Mathematical Society
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Bernard Dwork 1923--1998
mem-dwork.qxp 1/8/99 11:21 AM Page 338 Bernard Dwork (1923–1998) Nicholas M. Katz and John Tate Bernard Morris describe that proof and sketch Bernie’s other main Dwork, “Bernie” to contributions to mathematics. those who had the But let us start at the beginning. Bernie was privilege of knowing born on May 27, 1923, in the Bronx. In 1943 he him, died on May 9, graduated from the City College of New York with 1998, just weeks a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering. He short of his seventy- served in the United States Army from March 30, fifth birthday. He is 1944, to April 14, 1946. After eight months of survived by his wife training as repeaterman at the Central Signal Corps of fifty years, Shirley; School, he served in the Asiatic Pacific campaign All photographs courtesy of Shirley Dwork. his three children, with the Headquarters Army Service Command. He Bernard Dwork, May 27, 1996. Andrew, Deborah, was stationed in Seoul, Korea, which, according to and Cynthia; his four reliable sources, he once deprived of electricity granddaughters; his brothers Julius and Leo; and for twenty-four hours by “getting his wires his sister, Elaine Chanley. crossed”. This is among the first of many “Bernie We mention family early in this article, both be- stories”, some of which are so well known that they cause it was such a fundamental anchor of Bernie’s are referred to with warm affection in shorthand life and because so many of his mathematical as- or code. For instance, “Wrong Plane” refers to the sociates found themselves to be part of Bernie’s time Bernie put his ninety-year-old mother on the extended family. -
Report for the Academic Year 1995
Institute /or ADVANCED STUDY REPORT FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1994 - 95 PRINCETON NEW JERSEY Institute /or ADVANCED STUDY REPORT FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1 994 - 95 OLDEN LANE PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY 08540-0631 609-734-8000 609-924-8399 (Fax) Extract from the letter addressed by the Founders to the Institute's Trustees, dated June 6, 1930. Newark, New jersey. It is fundamental in our purpose, and our express desire, that in the appointments to the staff and faculty, as well as in the admission of workers and students, no account shall be taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion, or sex. We feel strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, above all the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any conditions as to personnel other than those designed to promote the objects for which this institution is established, and particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of race, creed, or sex. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 5 • FOUNDERS, TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE BOARD AND OF THE CORPORATION 8 • ADMINISTRATION 11 REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN 15 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 23 • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 27 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 36 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS AND VISITORS 42 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS AND VISITORS 50 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 55 • REPORT OF THE INSTITUTE LIBRARIES 57 • RECORD OF INSTITUTE EVENTS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1994-95 85 • INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Institute for Advanced Study is an independent, nonprofit institution devoted to the encouragement of learning and scholarship. -
A Systematic Study of Groebner Basis Methods
A Systematic Study of Gr¨obner Basis Methods Vom Fachbereich Informatik der Technischen Universit¨at Kaiserslautern genehmigte Habilitationsschrift von Dr. Birgit Reinert Datum der Einreichung: 6. Januar 2003 Datum des wissenschaftlichen Vortrags: 9. Februar 2004 arXiv:0903.2462v2 [math.RA] 29 Mar 2009 Dekan: Prof. Dr. Hans Hagen Habilitationskommission: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Otto Mayer Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Klaus E. Madlener Prof. Dr. Teo Mora Prof. Dr. Volker Weispfenning Vorwort Die vorliegende Arbeit ist die Quintessenz meiner Ideen und Erfahrungen, die ich in den letzten Jahren bei meiner Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Gr¨obnerbasen gemacht habe. Meine geistige Heimat war dabei die Arbeitsgruppe von Profes- sor Klaus Madlener an der Technischen Universit¨at Kaiserslautern. Hier habe ich bereits im Studium Bekanntschaft mit der Theorie der Gr¨obnerbasen gemacht und mich w¨ahrend meiner Promotion mit dem Spezialfall dieser Theorie f¨ur Monoid- und Gruppenringe besch¨aftigt. Nach der Promotion konnte ich im Rahmen eines DFG-Forschungsstipendiums zus¨atzlich Problemstellungen und Denkweisen an- derer Arbeitsgruppen kennenlernen - die Arbeitsgruppe von Professor Joachim Neub¨user in Aachen und die Arbeitsgruppe von Professor Theo Mora in Genua. Meine Aufenthalte in diesen Arbeitsgruppen haben meinen Blickwinkel f¨ur weit- ergehende Fragestellungen erweitert. An dieser Stelle m¨ochte ich mich bei allen jenen bedanken, die mich in dieser Zeit begleitet haben und so zum Entstehen und Gelingen dieser Arbeit beigetragen haben. Mein besonderer Dank gilt meinem akademischen Lehrer Professor Klaus Madlener, der meine akademische Ausbildung schon seit dem Grundstudium be- gleitet und meine Denk- und Arbeitsweise wesentlich gepr¨agt hat. Durch ihn habe ich gelernt, mich intensiv mit diesem Thema zu besch¨aftigen und mich dabei nie auf nur einen Blickwinkel zu beschr¨anken. -
Recursion Theory Notes, Fall 2011 0.1 Introduction
Recursion Theory Notes, Fall 2011 Lecturer: Lou van den Dries 0.1 Introduction Recursion theory (or: theory of computability) is a branch of mathematical logic studying the notion of computability from a rather theoretical point of view. This includes giving a lot of attention to what is not computable, or what is computable relative to any given, not necessarily computable, function. The subject is interesting on philosophical-scientific grounds because of the Church- Turing Thesis and its role in computer science, and because of the intriguing concept of Kolmogorov complexity. This course tries to keep touch with how recursion theory actually impacts mathematics and computer science. This impact is small, but it does exist. Accordingly, the first chapter of the course covers the basics: primitive recur- sion, partial recursive functions and the Church-Turing Thesis, arithmetization and the theorems of Kleene, the halting problem and Rice's theorem, recur- sively enumerable sets, selections and reductions, recursive inseparability, and index systems. (Turing machines are briefly discussed, but the arithmetization is based on a numerical coding of combinators.) The second chapter is devoted to the remarkable negative solution (but with positive aspects) of Hilbert's 10th Problem. This uses only the most basic notions of recursion theory, plus some elementary number theory that is worth knowing in any case; the coding aspects of natural numbers are combined here ingeniously with the arithmetic of the semiring of natural numbers. The last chapter is on Kolmogorov complexity, where concepts of recursion theory are used to define and study notions of randomness and information content. -
The Work of John Tate
Review of the Collected Works of John Tate J.S. Milne September 5, 2016 For several decades it has been clear to the friends and colleagues of Tate that a “Collected Works” was merited. The award of the Abel Prize to Tate in 2010 added impetus, and finally, in Tate’s ninety-second year we have these two magnificent volumes,1 edited by Barry Mazur and Jean-Pierre Serre. Beyond Tate’s published articles,2 they include five unpublished articles and a selection of his letters, most accompanied by Tate’s comments, and a collection of photographs of Tate. For an overview of Tate’s work, the editors refer the reader to [4]. Before discussing the volumes, I describe some of Tate’s work. 1 Hecke L-series and Tate’s thesis Like many budding number theorists, Tate’s favourite theorem when young was Gauss’s law of quadratic reciprocity.34 When he arrived at Princeton as a graduate student in 1946, he was fortunate to find there the person, Emil Artin, who had discovered the most general reciprocity law, so solving Hilbert’s ninth problem. By 1920, the German school of algebraic number theorists (Hilbert, Weber,. ) together with its brilliant student Takagi had succeeded in classifying the abelian extensions of a number field K: to each group I of ideal classes in K, there is attached an extension L of K (the class field of I ); the group I determines the arithmetic of the extension L=K, and the Galois group of L=K is isomorphic to I . Artin’s contribution was to prove (in 1927) that there is a natural isomorphism from I to the Galois group of L=K. -
Part IV: Turing Machines and Undecidability
Part IV: Turing Machines and Undecidability We are about to begin our exploration of the two outer circles of the language hierarchy, as well as the background, the area outside all of the circles. Up until now, we have been placing limitations on what we could do in order that we could discover simple solutions when they exist. Now we are going to tear down all the barriers and explore the full power of formal computation. We will discover a whole range of problems that become solvable once we do that. We will also discover that there are fundamental limitations on what we can compute, regardless of the specific model with which we choose to work. Part IV 264 Turing Machines and Undecidability 17 Turing Machines We need a new kind of automaton that has two properties: • It must be powerful enough to describe all computable things. In this respect, it should be like real computers and unlike FSMs and PDAs. • It must be simple enough that we can reason formally about it. In this respect, it should be like FSMs and PDAs and unlike real computers. 17.1 Definition, Notation and Examples In our discussion of pushdown automata, it became clear that a finite state controller augmented by a single stack was not powerful enough to be able to execute even some very simple programs. What else must be added in order to acquire the necessary power? One answer is a second stack. We will explore that idea in Section 17.5.2. 17.1.1 What Is a Turing Machine? A more straightforward approach is to eliminate the stack and replace it by a more flexible form of infinite storage, a writeable tape. -
Computing the Maximum Using (Min,+) Formulas∗
Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity, Report No. 20 (2018) Computing the maximum using (min,+) formulas∗ Meena Mahajan1, Prajakta Nimbhorkar2, and Anuj Tawari1 1The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, HBNI, Chennai, India , fmeena,[email protected] 2Chennai Mathematical Institute, India , [email protected] January 23, 2018 Abstract We study computation by formulas over (min; +). We consider the computation of maxfx1; : : : ; xng over N as a difference of (min; +) formulas, and show that size n + n log n is sufficient and nec- essary. Our proof also shows that any (min; +) formula computing the minimum of all sums of n − 1 out of n variables must have n log n leaves; this too is tight. Our proofs use a complex- ity measure for (min; +) functions based on minterm-like behaviour and on the entropy of an associated graph. 1 Introduction A (min; +) circuit is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) in which the leaves are labeled by variables or constants. The internal nodes are gates labeled by either min or +. A min gate computes the minimum value among its inputs while a + gate simply adds the values computed by its inputs. If the underlying DAG is a tree, then the circuit is a (min; +) formula. Such formulas can compute any function expressible as the minimum over several linear polynomials with non- negative integer coefficients. That is, they can compute any polynomial over the the tropical − semirings Min = (N; min; +; 1; 0) and Min = (Z; min; +; 1; 0). In this work, we consider the following setting. Suppose we are given n input variables x1; x2; : : : ; xn and we want to find a formula which computes the maximum value taken by these variables, max(x1; x2; : : : ; xn). -
Characteristic Polynomial of Arrangements and Multiarrangements
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 4-21-2011 12:00 AM Characteristic Polynomial of Arrangements and Multiarrangements Mehdi Garrousian The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Dr. Graham Denham The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Mathematics A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy © Mehdi Garrousian 2011 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Algebra Commons, Algebraic Geometry Commons, and the Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics Commons Recommended Citation Garrousian, Mehdi, "Characteristic Polynomial of Arrangements and Multiarrangements" (2011). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 142. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/142 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Characteristic Polynomial of Arrangements and Multiarrangements (Spine title: Characteristic Polynomial of Arrangements) (Thesis format: Monograph) by Mehdi Garrousian Graduate Program in Mathematics A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada c Mehdi Garrousian 2011 Certificate of Examination THE UNIVERSITY -
Server Administration Webfocus Reporting Server Release 8205 Datamigrator Server Release 7709
Server Administration WebFOCUS Reporting Server Release 8205 DataMigrator Server Release 7709 May 20, 2019 Active Technologies, EDA, EDA/SQL, FIDEL, FOCUS, Information Builders, the Information Builders logo, iWay, iWay Software, Parlay, PC/FOCUS, RStat, Table Talk, Web390, WebFOCUS, WebFOCUS Active Technologies, and WebFOCUS Magnify are registered trademarks, and DataMigrator and Hyperstage are trademarks of Information Builders, Inc. Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat, Adobe Reader, Flash, Adobe Flash Builder, Flex, and PostScript are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. Due to the nature of this material, this document refers to numerous hardware and software products by their trademarks. In most, if not all cases, these designations are claimed as trademarks or registered trademarks by their respective companies. It is not this publisher's intent to use any of these names generically. The reader is therefore cautioned to investigate all claimed trademark rights before using any of these names other than to refer to the product described. Copyright © 2019, by Information Builders, Inc. and iWay Software. All rights reserved. Patent Pending. This manual, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of Information Builders, Inc. Contents Preface ........................................................................ 15 Conventions ........................................................................16 Related Publications -
Notices of the American Mathematical Society
Notices of the American Mathematical Society November 1985, Issue 244 Volume 32, Number 6, Pages 737- 872 Providence, Rhode Island USA ISSN 0002-9920 Calendar of AMS Meetings THIS CALENDAR lists all meetings which have been approved by the Council prior to the date this issue of the Notices was sent to the press. The summer and annual meetings are joint meetings of the Mathematical Association of America and the American Mathematical Society. The meeting dates which fall rather far in the future are subject to change: this is particularly true of meetings to which no numbers have yet been assigned. Programs of the meetings will appear in the issues indicated below. First and supplementary announcements of the meetings will have appeared in earlier issues. ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS presented at a meeting of the Society are published in the journal Abstracts of papers presented to the American Mathematical Society in the issue corresponding to that of the Notices which contains the program of the meeting. Abstracts should be submitted on special forms which are available in many departments of mathematics and from the headquarters office of the Society. Abstracts of papers to be presented at the meeting must be received at the headquarters of the Society in Providence. Rhode Island, on or before the deadline given below for the meeting. Note that the deadline for abstracts for consideration for presentation at special sessions is usually three weeks earlier than that specified below. For additional information consult the meeting announcements and the list of organizers of special sessions. ABSTRACT MEETING# DATE PLACE DEADLINE ISSUE 825 January 7-11. -
Proofs, Computability, Undecidability, Complexity, and the Lambda Calculus an Introduction
Proofs, Computability, Undecidability, Complexity, And the Lambda Calculus An Introduction Jean Gallier and Jocelyn Quaintance Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA e-mail: [email protected] c Jean Gallier Please, do not reproduce without permission of the author April 28, 2020 2 Preface The main goal of this book is to present a mix of material dealing with 1. Proof systems. 2. Computability and undecidability. 3. The Lambda Calculus. 4. Some aspects of complexity theory. Historically, the theory of computability and undecidability arose from Hilbert's efforts to completely formalize mathematics and from G¨odel'sfirst incompleteness theorem that showed that such a program was doomed to fail. People realized that to carry out both Hilbert's program and G¨odel'swork it was necessary to define precisely what is the notion of a computable function and the notion of a mechanically checkable proof. The first definition given around 1934 was that of the class of computable function in the sense of Herbrand{ G¨odel{Kleene. The second definition given by Church in 1935-1936 was the notion of a function definable in the λ-calculus. The equivalence of these two definitions was shown by Kleene in 1936. Shortly after in 1936, Turing introduced a third definition, that of a Turing- computable function. Turing proved the equivalence of his definition with the Herbrand{ G¨odel{Kleenedefinition in 1937 (his proofs are rather sketchy compared to Kleene's proofs). All these historical papers can be found in a fascinating book edited by Martin Davis [25]. -
The Work of John Tate
The Work of John Tate J.S. Milne March 18, 2012/September 23, 2012 Tate helped shape the great reformulation of arithmetic and geometry which has taken place since the 1950s Andrew Wiles.1 This is my article on Tate’s work for the second volume in the book series on the Abel Prize winners. True to the epigraph, I have attempted to explain it in the context of the “great reformulation”. Contents 1 Hecke L-series and the cohomology of number fields 3 1.1 Background.................................. 3 1.2 Tate’s thesis and the local constants . ..... 5 1.3 The cohomology of number fields . 8 1.4 The cohomology of profinite groups . 11 1.5 Dualitytheorems ............................... 12 1.6 Expositions .................................. 14 2 Abelian varieties and curves 15 2.1 The Riemann hypothesis for curves . 15 2.2 Heights on abelian varieties . 16 2.3 The cohomology of abelian varieties . 18 2.4 Serre-Tate liftings of abelian varieties . ........ 21 arXiv:1210.7459v1 [math.HO] 28 Oct 2012 2.5 Mumford-Tate groups and the Mumford-Tate conjecture . ........ 22 2.6 Abelian varieties over finite fields (Weil, Tate, Honda theory) . 23 2.7 Good reduction of Abelian Varieties . 24 2.8 CM abelian varieties and Hilbert’s twelfth problem . ......... 25 3 Rigid analytic spaces 26 3.1 TheTatecurve ................................ 27 3.2 Rigidanalyticspaces .... ...... ..... ...... ...... .. 28 1 Introduction to Tate’s talk at the conference on the Millenium Prizes, 2000. 1 CONTENTS 2 4 The Tate conjecture 30 4.1 Beginnings .................................. 30 4.2 Statement of the Tate conjecture . 31 4.3 Homomorphisms of abelian varieties .