characteristics ii. Family and Household Composition viii. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 i. Location 43 V. Sense of Community Belonging ix. Policy Recommendations ii. Farming and Agriculture 44 VI. WEC’s Voluntary Sector x. Substance Use iii. Greenhouses xi. The Cost of Substance Abuse in Canada iv. Conservation Areas 45 IV. 2.1: PART TWO: THE xii. A Look at Major Policies Since 2000 v. Parks FABRIC OF OUR COMMUNITY: xiii. Other Important Recommendations vi. Golf Courses 79 III. Healthy Eating SOCIOECONOMIC INFORMATION i. Healthy Eating in WEC – Survey from RRFSS vii. Beaches 45 I. Education ii. The Cost of Unhealthy Eating in Canada 19 III. Community Economy 47 II. Employment and Income iii. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 i. Agriculture i. Employment iv. Policy Recommendations ii. Automotive Manufacturing ii. Income 85 IV. Physical Activity iii. Education 52 III. Housing i. The Real Rates of Physical Activity? iv. Tourism i. Housing Affordability ii. Commuting to Work v. Local Media ii. Homelessness iii. Southwestern Ontario in motion 23 IV. Environment 56 IV. Health Care iv. The Cost of Physical Activity in Canada i. Climate i. Access to Primary Care v. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 ii. Water Quality 60 V. Access to Nutritious Foods vi. Policy Recommendations iii. Air Quality i. Food Bank Utilization and Gaps 24 V. Safety 90 V. Injury Prevention i. Leading Causes of Injury i. Policing 61 V. 2.2: PART TWO: THE FABRIC ii. Fire Services ii. Falls iii. Emergency Medical Services OF OUR COMMUNITY: SIX iii. Motor Vehicle Collisions 28 VI. Public Transportation PRIORITY AREAS iv. Intentional Injuries i. Public Transit 61 I. Tobacco Use and Exposure v. The Cost of Injury in Canada 29 VII. International Border Crossing i. Cigarette and Tobacco Use vi. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 30 LIST OF REFERENCES ii. Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke vii. Policy Recommendations iii. Second-Hand Smoke in WEC – Survey from 98 VI. Mental Health the Rapid Risk Factor Surveillance System i. Self-Rated Mental Health 31 III. 2.0: PART TWO: THE FABRIC iv. Outdoor Smoking Ban ii. Perceived Life Stress OF OUR COMMUNITY: v. Smoking and Your Health iii. Life Satisfaction DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION vi. The Cost of Smoking in Canada iv. The Cost of Mental Health in Canada 31 I. Population vii. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 v. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 32 II. Age & Sex Distribution vii. Policy Recommendations vi. Policy Recommendations 34 III. Cultural Diversity 68 II. Alcohol and Substance Misuse 102 LIST OF REFERENCES i. Citizenship i. Alcohol Use TABLE OF CONTENTS 105 VI. 3.0: PART THREE: DISEASE v. Consequences of Mental Illness PROFILE – INCIDENCE AND vi. Modifiable Risk Factors vii. The Cost of Mental Illness in Canada RISK FACTORS 132 LIST OF REFERENCES 105 I. Chronic Disease 106 II. Heart Disease i. Heart Disease in the ESC Region 134 VII. 4.0: PART FOUR: COMMUNITY ii. Heart Disease in Canada ENGAGEMENT iii. Heart Disease in WEC iv. Modifiable Risk Factors v. The Cost of Heart Disease in Canada 111 III. Cancer i. Lung Cancer ii. Colorectal Cancer iii. Breast Cancer iv. Modifiable Risk Factors v. The Cost of Cancer in Canada 118 IV. Diabetes i. A National Problem ii. Co-Morbidity iii. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 iv. Modifiable Risk Factors v. The Cost of Diabetes in Canada 120 V. Obesity i. Childhood Overweight and Obesity ii. A Look at the Major Policies Since 2000 iii. Modifiable Risk Factors iv. The Cost of Obesity in Canada v. Obesity and the Built Environment 124 VI. Stroke i. Stroke in ESC and Ontario ii. Effects of Stroke iii. TIAs iv. Hypertension v. Modifiable Risk Factors vi. The Cost of Stroke in Canada 126 VII. Mental Illness i. Mood Disorders ii. Anxiety Disorders iii. Prescribed Medications iv. Access to Resources COMMUNITY PICTURE II for Windsor-Essex County INTRODUCTION The purpose of this report is to: • Provide community leaders, professionals, and the public with a snapshot of our community and the variables that impact the health and well-being of our residents. • Assist in mobilizing the Windsor-Essex community partners around issues This document will provide the that impact the health and well-being of WEC residents. • Inform the Healthy Communities Fund grants project stream. reader with a much deeper and • Inform local funding priorities and applications. richer understanding of the • Assist local organizations to identify strategic program and policy priorities. • Identify implications for practice and policy opportunities. issues that impact the health • Highlight health policy challenges and successes. and well-being of WEC residents. As part of the Healthy Communities Fund-Partnership Stream, the Ministry of Health Promotion and Sport required community partnerships to submit a Community Picture, outlining the community make-up, health status, and policy priorities in their respective area. This Community Picture is intended to inform the work of the Healthy Communities Partnership. Windsor-Essex’s Healthy Communities Partnership is Go For Health Windsor-Essex (GFH). GFH is a coalition of recognized and respected community health organizations and volunteers. The GFH coalition is committed to reducing the high rate of chronic disease, mental illness, and injury through the advocacy and support of policies that promote and support the health and well-being of WEC residents. This unique partnership creates a model of collaborative action that is embraced by the business, education, government, health, and recreation and leisure sectors. Partners in these sectors have committed to identify key health policy issues within their sector. Once identified and prioritized, they have agreed to work toward the promotion, development, implementation, and monitoring of these policies. This document will not only assist in learning more about the people who live in our community, including their demographic and socioeconomic realities and the status of their health, but it will also provide the reader with a much deeper and richer understanding of the issues that impact the health and well-being of WEC residents. COMMUNITY PICTURE 06 for Windsor-Essex County OVERVIEW OF METHODOLOGY The 2011 Community Picture synthesizes findings from several local, provincial, and national agencies to provide a glimpse of WEC’s state of health and well-being. Much of the detailed, local information was gathered from the following reports published by the United Way and the Windsor-Essex County Health Unit: • The 2009 Community Well-Being Report: www.weareunited.com/img/pdfs/annual-reports/2009wellbeingreport.pdf • The 2009 WEC Population Report: www.wechealthunit.org/about-us/reports/2009_WEC_populationreport.pdf Both of these documents provide detailed socioeconomic and demographic information of people living in WEC, some of which is beyond the scope of this Community Picture. Readers are encouraged to refer to these reports for further valuable information. Where available, the 2011 Community Picture provides benchmark data from previous years to indicate progress over time and highlight areas that need improvement. Beyond contextual, demographic, and socioeconomic statistics, data will also include the six priority areas identified by the government of Ontario and GFH: • Tobacco Use and Exposure • Alcohol and Substance Misuse • Healthy Eating • Physical activity • Injury Prevention • Mental Health For each of the six priority areas, policy recommendations are provided and the top three policy suggestions are identified. COMMUNITY PICTURE 07 for Windsor-Essex County HOW THE COMMUNITY PICTURE IS ORGANIZED The 2011 Community Picture is divided into four sections and three subsections: 1.0: Our Community In this section, important contextual information is provided about WEC including: municipal division;