I I I THE JOURNAL OF il I ~~tt't\\lCAL WOR/(lD3 . AND OPERATORS . OFFICIAL PUBLICATION INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS

\ J!J~-tJct U1'JJ-tY Irl;\-r ZH1HfYI " 1 ..... : A .,,- ":",:' \~ - f l , ....,;_ ~-:.. , '>I\"~- r== ','- ":''.- --:..\~~\ oIJ} ..: F=z= .'.:" . ~~,.,. "'.. !~" '-= ANP!n:: II VOL-r.l-\ II ::;': ":.. \\ III II ::::::,V·~ .~;~ ~; /" - ---- ~!¢? F9?.' , //1\" ~"f.:? ~: "'" II GAL'l.MJJ II II O}U"J II March, 1925

1I1;~\J\J}{WJII II 1.MiAOY Ii

AFFILIATED WITH THE II 1: D J5>OJ'J II AMERICAN FEDERATION II J"JO;i~~ II OF LABOR IN ALL ITS DEPARTMENTS

III nOE:n(,{j!:J'J II II B1:~!. II

DEVOTED TO THE CAUSE OF

( ORGANIZED LABOR ) L I I

II -n:S1A II II HArl~OI\11J1 II to!J O\-:f 101'J II 1 II ~ I I ~~1! MYNEW ~p HEADUGHT Double Breasted UNION MADE Railroadmelis coat !~~~~~~~~~'i~ made of our own Headlight Special Weave and Supele Twist Denim to match your overaOs 4 Big Outside Pockets. This 1 Big In.ide Pocket. ticket on every Adjustable Gauntlet Cuffs. Headlight Double Adjustable Collar that can De , Breasted Coat buttoned up tight, or. turned up bears my personal and looks fine in any position. Guarantee to you. t::U- .~ It i. 4 inches longer than the ~ l.antM. c...... C. ordinary coaL DUItOl"1

If your Dealer cannot aUfplyyou, write me, advising your .ize and 'will send one of these New Headlight Double Breaated Coata to your Dealer, where you can examine it before you purchase. The coat i. only SOc more than yoo are now paying for our regular Headlight Coata. LARNED, CARTER & CO. WORUYS Cft.£A TEST OVEItAU.. MAK£JU DETROIT, MICH. ,..crouU, o...-.k.~s-'''''''''I'''''''''.,,,,,~c...... --. , T_OM. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 209

The Delray_plant of' the Detroit Edison Co. This Company in 1903 supplied current sufficient for 81,000 16-candJepower lamps. Nowits G-Egeneratorssupply cur­ rent sufficient to light 14,000,000 lamPS of equa!QAdlcpower. Pillars of Progress In 1922 the American people used one billion dollars' worth of electrical energy. And every five years the demand for this energy doubles. Think what this increasing You will find this use of electricity means in monogram on all brightened homes and in types• of electrical equipment used by products manufactured. The power and light com­ panies. The General General Electric Company Electric Company de­ signs and builds all takes pride in equipping types of large electri­ cal machinery for the modern electric light and generation, transmis­ power plants; their chimneys sion and distribution of electric power. are pillars of progress. GENERAL ELECTRIC 210 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ooec::aTi and Tubes 53-Year Old Guarantee 0'... --... __

You cannot buy a better tire than a Riverside Cord. So why pay more? That is what thousands of customers tell us. For quality, length of service, for protection against skidding, for size and strong construction, River­ side Cords equal tires even at one-third higher cost. Then why pay an extra price? Here are the facta . The quality-service giving quality-ofRiverside Cords, and the big saving in price, have made Ward's the Jargest retailers of tires in the world/ We sell from 5,000 to 6,000 tires a day to men just like yourself. Many of them to men who have used Riverside Cords for years. Built-in Quality "Quality First." Look at the tire. The big heavy blocks of live rubber in the center, the extra thick side studs and the husky ribs give long mileage. They grab the wet roads and help prevent skidding. Riversides have a national rep­ utation for quality. To this we have added a reputation as the "Safety Tire."

C'I have 4 Riverside Tires on "Two Riverside Tires and my car. They have given me heavy duty tubes have worn better service than any other out two sets of more expensive tire I have ever used, and I tires used on the other side of have used 7 different kinds." the same car. I recommend Rev. Willis R. Booth, everyone to use Riversides.' ~ Henryville, Ind. W. R. Hays, Nashville, Tenn. MontgomeJ3TWard &Ca The Oldest Mail Order House is Today the Most Progressive Chicago Kansas City St. Paul Portland,Ore. Oakland, Calif. Fort Worth OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICAL WORKERS AND OPERATORS PUBLISHED MONTHLY

G. M. BUGNIAZET, Editor, Machinilta' Building, Wa.hington, D. C.

Thil Journal will not be held relponlible for view. exprel.ed by corre­ .pondenta. The firat of each month i. the clolinK date; all copy mUlt be in our hand on or before.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS INTERNATIONAL IntPrnational President, J. P. NOONAN EXECUTIVE BOARD 506 :lIachinists' Bldg.,Washington, D. C. FRANK J. McNcLTY Chairman International S('cretary, G. :II. BumnA· M'achinists' Bldg., Washington, D. C. ZET. (i06 :llachinlsts' Bldg., Wa8blng· First District _ _ G. W. WHITFORD ton, D. C. 1517 Third Ave., New York, N. Y. International Treasurer, W. A. HOGAN, Second District _ _ _ F. L. KELTS C47 South Sixth St., Mt. Vernon, N. Y. 115 Beacon St., Hyde PRrk, Mass. Third District _ _ _ M. P. GORDON INTERNATIONAL VICE PRESIDENTS' 607 Bigelow Blvd., Pittsburgh, Pa. Fourth District _ EDWARD ~OTHXAGEL E. INGLlIlS, 559 St. James St., London, 110 R St., N. E., Washington, D. C. Ont., Can. Fifth District _ _ _ M. J. DOYLE Jonx J. R~IITn, 63 Paul Gore St., 4923 Grand Blvd., Chicago, Ill. Jamaica Plaln~, Mass. Sixth District _ _ _ FRANK SWOR G. :II. BI'ONIAZlIlT, Machinists' Bldg., 2822 Forest Ave.. Dallas, 'l'exas Washington, D. C. Sev('nth District _ _ C. F. OLIVIilR A. :II. HULL, P. O. BOl[ 1196, New Or· 258 So. Marlon St., Denver, Colo. leans, La. Eighth District _ _ J. L. McBRIDE 165 James St., Labor Temple, H. H. BROACH, Machinists' Bldg., Wash Winnipeg, Can. ington, D. C. D. W. TRACY, 2505 Yupon Street, TELEPHONE OPERATORS' Houston, Tel[. DEPARTMENT '1'. C'. VIC'KERS, 537 Pacific Bldg., San President _ _ _ _ JULIA O'C'O!'lNOIt Frandsco Calif. 1108 Tremont Bldg., Boston, :llas8. E. J. EVANS, 127 N. Dearborn St., Room Secretary _ _ _ _ MABLE LESLIE 1;;OG, Chicago, Ill. 1108 Tremont Bldg., Boston, :lla8s. Contents Pa,. Shall Electrical Workers Live Longer 213 Wives, Mothers and Children of Electrical Workers Being In- sured in Labor's Insurance Co. 214 Editorial 216 Extension of Child Labor Fight 224 Common Sense and Reasonable Care Will Save Workers' Lives 225 Third Annual Report of Benefit Association Brings Out In- teresting Facts 226 Attack on Ontario Public Ownership Scored 226 What the Old Timer Knows About Resuscitation 227 Electricalettes Make Their Bow 228 Daughter of Electrical Worker Wins $100 Prize 229 The Transmitter 233 In Memoriam . 234 Correspondence 238 Notices 281

"11"11 1111 II '"II2Jli®lt!l'" 1111""" "11"' '11"" 1111' NATIONAL PUBL18B1NO COYPANY,PSINTEBB, WASHINGTON, D. C. 212 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

YOUR EDITOR SUGGESTS!

Snappy letters from correspondents and other mem- bers of the Brotherhood create the welcome impression that the WORKER is being read and appreciated. That is the reason why it is unnecessary for this "proclamation" to carry a kick or a wail. And it doesn't. What it does carry is an invitation to the casual reader to become a steady reader, and to the steady reader, to become a booster for wider and more careful perusal of the JOURNAL. There are a number of brothers who pick up the magazine, glance at its contents, toss it aside, and forget to return to it. We want to cut down that number. We take pride in calling to the attention of the mem- bership the fact that the February WORKER carried an article, "How Rich Are We In Water Power?" that has been widely commented upon. It was what employer newspapers are fond of calling an "exclusive story"­ that is, an article carrying facts and figures hitherto unpublished. The March number, now in your hand, carries another such article, "Shall Electrical Workers Live Longer?" This is based on the death records of the I. B. E. W. Benefit Association of the last three years. It will interest you. More articles of this kind are to follow. It means that the WORKER is going to be more valuable to you and to your working mate.' If he doesn't read it, get him to. I " I Get some of your non-union friends to read your maga- I i zine. Be proud of it. I I All this will mean, in the end, a better organization. I I I I I_C~~~~J~~I~o.-.(, __C) ___~'~~o.:. THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS AND OPERATORS Official Publication of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers

Entered at W ••hinaton. D. C .. as Second Class matter. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage pro· vided for in Section 1103. Act of October· 3. 1917. authorized March 28. 1922

SINGLE COPIES. 10 CENTS 50 CENTS PER YEAR. IN ADVANCE

VOL. XXIV WASHINGTON, D. c., MARCH, 1925 NO.4 SHALL ELECTRICAL WORKERS LIVE LONGER? o most persons, figures are uninter­ tant, but unfortunately less easily measured, is the tax of Illness and of disability which esting stuff. They fail to tell the is laid upon' men In industrial disputes. warm, human life stories to which Mr. Dublin goes on to say that- T readers usually respond. But figures The economic pressure Is powerful enough that describe the death curve of a large in­ to keep men on the job after common sense dustrial organization like that of the electri­ and medical judgment would suggest a vaca­ cal workers are different. For every tally tion or even periods of medical attention In put down, there lies behind it the tale of a hospitals or other institutions. father cut off in his working prime, a family Surely a biting commentary on the ravages bereft of the companionship and the earning of low wages! power of the bread-winner, children made to Mr. Dublin names tuberculosis, pneumonia leave school in order to beg an unfriendly and heart disease as occupational diseases. seething business world for a living. Such The tuberculosis rate among industrial work­ figures cannot be uninteresting, especially to ers is 12 times the rate for farmers; the persons most intimately concerned. pneumonia rate is twice that for white col­ Such figures give a needed glimpse into lar workers; and the rate for heart disease the world of industry. During the great is three times as high. war we were concerned at the casualties Electrical Workers Pay Dearly among American troops-as we should be­ but we do not realize that industry is a kind Electrical workers do not escape their of daily war, taking its toll in dead and share of this life-blood tax. Indeed it is a wounded-even as the opposing guns on the safe conclusion that our trade is the most battle front collect human salvage. hazardous above-the-ground occupation in the world. The difficulty is that statistics Industry is a Daily War are meagre and so unreliable. Few agencies Let us carry this comparison a little have interested themselves in ascertaining further. In 1918 Dr. Eugene Lyman Fiske, the number of the lives offered up every medical director of the Life Extension In­ year to the great and inhuman God of stitute, made a study of industrial accidents. Commerce. And figures are deceiving. We Dr. Fiske fixed the total industrial accidents venture to assert that deaths of electrical for that year at 21,356 lives. In that same workers by electrocution are greatly under­ year, with all the organized weapons of estimated. It is to the interest of employers, human slaughter amassed against our who think more of profits than they do of armies, the United States lost 107,284 lives human lives, to hush up the news of a from all causes. . lineman bU>nped off doing duty. The Inter­ Louis I. Dublin, statistician, Metropolitan national Office has recently had occasion to Life Insurance Company, has recently an­ compare its own death figures with those of nounced results of an extended study of another agency, and it found that its death deaths among industrial workers. He dis­ rate by accident was more than double of covered that office workers, holders of white that of the published authority. The figures collar jobs, those far away from high ten­ of the International Office are in the main sion wires, mine damp, whirling wheels, and trustworthy. They indicate a high and white-hot furnaces live 8 years longer than mounting death rate by electrocution, tuber­ the toilers in factory, mine and road. Mr. culosis and pneumonia. Dublin says: Record of Accidents and Deaths By Occu­ The handicap of eight years In the expec­ pational Disease for International Broth­ tation of life is In the nature of a tax which erhood of Electrical Workers miJIion8 of men who are engaged In industry pay under present conditions. It is a meas­ 1922 urable and a very real burden which might Line- Inside- To- readily be expected from the very nature of men men Misc.· tal industrial employment and the mode of life Elp{'trocution ______23 7 1 31 of workers. This Is, however, not the only Falls (fractures, breaks) __ 9 4, 13 tax which they pay. Possibly more Impor- Burns (explosions, etc.)____ 4 4 • 214 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

Llne- Inslde- To- must yield, to solution just as other annoying men m,'n :llIsr" tal Miscellaneous (drowning, and difficult problems in industry have been vehicular) __ .______3 I) 3 11 made to yield. But it is just as obvious Tuberculosis ______\1]8 6 33 that solution, reform, betterment, lies largely Pneumonia ______3 11 3 17 with the workers themselves, and in the Total ______109 main with the organized workers. The boss 1928 is too busy with sales, profits, and dividends Electrocution ______12 10 7 29 Falls, etc. ______I) 7 12 to care much about what happens to the Burns, etc. ______3 3 6 men. The men must first care enough to Miscellaneous ______6 11 17 make the boss care. This has been the Tuberculosis ______7 19 5 31 Pneumonia ______I) 14 1 20 history of our struggle for indus~rial free­ dom. Total ______115 Here are some of the things which can 1924 be done to lessen accidents and occupational Electrocution ______29 11 I) 45 Falls, etc. ______13 11 4 28 hazards in the electrical industry: Burns, etc. ______4 1 1 6 1. High wages. Health depends upon ade­ Miscellaneous ______2 7 2 11 quate medical care and freedom from worry. Tuberculosis ______5 22 1 28 Pneumonia ______7 23 30 2_ Insistence on every safeguard known to science to prevent accident and death. Total ______148 3. Care. The worker must form a habit 'Includes all branches of trade except of carefulness. linemen and inside men. 4_ Accurate record of accidents_ Workers Must Help Themselves Then the answer to the question which It is obvious that this problem of the elec­ heads this article will be in the affirmative: trical workers' life and health will yield, and The Electrical Worker Shall Live Longer.

WIVES, MOTHERS, CHILDREN· OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS ARE BEING INSURED IN LABOR'S FIRST OLD-LINE INSURANCE COMPANY The Union Cooperative Insurance Asso­ New Company Well Received ciation is now an established going corpora­ tion_ The reception accorded the new insur­ It is so far as we know the first legal ance company through the labor world is reserve old line life insurance company very encouraging. to be established and controlled by any It is not as though this company were group of organized labor. in the hands of men who knew nothinl': The company was licensed in the District about insurance. The officers of the IntEr~ of Columbia to begin writing business the national Brotherhood of Electrical W orke:cs first of January, 1925, having been actually and those they have employed have for incorporated under the laws passed by the past three years demonstrated in the Congress for the District of Columbia on conduct of the Electrical Workers Benefit November 10, 1924. Association that they know something about Its future now rests very largely with the insurance business. The first essential the members of the International Brother­ in our business is integrity; the second hood of Electrical Workers and with the essential is intelligence. The affairs of this members and officers of other groups of company will be economically and efficiently organized labor. A very shrewd financial handled. Many of the members of the observer recently said when he heard that International Brotherhood of Electrical this company had been started, "Well, I Workers have sent in applications for in­ knew it was bound to come_ Labor is go­ surance on their wives or on members of ing to learn to handle its own money and their families. This is exactly the service conduct its own business affairs_ When we had hoped to render. The Benefit Asso­ Labor started cooperative banks it was ciation cannot insure the families of mem­ evident to anyone with a knowledge of bers of the Brotherhood, but through this financial affairs in this country that sooner new company we are able to serve the or later labor would establish its own insur­ members of the families of our Brotherhood ance company." To conduct banks without members and in addition to serve any other insurance companies connected or affiliated persons in the North American continent directly or indirectly with them is a good many of them women who need sound Iif~ deal like trying to grow willow tree" with­ insurance prot&ction. This is a part of the out water_ The insurance companies are great cooperative movement which is in­ the greatest feeders of the banks because creasing the power of organized labor in they are the great method naturally and this country. properly used by the great majority of Rank and File Pleased American people to create an estate and to W~ wish to quote from a letter recently save their own money. receIved at the office. It is written by a • WORKERS AND OPERATORS 215

hard-working American citizen, one of the (like the I. B. E. W. insurance and the great army of producers whose brain and Brotherhood banks), Labor has the po\ver to control the capital of the world. A coopera­ whose brawn is making the nation great. tive accumulation of fifty cents per month We quote his words because he has grasped per man, if all the workers could be induced the great underlying and fundamental fact to do that, would soon give Labor control of the country. which sooner or later is bound to win: "The producers should set themselves each "Life has taught me to believe firmly in year to hold on to a little bit of the cash the cooperative movement. It is a matter that comes to them. The time will then surely of slow growth, but it will grow substantial dome when labor's cooperative enterprises and solid like a great tree. Instead of many will have as managers that class of men men working at cross-purposes they should who would otherwise be capitalists, 1. e., the all pull in the same direction. Under our men who have the ability to manage, and present system I have been so occupied in these men should be well paid for their abil­ making a bare living, I have not been able ity to manage. This will be a matter of slow to devote any time or work to this great growth, but it Is the only hope I see in step. this country for the producers. It is the "Xo individual worker or laboring man can pathway which will lead to freedom and Inde­ hold much money but through cooperation pendence." KEEP THE OLD FLAG FLYING HIGH 216 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

EDITORIAL

Ford's We have lost Brother Ford as Secretary. "I am forced Resignation to lay down the work," said he, "which has been a living, breathing part of me for so many years. The Secretary's work, as you know, has been very exacting, and the nervous strain intense and exhausting. I have no complaint but I must admit I am tired and worn. The job has sapped much of my strength and my health is such that I simply cannot go on." Ford wants no praises. He cares utterly nothing for them. He is the most modest and least conceited of men we know. But the new Secretary cannot .allow his resignation to pass without com­ ment in these pages. It cannot be allowed to pass without comment, because only those who have been associated with Ford can ever realize how he has slaved and grieved, labored and struggled for this organization. And we know the price he has had to pay-the price of heart­ aches and sorrow-loneliness and bitter disappointment-strained and overtaxed nerves-and finally shattered health. It's simply the old story of the price that must be paid by most officials in the labor movement, for this business of representing a labor organiza­ tion is no child's play. Few men can ever know the loss the organization has suffered. Few can ever know what Brother Ford has contributed toward hold­ ing it together in times of internal strife and confusion and building it up in times of peace. In his trials, he displayed rare' judgment and courage. He' showed real brains and character, and thought with astounding clearness. He refused to flatter the membership. He did not cater to popular sentiment. He spoke truthfully to the members-unpleasant as the truth was at times. He fought for their rights, and keenly felt their wrongs. Ford thought little of himself and his efforts. Often he has said, "Individuals are nothing; what is one man, more or less, in this great organization? Men come and go, die and are forgotten; only institutions and principles endure. Our Brotherhood will live on and on!' - He says he cannot forget. N either can his associates forget. He was generous enough to say, "It makes me happy to know the affairs of the organization are being left in much stronger hands than mine." This high tribute from Brother Ford is greatly appre­ ciated, and the present Secretary can only hope for the same' coopera­ tion from the membership as was given Brother Ford. Yes, God made only one Charles P. Ford.

Insure with An official of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, Your Own New York-one of the old-line legal reserve companies, Company a private enterprise-is authority for the statement that "industrial workers constitute four-fifths of the 5,000,- 000 men" wl!o are carrying its life insurance. Here is a striking instance of the way workers are contributing to an insurance cor­ poration affiliated with employer banks and business. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 217 The official of the Metropolitan failed to state just what huge expense to the worker stockholders (for it must be understood that policy holders are stockholders in insurance companies) is incurred in doing this business. It is estimated that few of the present insurance companies show an expense rate of less than 20 cents out of each dollar of premium received and not a few companies show an expense reaching the astonishing figure of an amount equal to 40 or 50 cents out of each dollar's premium. The most elaborate report on the activities of privately managed insurance companies in their relation to labor was prepared for the American Federation of Labor by Charles F. Nesbit, actuary of the 1. B. E. W. benefit association and manager of the Union Cooperative Insurance Company. Here are some high lights from Mr. Nesbit's report: "Insurance companies are the principal feed to banks. Labor banks need the stabilizing support of labor insurance companies. "Sixty billion' dollars of life insurance is now in force in the United States. "Gross premiums paid to companies each year exceed value of the mining output, of) the automobile output, and are second in value only to farm production. "At present rate of increase insurance companies will be in a position to control practically all the industries of the United States in 50 years. "Profits of these insurance companies are enormous, based on parallel studies in fire insurance fields." The foregoing present just a few reasons why the Union Co­ operative Insurance Company-the workers' first insurance com­ pany-has been founded. And they give adequate excuse for the space devoted in this number of the Worker to health, accident pre­ vention, and insurance. And they form enough evidence to bring every worker to the wise conclusion that he should patronize his own insurance company.

End of No, it didn't happen. The Brothers of Doom who the World thought they had a direct wire to Heaven were all wrong. Just a few fits were thrown and a .few real estate agents cleaned up in a small way. That's all. So the world goes on just as it has gone on for millions of years, and just as it will doubtless continue to go 'on for ~illions of more years. It's simply a question of whether we will believe scientists who can tell us to the minute when the moon will pass the sun, millions of miles away, or whether we will believe a few witch-doctors who get the delirium tremens or the blind staggers every time they read the Bible. We yet have time to do a lot of things before the earth is hurled into nothingness, and it will be quite a while before the devil cracks his whip over our heads and we feel the blast of hate. So don't be disturbed. Those who have felt they were pinch-hitters for the Lord have batted 1000 per cent wrong in predicting the end of things. To date they have scored just 1000 misses out of a possible 1000. 'In 1843 and in 1881, they created a much bigger stir than in 1925. Then business men sold out in many instances and joined 218 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL the thousands who waited for the end on hills and house-tops, clad in starched robes of white muslin. If this office had been passing out any advice just before the zero hour for the end of the world, set for last month, it would have been the same advice it now ventures to our members: Do your best to send a delegate to the next convention. Immediately take out insurance in your new insurance company. Promptly pay all indebtedness to your local union. Attend your local's meetings regularly. When things don't go right, make them go right. You are not blameless. When you talk, say something worth saying. When a serious controversy arises in your local, don't try to sit on the fence and hang over both sides at one and the same time in the vain hope of pleasing everybody. Take a stand, and take what you honestly believe to be the right one. Don't be afraid to oppose the crowd. Reason with it. Don't let its' empty applause deceive or intoxicate you. Don't compromise between common sense and sentiment. Don't take the soiled linen of your local and hang it up where everybody can see it. Be quick to encourage your local officers when they are doing their best. Show them their efforts have been noticed and are appreciated. Store your mind with facts. Don't lie to yourself. If you must lie, practice op. others.

When It is really too bad that hot air and fine declarations the BMS always prove such poor substitutes for good wages and Whistles working conditions. And it is too bad that one mil- lionaire concern finds hypocrisy so rampant that it must expose one of the pet schemes of other millionaire concerns. But the unexpected has happened just the same. The Russell Sage Foundation, established by a millionaire, now says that the company union is a cheat and a fraud. Of course this is old stuff but it is refreshing and deserves some notice anyway. The company union, says the report, "does not develop leadership or stimulate interest among wage earners. They do not fee}. free to act in opposition to the company's interest in defense of fellow employees. In actual practice the employees' representatives have no share in decisions concerning reported grievances." Certainly they do not feel free to act in opposition to the com­ pany's interest. Why should they? Why should they be ingrates? Doesn't the company union belong to the company? Didn't the company pay for it? Didn't the company· organize it? Didn't the company write the by-laws? Then why should the company be cheated? Only a blind fool thinks that the workers have any share in making the final decisions on grievances. Just ask some of the Bell Telephone employees or some of the railroad workers, or ask some of the textile workers who only lately were given such a: good dose of company unionism that they voted to reduce wages 10 per cent and hold no further meetings unless called by the company. Ask any of them and they will tell you that the company union is such a noble thing that it must be protected at all times by the black list, the sneak, the spy, and armed guard. Indeed it is such a fine thing that it meets only when the boss blows the whistle. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 219 Junking The knife has been driven into the Child Labor Bill. Pledges Enough legislatures have denied approval to prevent its adoption in the near future. We freed the negro, but refused to free the child. We have thrown protection around our pigs, muskrats, and buzzards, but left our children shackled to the altar of Mammon. Before election both the Democratic and Republican parties were for the bill. Their conventions went on record for it. They urged the State legislatures to approve it. Calvin Coolidge and his Republican committee were for the bill. All the political bosses were for it-all were very strong for the protection of the helpless little wage' slaves before the votes were counted. But when it came to a showdown after election, both old party machines turned thumbs down on the amendment. Calvin Coolidge appeared deaf and dumb. The hounds of the press were turned loose. White was made black, and black, white. The people, as usual, were drugged into a state of indifference and made to believe the bill was so "red" that it came from Russia. The lies came so thick and fast that had the people been told the Golden Rule was an instrument of the devil and the Declaration of Independence was written in Moscow, they would have just as readily believed that, too. Practically every legislature that betrayed the children was thoroughly dominated and ruled by either the Democratic or Repub­ lican machine-the same machine that went on record for the bill before election. The root of the whole matter, of course, is simply this: We have, according to the last census, 1,060,858 child toilers between the ages of ten and fifteen years; and we have 1,437,783 children between the ages of seven and thirteen not in school, most of whom are indus­ trial slaves. And you know and we know that the only possible reason why these children are sacrificed to the God of Profits is be­ cause they can be forced to do more work for less pay than adults. The slave drivers pay children less for the same work than they would b~ forced to pay adults. It's simply organized greed squeezing the largest possible amount-of work out of the bodies of children for the smallest possible amount of money. And this is the greed that controls the machines of both old parties-and controls them body and soul. So if you are still blind enough to believe in the platforms of the old parties, we feel you are hopeless. Their machines always respond quickly to the clinking of well-done coins, and they whiz by the average voter without even honking their horns to let him know the machines are coming-except when a campaign is on.

Controlling Governor Gifford Pinchot, Pennsylvania, has given Giant Power stimulus to public interest in giant power. In his annual message to the Pennsylvania legislature he delivers himself of some important truths that electrical workers as well as others are glad to hear publicly expressed. "The time is almost here," he asserts, "when electric utility companies will be interconnected all the way from Chicago to the Gulf and from the Atlantic Coast to the Great Plains. Already a single dispatcher­ controlling not trains but current-gives orders for the disposal of the power of several interconnected electric systems. * * * 220 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL There is already advancing with immense rapidity a consolidation of companies engaged in supplying this universal source of power which has already transcended state lines and has in many respects reached national proportions. * * * Leaders of the electrical industry do not hesitate to forecast interconnection in the near future all over the United States." In other words, the chief executive of the Keystone State has come to see what electrical workers and others in the labor move­ ment have seen for a decade. The principal industrial power of the immediate future is to be not steam but electricity. Electricity is capable of changing the life of all of us. The politics of this gen­ eration is to revolve round the question who shall own and control the millions of electric horsepower in our streams. Governor Pinchot says: "Our giant power program takes no ac­ count of public ownership. It takes the situation as we find it and does not even raise the issue. It is the companies which will raise it if it is to be raised at all. If the people of this country ever turn to the nation-wide public ownership of electric utilities, it is because the companies have driven them to it. It will only come if the com­ panies have so opposed and prevented reasonable and effective regu­ lation that the people have only one choice left: between servitude to a gigantic and unendurable monopoly and ownership- of the monopoly themselves." Understanding that the Governor of Pennsylvania must be cau­ tious, we would supplement the foregoing with two remarks: First, is not the electric monopoly already an accomplished fact? Secondly, do not uniformly high electric rates indicate that the public is already being gouged?

Killing A germ-killer 50 times as strong as carbolic acid-and Germs harmless. This is the latest discovery of scientists. It marks another advance in man's age-long struggle to con­ trol his own life, freeing it from the bounds set by his own mortal nature. It has taken ten years to perfect this new antiseptic. A corps of men with the devotion and enthusiasm of soldiers set to work in a laboratory at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, to experiment. They succeeded. The world is richer. Man's life is prolonged. All honor to these soldiers of the common good for their ac­ complishment. Yet, we cannot help wonder why men can't manifest the same skill, devotion, patience and enthusiasm toward solving some other common problems-labor problems for instance. Take poverty. It no doubt causes more deaths in the world every year than diabetes or Bright's disease, illnesses for which the new antiseptic is a specific. Take child labor. Child labor probably lays a basis for more deaths than malarial swamps or typhus wells. Take unprotected mines and factories. More deaths rQsult from lack of proper safety appliances in industry than from infected tonsils and diseased ap­ pendix. Yet poverty, child labor, unprotected industry, go on. Why? Just as physicians seek new germ killers, scientists are at work in these social problems, too. Yet why do not specific cures follow? For one thing, society is more complex than the human body. For another thing, men are blinder to social than to bodily ills. For another thing, powerful, selfish, impersonal,. special interest stands WORKERS AND OPERATORS 221 in the way. Yet advances against social disease have been made, and will continue to be made by the courage and devotion of workers themselves.

Labor Turrus We might just as well admit it. Labor has turned a a Corner corner. Labor is no longer on the defensive in the public mind. The\ fat boys in the long b'lack coats, who believe in fat profits and lean wages, are on the defensive. Oh, that doesn't mean that all is well, and the goose hangs hight With a president of super-dignity and zero-activity, astride a mechanical hobby horse; with senators and congressmen of ultra­ dignity prating about patriotism while they fight high wages for honest craftsmen and vote big salaries to themselves; with corpora­ tion masters stuffed with profits and drunk with power, plundering natural resources-this nation is not a comfortable picture for honest, intelligent workingmen. But despite these discords in the universal throb of syncopation, labor knows it has turned a corner, and set its feet. on the high road of achievement. First, research-the scientific method-has be­ gun to fight for labor's goals. Second, more and more people are beginning to see that organized labor, with its respect for contract and its demand for collective bargaining, is a constructive, lawful force in industry, and that its opposite is destructive and lawless. Third, labor is discovering and using to its advantage cooperative organization as is seen in its banks and insurance companies. Fourth, labor, organized labor, has become conscious of its own power, no longer is apologetic, and with high morale rallies round its institu­ tions, confident of repelling every attack.

Commendation Without "knocking" the fun and chaff which now and then appears in our correspondence columns, we can't help calling attention to the February letter of Local 620, Sheboygan, Wisconsin. Here is a letter thoughtful and informative. It offers valuable information for all electrical workers the length and breadth of the land.

Make Radio Good news has reached this office in the form of Industry Ours an announcement that the radio industry is to be organized by electrical worKers. Broadcasters, operators, and other assistants in this great new field are to be shown the value of organization, and the benefits of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. It is a step in the right direc­ tion. Here is an industry that is growing beyond all conception. Barron's, a financial weekly, reports the increase in business of the Radio Corporation of America as follows: 1920 ______$2,095,347 1921 ______4,160,844 1922 ______1923 ______26,394,789 1924 ______54,848,131

Barron's estimates the gross business in the radio industry for 1924 at $350,000,000. It is destined to be a billion dollar industry in a~other five years. 222 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL As this field is approached by electrical workers, once again two outstanding facts about our organization become apparent. First, it stands in a strategic place in reference to expanding indus­ try, both in the radio and water power fields. Second, its flexible . organization is well adapted to meet this constant need for ex- pansion.

Helping Calls have already begun to reach the International Each Other Office for assistance in preparing wage briefs. This Up office is prepared to continue its cooperation, but each Local must bear in mind that it must first compile and send to us with its application local data touching- 1. Present terms of agreement; 2. Trade conditions in your city; 3. Past and present wage scales; 4. Wage scales of other trades in 1923 and 1924, and 1925, if yet fixed; 5. Some history of past relations with employers. This office has already cooperated with a number of Locals in 1925 adjustments. This is a good time to commend Locals for the fine way they answered the recent questionnaire sent out by this office touching wages and hours. No inquiry has excited so much interest among Locals in years, and the response was excellent. Still there are a number of Locals which have neglected this request, and they should be reminded again that our request was based on a desire to aid not only the Loca:l but the entire membership. And while we are on this subject, don't forget the new de­ partment, the TRANSMITTER. This can be of inestimable value, with proper cooperation, to all of us.

DO YOU GET YOUR WORKER? (If not, send us your new address.)

My Local Number is ______

My Name is ______

My Old Address was ______

Change My Address to ______'- ______

City and State ___ ------_ -_ - - - - ______We want you to get your WORKER. We mail it to your last known address, but if you do not get it, something is wrong, so send us your address. In all communications to International Office, be sure to state your Local number. • (Cut out and mail to "THE ELECTRICAL WORKER," Machinists Building, Washington, D. C.) WORKERS AND OPERATORS 223

THE NEW SLAVERY!

MAN IS THE ONLY ANIMAL THAT WORKS ITS YOUNG

Here is our cartoonist's idea of the re­ dren in modern mines and mills and the sults of the referendum on the Child Labor slavery of negroes in the cotton fields. He Act. With unerring insight he sees the cries out against it, as does the heart of real motive of those employers who want every humane person. Charlotte Perkins to work children-profits. He draws a true Gilman caustically remarks that man is the parallel between this slavery of little chil- only animal that works its young. 224 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL EXTENSION, NOT ABANDONMENT, OF CHILD LABOR FIGHT IS DECISION REACHED BY ORGANIZED LABOR IN UNITED STATES In keeping with its fighting spirit and an employee of the Clark Publishing Com­ inured to long and difficult struggle, organ­ pany. ized labor will continue its fight for the The Clark Publishing Company its owned ratification of the child labor amendment. by David Clark, editor of the Southern Tex­ Instead of six months, the battle to free tile Bulletin, organ of the cotton mill owners American childhood from exploitation may of the South. Mr. Clark, for many years. take two years, but the fight is not to end. has been part of the cotton-mill lobby, which This was the decision reached by the Execu­ has operated in Washington and elsewhere tive Council of the American Federation of in opposition to child-labor legislation. Labor. All these "cotton mill farmers" who are One of the material gains in the present officers of the league admitted that the indecisive struggle is the unmasking of the league does not attempt to collect dues from opposition. The National Association of its members. They were unable to produce Manufacturers has been driven squarely in any membership roll and they refused to the open as favoring the present practice tell where they got the money to pay for of working children. this advertisement. Through the enterprise of "Labor," na­ Mill Bank Cashier Is President tional weekly newspaper, the notorious Apparently the only farmers connected "Farmers States Rights League," bitter op­ with the league were two men who had ponent to the amendment, has already been consented to permit their names to be used disclosed. Labor announced that under this in connection with the incorporation of the name they have beeen flooding the wheat organization. These farmers are apparently States with advertising and propaganda in honest, straightforward citizens. They ad­ order that children in the textile mills might mitted that they knew nothing about the be allowed to work without any protection. league. They had permitted the use of Realizing that the farmers in the west have their names, they said, because they had been given the working children in their own told that it was proposed to pass a law which States good laws, and that they would resent would prevent their children from even do­ the plea of the cotton interests to help them ing the chores on the farm. They were as­ get their labor young and cheap, the textile sured that they would not be expected to mill owners, apparently for no other pur­ make any financial contribution. pose than to misinform the farmers about The records of the Secretary of State of the amendment, started an alleged fake farm­ North Carolina show that this League was ers' organization, immediately after Congress incorporated by the cashier of a cotton mill submitted it. This organization has been bank-Ben T. Wade of Troy, N. C.; by a instrumental in the Middle West in arousing storekeeper at the Rhyne-Anderson cotton sentiment against the amendment. mill, N. H. Williams of Candor, N. C., and Not Farmers' OrKanization by two farmers who did not know that the League was being used to send large quan­ The Farmers' States Rights League, is not tities of paid advertising through the agri­ a farmers' organization. Its president ia cultural parts of the country; G. H. Greene the cashier of a cotton mill bank. Its vice of Yadkin College, N. C., and L. H. Hilton of president is an employee of a cotton mill Thomasville, N. C. The League was incor­ store. Its chief agent-the man who writes porated July 28, 1924. The headquarters of the ads for agricultural papers-is listed the Farmers' States Rights League could in the Charlotte (N. C.) city directory as pot be located.

ROMAN STANDPATTERS YELPED "PUBLIC OWNERSHIP IS DANGEROUS," SENATOR HOWELL OF NEBRASKA TELLS NEW YORK REPUBLICAN LEADERS Through the personal permission of Sena­ of Caesar. It would seem that real estate tor Howell, the WORKER is able to reprint was quite as valuable -in Rome at that dis­ the most amusing story of reactionary oppo­ tant date, as it is in some of our great sition to public ownership we have ever cities. heard. This is an excerpt from an address A letter has recently been found, written given before the National Republican Club, by a provincial who was sojourning with his New York, January, 1925. daughter in Rome. He complained bitterly When I analyze the so-called "insuperable of the profiteering of the Roman landlords. objections" to public ownership, I hear voices He had to pay, he said, $1,600 for a three­ out of the dim and distant past-reverbera­ room apartment for three months. And at tions from the Roman forum about the time that time there were no elevators, no cen- WORKERS AND OPERATORS 225 tra! heating plants, no hot and cold water largest real estate holders in the Imperial faucets, and artificial refrigeration was un­ City. Not only did he become the Astor of known. Rome, but the J. P. Morgan also. Subse­ The majority of the dwellings then in quently a tribune arose and alleged that it Rome were constructed of wood, and, as a was scandalous to think that" the people's consequence, when a conflagration started, property should be taken from them for a under favorable circumstances, it swept large song as the result of threatened danger. portions of the city. Fire was the terror of Why not a publicly owned and operated fire Rome in those days, and yet they had no department? adequate means for contending with this I said I could hear voices out of the dim element. and distant past. I imagine I can hear Crassus Was a Wise Guy them now-charging that our form of gov­ Crassus, who, if he were living in the ernment is not adapted to public ownership; present day, would be one of the leading that our present system is good enough-why captains of industry, hit upon an idea. He change; that public ownership co aId only organized a private fire brigade, composed be inefficient and wasteful, and that a pub­ of slaves. He trained this organization with licly owned fire department would give poorer great care and equipped it with all the fire­ service than one privately owned-and that fighting appliances known at that time, in­ such a step would sound the knell of private cluding a few of his own inventions. Not initiative. only that, but he stationed look-outs in Of course, they did not say anything about various parts of Rome to bring word in the socialism, because they did not know any­ quickest possible time of threatening fires. thing about it at that time. But that tribune One would think from this that Crassus triumphed and from that time until this was a highly public-spirited man. When a there have been public fire departments. fire broke out Crassus or one of his agents Would you change? was promptly on the ground. Did they proceed to put out the conflagra­ Surely, history repeats itself. Public tion at once? Oh, no. They proceeded to ownership is a question that should be at­ hunt up the owners of adjacent properties tacked with an open mind. Ought we to threatened by this terrible element and de­ approach it with our selfish interest in mind, manded what they would take for their hold­ with our pre-conceived notions? Or ought ings. If the price was too high, the laconic we to approach possible changes and devel­ reply was, "Let it burn." If the terms were opments in our social and economic systems made Crassus ordered the fire extinguished. just as the scientists in our physical, chemi­ Why Not Public Ownership cal and electrical laboratories search for new As a result, Crassus became one of the and important means and methods? COMMON SENSE, REASONABLE CARE, AND EXPENDI­ TURE OF MONEY FOR PROPER SAFE-GUARDS WILL SAVE WORKERS' LIVES (Editor's Note.-Members of the Brotherhood Sufficient space being provided amid elec­ are generally aware of safeguards again"t trical equipment, lines, etc. death and accident while on duty. The fol­ lowing list is not given in order to in"trnct Adequate climbing space on poles. so much as to bring out what recommenda­ Signal lines be placed on separate poles tions have beE'n made by the U. S. Depart. from those carrying high tension wiring. ment of Commerce in the Proposed National Electrical Safety Code. This codp, first de­ Temporary barriers being provided where finpd in 1920, is now being revised by com­ new construction brings men near to high mittees drawn from manufactnrprs of elec· tension wiring. trical equipment, power companies, electrical workers represented by mpmbers of the Rooms and spaces being well lighted. B?otherhood, and other interested groups.) Floors and passageways being level. All openings be provided with handrails If you want maximum conditions of and all stairways with toe-boards. safety, insist upon: Safe exits. Individual motor drives. Frequent inspections. Use of locks in controlling switches. All equipment properly electrified. Dynamic braking. Privilege of working in pairs. Live electrical parts being isolated and First aid outfits. guarded. Insulating wearing apparel. Grounding of dead metal parts such as Protective goggles. frames of generators, motors, and switch­ Safety tools of special design. boards. Grounding of secondary circuits to pre­ Grounding devices. vent leakage of high primary current. Warning and danger signs. Grounding of all equipment which is be­ Safe supports and safety belts. ing worked upon. Clear orders. 226 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF I. B. E. W. BENEFIT ASSO­ CIATION BRINGS OUT SOME INTERESTING FACTS The figures for the year 1924 in the Elec­ a total difference of nearly $30,000, the trical Workers' Benefit Association are showing for 1924 being, so far as these completed. They show another year of figures go, $30,000 less than in 1923. progress. The advantage and wisdom of handling The total assets at the end of the year our own insurance is, however, made appar­ are over nine hundred thousand ($900,000) ent by the fact that the interest received dollars. This would indicate that at the during 1924 was considerably larger than time the Convention meets, when the for 1923, the figures for interest being as officers will render a full and complete re­ follows: port to the representatives of the local lodges at Seattle, they should be able to Interest received (net) 1923 ...... $19,702.96 report around a million dollars in assets. Interest received (net) 1924...... 39,939.44 The year 1924 does not show as large re­ The gain therefore in interest of 1924 ceipts from dues as 1923, the figures being over 1923 is slightly more than $20,000 or so far as payments to the Mortuary Fund quite two-thirds of the excess death losses went: incurred during 1924. During one month of 1924 we had death 1923...... •.....•...• _ •...... ••...... $484,662.70 losses almost twice as great in amount as 1924 ...... _...... 480,262.70 in any previous month in our history. These were all paid just as promptly as The death losses on the other hand were the papers were received here in proper larger in 1924 than in any previous year. shape to permit payment, and this is The showing of death losses is as follows: exactly the service the accumulated funds Death Claims-1923...... _...... $211,160.00 are here to provide. Death Claims-1924...... 236,800.00 Taken on the whole, the membership undoubtedly will share with the officers Thus we see the receipts are approxi­ and trustees a feeling of genuine satis­ mately"$4,260.00 less from members of pay­ faction at the splendid results shown not ments to the Mortuary Fund and the pay­ only during 1924 but ever since the import­ ment of death claims from the Mortuary ant step of forming this Benefit Associa­ Fund are approximately $26,000 larger or tion was taken.

ATTACK ON ONTARIO PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OF WATER POWER BY U. S. INSTITUTE TO BE SCORED ON SENATE FLOOR Senator Norris considers the publication The Globe says that the people of of attacks upon public ownership by the Ontario expect criticism from private inter­ Smithsonian Institution, a Government in­ ests, but "people the world over ever have stitution, of enough importance to make re­ more than ordinary respect for this (Smith­ ply on the Senate floor, he has informed the sonian) institution, and its publications are supposed to be sent to every first-class pub­ ELECTRICAL WORKERS' JOURNAL. lic library on the face of the earth." It has developed that the author of the The report complained of was written attack entitled "Niagara Falls, Its Power, by Samuel S. Wyer, an associate in mineral Possibilities, and Preservation," is Samuel technology in the employ of the institution. S. Wyer, an Ohio engineer, who continues He visited the hydro-electric offices in his fight on the Ontario Hydro-electric de­ Toronto for a few hours, was given all the velopment in the "Nation's Business," of­ information he desired, and departed. Mr. ficial organ of the United States Chamber Wyer later wrote a booklet, bearing the of Commerce, for February. imprint of the ,smithsonian Institution, in Canadians Deplore Incident which he said that the publicly owned and controlled hydro has taken $19,147.014 out In a spirited editorial the Toronto Globe of the provincial treasury, instead of out questions the object of the Smithsonian of earnings, and that by paying losses to Institution of Washington in publishing an the amount of $19,000,000 out of the public erroneous report on the publicy-owned and treasury, the taxpayers have contr~buted publicly-operated hydro-electric power com­ toward the "below-cost" service. pany of that province. Hydro-electric officials consider the Wyer The Smithsonian Institution was estab­ booklet so important that they have made lished by Congress in 1846 "for the increase reply. Over the name of Sir Adam Beck, and diffusion of knowledge among men." the commission bluntly declares the s'ate- WORKERS AND OPERATORS 227

ment that the system has failed to pay retire capital expenditure; in fact, they too the full cost is absolutely false. often add to it. "One can not help questioning the object Gross Errors Alleged of the Smithsonian Institution in publishing such a report as that from the pen of Mr. It is shown that the hydro commission Wyer. People in this province may very .~ pays, and always has paid, out of its income well ask who was the instigator of such an the operating expenses, insurance, taxes, investigation, and why it was not done maintenance, renewals, reserve and interest. with that thoroughness which characterizes In addition to these items, customers are true scientific inquiry. We have had inves­ charged an extra amount to enable the cap­ tigations of the hydro before, some of ital itself to be eventually retired. which occupied many months. The latest "That is an entirely different process," attack is far from creditable to a great says the Globe, "from that followed by institution like the Smithsonian Institu­ private corporations, which, as a rule, never tion."

WHAT THE OLD-TIMER KNOWS ABOUT RESUSCITA­ TION IS SET FORTH IN THIS DISCUSSION OF PRONE PRESSURE METHOD (Editor's Note.-Keen interest on the West on the wire will increase shock and burns. Coast in the question of proper methods of resuscitation has prompted the printing of A live wire may be safely cut off by an this discussion. It is written by a Washing­ ax or hatchet with a dry wooden handle, ton, D. C., physician having wide experience and the electric current may be short cir­ with cases of electric shock.) cuited by dropping a crow bar or poker on The treatment for electric shock is di- the wire. This should be dropped on the vided into two stages. side from which the current is coming and First-the rescue. not on the farther side, as the latter way Second-the treatment. will not short circuit the current before In the rescue the electric current should it has passed through the patient's body. be shut off as quickly as possible. Where Drop the metal bar. Do not place it on the a Jive wire is in contact with the body of wire because you will then be made a part a person, who has been shocked, the wire of the short circuit and will receive the should be promptly removed, and great care current of electricity through your own is necessary in this. A person in contact body. (This detail is given, not because elec­ with a wire or rail carrying an electric cur­ trical workers need it, but because members rent will transfer current to the rescuer, of other trades, who may read this, may if the latter puts himself in the line of be of assistance in rescuing a person who passage of the current. Therefore, the res­ has received an electric shock.) cuer must not touch the body of a person, Brain Centers Paralyzed touching a live wire, unless his own body Electric shock becomes fatal by paralysis is thoroughly insulated. Moreover, he must of a nerve center in the brain which con­ act quickly, as the danger to the patient trols the movement of the lungs, and par­ is much increased the longer the current is tially the movements of the heart. permitted to· pass through his body. If Therefore, the treatment for electrical possible the rescuer should insulate him­ shock is artificial respiration. Some cases self by covering his hands with a rubber of electrical shock from powerful currents coat, rubber gloves, or several thicknesses are hopeless from the beginning, but. it is of dry cloth. Silk is also a good non-con­ impossible to tell this at first, and attempts ductor. In addition he should, if possible, should always be made to save the life of complete his insulation b'y standing on a dry the patient by prompt treatment and by board or a thick piece of dry paper, or the continuation of artificial respiration for even a dry coat. Rubber boots are still one and a half hours, at least. safer, but they cannot usually be procured The best method of artificial respiration is quickly. If a live wire is under a patient the Schaefer or the prone pressure method. and the ground is dry it will be perfectly The advantages of the Schaefer method are safe to stand upon the ground and pull (1) it can easily be performed by one per­ the patient off the wire with the bare son, which is not so of other methods of hands, by pulling the clothing, but the cloth­ artificial respiration, such as the Sylvester ing should not be touched if it is wet. method, for instance, and (2) it can be Live Wires Can Be Handled used when one or both arms are broken, A live wire lying on a patient may with which is not true of the Sylvester method. safety be flipped off with a dry board or One-Man Method Explained stick. In removing the Jive wire from a In the Schaefer method the patient is laid patient or a patient from a live wire, do this on the ground, face down. The arms are with one motion, as rocking him to and frO' stretched out, at full length over his head, II 228 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL or one arm may be bent so that the fore­ arrange to cover the patient with a dry head rests upon it. In either case, the face cloth or with blankets. must be placed slightly to one side, so that As soon as the patient himself begins to the ground or floor will not block off the breathe, but not before, his limbs should air from the nose and mouth. As soon as be well rubbed, toward the heart, under the patient is in proper position, the oper­ the blanket. This will help to restore the ator kneels at one side, or astride the pa­ circulation of the blood. tient's body, but without resting his weight­ If the patient is in a building the windows upon it. The palms of his hands are placed should be opened so that he may have plenty across the short ribs, or the small of the of air. back, with the thumbs nearly together. The It is possible for those who have received operator by letting his weight fall on his an electric shock, which does not render wrists, by bending his body forward, de­ them unconscious, to perform artificial res­ creases the size of the patient's chest and piration of a sort upon themselves, and so air is expelled from the lungs. The pressure to recover without further treatment. This is then released by the operator swinging is done by raising the arms and lowering backward and the elastic chest springs out them again, while taking deep breaths. to its original size, and the air is drawn To summarize, if a person receives an into the lungs. The movement is at the electric shock, the steps in rescue and treat­ rate of 12 to 14 per minute. It is always ment are as follows: better to time these movements with a 1. Shut off the current or remove the watch. patient from contact with the current. 2. Begin artificial respiration. Patient Must Be Kept Dry 3. Dispatch some other person for the If other persons are present they should nearest physician or ambulance.

ELECTRICALETTES MAKE THEIR BOW. NEW AUXIL­ IARY IN TULSA FINDS WAY TO AID BROTHERS. STEP'IN RIGHT DIRECTION A new word has been coined. A new other groups throughout the country. They woman's organization has come into exist­ write: ence, big sister to Local Unions No. 584 Hello! Mr. Editor: and No. 1002, Tulsa, Oklahoma. "Electricalettes" they choose to call We are "The Electricalettes," Auxiliary themselves; and have been in existence for to Local Unions No. 584 and No. 1002, and seven months. with an honorable record be­ I just wonder if you would allow a "tiny" hind them. space in your "Worker" for a stranger? Many "mere men" are likely to think We decided last June that we might be of the women folk as belonging to the of lots of service to our fellow workers of great army of the unorganized, but the Local Unions No. 584 and No. 1002, so we women of Tulsa refuse to be put in that met June 15, 1924, and organized with 22 class. Nor are they like the wife men­ members. tioned in the following story: We are glad to say that we now have A prominent labor leader sneaked home 50 or more members, and the field looks from a "social" game of poker in the cold fine for new ones. damp dawn of the morning. He softly tried We have awfully nice times. Meet every his own inhospitable door and found it Friday night. By the time we get our business over, the men have finished their locked. "Marie, Marie," he called plaintively, "Let business, they join us and we have a little me in." time for sociality, which each one enjoYil Marie's voice from within, "Well, John to the fullest extent. where have you been 1" We have our "Charity Fund" and are so "I have just been to the union meeting glad to say we have placed rays of sun­ where we were discussing the coming shine in several sad hearts and homes, by our donations. strike." "Is that so 1" Marie answered still behind If there are other Auxiliaries, we surely locked doors. "Well, you can just sit right would appreciate a word from them as they might strengthen us in our work. down there on the front steps and think about the present lockout." Sincerely yours, In Tulsa, the women folk stage no such MRS. L. C. MCQUEEN, lockouts. Press Editor. Auxiliary to Local Unions No. 584 and MRS. RUTH L. VAUGHN, No. 1002 is anxious to make contacts with Recording Secretary. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 229 DAUGHTER OF ELECTRICAL WORKER WINS $100 PRIZE FOR FINE APPRAISAL OF SAMUEL GOMPERS AND HIS WORK [Editor's note: Verda N. Morton, daugh­ the ropes of his power. Therefore he had ter of O. J. Morton, Local Union No. 703, Ed­ to appear more radical than he really was. wardsville, Illinois, is the author of this Yet he succeeded in keeping the guns of intelligent article on the late president of the Federation turned upon bolshevism. the American Federation of Labor. As a An extensive biography would not be student at Eureka College she received a half so interesting as a description of his prize of $100 for this work. The JOURNAL last convention which shows very vividly takes pleasure in publishing this essay, both the attitude of the people towards him, for its own merit and for the fact that it and the influence he had over them. This indicates a growing and just pride in the convention was not merely a convention, it public schools in the American Labor move­ was an emotional feast. It was a silent ment.] and a vocal tribute that bowed hardened men to reverence. Delegates who have at­ Samuel Gompers: The Father of Organized tended conventions for twenty years say Labor that nothing like this one has ever hap­ Samuel Gompers is dead, yet he lives. pened before, and others give thanks for The grim reaper has deprived us of his the privilege of having lived long enough mortal body, but deep in the heart of every to have taken part in this one. loyal working man or woman the name of The first day of the convention was Samuel Gompers will live forever. By marked by the arrival of the delegates the working classes of both the United from the Mexican Federation of Labor. States and Mexico he will be remembered They came one thousand strong, dressed in as the "grand old man" who succeeded in their native costumes. The American dele­ putting organized labor upon a business gates were upon their feet, applauding their basis and in raising the standard of living arrival. Som" were on chairs and some among those who toil. were on the' tables. A mood of boisterous Samuel Gompers died at San Antonio, joy and fellowship filled the hall. When Texas, on December 13. Had he lived until quiet was restored and the assembled dele­ the 27th of January of this year he would gates gathered themselves to listen to have been seventy-five years old. With the speeches from the rostrum, a silence fell exception of one year, Mr. Gompers has upon the audience so deep that the faintest served as the President of the American sound could be heard all over the room. Federation of Labor since its founding in On the platform were delegates from five 1886. He. had presided over forty conven­ nations-Mexico, Germany, Canada, Eng­ tions and had been re-elected forty-three land and the United States. And when times. President Gompers asked them to join Although he was born in England he hands and pledge themselves for interna­ spent a greater portion of his life in the tional peace and good will, the hall rang United States. He came here at the age with cheers and big men permitted their of thirteen years. His early life was har­ emotions to steal down their cheeks in assed by poverty and hardships. He left tears that could not be restrained. school at the age of ten and was appren­ All during this convention Mr. Gompers ticed to a shoemaker. He disliked this showed signs of weakness and fatigue when trade, so he became a cigar maker which he exerted himself. His speeches were read had been the trade of his father. His by a Mr. Green, for he could not speak life, as a wage-earner began in New York, loud enough to be heard any distance. and since his fourteenth year 'he has had During each session he sat in his chair, something to do with the unionizing of the white, weak, seemingly a shadc.:v of his working class. His name and personality former self, talking with an effort, obviously symbolize. the labor movement, and it is shaken to a reed by his recent illness. All no exaggeration to say he is the most dis­ this sent a tremor through the hall that tinguished private citizen in the United put it into a mood for further obeisance States. He has enjoyed nearly all the and homage. honors that can come to a private citizen The second day of the convention was who has no desire to hold a public office. as eventful as the first. Frank Tannenbaum describes it in a very beautiful way when Policy Was Moderate he says, "The sun was creeping to the To say he was the "dean of organized west; the blue sky was streaked with gold' labor" hardly describes the man or his the lazy Rio Grande seeemd to stand stili mission. He was a practical administrator to watch the ceremony that was strengely who could not afford to turn his blind side full of meaning and beauty, for the Ameri­ to the radicals in the Federation. Radical­ can delegates were returning the visits of ism was seeking to unhorse him and cut the Mexican delegates. Hundreds of Ameri- 230 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL cans, big men and hardened by battle, mel­ and happiness of my organization," he lowed to the spell of the hour. Gompers calmly said. He then told of the struggles, and Trevinio embraced each other on the the sorrows and the achievements of his . internati9nal bridge and called the sky to organization. He painted a vivid story of witness their pledge of eternal comrade­ a helpless people rising to master their own ship. The scene was fit for poets to de­ destiny-and it was .all a tribute to Samuel scribe, the mood one for prophecy." At Gompers and the aid he had given to the each mention of Gompers' name the hall organization. While he was talking a beau­ rang with cheers and strange as it may tifully made bust of Mr. Gompers was un­ seem, yet it is true, though, that ten years veiled behind the chair in which Mr. ago the name of Gompers in Mexico was a Gompers sat. An electric shock seemed to cause for hissing an,d slander and today sweep the audience to their feet, applaud­ it is cheered and revered. ing; Mr. Gompers, not knowing what it was all about, arose to find the cause and End Presaged There when he saw what had roused the people Each day of the convention brought its. to their feet he collapsed into his chair, lIurprises, its joys and also its sorrows be­ a crying man. He rose to express his cause President Gompers was gradually gratitude for the tribute which had been growing weaker and paler. paid him and the crowd listened breath­ The greatest surprise or event of the con­ lessly to his feeble words, and men who vention came on the afternoon of the sixth had not cried for years shed bitter tears, day. Sigman, of the Ladies Garment Work­ bashfully, yet genuine tears. ers, arose and asked for the privilege to He found labor a commodity; he left it speak. "I ask you to bear with me for a a sovereign and his greatest monument is few minutes and to allow me the oppor­ the well-fed, well-clothed, and well-housed tunity to share with you some of the joy American working man who survives him.

LABOR IN THE MIDDLE AGES By LLOYD M. CROSGRAVE, Special Representative, Workers Education Bureau LAVERY was the characteristic condi- Far to the north and east there were tion of labor in the Ancient World. barbarian tribes-Goths, Vandals, Huns, Before the Ancient World-in pre- Burgundians, etc.-that had developed little S historic times-slavery did not exist civilization. They lived largely by hunting because agriculture and manufactures were and fishing and were engaged much in not sufficiently carried on to make slaves warfare. profitable. As long as the people of southern and For many centuries after it had developed, western Europe remained strong, they were slavery was beneficial. It is unlikely that able to hold back these tribes' by their civilization could have corne into being superior military organization and weapons, without it. Slavery was a vast improve- and they captured many barbarians and mt:nt over the time when men lived alto- made slaves of them. gether by hunting, fishing and warfare and when all captives were killed. The Barharian Invasion and the Middle Age Yet slavery, after existing for thousands When southern and western Europe be­ of years and contributing much to civiliza­ came weakened by an out-worn industria! tion, finally became a source of weakness system, these barbarian tribes gradually and brought about its own destruction. encroached upon it. They did not come all This came about as follows: at once but by 400 A. D. these barbarians By the beginning of the Christian Era, had swept over Europe and most of what slaves had become very numerous in south­ had been ciyilization fell before them. ern and western Europe, where the civilized These tribes, after plundering the cities peoples of Europe were located. Wealth and killing many of the inhabitants, took accumulated in hitherto unheard of quant­ up their residence in the lands they had ities. There came to exist a minority of conquered. The period of about 1,000 years wealthy masters and a great majority of that ensued is known as the Middle Ages, slaves. The masters had their energy, mor­ for it is the period lying between the civili­ ality and strength sapped by the great zation of the Ancient World and that of luxury and idleness in which they were able the Modern World. to live. The slaves followed the example The barbarian invaders learned a litt1~ of their rulers and degenerated in strength of the arts of civilization from the people and virtue. It was a fulfillment of the they overthrew. They tended, in time, to prophecy of the English poet, Oliver Gold­ settle down in communities and to carry smith, who wrote in "The Deserted Village" on, in a crude way, production activities, at toward the close of the Eighteenth century, the same time retaining much of their former mode of life. "Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, They did not form large cities for they Where wealth accumulates and men decay" were not accustomed to them and had not WORKERS AND OPERATORS 231 yet reached the stage when they could the manor, along with the other inhabit­ govern them. On the other hand, nobody ants; he could not be forced to give to his in those times dared live in an isolated chief more labor or material payments than location. When the barbarians settled, was customary on that manor. therefore, they formed small villages. Each As to how this peculiar situation came village was ruled by an hereditary chief. about, there has been much speculation. He usually, in turn, owed homage to a It is most likely that when a manor was superior chief who was ruler over several founded it was much like a modern Indian viIlages but had little power except in mat­ viIlage, in that all the men were warriors. ters of warfare. There were no nations with their wives and children with them, in the m"odern sense. Life in the Ancient a chief being over the whole. As time went World was primarily in the large city; in on and things became more settled, morp the Middle Ages it was mainly in the vil­ attention was given to cattle raising, to lage. agriculture and to certain simple manu­ factures. The men continued, however, to The Rise of the Manorial Sys~m owe allegiance to their chief. The manor The typical viII age of the Middle Ages was not changed from place to place, as an is called a manor. The size, arrangement Indian viIlage would be, and as generation and rules of various man'ors differed con­ after generation went by it came more and siderably, especially since there were no more to be ruled by custom and less and national laws to regulate them. In general. less by the unhampered wiIl of the chir.f. however, they were much alike for their At the same' time, it retained its semi­ purposes were similar--to furnish material military aspect-it had to because of the necessities for, and to protect, their inhab­ lack of national governments and of the itants. need for self protection. The serf, then. In each manor was the manor house or was under the rule of a chief but the real castle of the ruler. About this were ruler was tradition and custom. grouped the houses of the other inhabitants. Custom ruled because, for the most part, The manor house and its surrounding dwell­ neither the chief nor the serf wished to ings was usually protected by a ditch, over sever their relationship.. The chief was which there was a single draw-bridge and benefited because he secured the free culti­ inside of which was a wooden or stone vation of his soil, received certain material wall. payments, had men whom he could summon About this central nucleus, for three or to battle at any time and occupied !In four miles in every direction there extended exalted social position. The serf was bene­ the land of the manor. The population fited because he secured the protection of. was small in those days and each manor the manor in an age when it was ve~' had more land than it could easily use. unsafe to be alone and he had a living that Part of it was in forest, where fuel was was, according to the standards of time, obtained; part was in waste land where comfortable. the cattle belonging to the manor grazed; part was laid out in th·ree enormous fields The Workers' Life in the Middle Age for purpose of cultivation, two fields bein;: It is very hard for us to realize the con­ cultivated each year and the other being dition or the point of view of the worker allowed to lie fallow. on the manor in the Middle Ages. I: He was profoundly ignorant. of the The Serf Under the Manorial System world outside of his village. He could not The workers on the manor were not, for read and there was almost no travel be­ the most part, slaves, although there were tween different places. He began and a few slaves among them; neither were ended his life in the immediate neighbor­ many of them free men. They were serfs. hood of the same village. This was indeed a peculiar situation for II. His standard of life was very low workers to be in. Roman Law had recog­ (although he did not realize it). Commerce nized only two conditions-free or slave. was almost entirely absent and such lOS The typical worker of the Middle Ages was there was dealt in the few luxuries of the between the two. lords. Almost everything used on the On the one hand, the serf was not frep manor was produced within its own pre­ because he could not leave his particular cincts. There was little specialization and manor or particular chief; he had to make production was very inefficient, so there payments to his chief both in labor and ir. was very little for anybody. In years of money; he was dominated largely by the bad crops there was starvation. The wiIl of his chief in personal matters, such houses were mere hovels. The domestic as where he should live, when and whom animals were of poor quality. The human his children should marry, etc. death rate was high. On the other hand, the serf was not a Ill. He had little ambition~ He was slave, for he could not be sold; he could dominated almost entirely by custom. He cultivate for his own use a certain amount never expected to improve his position, as of land (usually about thirty acres, scat­ an individual or a class. It did not occur tered about the large fields); he had the to him to do so. right to use the forest and waste lands of IV. On the other hand, he was assured 232 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL of a certain place in life; he had the use brary has, probably, some works on this of lands that could not be taken from him: subject and they should be read. What he was not likely to starve so long as the is set forth in them, if less exciting than other persons on the manor did not do 50. the deeds of chivalry, is vastly more im­ The manorial system was a natural de­ portant. velopment and it served a useful purpl'se in its time. The position of the worlrer Works Dealing With Labor in the Middle under it was not a good one in most re­ Aees spects, but conditions were doubtless better Cunningham, W.-The Growth of English than they would have been without manor'al Industry "1nd Commerce During the Early system. It gave to Europe a certain degr~p and Middle Ages. of order where otherwise there would have Ashley, W. J.-An Introduction to English been chaos. It enabled people to develop Economic History and Theory. (The above a certain degree of civilization where other­ two works appeared over thirty years ago wise barbarism would have continued in­ and have been the standard works on the definitely. Under the circumstances it was subject ever since, although some new probably inevitable. material has been brought to light since The Passing of the Manorial System they were published.) Lipson, E.-An Introduction to the Eco­ After a while, however, the manorial system lost its usefulness, as slavery did, nomic History of England.' Vol. I. (A and it was superseded by another system. carefully compiled modern work.) Green, Mrs. J. R.-Town Life in the Fif­ The transition from the manor to the teenth Century. (A survey of conditions present industrial system will be described in the next two articles. These will begin at the close of the Middle Ages.) with a description of the workers' position Traill, H. D. and Mann, J. S.-Social Eng­ land. Six Volumes. (An exceptionally in the larger villages, a few of which gradu­ ally grew up in the later Middle Ages. extensive and well illustrated account of developments from tho earliest times to They were called "cities" although they the present.) never became more than small towns. Gibbins, H. de B.-Industry in England. Turning to the literature of the subject, (A comprehensive survey of industry in it is obvious that most books dealing with every period.) the Middle Ages set forth the doings of Tickner, F. W.-A Social and Industrial Knights and ladies although these consti­ History of England. (One of the best of tuted but a small minority of the popula­ the up-to-date shorter histories. Shoult!l tion. The works dealing with the life of be read by everybody interested in indus­ the common people are far less numerous. trial developments.) Yet there are a number of able descriptions of the workers' position, a few of which (Copyright 1925, Workers Education Bureau are mentioned below. Any good public Ii- of America..)

COOPERATION HAILED AS FARMERS' HOPE Uncle Sam will officially throw his hat into ers' crops. Four general principles are laid the cooperative ring if Congress adopts the down for the application of cooperation to recommendations of the President's Agricul­ farming: tural Commission, just submitted after sev­ 1. Cooperative marketing associations eral months' study of the farm situation should pool products and exchange crop and in the United States. Of main significance market information. to cooperators is the fact that the Com­ 2. The gov,ernment should make \surveys mission, after investigating every proposed for farming groups desiring to init18te co­ remedy for depression and instability, was operative action. united in believing that only through apply­ 3. Government auditing of books, to estab­ ing the principles of producers' and con­ lish confidence' in the financial side of the sumers' cooperation can the farmers, so near movement, as well as to standardize accounts. bankruptcy, pull themselves out of the slough 4. Establishment of grades and standards of despair. for farm products. The commission believes that leadership It is not certain that the present Con­ and assistance through the government can gress will be able to translate the commis­ so stimulate the development of marketing sion's views into law. Senator Borah de­ societies as to obtain marked economies in mands a special session, it the Congress can­ the production and distribution of the farm- not pass the needed laws before March 4.

Movies showing cooperation in action are with regular run pictures. It is hoped that being urged in England, following the suc­ a higher type of movie will be substituted cessful example of Sweden. The English for the flicker-shockers now 80 rapidly de­ societies in many cases have halls where basing public taste. the "kinemas" of cooperation can be shown WORKERS AND OPERATORS 233 •

Editor's Note: In order that the International office may compile reliable information for its own use, and for the use of its locals, the Journal has instituted the department of the Transmitter. Members who compile answers to the following questions for the month, and forward them to the Editor, will advance the interest of the entire organization. Needless to say, the Journal and the I. O. both will be grateful.

Public Service Compan~ Rates Electrical Code 1. (a) Give the rate per kilowatt hour for 3. Would like practical suggestions for light and power. (b) Give the name of the changes or new rulings in the National Code company serving. from any workman. 2. What percentage of the new large build­ ings generate their own current?

ORGANIZED FARMERS BACK FIGHT OF UNION WORKERS ON "OPEN SHOP" CONDITIONS IN LOUISVILLE; ASK AID TILL VICTORY LOOMS (By International Labor News Service) Organized farmers and organized city mechanics in their struggle for justice and workers have joined hands here to fight assure them that we will do all in our power "open shop" conditions on the new Kentucky to assist them in winning their fight for Hotel, now in course of erection at Fifth justice and a square deaL" and Walnut Streets. Fifteen building trades unions have re­ Labor Commends Act moved their workers from the new hotel, in Commenti~g on the resolution, The Labor protest against an attempt to put up the Union, official organ of the unions affiliated building under "open-shop" conditions. The with the Building Trades Council. said: job is tied up tight and at no time in the "The Jefferson County Farmers' Union are history of the Louisville Building Trades to be commended for their intelligence in so Council has there been a more thorough and promptly seeing an effort by the Employers' effective demonstration of the solidarity of Association and others to wage another 'open the building workers in uniting against the shop' fight after four years of industrial "open shop." peace in which this city has gone forward The Jefferson County Farmers' Union lost like it never has before, and for their equally no time in declaring for support of the prompt action in resenting a recurrence of strike, adopting the following resolution: organized capital's unfair fight against the "Whereas the workers of the building in­ workers." dustry have declared a strike against the The secretary of. the Building Trades Kentucky Hotel, because of unfairness in Council has issued the following appeal to' handling the agreement between the owners, building trades mechanics to stay away from the contractors, and the union men employed Louisville while the "open shop" fight is on: in its construction, and "To all Secretaries and Business Agents. "Whereas the trndes union movement of "Dear Sir and Brother: .this city and State have gone on record in "The general contractors of this city aided support of the' Farmers' Union, to the end and abetted by all the civic clubs and the that workers on the farm and workers in Board of Trade have declared war upon industrial centers can help each other in the Louisville Building Trades Council, which their struggles against a common enemy includes every craft in the building trades who seek to break down the organized labor department, and are advertising in all sec­ movement and at the same time further en­ tions of the country for building trades slave the farmer; therefore be it mechanics. "Resolved, That we, the farmers of the "May we ask you to assist us in any way Jefferson County Farmers' Union, go on rec­ possible to keep men away from Louisville ord indorsing the Louisville building trades while this 'open shop' fight is on." 234 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL • • •••• IN MEMORIAM •••• • •

Bro. John Seyfferth, L. U. No. 41 Bro. S. V. Davis, L. U. No. 30 Whereas it has been the will of the Almighty Whereas the Almighty God in His Divine God in His infinite wisdom to take from our wisdom, on January 8, called to His Heavenly midst our beloved brother, John Seyfl'erth, and Home our esteemed brother, Stanley V. Davis, 'Yhereas Local rnion No. 41 has lost one while in the prime of a life full of promise and of its most faithful and loyal members, be it a glorious manhood. devoted to the good and therefore moral principle and earnestness; and Resolved, That the members of Local Union "'hereas we deeply regret the sad occasion ~o. 41 do herehY extend their sincere and that dt.'prives us of the companionship and heartfelt sympathy to thp family of Brother assistance of so kind and faithful a brother, Heyft'erth .in their hour of bereavement; and though we question not the Divine calling. be it further we mourn the loss of a dear friend and Resolved, That a ('opy of these resolutions brother; therefore be it be sent to the bpreaved family, and a copy be Resolved, That the members of Loral Union sent to the Official Journal for publication, and Xo. 30, 1. B. E. W., extend thpir heartfelt n copy be spread upon the minutes of this s~'mpathy to his mother, brothers and sister in meeting, and that our charter be draped for thpir hour of bereavpment; and be it further Il period of thirty days. HeBolved, That our charter be draped for a GEORGE WILLAX, period of thirty days, and a copy of these ERIC KORBS, resolutions be sent to the bereaved family, WILI,IA:l1 P. FISHER, one spread on the minutes, and one sent to Committee. the International Office. J. OTTE~I, F. D. THOMPSON, Bro. Herbert L. Hoon' L. U. No. 62 J. W. PUSEY, Committee. "'hereas we, the members of Local No. 62, have been called upon to pay our last tribute of love and respect to Brother Herbert L. Bro. William C. Kane, L. U. No.5 Hoon, who met with his untimely death by electrocution white in the discharge of his Whereas we, as members of Loeal rnloR No. duties as a lineman for the Pennsylvania and 5, 1. B. E. W., Pittsburgh, Pa., have been Ohio Power and Light Company; and ('alled upon to pay our final tribute of resped 'Vhereas we deeply regret the oceasion that and high esteem to our brother, William C. deprives us of such a loyal and faithful mem­ Kane, who d.-parted from our midst in the ber; therefore be it prime of life following a very short illnes7, Resolved, That we extend our deepest and and' heartfelt sympathy to the relatives and friends Wherpas Local rnion No.5 appreciates its in their bereavement; and be it further loss of a very promising and loyal mec:tber; • Resolved, That we drape our charter for a he it thprefort.' period of sixty days; that a co.py of these Hesolved, That we, as a union in 11 ~otherly resolution be spread upon our minutes, and love, pay trlhute .to his memory by expressing that a copy be sent to our official journal for our deepest sympathy to his immediate rela­ publication. tives in this their dark hour of sorrow; and W. T. HOWARD, be it further H. E. :llILLER, Hesolved, That our charter be drap.-d for a VICTOR C. GEIST, period of thirty days, that a copy of these Committee. resolutions be sent his family, a copy sent to our International· Office for publication, and a copy' spread upon the minutes. Bro. Thoma. J. Parks, L. U. No. 211 EXECUTIVE BOARD, L. P. Xo. 5. Whereas we, the members of Local Union No. 211, I. B. E. 'Y., do in brotherly love pay Bro. Oscar L. James, L. U. No. 124 tribute to the memory of the our departed brother by expressing our sorrow at our loss, "'hereas It has been the will of the Almighty and extending our sympathy to the family in God to eall from our midst Brother Osear L. the hour of their bereavement; therefore be it Jamps; and Resolved, That our charter be draped for a Whereas We deeply. regret the loss of 'his period of thirty days; that a copy of these loyal and faithful brother; therefore be It Resolved, That we express our heartfelt resolutions be sent the family and also be sympathy to his wife and children in their published in our official journal. sorrow; and be it further J. S. BE~~ETT, Res(lived, That we drape our charter for a Secretary. period of thirty days, and that a copy of these resolutions be sent the bereaved family. a copy spread on our minutes and a copy be sent to Bro. PaulO. Overaa, L. U. No. 580 our official journal for publication. Whereas it has pleased Almighty God to re' E. W. KA"[;F:llA~, move from our midst our esteemed brother, Recording Secretary. PaulO. Overaa; therefore be it Resolved, That Local Union No. 580 has lost ------a true and loyal member, and every Union Bro. Chas. J. Arnberger, L. U. No. 180 man a friend; and be it further 'Whereas It has been the will of Our Resolved, That our charter be draped for a Almighty Maker to call from our midst our period of thirty days, and that a copy of these esteemed brother, Chas. J. Arnberger; and resolutions be spread on our minutes and a Whereas Local Xo. 180, I. B. E. 'Y., has lost copy sent to the official journal for publication. one of Its true and loyal members; be It W. L. :lILIR. therefore G. W. GRIM. Resolved, That we as a union in brotherly Committee. love extend our deepest and heartfelt sym- WORKERS AND OPERATORS 235 pathy to wife and relatives in their hour of: to his memory, and that a copy of these reso­ bereavement; and be it further lutions be sent to the bereaved family; that a Resolved, That we drape our charter for a copy be spread on a separate page of the period of thirty days and that a copy of the records of this Local Union, and that a copy Worker be sent to the widow, also spread same be forwarded to our International Office for on our minute book ill dedication to his publication in our official journal. memory. H. FITZPATRICK, E, C. REED, A. LIEBEWOOD, Financial Secretary. E. SIMONTON, ------Committee. Bro. H. J. Sahlencrer, L. U. No. 584 ------Bro. Joseph J. Murphy, L. U. No. 20 Whereas it has been the will of Almighty God in His Divine wisdom to take from our Whereas Local Union No. 20, I. B. E. W. midst our dear brother, H, J, Sahlender; and has suffered the loss of a true and loyal Whereas Local Union No. 584 has lost one brother in the accidental death of Joseph J. of its true and loyal members; therefore be it Murphy; and Resolved, That we, as a union, pay tribute Whereas his good qualities as a useful citi­ to his memory by expressing our sorrow and zen, an earnest trade unionist, and a most un­ heartfelt sympathy to his family and friends selfish loyal companion, has endeared himself in their great bereavement; and be it further to our hearts; therefore be it Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions Resolved, That we, the members of Local be sent to the bereaved family, a copy be sent L'nion 20, keenly deplore our loss and extend to our official journal, and a copy be spread our heartfelt sympathy to his bereaved family, on our minutes, and. that our charter be draped mother, sisters and brothers, and commend for a period of thirty days. them to Almighty God for consolation in their W. B. PETTY, hour of sorrow; and be it further G. C. GILC\WRE, Resolved, That we drape our charter for a W. H. WHITWORTH, period of thirty days; that a copy of these C. W. W ADSEN, resolutions be sent to the bereaved family, LEROY RYLANDER, that a eopy be spread on the minutes of our Committee. Local Union. and a copy be sent to our official journal for publication. Bro. C. L. Gustafson, L. U. No. 763 AWAY "'hereas we, the members of Local ~o. 763, I cannot say, and I will not say that he is do in brotherly love pay tribute to the memory dead. of our deceased brother, C. L. Gustafson, by He is just away. . expressing our sorrow at our loss, and extend With a cheery smile, and a wave .of the hand, to his wife our deepest sympathy in her be­ He has wandered into an unknown land, reavement; be it And left us dreaming how very fair Resolved, That we drape our charter for a It needs must be, since he lingers there. period of thirty days, and that a copy of this And you-O, you, who the wildest yearn resolution be sent to his wife, one copy to our For the old-time step and glad return, Journal, and a copy be spread upon the min­ Think of him faring on, as dear utes of our Local l"nion. In the love There as the love of Here. 1\1. J. MOONEY, J. W. MARTIN, ------Financial Secretary. Secretary. Bro. John J. O'Hare, L. U. No. 763 Bro. John Munsberg, L. U. No. 347 "'hereas it has pleased our Divine Master in Whereas It has pleased our Heavenly Father His infinite goodness to take from our midst in His infinite wisdom to call to his reward our beloved brother, John J. O'Hare; and our highly respected and beloved brother, Whereas Local No. 763, of Omaha, Nebr., has John Munsberg; and lost a loyal and true brother, who was always Whereas this local L'nion has lost a true zealous in the discharge of his duties, and in and loyal member, kind and considerate in c'onsideration for his fellow workers; there- his every thought for his fellow man, unselfish fore be it . and eYer ready to share the burden of his Resolved, That the members of this union co-worker; therefore be it hereby extend their deep sympathy and heart­ Resolved, That this Local Union extend to felt condolence to his brothers in their be­ the bereaved family our heartfelt sympathy in reavement; and be it further this their hour of grief, and commend them Resolved, That our charter be draped for a for consolation to our All Wise and ever Lov­ period of thirty days, and a copy of these ing Father; and be it further resolutions be spread on the minutes of our Resolved, That our charter be draped for a Local Union. period of thirty days; that a copy of these M. J. MOO~EY, resolutions be sent to the family, a copy be Financial Secretary. sent to the International Office for publication in the Worker, and a copy be spread on the ------minutes of our organization. Bro. Samuel T. Howard, L. U. No. 212 CHAS. L. PAGE, Whereas it has pleased our Creator to call C. A. HETHERINGTON, fr"m our midst our dear comrade and brother, A. O. ~ORMAN, Samuel Thomas Howard, age 53 years, whose Committee. sad death occurred February H, 1925; and Whereas, knowing the inevitable truth that ------"God's will be done," and that our dear Brother Oscar Bendix, L. U. No•• 4 brother is now enrolled in that one great Whereas Almighty God in His DiVine wis­ Union where "Life is Love" and "God is dom has called to his Heavenly Home· our Mercy;" and esteemed and beloved brother Oscar Bendix 'Vhereas for the past 22 years Brother How­ it is with deepest sorrow that we, the members ard was a most loyal and faithful member of of Local Union No.4, record the loss that has Local l"nion No. 212; therefore be it come to us in the death of our associate' Resolved, That the members of Local Union therefore be it ' No. 212, I. B. E. 'V., extend their deepest ReSolved, That to those bound to him by sympathy to the family, relatives and friends the tender ties of home we extend our deepest in this their hour of grief; and be it further sympathy; and be it further Resolved, That our charter be draped in ReSolved, That we drape our charter for a mourning for thirty days as a token of respect period of thirty days In due respect to hiB 236 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL memory; that a copy of these resolutions be sent to the bereaved family, aud another to the International Office for publication in our official journal. IMPORTANT ANNOUNCE. A. LESTER TAYLOR, Press Secretary. ",ENT

Bro. E. W. Sperber, L. U. 9 Local financial officers are Whereas It has pleased Almighty God to call from his loved ones our esteemed brother. bonded by the International Of­ E. \V. Rperber. who has passN away after a fice in accordance with article 7, bril'f illness. and as his death IE'aves a last­ ing Inemory in the hearts of his lnany friends section 6, of the International and fellow workmen of the Illinois Bell Tele­ phone Company, where he was employed for Brothe-rhood's Constitution. many years; and . \VhereHB we deE-ply regrE't t he sad occasIOn Members and officers of Local which deprives us of the ('ompanionship of so kind and faithful a friend and brother. an,l Unions must see that the follow­ though we question not the Divine "'ill. ing conditions are complied with nevertheless we mourn his loss; therefore be it in order to protect local.' finance •• Resolved, That the members of Local Xo. 9, Otherwise, liability of Bonding of the International Brotherhood of Eledri­ ('al ""orkers. extend thpir heartfelt sympathy Company is automatically waived to his deur family in their hour of bereave­ ment; and be it further by the Local. Resolved. Thut a copy of these resolutions be spread upon our minutes and a copy sent Book. must be audited every to our official journal for publication. quarter by trustees as per article RA:lH'EL GT:Y. RALPH BREH:lfA~. 30, section 9. HAnny SLATEn, Committee. When any financial officer of a Local Union is found short in hi. Death Claims Paid From February 1, 1925, accounts, the International Office Inc., February 28, 1925 must be notified within seven days L. U. No. Name Amount Paid of finding shortage, so that the 218 A. J. Stollmeier...... $1,000.00 office can properly' notify the 3 W. P. Trainor...... 1,000.00 3 Wm. H. Fuuk...... 1,000.00 Bonding Company and comply 580 Paul Overaa...... 1.000.00 with all fixed conditions. The 20 J. Murphy...... 1,000.00 Bonding Company requires that 62 C. C. Copenhaver...... 475.00 notification of default reach its 38 Ed. Masek...... 825.00 7 John Evans...... 1,000.00 offices before the expiration of 7 Wm. Gregg...... 1,000.00 ten days. 675 John Force...... 475.00 734 O. A. Kubiac...... 300.00 In order to take advantage of 134 J. W. McKay. Jr...... 825.00 bonding arrangement, no Local 124 O. L. James...... 1,000.00 must make agreement with the of­ 763 J. O·Hare...... 1,000.00 ficer who is short as to when he 134 H. T. Hilly...... 1,000.00 134 A. McDermott...... 300.00 shall make the shortage good; no 62 Herbert Hoon...... 1.000.00 Local shall accept any notes in 134 Martin Kelly ...... 1,000.00 pay thereof; or grant the default­ ing officer an extension of time. $15,200.00 All such merciful arrangements Canadian Claims Paid lie only within the duty of the Bonding Company. L. U. No. Name Amount 213 F. Ridpath ...... 1,000.00 Please bear in mind that non­ compliance with any of the fore­ Total Claims Paid from Feb. 1, 1925, inc. Feb. 28. 1925...... $15,200.00 going conditions by any Local Canadian Claims Paid from Feb. Union or by its officers automati­ 1,1925. inc. Feb. 28, 1925...... 1,000.00 cally exempts the Bonding Com­ Claims previously paid ...... 472.425.00 pany from meeting its liability Total Claims Paid ...... $488,625.00 for the shortage. G. M. BUGNIAZET, Denmark, as well as Britain. has a co-op International Secretary. premier. Theodore Stauning is chairman of the Danish Cooperative Bank. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 237 r-~ I i IT WAS OUR PRIVILEGE TO ACT AS HOST DURING THE MONTH OF FEBRUARY TO SEATTLE AND VICINITY WITH A MAMMOTH ELECTRICAL EXHIBITION I THAT CAUSED THE ENTIRE INDUSTRY AND THE GOVERNOR AND MAYOR AND THE ENTIRE CITY TO CONGRATULATE US AND MADE THE NEWSPAPERS GIVE MILES OF SPACE; AND NOW WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD I TO NEXT AUGUST WHEN WE CAN ACT AS HOST WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF THE COAST LOCALS TO THE 18th CONVENTION OF THE I. B. E. W. • OUR EXHIBITION WAS A SUCCESS and if you help by being WITH US NEXT AUGUST WE CAN REGISTER I ANOTHER SUCCESS. i WILL YOU I BE HERE? Fraternally Yours~ LOCAL UNION No 46

+. ,... ".-,~e.-.o.-e.-o.-o.-.o~o.-.()'-'C""'~O,-('-'C) __O __ O__ C)-,c"-'t)~()""()""('''''f)~II-'C~:. 238 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

II M II CORRE5PONDENCE II M II

ONE-MAN LOCAL-PENSACOLA, that looked like bottles most everywhere I FLA. looked. I don't know what was in them for Editor: I never bother with them unless I am by I am going to write a few lines to let myself or with someone. But I took a the brothers who have never been in a chance at some of them and it looked as place all alone know that there is only one though everything was going around. I electrical worker in this city with a card, guess I have shot enough of this' bull. although it is out of Montgomery; old 443. I am going to make an appeal to all the I have tried time and again to organize a brothers. Let's take pleasure in our local here, but these darn old soreheads WORKER and let every press secretary put here have the old, old story: "Some damn a few lines under its cover. There is an­ rascal ran away with the Local's money;" other thing I would like to see, and that or "I was given a rotten deal;" or "I don't is to give true reports about working COII­ see where the union will benefit me." That ditions in each place. Stop this selfish way old mush will do for some people, but when of telling there is no work when there is. I hear such stuff I want to knock h-- out I am going to try to get the boys together of them. But what good will it do-one and get something going here, for I think against all? The only pleasure I can look things are going to be good here this sum­ forward to is when I receive my WORKER. mer and next winter. Then I have a meeting all by myself.. There I regret to hear that Bro. Chas. P. Ford is one thing I miss, though; it has been so is resigning his office and hope that he long since No. 443 has had a letter in the will soon be able to be with us again. WORKER that it looks like things are dead Fraternally, in Montgomery. But I think I can explain W. M. Voss. the reason for not having one from No. 443. Dad, don't get mad, for I am only joking L. U. NO. I, ST. LOUIS, MO. you. Yes, Dad Woodworth and Harry Editor: Comett have a chicken farm near Mont­ The world did not end, and I still write. gomery, and you know Dad is getting pretty My letter is long, but I have tried to deal well up in years and his teeth are bad. So briefly with each topic so as not to bore Frank Stewart says that he has to gum you. things and it takes him so long to chew Personal the soft-boiled eggs and buttermilk that he can't find time to write with that wooden H. H. Broach, international vice president, arm of his (Only fun, Dad). visited our Local on the evening of Febru­ Say, some of you fellows should come ary 27 to defend certain allegations, sup­ down to Florida. Some place! I am at posedly made by the business agent, mis­ present wiring and installing the electrical takably apprehended by him. After a con­ cise, satirical speech, which ranged from end of 'the new half million dollar theatre being built here by the Saenger Amusement personalities to vital business topics of our Company. Some pretty play house for a organization, Broach convinced us that he city of this size. was the man of the hour. r would like to hear from some of the 'Tis true that truth hurts, but when an boys who were at the old Hickory Powder organization is not educated to modern eco­ Plant at Nashville, Tenn., during the war. nomic unionism, you can't expect that or­ And something else-where has the home ganization to function properly. for the old boys gone to? Let's all get The old brothers have made conditions busy and do something, for there will be and the young brothers would like to con­ a lot of us that wi1l be ready for it before tinue them, but the older ones want to many lllore years. Brothers, get busy and give all the advice. Be modern. The let's have some action! We have our insur­ bankers believe in young blood, and young blood succeeds. ance now, which is a grand success, but why can't we do something else to help Our Local is too conservative in business matters and too extravagant in financial the old boys? matters. Pensacola has had a big time this week. As you know, we have a Mardi Gras here as "No man is too wise not to listen." well as New Orleans and Mobile, and the Educational old place is wide open to everybody, and Statistics show that the trades union we had some doings. It wouldn't do to tell membership have decreased since 1920. It what you could get here, but as I went to shows we lost 26,468 members between 1923 work this morning I could see something and 1924. The need of leaders in the labor WORKERS AND OPERATORS 239

movement today is due to the lack of edu­ Installations of great magnitude on the cation of the rank and file. There should Canadian side of the Niagara River supply be an organizer in every Local. The time power to a large number of cities in the has come when la.bor is beginning to see Province of Ontario, and the power from the beacon which beckons the worker to this source is said to be transmitted to the seek a better understan.ding and educatiOt:\. United States in small quantities. The nucleus of the employer and financial In other words we don't export as much man's su~cess is education. It may not be as ·we think we do, because it is the importa­ the sciences or the art,s which pave their tion of electricity which enables us to manu­ way to success, but it is the social educa­ facture export pr.oducts; therefore, if we tion which lifts men from canyons of de­ export 10 pounds and import 3 pounds to spair. When we run our organizations on make the 10 pounds, we really only export a ~re thorough bu'siness basis we. will 7 pounds. Is that clear? No? be on the level with employers. Labor!-PriCeiB!-Wa~e8! There are few organizations that have Labor is at its best with prices high and no educational committees and ours is one wages the same. Some. employers don't heed of them. Most wiremen claim education the war·ning: "Unnecessary marking up of won!t help them bend pipes or pull wires. prices will cause labor troubles." They think Think of your children! Show me a child American workers are so much better off who doesn't think more of an educated than they e.ver were, that they can· stand a dad! I do. It is education that makes a rise in the cost of living without being given home and if we are not educated to a more pay. higher standard of living we are doomed One mistake labor has made is that they to the rut. should never have asked for more pay be-. Business agents have learned that it is cause the cost of living raised. Labor has not the fist and fight that lands' them what always needed more pay and the war was they are after, but it's the way the business its first opportunity and excuse to ask the is handled. So let us take a keener, deeper barons of finance for it. interest in political, economic, educational Dun's figures show that commodity prices and social problems. are 60 per cent higher than in 1914. Brad­ Our ignorance of conditions is not help­ street's records show an advance of 45 per ful and our bliss is not permanent. Where cent over the 1913 average. All authorita­ ignorance is bliss, then, the wisest thing tive compilations agree that wages have at in the world is to step out of it and let least doubled since 1914. the world- speak of us as foolish. The National Industrial Conference Board "On With the Dance" recently issued statements to show that the purchasing power of a day's wages is one­ Members of the St. Louis Electrical Board third more than at the outbreak of the war, of Trade were guests at the David Ranken, and somewhat bet1er than when wages were Jr., School of Mechanical Trades this month. at their peak in 1920. The object of the gathering was to secure But, why shouldn't the wages be higher cooperation and interest among St. Louis' and the living conditions of our workers bet­ electrical men in the graduates of the ter than they were 10 years ago? We must school. This gathering made a trip through not forget, however, that we had to shoulder the various departments with particular at­ an enormous increase in our public debts on tention being paid to the electrical depart­ account of the war. But think of the in­ ment. crease in the last 10 years in the invention "Looking to the youngsters." and adoption of labor-saving machinery, and Editorial the enormous advantages this country has It is time for the United States to look in reaped in foreign markets due to the crip­ deeper channels as to hydro-electric plants. pling of European competitors. While the products we export to other There should be a period of labor and countries and receive from them as imports business prosperity, but if the sellers start have been growing with the growth of new raising prices without cause, labor will, with­ industries, it seems rather strange to think out a doubt, demand higher wages. And that of power as an international trade. How­ will cause European countries to outbid us ever, it will sOon be exported from Canada in world markets. The Chamber of Com­ to the United States. I read where a new merce cannot deny this. hydro-electric plant will be built at Carillon General on the Ottawa river, starting some time this The Missouri compensation act is revised year, which will furnish about 70,000 horse­ to meet union objections. Like the original power for United States industries. bill, the substitute lacks the State insurance Also Canadian production of power for provision demanded by the labor unions. export purposes will add to a development The substitute meets the demand of labor of hydro-electric energy that amounted to representatives that employers of less than 3,678,000 horse-power in 1924. Accdrding ten in hazardous occupations shall not be to the Dominion Department of the Inter­ exempt from its provisions. It increases the ior, Canada leads the world in the harnessing allowance for medical attendance and hos­ of water power. pital fees incurred within one year after 240 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

Injury and protects employees injured when is claimed the fire started in that locality. disregarding employers' instructions. Fifty However, we needed a new "Y" &flyway. per cent penalty is added where an employer St. Louis dentists will erect a building hires minors in violation of the law. In all at Fourteenth and Olive Streets. A new cases involving minors, the earning power field for that branch of cranial surgeons. of the injured person until he is 21 years old Someone will lose an eye-tooth and they is taken into consideration. The age within can't see what they are doing. which a minor is presumed to be a dependent Building permits issued in January indi­ is raised from 16 to 18 years. cate a big year in building. January, 1925, Other concessions to union labor include is within 3.5 per cent of January, 1924. extension of the maximum compensation for In the 25 leading cities the volume of temporary partial disability from 52 to 100 permits exceeded January last year and weeks; with a provision that only questions fifteen cities of the twenty-five showed an of law may be raised in appeals from the increase. finding of the commission, in the absence of Wages in the building crafts are well fraud. The bill provides a maximum of $20 stabilized and· there is not much danger of per week. fluctuation of any consequence. It should go through. Now, that's that. Real Estate Sport The Y. M. C. A. building is expected to St. Louis should have a world series this start this spring. The architect's drawing year. Baseball is not my sport, though, shows a beautiful ten-story building to be for I like wrestling. I would rather see erected at Sixteenth· and Locust streets on Joe Stecher in one match than the season's . the southeast corner. The building will be baseball games on the boss' time. of reinforced concrete and steel construc­ On FebruallY 19 Jim Londos, a popular tion. It will be faced with Bedford stone Greek gladiator, lost to an Italian named for the first two stories, and around the Vadolfi, a man of brute strength. Londos openings of the third story. Above that may have won· with his aggressiveness and point· a Jight-co:Iored matt brick will be science were it not for his untimely head­ used and simple rectangular windows will locks played on Vadolfi. Londos' favorite indicate the· dOl'm.itory floors. The. aspect leverage is the jiu jitsu together with sev­ of the building will be appropriate to d.o­ eral other good holds. mestic and club purposes: On March 5 Vadolfi will meet Dan Koloff, There will be 250 bedrooms, tastefully best two-out-of-3 falls to a finish. furnished, and with every comfort, and will Do they wrestle in your towns, too? accommodate about 288 men. The Locust Street entrance will lead di­ Scienc'e and Invention rectly to a large foyer about 40 feet square. (Continued from the February Worker) Billiard room, reading room, and music The current travels in a wave which at room· for moo are provided for on the first is sharply defined, but which flattens Locuost Street front and social rooms for . out and lags (caused by a combination of boys are arranged on the Sixteenth Street electrical and magnetic causes) until at the front. There will be a swimming pool in receiving end it has lost its strength and the basement. In the basement also is shape. provided space. for a cafeteria and kitchen, There the current requires a periood meas­ tailor sho-p, barber shop and additional so­ urable by a stop watch, to register its cial rooms. The rear of the second floor effects upon even the most delicate record­ is a large gymnasiuni 55 by 80 feet and ing instrument whenever a second wave fol­ a smaller one 40 by 60 feet long. The lows the first through the conductor with­ rear of the third floor is occupied by the out an interval sufficient for the first wave upper part of the main. gymnasium with its to register on the receiving instrument, running track, and a series of handball the front of the second wave overtakes the courts over the smaller gymnasium. The tail of the first wave and further changes balance of the third floor is given up to its shape. The following wave may mingle laboratories and class rooms for general its impulses with the first and second wave, educatiMal purposes. etc. The result is simply confusion-unin­ The general offices will be on the fourth telligible signals which cannot be deci­ floor. phered without using accurate and delicate I have gone into so much detail about devices which appear marvelous to the un­ this building, not only for St. Louis broth­ initiated. In land telegraphy the difference ers, but for all of the brothers. You may between a dot and a dash is that the circuit have the OPPOi"tunity to use this "Y" some is closed three times as long for a dash day. Our old "Y" was burned to the ground as for a dot. Submarine cables use the several years ago, supposedly due to crossed Morse code of dots and dashes but dis­ wires, as the salvage corps put it, but I tinguish them by another method. worked in it many a time and mentioned Early in the history of sub cables the the small-sized feeders for so large an elec­ above mentioned system of dots and dashes trical· consumption of current. Seemed was :(ound impracticable electrically, as more to me like an overloaded service. It well as too slow. So, instead of dots and WORKERS AND OPERATORS 241 dashes differing from each other in length to every mechanical jar or shock in the of time, and read by the operator's ear, vicinity. cable signals are made up of dots and And, when the signals folIow each other dashes of equal length but produced by rapidly, they tread on each other's heeis' currents of opposite polarity, operating' by reason of lagging or retardation, already delicate devices whose records are read by mentioned, the result is, that only an expert the operator's eye. can read them. Instead of a single lever key, as in land Later inventions by Lord Kelvin included telegraphy, the cable key is double. When a mirror galvanometer, in which a tIny neither lever of the cable key is depressed mirror was fastened upon a lightly there is no current flowing through the stretched silk fiber, so that the mirror ~able except stray earth currents set up would rotate from right to left, or vice by the varying potential of different earth versa under the simplest impulse. To the areas. Each end of the cable is "earthed," back of the mirror was affixed the needle and each of the two levers of the cable key, of a sensitive galvanometer, which thus when depressed, break the earth connection moved the mirror in accordance with the and make connection between the cable and polarity of the impulse affecting the gal­ the battery. vanometer. A ray of light was focused upon Depressing the left hand key makes con­ the mirror and reflected on a white sur­ nection with the "positive" pole of the bat­ face a few feet away. Thus were the in­ tery, and a positive impulse is sent through coming signals greatly magnified, and move­ the cable. That signifies a dot. Depressing ments of the mirror which the eye could the right hand key makes a connection with not have detected were translated into a the negative pole, and a negative impulse wide fluctuation of the light beam. is sent through the cable, that signifies a (Continued next month) dash. The dot and dash are made in about the same length of time. An Englishman named Lord Kelvin

Don't pay any attention to any advertise­ strike. In our few other difficulties have ment in your home newspapers, that line­ not lost a man by "scabbing." men are wanted here_ But if you do, see We have at present about 90 per cent of that you have your fare back. We have the competent electrical workers in Omaha no fence around this town and I am writing and Council Bluffs, with fifteen paying on this only for your own good. applications, and some of 'those on the The Philadelphia Rapid Transit Company outside waiting to pay up. And every shop is selling bonds to its car riders. You see in town at the present time with more than they want: three men on the pay roll in construction work is hiring our members. Help to weep for Harold Moore, That $150 initiation fee includes a $10 Who got stuck fast in the corridor; assessment on each member in case of death The rest were stuck fast to the straps, of any member, he being in good standing; And you may be stuck, too, perhaps. $1.0 a week sick benefit for seven weeks, and So do not weep when you get stuck­ in case of· more than that assistance from It will only be your own hard luck. the Local. We kept one brother in Colorado for more The company finds that the auto is cut­ than a year until his demise. Our Local ting deep into their receipts and in order gives the brother cooperation and assist­ to drive the taxis off the street, they want ance from about 90 per cent of the Local to replace them with their own auto buses. and the services of the best Business Agent That's why they need the money, and for in the city of Omaha and a man that the your money they want to give some old International Office had better' keep their abandoned street car lines as security. As eyes on for available timber for grand the banks refused this flimsy security, the office work-Brother Giff. Mitten management and men have con­ It gives the member an equal chance of sented to let the dear public in on this obtaining work, because, as far as prac­ deal. ticable, the out-of-work members work first­ Now this Mitten contains a horseshoe in first-out. and if it misses you, it means that you An applicant must be competent and pass are lucky. Duck, brother, duck. both city and Local No. 22 examinations I hereby introduce to you Owen Moore, and pay $15 and the balance at $1.00 a day who is a close relation to Harold. Some for each day worked. say they are twins: If that, Brother, is a high board fence, Owen Moore went away let us hope there are more of them because Owen more than he could pay; Local No. 22 never got anywhere with Owen Moore came back today bargain sales in applications. Owen more. I have enough for three letters so will start in on the real proposition. Is there In my next letter I will describe to you any super-power work in your territory and The Pensyldelphia Electric Light Company who is doing the work? Local No. 22 had and its surroundings. It's going to be a a brush with the Phoenix Utilities Co. in murder. Don't miss the JOURNAL. 1917 and lost out; and at present they are Fraternally yours, finishing up some large power work that we THEO. H. WOTOCHEK, did not get. In Sioux City, I understand, Press Secretary. it is the same. In East St. Louis, Ill., Local No. 309 did the work and these large LOCAL UNION NO_ 22, OMAHA, NEB_ companies are too large for a small Local to fight. Also they are all centralized and are Editor: a national industry. It would seem to me I see that the letters from Local No. 22 that it would be a problem for the Interna­ have· at last attracted the notice of one of tional Office to handle, the same as the the un-official censors (may they continue National Electrical Contract is, and it with their friendly criticism and advice). \Tould be willing to send delegates to Seat­ And Press Secretary of Local No. 53 has tle, instructed to see that an International honored me with mention. I will say that Vice President, and one of the best, be as­ I am not the Brother Riley that the Brother signed to this work for a period of two has reference to, as I did not put in my ap­ years with nothing else to hamper him. pearance in Local No. 22 until the tentative Personally I should like to wish the job off agreement between the two factions was on Brother Bugniazet, if he is not too well reached, and have never since had money anchored to his new job. enough to get out of Omaha. I will say Local No. 22 is to use one of the five in regards to our initiation, that at $150, Tuesdays in March with a hot dog and we are not building a high board fence chili feed and have the city inspection de­ around Omaha, because a man on the partment with us. Work looks better but average gets what he pays for, or gets the out-of-work list is still long enough. stung; and by the way they hang on to Must now close to go to a meeting of a their cards in Local No. 22, it does not look committee to fight the street car increase as if they were stung, as in our 1917 trouble and franchise grab. we lost two members in a seven months RILEY·. 246 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL L. U. NO. 28, BALTIMORE, MD. it seems as though we will be obliged to make a second drive on account of the bad weather Editor: throughout the drive, afi'ecting the attend­ Your announcement of the resignation of ance at meetings viBited by the bank Bro. Chas. P. Ford in the February WORKER, committee. was received by his many friends in Local We are about to try something in Local No. 28 with deep sorrow and regret, and we No. 28 which has been tried several times trust that absolute retirement from business before, but for some reason or other did not and the many cares and worries that accom· seem to be very popular. We propose to pany the office which he so faithfully filled spend some time at each meeting discussing for many years, will restore his health and practical electrical subjects and also review­ in due time we shall be glad to see him back ing the City and Fire Underwriters Code, in the International Office. In the mean­ beginning March 6. The committee handling time we desire to extend to Brother Bugni­ the proposition is on the job and starting off azet our best wishes in the performance of with plenty of pep, so it seems as though his duties. the plan will at least receive a fair trial. We read a great deal about super-power Fraternally yours, these days and believe me, we have had quite FRANK J. MEEDER, a dose of it in Maryland during the last two Press Secretary. months. The power trust is attempting one of the largest grabs in its history and each L. U. NO. 37, NEW BRITAIN, CONN. day reveals new trickeries as the Susquehanna Editor: grab at Conowingo gets additional study; the project is rated at about 300,000 horse The election of officers in Local No. 37 resulted as follows: President, E. S. Will­ power. The situation is this: Outside inter­ iams; vice president, Thomas "Fat" Fore­ ests coming into Maryland are grabbing our man; recording secretary, L. W. Allen; first natural resources, constructing a mammoth hydro-electric plant, and selling the entire inspector, D. H. Warren; treasurer, John Burns; financial secretary, Thomas F. Stan­ output outside of Maryland, thus depriving residents of our State of the only chance of ton; foreman, Frank Porter; second inspec­ tor, Joe Smith. securing cheaper electric rates. The above The strike is still on at the New Britain is just a brief outline of the plan as pro­ Light Co. and ex-Brothers Lester Moorcraft, posed by the Susquehanna Power Co., but Walter Wright and Ed. Ryan were still on our people are not inclined to let the monster get away with it. Among the latest develop­ the job at last reports. The N. B. Light Co. must have been real hard-up for men to ments is a resolution passed by The Balti­ take Ryan back, as he was not good enough more Federation of Labor and sent to the Governor of Maryland requesting him to for them when they had a real gang of line­ men in their employ. They fired him just withhold approval of the project until Mary­ land is assured the right to purchase the before the strike came. Then he gave up a job in a local factory to go back to a job entire output of the plant or a part thereof if it so desires. On Friday, February 27, he was not considered good enough for before. Maybe he must feel more at home "ratting" Governor Ritchie sent an ultimatum to the Susquehanna Power Company, through the it than he does working with white men. Fraternally yours, Public Service Commission containing four LOUIS W. ALLEN, clauses. Only one was read when the power Recording Secretary. barons promptly refused to even consider it, stating that inasmuch as the project is financed by Philadelphia money, all of the L. U. NO. 39, CLEVELAND, OHIO power would be sold in Philadelphia in spite Editor: of the fact that the plant is to be built in Events happening since my last letter to Maryland, and the power derived from our the JOURNAL lead me to comment on the natural resources. The outcome is proble­ votes of the legislatures of several States matical and is being watched with consider­ relative to the Federal amendment known as able interest by Local No. 28. the Child Labor Act. Several of those I have been requested to extend greetings States have had this measure before them to Brother Parks, of No. 163, from Pat for ratification, and we are satisfied at this Bandel, of No. 28. John, Pat wants to know writing it is as good as lost. It is rather if they are going to change the name of your doubtful if the supporters of this humanitar­ Local? He seems to think that the time is ian act of legislation are going to win a not far off when Wilkes-Barre No. 163, will victory this year. My own State (Ohio) be changed to Parks No. 163; just another legislature was found in the lost column~ case of letting George do it. Your refer­ this was indeed disgraceful, to say the least. ence to Brother Fagen giving some of the Both parties solemnly pledged themselves, boys money for room and meals is true, but in primary and in caucus, in public meet­ unfortunately for Brother Fagen, some of ings, in conversation, and in every conceiv­ them suffered a lapse of memory and as AI able way, to vote for the Child Labor Amend­ Kries would put it, Tom has a list as long ment. But of the representatives from my as your arm. own city, which is in Cuyahoga County, seven Our bank drive is progressing slowly, and out of fifteen voted against the measure, and WORKERS AND OPERATORS 247 mind you, this was after social, religious, and folks back home are forgotten; all they can dvic organizations appealed to their honor see then is the good times, the glittering and conscience, and pledges made, as well as lights of prosperity shining on a silver cloud to the spirit of fairness to all concerned. for them. If they only will look through tke Notwithstanding, with all this pressure same spectacles the lobbyist or grafter looks brought to bear upon them, they voted through. What are mere promises to be against the ratification of this bill and helped compared with expenses paid and salary the rural legislators to pile up a tremendous clear velvet, and a very good job as soon as as well as a shameful vote, and by their act, the session is over? These are the things prevented the great State of Ohio from that count; hey, what? I don't know how being in the list of progressive States, as she many of these members (who voted in oppo­ always has been, and should be. sition to this measure) made those promises, It is shameful, indeed, to record here but we do know that there was one who did, the remarks on the floor of the assembly. and her name is recorded in the Citizen'S Miss Makepeace, in voicing her opposition, office, and that is Miss Makepeace. HeY said in part that party pledges are used as promise to the Cleveland Citizen, the official a bait for political suckers, and if the fishing labor paper, she pledged herself to support is good it spells political success for the party any measure backed by organized labor, and in question. This might be true of some lest you forget (and this same paper, and people in political life, but what I should this same labor body, and every civic or­ like to know, Miss Makepeace, is what prom­ ganization, that wanted to see this child ise did you and your other six colleagues labor bill enacted, are slow to forget) so make to the voters in this city previous to that your six buddies who voted with you election? Were you so well known for your have left an indelible stamp on their minds, progressive ability in this city that you did and will pay their respects to all of you in not have to make any advanced promises to the near future. the party that elected you, who gave you The Federal Child Labor Bill may be killed your political ,strength, and who told your for a while; yes, we lost this battle, but just political workers to work for your election? as sure as there is a God in Heaven, and Surely you must have made some pledge, even just as sU,re as tomorrow's sun will rise on though empty as they proved, nevertheless the eastern horizon, we have not lost the it was a promise, and you repudiated it war. You may vote "nay" every time you when you did refuse not only to vote for get a chance (and personally, I don't think ratification, but wei"e satisfied to make a that will ever be again); and I don't think joke of the promises, that either you or the you'll ever be missed if you dropped out of rest of your colleagues made. We residents this old world of ours tomorrow; and this of Cleveland never heard much of your hu­ includes all seven members. manitarian activities in this city, neither There is one other thing I wish to com­ have we learned much of any great bene­ ment on also, before this letter goes to press, ficent acts of mercy administered to any and that is the condition of those evicted organization, or to any individual, for that miners and their families in Mammoth, W_ matter, by you. That the voters of this Va. If we more fortunate people who are at county fell all over one another in order the present time enjoying steady employment, to vote for you, and the weaklings who warm clothing, good substantial food daily, voted as you did, seems strange. It does if we would but reflect for just a few seem strange that when some of our people moments on the pitiable conditions and the get the political bug in their bonnets along privations that those poor women and chil­ about campaign time, they have their hands dren are going through in this bleak cold manicured, their voices cultivated, and their winter weather, battling for decent living imagination enlarged; they sit up nights wages to support their families, and for re­ thinking up nice things to say to folks abou ~ spectable housing conditions to raise their what they believe they should have, and babies, for the simple things of life that God what they will get for them,' if we elect intended they should have when he created them; then they start ferreting out some them, and for sunshine itself, and for favor­ good organization, like a labor union for able working conditions, that their more for­ instance, to make their lying pledges to and tunate brethren do enjoy, even though it is to get their support, and all the publicity. in a small degree. It seems almost incredible They win the confidence of the union voters, that such conditions can or do exist in any are successful in getting elected, and then State in this great country of ours; that the pledges go to smash, the confidence is corporations like the coal operators, the steel shattered, and the voters can go to Hades, trust, the American aluminum trust, and I so far as they are concerned. They slipped might say all large industries, can force one over on us; they are all eet for a couple such tragedies upon poor defenseless women of years, and will tell us a new story when and children as is done in this mining city they are up for office again, and usually we of West Virginia. ' fall for their bunk again and again. Well, I ofttimes ask myself, "Are the men who after election is over the first thing they do own and supervise these large industries is to hob-knob with the lobbyist, or with some really human; do they ever think of any­ one or with several who have some particu­ thing but to make money; money, that they lar piece of legislation to pass. Then the can never spend if they were on this earth 248 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL as long as 'Was Methuselah? Don't they ever letter and no doubt some of you probably WBt thinK leif, the days when they, too, were think that I just sit up nights nursing a 8tfug'gling to be a success in their b'usiness? grouch, but I don't. Yet I do reflect upon J).bh't . they ever think that the wife of the such conditions as are presented to you in humblest laborer has to suffer as much pain this letter and being an ordinary working td bi'ing a family of children into this world man, like most men, my heart goes out to as 'the wife of the multi-millionaire? Don't these poor people simply because I have a tlte1"ever think that after babies are here fair conception of how I would feel if I had ari.d born of· their very own flesh that they to undergo these same hardships, and having have the same natural love for theIr offspring known the love of a child it makes matters as the daughter or ,the wife of the wealthy more touching. man has? And don't they know that re­ You can rise in the morning and prepare gardless of the standing of the child's par­ yourself for work; you can bow unto the ents they both have the same sensitive feel­ grindstone with no time for play or shirk. ing should you aecidentally injure it? Are You may turn the wheels of business in a not both the flesh and blood of the other?" full successful flight, till you feel you've Then why not be a little more humane in done a day full when you close your desk your treatment of them, why not pay them at night. You may spend a day at pleasure, a decent salary so they can raise these chil­ you maY' fish or sail, or row. You may hop dren up to be decent, respectable citizens, upon a street car, to the bathing beaches go. with a proper view of life, one of love and You may seek a shady hillside and secluded consideration for their fellowmen, instead of rest in peace. You may travel into dream­ hatred and malice for us all? land, where your cares and worries cease. Where are our humane societies now; those You may sit around the fireside in your people who tell us that they are for the home and with your wife. You may gather betterment of the human race? Have they round the table and enjoy your married done anything for these unfortunate people? life. You may visit movie houses, now and Where are our sociologists? What have they then attend a show. You may pick your done to improve the situation in Mammoth? after work hours to be up and on the go. Where are the directors of health; are they But, take all these things of living; add not to assist in the promotion of good health them up as part of life, they're a full­ to our citizens and do not hunger and cold fledged combination of real happiness and have a tendency to demoralize our physical strife. Then consider, is it living? Recon­ strength? Last, but not least, how about sider, am I right? I say no man has lived our school boards and the directors of edu­ until he's kissed a child good night. cation? Are the children of these evicted JOSEPH E. ROACH, miners being properly educated? Are they Press Secretary. in school where they should be? And if they are, how are they keeping up with their L. U. NO. 40, HOLLYWOOD, CALIF. studies? Are they making the usual prog­ Editor: ress; the progress that is expected of the average pupil? It would be hard to convince By the vote of Local 40 I have been anyone that they are. It is rather hard elected press agent. Although I don't know for a child that is cold and hungry to be an much about the job, I hope to learn a lot. alert pupil. I am of course, going to do my best. My dear reader, you never saw a good At the present time we are affected with workman who was hungry; no, it could not the "pest" known as non-attendance. Yet be expected of him, and is this not true of we have been going great lately, getting those poor underfed children? And all of new members, and now have about 380 on these things are contrary to law, to Divine the rolls. Out of that number, we have law as well as to temporal law, and why are about forty or fifty of the old stand-bys these laws so flouted? I leave it to your present at meetings. own judgment, dear readers answer for your­ New members come in and are obligated, selves. The only thing that remains for and after that they think all they have to you and me to do is to try to do the best do is send in their dues, which, I think, is we can for them in a moral and in a financial a very big mistake. way. Surely the labor unions throughout I would like to see a lot of the boys this land can render some aid to those poor wake up and get down to 5444 Hollywood people, even though we assess ourselves a Boulevard on each Monday night. small fee to send to them. We probably can I am surely going to roast the non-at­ send them some clothing that we have no tendants every chance I get, and maybe they further use for. And in this way it will will come down and get me out of office, lend courage to them to carryon their fight which won't bother me any, as long as I for better things than those which they have can get them to come to a meeting or two. enjoyed in the past. After all is said and After that I am sure they will find the done, won't it make you and me feel better meetings so interesting they won't miss any just to know that those abominable condi­ more. tions are wiped out for all time to care? Work has been very slack here since Well, brothers, it is hard, to.be a pessimist, November, 1924, and there is not much do­ that, is, as lengthy as I hawe. been in this ing yet. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 249 ,~

If any brother comes out this way to Queen City of the Pacific. Here 74 years work, it would be a good idea to drop in ago a hardy band of pioneers landed to and see Harry Green, at 6162 Santa Monica settle among the Indians, and privations of Boulevard, and leave the old yellow ticket a new country, excepting the great heat with him and save all concerned a lot of of summer and the bitter cold of frozen trouble. On the other hand, I wouldn't and snow-bound winter, found in many advise anyone to come to Hollywood at parts of our country, for here the summer the present time unless he has a little capi­ daily average temperature is 62 degrees tal to carry him over for at least a couple and the winter, average daily temperature of months. 41 degrees. We have snow occasionally for All the Locals of California have a joint short periods and the temperature seldom board which is doing a lot of good, and gets as low as 10 above zero. The summer we expect to do a great deal more at the nights are almost always cool and covers convGntion, which is the first one to be are welcome. held on the West Coast. We have always How the city has grown since one of her wanted a convention out here. Now we pioneers at thirty years of age founded a have it. So let's get busy and see if we little hamlet of eight log cabins and less can't put over some of the things we have than a hundred people, until today he sees always wanted done. a city with over 400,000 people within its The entertainment committee announced metropolitan area-is like a magic tale. the annual ball ane: frolic of Local 40 would Almost forty years ago, as a frontier town be held at the Biltmore Hotel on the 11th of 4,000, Seattle installed her first electric of May, 1925. We are also going to put plant, lost in a fire which consumed the on some shows and boxing bouts, but no entire business district a few years later. one knows what night this big show will Today three steam plants and six hydro­ happen. So come every Monday night, boys, electric plants serve the city, with another and don't take a chance on missing some­ coming in soon. Seattle is the western ter­ thing. minus of a 1,500-mile transmission system, Oh, yes, I almost forgot to announce crossing the States of Montana, Idaho and that some girls are going to the dance, too. Washington. Energy from this system pro­ A smoker was held at the club rooms pels the Milwaukee trains over mountain on the Santa Monica Boulevard New Year's ranges and receives their braking current Eve, and a great time was had by those on the down grades. attending. Naturally lumber was the first industry A couple of pool tables are going to be of importance and for many years consti­ put in the club rooms which should help tuted the sole means of existence. Finally the boys pass the time, when not working. a railroad reached the city helping the I would like to tell the boys a lot of overseas trade; then in 1897 came the Alas­ things they should know, but it's impossible kan gold rush and from then on progress to print; so I hope they all read this and has been very rapid. In 1899 the first drop down to the meeting next Monday hydro-electric power reached the city. To­ night and see what is going to happen. day the State customs district, with Seattle Last election returns were as follows: as the principal port, is second only to President, Walcott, reelected; vice presi­ New York, foreign and domestic commerce dent, "Pop" Collister, reelected; treasurer, amounting to $664,939,332 in 1924. Brother Reed; financial secretary, Harry In 1924, 10,'l74 building permits with a Green; recording secretary, Mickey Murray: value of $27,279,500 were taken out; 25 first inspector, Buster Emmons; second in­ banks cleared $2,039,148,668 and had de­ spector, Al Franklin; foreman, Bro. posits of $176,608,338. Puncher. Four trans-continental railroads termi­ A first-class executive board was elected, nate here, as do sixty-five steamship lines including about half of the old board, with with sailings to all parts of the world. some new blood injected. Fourteen hundred and fifty industrial estab­ For the other half a first class school lishments employed over 40,000 people re­ board completed the election, and we are ceiving about $76,000,000 and turning out now ready for a prosperous year. products estimated at $275,000,000 in 1923. Hoping all the plan jockeys go back to Seattle's waterfront is 193 miles long; the farm, I remain, consisting of Puget Sound, two fresh water "SOLDIER" GRAHAM. lakes and the Lake Washington Canal. The locks of this canal are second only to those L. U. NO. 46, SEATTLE, WASH. at the Panama Canal in size. The harbor Editor: is over a hundred miles inland, protected A few things about Seattle, the 1925 all around by mountain ranges, deep and Convention City. wide enough for great ocean liners to turn Thirty years ago a virgin forest covered and dock under their own steam. a part of the 68.5 square miles of hills Thirty-five miles of scenic boulevards, 4,1 lying along the shores of Puget Sound, parks and 24 playfields constitute the recre­ which with the 39.5 square miles of water ational facilities; 82 grade and speGial, and area, are now known as Seattle, Wash., the 8 high schools with an enrollment of 60,000 250 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

pupils and the State University with 7,000 dine hal! lod the thumb, ring, and half of students and a campus of 582 acres, con­ the little finger on his right hand and the stitute the educational facilities. Seventy­ second finger on his left hand. The ring two per cent of the city's population are finger on his left hand may still be saved. native Americans alld the city stands sec­ The palm of the left hand is burned very ond in least illiteracy and home ownership badly but the doctor seems to think that it in American cities of over 300,000. will come O. K. He also has a large burn Six hundred and thirty-three miles of on his right wrist which is real deep. gas mains delivered 1,774,637,800 cu. ft. of Brother Madine has been a true and loyal gas in 1923. There are 780 miles of graded member of the I. B. E. W., always exercis­ and 416 miles of paved streets. The public ing his judgment and good will so that he library has nine branches and over 2,000,000 has endeared himself to all of us. He volumes circulation. served two years in the president's chair Seattle owns and operates a $27,000,000 and then refused it for the third term as municipal light and power system employ­ he feels it is a job that should be passed ing 525 people, having three hydraulic and around. Brother Madine is able to be up one steam plant and 72,300 customers, pay­ and around the hospital but expects to be ing about $3,000,000 in 1924. an inmate for some few weeks yet. We Seattle owns and operates a $17,000,000 earnestly hope that nothing further hap­ street railway, employing 1,810 people, op­ pens so that he will be able to be among erating 235 miles of track, and carrying us as before. • 268,000 passengers daily, with annual re­ The C. I. L. Co., of Peoria, has formed a ceipts in 1924 of $6,700,000. class in first aid, having for their instruc­ Seattle also owns and operates a $13,000,- tor Dr. C. V. Ward, the company doctor. 000 municipal water system employing 292 We meet once a week up in "Jim's" room people, with 773 miles of mains, 60,000 and find out the different methods of ad­ meters and receipts of $1,400,000 a year ministering first aid to the sick or injured. for a daily consumption of 37,000,000 gal­ It is really surprising how little we know lons. about ourselves until we get into something The total number of municipal employees like this where some one who is competent, in 1924 was 5,245 and there were 117,885 as Dr. Ward surely is, can explain it to us. registered voters. There are about 25 men taking the course, Such are a few of the statistical records which will be completed in a couple more of the Convention City that may be of weeks. First aid is something everyone interest to the brothers contemplating a should know in addition to artificial respira­ visit. Sometimes a cQmparison with cities tion. I don't think anyone can get too one knows gives a better understanding a.nd much of it. appreciation of the "Gateway to the Orient" So much for first aid. Today is election but for beauty of setting and surroundings day in Peoria. We are going to have a new it-can't be done. mayor, I hope. Ed Woodruff is a mighty The Carnival and Exposition the boys of hard man to beat but such things have No. 46 and No. 944 a.re holding to help happened. He has been "king" of Peoria finance the Convention and create interest for about sixteen years and I feel that the in the work of the electrical industry was man who is running against him will make attended by so many people it was decided a very good successor. Mr. Muelher is a to hold it for ten days instead of a week. man who is strong for organized labor and From all appearances it will be the most while I can't say anything to the contrary successful labor affair held in years. of Woodruff, up until the last two years, With best wishes, the sentiment seems very strong for a CHARLES GALLANT, change. Press Secretary. I am glad to see a letter in the WORKER from No. 288. Good work, Brother Moyer, L. U. NO. 51, PEORIA, ILL. come again. I often wonder what that Editor: Local would do without Brother Webb. Is "Friday" Moore still counted among those "Time and tide wait for no man," and present? I feel it is high time that I take my pen There are no new developments in or in hand, for neither does the WORKER around Peoria at present. I don't think wait. Local No. 34 has a press secretary as it is A spell of gloom has been cast over the so seldom we hear from them. rank and file of No. 51, due to a very sad If the censor passes this, I will endeavor accident which occurred to one of our most to do better next time. worthy and highly esteemed brothers on L. M. HOLLY, February 5. Bro. Elmer Madine became Press Secretary. shorted up on 4,000 volts, ground in left hand and hot wire in his right. After he L. U. NO. 53, KANSAS CITY, MO. had received several very severe burns on hands and wrists, the breakers threw out Editor: in the Lake Avenue sub-station about 14 Again we wish to thank those who say miles away. Up to this time, Brother Ma'- nice things about our efforts; it is encour- WORKERS AND OPERATORS 251 aging to say the least. We do not want yours was too sacrilegious? Aside from you to hesitate to speak your mind frankly that your letter was very interesting and even though it is not favorable, for we will we deeply sympathize with you regarding then know that you have an interest in the existing political conditions. Just keep giv­ JOURNAL and that you are reading the let­ ing us good stuff; we like it, but don't you ters from different parts of the country, think it would be best to stay away from for if you read our poor stuff we then know sacrilegious mockery? that you will rLad the others, which are You are improving, L. U. No. 303; we so much better. wish there were more like you across the We must be brief this time. Some will line. We should fraternize more than we probably say, "Thank the good Lord." All have been doing. We need more Canadian right, say It. We will give most of the news through letters from the different Local good writers a rest from our ravings re­ unions in the Dominion. garding their interesting offerings to the For your first effort, L. U. No. 317, you pages of the JOURNAL. We will merely go do well. You are right to make no ex­ through the February number with a hop, cuses; say what you think is right, and let skip and jump, but we feel that we must it go at that. We notice that you have pause in passing just a few of the con­ our old friend, Dan Goble with you, and tribu tions. we also notice, by a statement in your let­ We must say that the style of writing ter, that Dan is still very much of a ladies' used by the press representative of L. U. man, having organized the ladies auxiliary No.1 is unique, to say the least. to the central body. You will always find If you had not shown the existence of Brother Goble a ladies' man when it is pessimism in your mind at the beginning beneficial to organized labor, but the infer­ of your fourth paragraph, L. U. No. 56, your ence above is only a joke, which Brother letter would have been fine. It smacks of Goble knows well how to take. We have optimism all the way through, and as a known Dan personally and a part of the whole it is a very good letter. time intimately for a number of years, and Good for you, L. U. No. 83, just keep on we believe that we are safe in saying that hammering and the nail will finally be it would be hard to find a more upright, hon­ driven home. We should strive for a home est, and conscientious union man. Please for the poor old worn-out devils who have, give our regards to myoId time good friend, either through error or misfortune, failed D. L. Goble. to provide for their own future. Your words regarding the child labor law, We must pat you on the back, L. U. No. L. U. No. 347, are splendid. We wish that 113, for your good words for that much­ our legislators could see the awful harm needed home for disabled electrical workers. that is being done to humanity generally That letter of yours, L. U. No. 163, is by the permission of money grabbers to use just all right, especially your first para­ near infants in their sweat shops. graph in which you invite the poor traveler Fine for you, L. U. No. 348, when some­ to pause and rest his weary bones. We thing is said that is not right; do not hesi­ hope that all brothers have thought seri­ tate to tell about it. We should all re­ ously over the one time habit of saying, frain from any insinuations regarding what "Don't come this way" and that such non­ Nation fought the hardest or won the most fraternalism will never again appear in the battles in the awful conflict. All con­ JOURNAL. cerned did their best and all deserve much All right, Bachie, old dear, your letters credit for what they did 90. We believe are like a bright ray of sunshine which it very untimely and shows a lack of fra­ brightens everything it strikes. Say, let's ternalism for anyone to refer to what was start something, or finish what you nearly done in the Great War when submitting a started some time ago. Let's start a rogues letter to our JOURNAL. gallery. You know cuts cost money so we Come out of it, L. U. No. 873, Kut the will not expect the JOURNAL to go to the ex­ Komody, you are only kidding yourself pense of having cuts made, but let the press with such nonsense. We want to hear from representatives send a cut of ourselves to you but get away from that stuff. There the JOUURNAL so that we may feel more are many good letters in the February num­ familiar with ee,ch other. When do 'we ber that we would like to comment on but start? If you want to start with the April must now pass on. number just send me a letter to my P. O. PUBLICITY SECRETARY. Box, number 304, and we will be right together as a starter. We will be glad to hear from all the press representatives Write lor Latellt Price Lid regarding this little proposition. We are mentioning the matter to you as YOll men­ NEFF ELECTRIC SUPPLY CO. tioned something similar some time ago, Who[".a["r. of but the proposition is meant for all the scribblers. Electrical Merchandise We like you personally, No. 291. and like Construction Material, Fixtures and your letters as a rule. We are not any too Appliances heavily overstocked with religion, but really now, don't you think that mock prayer of 341-345 Second Street, Fall River, Maa •. 252 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL L U. NO. 56, ERIE, PA. thing. But if you realize that more pro­ jects are coming up practically each week, Editor: and big ones at that (a I6-story hotel is That was some WORKER we got last month the latest rumor), then for your own sake and I do not think you (editor) have any and our sake and everybody's sake, come kick coming for lack of cooperation from to every meeting from now on and get in the press secretaries; there was plenty of line with the rest. Help 'us put over that it. I generally have a chance to read all agreement. You would be ready any time the letters before I send my dope; it can't to accept the benefits derived from an agree­ be done this time. Here's hoping that this ment; be also ready any time to share some month's WORKER beats the last. of the burdens. So come up to the next In reading some of the letters I see where meeting. Yes, you, anybody who reads this, I get a setback this time. I do not expect no matter where you are located, go up to any bouquets, and am glad that some broth­ the next meeting of your Local. Your Local ers are not afraid to come right out and tell needs you and you need your Local. you what they think of you, as Bro. Alex Now, then, the usual local stuff. Did Hayman, of Local Union No. 348, Seebe, you ever hear of a wire jerker baking pies Alta., Canada, for instance. But, dear Alex, and doughnuts for his wife? Go and visit do not take a trifle like that to heart; I did Bro. Jim Monroe some day and that's just not mean it that way. I meant to say "A what you will find him doing. Not that Solid Front," whether it be an American alone, he can test a 440-volt line with a or Canadian front it does not matter. But 220-volt lamp. What; you don't believe it: then you see it's like this; I am full-blooded He tried it and burnt his hand. Atl right, German by birth and about as Dutch as Jim, let's have another one of those dough­ they make 'em, so what can you expect? nuts. You know there is no use of being Dutch if Speaking of dough-nuts reminds me of you can't be dumb. Of course, I got civilized Bro. Fred Guff asking someone how he in this country; I meant naturalized. Yes, should hook up a 3-ph. 220-volt D. C. motor. not that alone, "Unionized," too, and that is He made sure to mark the neutral on the the main thing in my estimation. When we 3-phase line; so he won't go wrong on that. are unionized we all belong to one great Well, Fred, I believe our new department army; it does not matter whether it be in the WORKER, "The Transmitter" can fur­ Canadian, or American, or German, or what. nish you with that information. Only one thing is necessary "organize" and We all know what has been said of old "unionize." If those remarks in one of my about the home without children. Well, letters did hurt your feelings I hope you here is Brother Magee taking in a little have forgotten it by now. I am glad to girl to raise and probably adopt later on. think it got you started in writing a letter There seems to be all kinds of promotions to the WORKER and hope you will keep up over at the Edison's gang these da"ys. the good work and send many more letters. Brother Barrett is straw boss at the Arcade Much more so from you as you term some Market. By the way, Bill, need any more writings of the press secretaries "hot air." 200-amp. switches up there? That's just fine; so let's have your views in Brother Hanley is superintendent at the the next WORKER and show some of the rest Cathedral job; another promotion. How do of us birds what we ought to write. We you birds get that way? I have been get­ need l yoU. ting demotions lately. Reading over my own bunk from last There is something strange about these month, I notice a mistake either by mys~lf parts of the country. Seems to be a new or the printer; anyway, in paragraph 4, disease. Union men are getting childish; at right at the beginning, it should read things least in our Local. How's that? You ask. "do" look bright, instead of "don't" look Well, it's like this, Bros. E. Fails and J. bright. O'Brien had scarlet fever, then comes Fred Although I am making my dilily trip to Guff with the measles. Now are they get­ the soup kitchen and keep in the right place ting childish? Of course, that doesn't keep in the breadline I am still in good spirits Bro. T. T. Scollick from running his "Lizzy" and hope to dig in more than ever when on its reputation now. He started from the things open up. Apparently most of the hall the other night after meeting, ran activities in the building line are waiting about one block and discovered that the gas for a break in the weather. tank was empty. But "01' Lizzie" spits and Preparations for the big rush are in order. sputters and safely reaches a gas station We had Brother Bennet, of the Interna­ two blocks away, coming to a dead stop in tional Office, with us at our last meeting front of the pump. Do you doubt my word? and we hope that with his help we shall be Well, ask our Business Agent, Bro. E. aWe" to put over an agreement this year. Schwab; he believes, as George Washington, If some of you brothers who read the daily he could not tell a lie. newspapers, and the WORKER also, cannot Sorry to think I have to report on any see any reason now why you need your such matters as took place at a certain party Local and why your Local needs you, stay held by Bros. M. Schauble, "Bandy" Huster, away from the meetings and go to the and G. Sievert. As it were, there was a movies or meet Katie or do some other fool conspiracy between Schauble and Huster WORKERS AND OPERATORS 253

to paralyze "Kid" Sievert, but the ending whom the foreman had did the work I was quite different, the latter being obliged was supposed to do. Also we have the case to chaperon Schauble and Huster to the of Bro. Ed. Miller, who was No. one man in former's home. The mixup that occurred seniority on the same job. He was laid there is unprintable. They had quite a time off. The same helper did the work Bro. with each other's clothes the next morning. Miller and I should have done. We have Bromo selzer was in order for breakfast. had superintendents come to this town and One of our dear brethern met with an work Saturday afternoons, Sundays and accident; in fact there were two accidents, holidays to finish the job. Now this is and instead of taking this poor brother to for the information of the world that when the hospital, they took him to the hoosegow. any more out of town superintendents come President E. Schwab instructed the accident here they will have to listen to us. The committee to visit Bro. Todd Freeman and result of the above superintendent's cases console him in his bereavement. I hear is that they will be allowed no personal the whistle blowing so here I quit for today. helper; also they will not work with tools Fraternally yours, outside of what they can carry in their J. WINTER. vest pocket. So you can see just what we were up against and what others will have L. U. NO. 81, SCRANTON, PA. to do when they come here. Editor: We have men in this town capable of The time has arrived to get our little running any job that comes along, big or piece in the WORKER. We are still in ~mall; they are so good, it was from the the mud as far as work goes but things pattern bent out of conduit by the Scranton will be very bright in a month or so. We and Wilkes-Barre boys that pretzels were are glad to see so many Locals contributing first made. Now some one else tell one. to the WORKER lately. That seems like We are taking care of Wilkes-Barre. old times again. If every Local would Not getting sarcastic or funny and for write it would be very nice. the information of the boys, must say that I have the bad or good news to report the narrow backs of the coal regions are that somebody stole our tin lizzie in coupe there with sails all set. shape from in front of C. L. U. Headquar­ So if you boys think Scranton and Wilkes­ ters at our last Executive Board meeting Barre are hick towns and that we can't and since then we have had no news of hold our ends up and then some you are her. So if any of you brothers see a to­ mato can with a roof over it and she has no owner please let us know. We are thinking that she is gone to look for a good job, and we are thinking of getting Business Agent Daley a sin-twix Slackard, as that is about his style; or maybe the boys will get him a three-cylinder hand car, so that he won't be lonesome for a drive. That makes the second tin can this Local fell for and probably it will be the last. I will now have to turn the guns on Brother L. F. Clark of No. 143, Harrisburg, for the mild censure he handed to me about Brother Bennett. The writer has had his card in No. 143 and will say that they are a bunch of live wires. To get back to Brother Clark's story, namely, that we page out Brother Bennett. For the last couple of years we have had Dependable Superintendents coming to this town and not using the boys as they should be used. (60 Million Satisfied Customer1 After getting a few doses of their medi­ cine, we revised our by-laws so that we could control their relations to us. At the Good Looking time Brother Bennett came to Scranton the facts were that we had quite a few men out (Improved Model-a handsome watch) of work and did not feel that we were giving our boys a fair shake to let some one else come in our jurisdiction and let Big Value our boys sit around. The situation was (You get tIle henefit of the saving explained to him and he readily agreed with from immense quantity productiodJ us that we were right. I worked on one job where the foreman canned me for two weeks to walk around, while the helper 254 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL entitled to the celluloid stove pipe. Some the great American Plan so why go into smoke. This is not a lot of horse ---. that, and while Fresno was fortunate (?) The dash after horse means radish. We in not having had to make that fight directly, have the goods and can sell them to any­ indirectly we were very much in it and I one looking for same. Brother Parks of think now, are probably receiving the full Nu. 163 will back us up. results. So you can see that it only takes one or The only thing the matter here is that two superintendents to ruin the works for we haven't been buried. We are certainly some other good fellows; it will be up to dead, and the stench is awful. I will prob­ then, in the future to step lightly and ably be asked to explain that last paragraph softly, and silently. Our by-laws are pretty and if called upon I suppose I can; and by hot and must be strictly lived up to. We the time this is read, if it is read, things can handle most any situation by referring may have changed to such an extent that to them. Well, brothers, I guess this is I will be forgiven that piece of "Bad Ad­ enough for this time so will now close. vertising," but the truth hurts no one, and (RUSTY) SWARTZ. so let her go. In dodging the "Open Shop" fight that L. U. NO. 83, LOS ANGELES, CALIF. wa2 rampant a few years ago, Fresno, through her B. T. C. appointed a "Confer­ Editor: ence Board" of five members to meet with I am sending this letter by air mail, a similar board appointed from the "Build­ hoping same will arrive in time for publi­ ers Exchange," a child of the "Industrial cation. Association" to agree, or I should say to I see by the WORKER that Jimmy Farrel make and sign an agreement, whereby the of No. 116, was at the American Federation Building Trades of this vicinity should work of Labor Convention associating with the in harmony and not be bothered with "aristocrats" of the labor movement. He friendly (?) scabs. must have used his dictionary on that last There were 14 points to this agreement letter. and while I don't remember the 14 offhand, If any of you who read this letter have I do remember one and that one called for any friends or anyone whose welfare you a reduction of $1 per day for each craft would protect, let me plead with you, don't in the B. T. in order to stimulate building, let them come to Los Angeles looking for which had practically stopped. work. The Chamber of Commerce Build­ That was two or maybe three years ago. ing now nearing completion, recently ran The building hasn't started yet. At that an ad in a local paper reading: "Carpenters time Fresno was one of the best, if not the wanted. Three dollars per day." There best organized cities in the United States, are men with families in this town who and now I think we are one of the worst. work the electrical construction game for This Local has dropped from a membership four dollars and fifty cents per day. Or­ of around 100 to about 30 members and from ganized labor for years has tried in vain the first of the year I doubt if we have to do something with the deplorable condi­ averaged working more than fifteen men a tion which exists in this city. On every week. All that in a city of around 75,000 hand you see monuments to "scab" labor. population. For the benefit of those of you A word to the wise is "nuff" said. who don't know I might state that the "San C. I. BAQUET, Joaquin Valley," of which Fresno is the Press SecretarY. center is one of the greatest fruit producers, with raisins at the head of the list, with peaches, figs, apricots, etc., following. The L. U. NO. 100, FRESNO, CALIF. farmers here are incorporated cooperatively Editor: under the head "Sun Maid Raisin Growers," It was with regret that I, and I know the or at least a big percentage of them are, rest of the members of Local No. 100, read and the rest, about 15 per cent, don't and the news of the resignation of our Inter­ won't sign up or join, whichever way you national Secretary Chas. P. Ford and it is like it. So they are the same as the crafts­ the wish of this Local that he may speedily men union men and rats, and the battle recover his health, and be able to take his goes on. Right now they have just finished place at the wheel once more. a campaign for the resigning of contracts, And to the new Secretary, we wish success but the figures, I understand won't be given and hope that he will carryon as Brother out until some time in March. The Associa­ Ford so ably did. tion wants at least 85 per cent of the acreage It has been some time since the Brother­ under control, but whether they have it or hood has heard from the Land of Sunshine not I am unable to say at present. and Roses or particularly that spot that lies I am very glad to see a department, such as between the great city of Lost Angels on the Transmitter opened in the JOURNAL be­ the south and the second great shipping cause it has always been my belief that center of the United States on the north, with proper cooperation, such a department namely San Francisco. will be, as you say, to all the Locals' of the But to tell the truth we haven't had much Brotherhood profit; because I believe that news. You are probably all familiar with conditions, in time, can be bettered all over WORKERS AND OPERATORS 255 the country through better cooperation of ter ring off and see if this gets by. If so, the Locals in each vicinity. For instance, who knows, I may come again. at the present time we have a Journeyman's Hello Cotter, Coz and all the rest of you License Law. At a future date I would like Bums. I hope you are having better luck to get copies of similar laws in force in other than we and may we meet again. 'Cities with comments on the good and bad In .conclusion, Mr. Editor, I might say points of those laws and in this way I be­ that in regards to your questions in the lieve all of us could profit.. Transmitter, will try and get all the dope for At the present time the contractors of our you and have it ready in time for the next city are working on an Electric Ordnance WORKER. to put before our commissioners in the near Fraternally, future. It would be a very good idea if the P. S. different scribes watched for any change that came up in that line and put them out L. U. NO. 1M, BOSTON, MASS. for argument, because what helps the con­ Editor: tractor helps us if worked right and vice versa. As I slipped up on writing last month I It might also be of interest to some of must get in a few lines this month to keep our ex-members of No. 100 to know that the boys from knocking. After having such Bro. Fincher has opened a Radio Shop and .a corking time at our smoke talk, all the has located in the same store with the Cen­ boys will want to see something about it tral State Electric Co. in the JOURNAL. Well, with Fitzgerald Things got so bum here that we practically and Flanders and their committee working had to do away with the office of Business together, of course it couldn't be anything Agent, although Bro. Fincher is still operat­ but a success. There was lots of good ing under that head and if anyone comes in singing. The entertainment was started by that doesn't know the ropes I might say that "Young" Ross, a son of one of our oldest he still has to look up the Business Agent. members, Ira Ross, followed by a good line We don't allow panhandling. of vaudeville. This part ended with a good When I started I had no idea of running sensible talk as only Brother Kaveney, of competition with Bachie or our friend Smoot the International Office can give. Oh, yes, or even our friend from No. 53, ,so had bet- we had Tommy Paul dancing jigs and a

THE VALVE THAT MAKES A GOOD MOTOR BETTER~ BOYLE Nevergrind Silent VALVES No.1 No.2 Illustration No.1 shows a cross section of Illustration No. 2 shows a BOYLE the BOYLE VALVE open. Notice the sepa- VALVE closed under pressure of the valve ration at the outer edges between the soli'l spring and gas explosion. Note the flex- crOWn and flexible seating plate, which ig ible seating plate, which has been tightly exaggerated to show the principle of the drawn against the solid crown with an valve. This Slight separation absorbs the outward radial movement that cleans the customary clicking noises heard with ordi- valve seat on the top of the block at every nary valves, and is the basic reason for the operation. Consequently regrinding is un- silent operation of the BOYLE VALVE. necessary. l\IADE FOR ALL POPPET VALVE ])lOTORS!-DURABLE A:SD ECONOl\IICAL BOYLE VALVES improve with use. They save their cost in one valve grindiug period. Installed in less time than regrinding present valves. For Further Inlonnation, Write the BOYLE VALVE co. 1\1. J. BOYLE 5821-23-25 So. Ada St. W. S. GOODELL ~ Pres. Chicago, Illinois Gen. Mgr. A 256 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL good old-fashioned breakdown by Dan Mc­ Bro. "Shorty" Shears is out of the hospi­ Dougal and Tommy Paul. With plenty of tal now and gaining slowly. union made cigars and a good buffet lunch, Bro. Crosby has been quite ill but has all the boys went home happy. They car­ recovered and gone to work. ried thoughts that we cJln have some fun Bro. Bob Valentine also has recovered once in a while. Come again, boys, alld we and returned to work. shall fill the hall at every meeting. Brother Edw. Willets up and done it Fraternally, again (Got married). Sh{)rtIy after this D. A. MCGILLIVRAY, happened, his safety belt unsnapped and Secretary. let him down off a 50-foot stick. He landed on another lineman, then into a L. U. NO. 106, JAMESTOWN, N. Y. snow bank; he was at work the next day. Editor: "Bear Lake" Sailor is now buying hides. He occasionally helps the postal man out. As I missed a letter last month I will try to make up for it now. "Big Chief" Ed. O'Day is on a farm now near Salamanca. Take notice No. 79. I think the WORKER is for the purpose The committee on agreement is out re­ of letting the membership at large know vising same, and it behooves each and every the conditions of work in each Local's juris­ diction and for the enlightenment of any inside man and their helpers to be present member who has beeen in flocal No. 106- to know what is going on. We held an open meeting for the linemen and station but now is in some other part of the coun­ try. That is what I will continue to write operators a few weeks ago, but not 01le showed up. We intend to keep right after about, so the critic from No. 291 can still say, "Local No. 106 is just local." them. On February 5, we held our 25th anni­ I see by the letter from No. 218 that Bro. Bert Skaggs is on the sick list. versary banquet, which was a huge success r' hope this finds you better, Bert, old top. and enjoyed by every member who attended. According to the newspaper reports of it All our members are sorry to learn that Brother Ford had to resign on account of there were about 200 present. Yours truly illness. We all hope that he will- regain. was .toastmaster. Mayor Carlson gave us a very interesting talk; then Organizer Bro. his health in the near future. Good luck. Charlie, old boy. We also wish to congrat­ Arthur Bennett made a very fine address, ulate Brother Bugniazet on his promotion,. as did also Brother Kloter. All of the and wish him every success. The writer talks by the speakers were given in full remembers the first time he met Gus. It in both the morning and evening papers was on a Sunday morning at a special meet­ of this city, so those members who did not ing of Local No. 181, of Utica, N. Y. (in attend could see what they missed. March, 1914, I think) when they tried tOo Dancing was on the program for the bal­ swing No. 181 over. Jimmy Reid, Lacy and ance of the evening. It was fun to watch myself were present. Do you remember it, "Fat" Neilson trying to do the square Brother Bugniazet? dance. He was on the floor most of the Well, I will bring this to a close by wish­ time, but not with his feet. They were in the air. Ha, ha, hal It makes me laugh ing all the Brotherhood every success, lots. of work, and that all the members will to see him now, even while I am writing. live up to the password for the quarter. Everybody went home about 12.30 happy, 01o1r meeting nights will be March 23 and and asking for the Local to repeat it again next year and make it an annual affair. April 6. Be sure to be on hand, as very important business is up for action. James Hanson and MacClean, from Erie, took Brothers Bennett and Kloter up to Fraternally yours,.. the Elks' Home for a visit. From all re­ W.R.M., ports they had a wonderful time. How Press Secretary.. about it, Bennett? I will take the space here to thank L. U. NO. 108, TAMPA, FLA. the General Office on behalf of Local No. 106 for sending Brothers Bennett and Editor: Klotcr here; also thank Brothers Bennett The truth about Florida-If you contem­ and Kloter for coming. Local No. 106, will plate spending the winter season in Florida, be glad to have you come again any time. with the intention of earning your expenses. You both always will be welcome. while here, you should inform yourself con­ A committee is now working out a plan cerning work and working conditions in for a clam bake and stag party some time this State. If you come here without doing in the near future. Details will be pub­ so you may soon find yourself in the de­ lished later. plorable condition that many others are Work around here is pretty slack just now in-without work, or means to live. at present, but we look for things to open and, of course without funds to leave the up as soon as this zero weather lets up. place. This is not merely the view of one Our hall has been all fixed up, painted, person or anyone group of persons, but papered, and new light put in. It certainly is the expressed sentiment of all honest is a pleasure to attend meetings now. and well-informed people. Read this ex- WORKERS AND OPERATORS 257 cerpt from a publication issued by the all electrical workers' delegates will do Tampa Board of Trade: likewise at their central bodies. "We desire to be honest with those who We are elated also because Brother Noo­ are looking for positions; stenographers, nan has been duly elected one of the Cen­ bookkeepers, civil engineers, mechanics. tral Committee of the A. F. of L., in laboring men, in fact, all salaried people. Brother Green's place. There, as in no Do not come to Tampa without you have other, can so much constructive work be the assurance of a job before coming, and done for us who make up the army of remember, the Board of Trade cannot essay America's citizens. Why so? Because of to secure you a position or act as your the vast amount of the nation's comforts agent in negotiating with business men or that we are producing. There needs to be manufacturers. a care for the goose, not the egg, and I "Tampa is a semi-tropical, semi-health think if constructive minds assemble in resort city, and like cities of that class the A. F. of L. executive council such as we have hundreds upon hundreds of strang­ our International President there will be ers with us seeking salaried jobs who come on their own volition. Some come to escape the rigorous winters of the north; others on advice of physicians, and some with spirit of the wanderlust. But they come, and it is a long way back home. There is plenty of work here, and the city is growing, but remember that this city is peopled mostly by those from the north, and when an employee knows of a vacancy in his firm he has a friend where he came from whom he recommends for the place. That's the condition. You will find it any place-but you will not find another Board of Trade honest enough to advise you for your best interests." I also wish to say that there are a num­ ber of card men in this city now with their cards in their pockets and there they keep them until they get ready to go back home, instead of depositing them in the Local Union like men. We -are on the tracks Know the facb In Eleetrieity. The,. mean more money and better ~.ition for you. Hawkins Guide. of a few of these birds now, and if we tell you all you need to know about Electrieity. catch them they may know what to expect. ea~Y:Z~:::,~r;?;~t ~:::~I::~:d:~~1 :~jyred IOe~::a~ Those who are desirous of obtaining plete, practical workinfzcourse, in 10 volQmea further information can get same by ad­ t~~~kt~ i':kPo~~~t. •• flexible covers. Oi-der B Bet dressing H. L. Barrs, P. O. Box 662, Tampa, Fla. HAWKINS GUIDES H. L. BARRS, 3500 PAGES $1 A VOLUME Financial Secretary. 4700 PICTURES $1 A MONTH These books tell you all about- M.an~tl.m -: Induction- Experiments-Dynamoa­ L. U. NO. 113, COLORADO SPRINGS. EI~ct~c MachlOer,y - Motors - Annatures - Armature WlOdmR'B:- InBtalhnll' of Dynamos - Electrical Instru­ COLO. ment Te8tlng-:-Pr~ca1 Management of Dynamos and Editor: .M.o~ors-.D)stnbubon Systems-Wirinll-Wiring Djagr8IU -S!gIl FJalhers-Stora~e Batteries-Principles of Alter- 1925 has been ushered in seemingly as ~a:i~~~~~a~~t;o~~~~':t~~r?e-;~~~~fA~~s~7t~~~ all other years, but seems to have more r::;~m~~~:~r:~~~~~~i~~~~~;;~~~a~r:,r: significance than others. One thing in par· -Inst,allmg-,Telephone-Teleat:.aph -Wireless-Bells­ Lig.htm~f"ERa ilwl!-Y,a. Also many·Modern PractiealAppli.. ticular, it marked the formation of our atlons 0 Jectrlcltyand Ready Reference Index. insurance department for the issuing of protection to anyone in or out of the labor SHIPPED TO YOU FREE Notacent topa,. unt~ee~ Nooblisration movement. These companies rightly man­ to b'!lunles~ you are sabafied. Send Coupon now-today aged are a source of much income. We ii60toaye:J~:~r$r~;I~~~~~70~r:n8~~~~~~rn~l:~1t~ feel that anyone who knows of friends who contemplate insuring should be the THEO. AU DEL & CO •• first to recommend our own company and PI ... IlUt:U~I~! ~::J:;. expound its merits, and benefits. H_wkln. Electrical Guide. (Price $1 each). Ship at once. pr.­ At the last meeting of opr central body paid. the 10 Dumben. If satisfactory. J _ar_ to send J'au $1 within eeven d.B78 BD4 we received a letter from the A. F. of L. to tu.rther man J'OU $1 each IIlODth UDtil paid. pertaining to the Electrical Workers' Old

Line Insurance Department with quite a 000... & .....______;- _____ lengthy article on the subject. I explained Empw.~by ______~ ___ the objects and desires of our Brotherhood a.ud~. ______in the formation of this movement and re­ Bof... ~·~ ______ceived favorable endorsement of it. I hope .I.B.E.W. 258 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL a ma~ch forward in greater endeavors for of the west would be your father and, of humanity. course, all these western Local Unions feel There is always a great universal good this same pulse, and the strings pull hard accomplished where union men take a stand on progressive natures. They hear the call for progress. We not only directly benefit of the mature man; they urge the same the affiliated organizations, but all who. eastward to the farthermost Local Union toil-union and non-union. This proves to be ideal, be humane, be filled with the the contentions of laboring men. We are spirit of the western sun. Be tolerant. human benefactors. Selfishness seems to Give up some of those dimes that you can enter into all efforts of union management, spare. Cast your bread upon the water but it only seems. If we are wide enough in this way and there is no doubt that it between the eyes and see with a clear will return in plenty. Fill your hours with vision as movers of the world, we belong goodly deeds; be a helpmate to others; to the chosen. This is not boastful, nor strive to help those who are in distress and egotistical but a statement based on re­ need succor and strength for greater en­ sults. deavors. Help y(}ur br(}ther to help him­ This is one thing to bear in mind, more self by putting him on his feet once again than all else, that if we cast our bread to be serviceable to all dependent upon upon the water, it undoubtedly will return him. We see this every day at the Union to us after many days. How we send it Printers Home. Why not our own? Get out, with what motive it is involved, deter­ the spirit of the west. Let the light burn, mines the general home coming; its return. until the East, poor cripple, shall return We have stated in the opening paragraphs a new made sun in our international celes­ of this article suggestions for serving the tial sphere, for we are widely known, and commonweal. The essence of our true de­ are meeting many of the larger problems sires is to assist all the brothers and aid of life daily. Work for the home for thc' those in the west, who have this human aged and help these western men who bring touch and are given, as all westerners, are the fight to you. Backed by a mighty and naturally, to progressive movements. You clearly visible cause, namely, these needy, know as the sun rises in the morning fresh sick and disabled brothers and later their and new and starts across our continent, it orphans. Remember the Seattle convention. is as a young babe has come into life To turn to m(}re practical matters. each day, and being so has not the strong Our city has just gone, or will go into tendencies to many of the progressive the lighting game in July of this year. We ideals of life, and as it journeys westward have about 50,000 scattered over this dis­ and gathers age and feeling and warmth trict. We have a new installation of a it is consumed with the more giving spirit steam plant t() assist the Hydr(} and the toward the noontime of her journey. It city is talking 6,600 volt feeders for resi­ grows into the spirit of the man who be­ dence and business districts and transfor­ gins to think. "When I was a child, I mation to 110 for secondaries, etc. I wish thought as a child, but when I became a to hear from some of the linemen, their man, I put away all childish ideas," said objections, dangers, and whatever informa­ the Apostle. He journeys to a more pro­ tion derogatory to its use you may have. gressive era. So when our sun passes the We are fighting the city in preference to high noon of its westward flight, it pene­ 2,200. Our business district is not under­ trates on each passing hour, more (}f the ground. new and natural tendencies in the people's The brothers are all alive, and our help­ minds of maturer natures. Progressive ers are all progressing nicely under our ideas, human uplift movements, f(}r out of system of training to be real physicians of the west comes all present embryo ideals, electrical ills. I like Brother Smoot's arti­ as fNm the aging of mature man. cles very much. He is a real lover of The east, (}r Morning Sun, has f(}llowed poetry. On our way to Montreal we shared in its wake. Well en(}ugh t() be left alone, our room in Chicago, and I found he pos­ little (}f experiment, little (}f change. Hence sessed some India Lyric poems. I have been the death of the western pr(}gressive cam­ waiting patiently for some of those good paign last fall, but we are proud of these selections, that charmed him. He seems stalwart fighting men in (}ur House (}f Con­ easily touched. At the Frontenac Garden gress. They furnish the spirit (}f the ma­ he l(}st his eyesight and was incapacitated. ture man, and s(}oner or later they shall Come on, old boy! prevail. Brother Horne, of Local Union No. 18, It is so again; from out the west comes did a fine thing at the convention. He read once more the spirit of the Father as to a letter from a distressed brother in Ari­ the child. Thou art sick, my son; and are zona, and got a collection of around $275 unable to do your daily service. Come for him. He touched the heart of that home and rest. Y(}U are broken in body, bunch of boys, who kn(}w how to help, but spirit and purse. Y(}U must retire from when the home came up they had a chill this awful grind until able (}nce again to and never recovered. meet the exacting demands of the master. We'll work for the home and don't let the So I have furnished a home for you. We sun go down until you have vowed to WORKERS AND OPERATORS 259 make a move to add one more pearl to the carried a paid-up card for twenty-five years great achievements of our International has furnished ample proof of his sincerity Brotherhood. and integrity. Railroads, lodges, industrial W. A. LOBBEY. organizations and the U. S. Government recognize and reward long years of service L. U. NO. 117, ELGIN, ILL. and so why cannot we be the pioneers for Editor: labor organizations in this regard? My The February WORKER arrived today; eo if No. 117 is to be represented in the March issue this press secretary will have The Land of to get busy as the forms close February 28. There are three items that I will write about and will take them up in this order: Oranges Local gossip, an amendment to the consti­ Do YOII want to gpt away tution, and the cooperation of our Execu­ tive Board with the National Board of Fire From th~ grind of eyery day- Underwriters. From th~ drur]gPrY of thing" you ha'\'p. to -do? Business with us is fairly good, none of Do you want to spttlp down our men are idle and we have taken in Xpar a livply, bUHY town, several good non-resident new members. If Where thf' jOJ' of lh'ing will app~al to you? the new wage scale of the building trades Do you wan t to Rren t the hrep?p. is not pr.ohibitive to people of moderate Coming through the ollllnge trpps? means, building should be as good this Do you want to hpur the hiNIH ('ull-loud and year as last. Installation night was a rec­ clear? ord breaker for us as far as attendance was Are you sepking perfect hpaith concerned. We have a lot of bread and That's combined with cprtain wpalth butter members; they are almost all from And an incomf' from fin orangf" g-rove each Missouri: you have to show them some­ year? thing to eat to get their interests up. Well, Do you want a piecp of land the "Home Coming Committee," consisting 'l'hat will grow to beat the band of B.rothers Costello, Nohls and Benson, All thp di1l'erent garden crops that you enjoy? not only showed them something but gave "Do you ".rant to lunke a "Nest," them something to talk about also. The And a pprmanent bequest meeting adjourned as soon as the most For the fu turf' welfarp of each girl and boy? urgent business was transacted and we left in a body for the festivities. The en­ Do you want a sunny cUm" tertainment was long and punctuated at Where there's fishing all thp tinlP? exactly the right moment with refre.sh­ "'here thprp's dn('ks and dN'r a 11,1 quail and ments, cool and invigorating to the "grunts" other game? and "basement gainers." It was a real Where th .. summer climatf"s cool, night; no one tried to make a speech, but And within .. ach lak<' and pool, one or two did try to sing. "Mickey" You can swim ill January-just the same? Walsh, Dave McCarthy, Pink, Sticky, Acky, Do rou want to huy this land and others did their little share to make On an easy-payment plan, things pleasant for all. Our officers are the With about your monthly outlay for cigars? same for this year excepting that Brother Do you want to read a book Costello is president instead of "Big Ben" That will makp you want to look Benson. On the finest land that lays beneath t:Oe stars? I would respectfully invite your attention Send a I~tter right away; . to the following clause which ought to be Put it in thp mail today, inserted into the constitution of the I. B. We will send this Bookld al¥;olutelJ' FREE, E. W. as Section 3 of Article 24: Aftpr YOIl have read it through, "Any member who has been in good If a thought occurs to you- standing for a period of twenty-five years Just address another letter here to me, may apply to the Internati"onal Office for We will answer, straight and trup. a Pension Certificate. On proof of the Questions that occur to you, necessary years of service the International We have nothing to !"'Ilde or to conceul. Office shall issue this certificate and said On an Orange County Farm member shall be e?Cempt for life for all Life wlU take on added charm, dues excepting per-capita tax to the Inter­ And you'U never lack a dollar-nor a meal. national Office. He shall be entitled to all the benefits of the I. B. E. W. and exempt Spnd for our Big, 1"HEE Illustrated Book­ from all fines by Local Unions, except for "TWEXTY ACRES AXD PLEXTY," It tells violations of working rules. The local of almost unbelievable profits made from truck­ financial secretary shall forward the per­ ing and fruit-growing In our part of FLOHID.I.. capita tax if requested by pensioner." .llso about sick-and-out-of-work ClaUses, and other protective features of our contract. This proposed amendment needs no ora­ '\,ldre.s 8YLVESTJ<~R K WIL~ON. Dept. Y-2. tory or explanation; any member who has Orlando. Florida. 260 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL twenty-fifth anniversary as a member of ship has increased in proportion more than the I. B. E. W. will be celebrated early next that of any other trade. We do not want year and I know of nothing more acceptable questionable labor-saving devices that will to commemorate the event than one of rob our men of their work. What we do these "Pension Certificates," to be hung want is "a closed shop on wiring material over the mantel in a nice little frame and and electrical equipment;" and our Execu­ bearing the' seal and ribbons of the I. B. tive Board should safeguard the interests E. W. This is a purely honorable pension of the. I. B. E. W. membership by having and it will cost the International Brother­ the last wOTd as to whether any changes hood only the printing charges; and their in the "code" are practical and safe and finances should permit that. consistent to our prosperity as ele~trical Give this amendment a little thought, workers. then carry it to Seattle, Wash., in August Several brothers in the February WORKER and put it over the top. have mentioned the home for old and dis­ If I were a member or delegate to the abled members. I am greatly in favor of Seattle convention I would introdl#ce a reso­ it with this proviso; that it be self-sup­ lutioon demanding the affiliation of our Ex­ porting. Any brother should be admitted ecutive Board with the members of the Na­ who is 60 years old and who can pay an tional BoaI'd of Fire Und~writers. Per­ entrance fee of $500 and deed over all his haps they are member's now. Politics and earthly possessions to the International pr.opaganda are working assiduously, hand Office. in hand to undermine the labor of years Those are the conditions of our local Old of the Brotherhood. Shrewd, sagacious, Peoples Home and it is a very successful and very questionable business methods institution, with always a long waiting list. are now empioyed to exploit new electrical Surely none of our members who are so devices and methods of doing work; and the strong for a home would be content to be most conspicuous of these is the smooth charity patients. and talented press ag=t. It has been said Local No. 117 is now signing off at 11 that over 50 per cent of newspaper items p. m. central standard time. Don't forget are propaganda. The Standard Oil Com­ the pension certificates. Bros. Theo Weide­ pany of Indiana is said to spend at least a man, Z. A. Parks, Bill and Scov Beardslee, million dollars yearly coating themselves all of No. 134, ought to be interested, as with whitewash; and a raise of a cent a the flag is nearly there for them as 25-year gallon on gas will pay the printer's bill. men. Many thanks. Our own local gas company recently cov­ J. C. BLACKNEY, ered whole pages in the papers stating that A. B. A. by special dispensation of Washington, D. C., they were going to lower the B. T. U. L. U. NO. 125, PORTLAND, ORE. in our gas at a great profit to them and Editor: no loss to us; and we should feel the honor Recent developments are very encouraging greatly. A fine lot of b.unk to deal out to to Local Union No. 125 in its prosecution their patrons. of the strike and boycott against the N orth­ Have sharp practices and propaganda en­ westerI'. Electric Company. Disclosures made tered the electrical field to the extent that at a meeting of the Portland City Council they are a menace to our prosperity? I on February 25 brought unfavorable public­ think that they have. For some time it ity to the company in the columns of every has been apparent that the Underwriters daily newspaper. are approving methods and devices which The matter before the council was an ap­ are neither practical nor safe; and these, plication of the company for permission to unless nipped in the bud, will eventually erect a 66,000 volt line through a congested eliminate journeyman electricians excepting section of the city. On the protest of citi­ cn large jobs in the big cities. The mail zens the construction has been held up for order houses and the 5 and 10 cent stores five months and a decision was again delayed. will reap the harvest at our expense. Though consent of the city was lacking, the Material and devices have been and are company has expended about $50,000, accord­ being approved by the Underwriters which ing to its own admission, in setting poles. may be installed without protective insula­ As a sidelight on the company's policy of tors of any description and if this policy disregarding the city, a prominent citizen­ is not checked soon we may as well throw the director of a large trust company-pro­ away all tools excepting possibly, a knife, tested against the company constructing a screw driver, pliers and a brace and bit. second line of poles in one of the fine resi­ Fully 90 per cent of all fires traced to faulty dence liistricts. The citizens of the district electrical installation can be attributed to have expended large sums of money in poor joints that heat on the increase in beautifying it, and it developed at the city load, and in thirty years of experience I council hearing that the electric company have never seen a mechanical joint of low was proceeding to set its poles without even C. M. capacity that would equal one well securing the usual permit from the city soldered and dpubly taped. engineer. During the past ten years our member- One of the city commissioners scathingly WORKERS AND OPERATORS 261 denounced the attitude of the Northwestern the saxophone artist; and other educated in its ruthless disregard of the city govern­ and talented gentlemen of the pliers. ment and the interests of citizens. Public Like all other Locals we have our prob­ sentiment is being aroused against the tac­ lems and difficulties and we are wrestling tics of the company that cannot fail to react with one right now. We are up against favorably to the Electrical Workers. the problem of the member contractor. Men Another annoyance for the company is who employ no one but a helper and him the delay being caused by the Golden Won­ only occasionally. On the advice of the der Mining Company disputing the rights of International Office we gave them all with­ the Northwestern to build a big power dam drawal cards some time ago, but this re­ on Lewis River in Clarke County, Washing­ sulted only in our losing control of them ton, just across the Columbia river from and in a loss of revenue to the Local. Now Portland. The dispute is in the courts and we have deci.dcd to bring them back into threatens to delay construction of the dam the Local. If any of ye scribes or readers for several years. have been up against the same proposition, At a recent meeting of Local Union No. I would be glad to see a letter in the 125 it was voted almost unanimously to WORKER telling how you handled the situ­ continue the strike and boycott. With the ation. weight of a growing public sentiment behind Before closing let me express my appre­ the strikers, it can be seen that the public ciation of the many fine letters we read service corporation will be on the defensive. each month. They show a wonderful spirit The public has recently learned that the of brotherhood, of oneness of purpose for Fleischhacker interests of San Francisco, the great cause of organized labor and a who control the Northwestern, are engaged desire to be bigger and better in every in many other exploiting enterprises. Their way to the end that some day we may say Anglo-London-Paris bank sought to have the with truth and just pride "Labor omnia Sta te legislature come to their rescue in vincit." making good on an issue of irrigation bonds RAY CULLEN. that appear to be a poor investment. The scheme was exposed and failed. In the January issue of the JOURNAL we referred to Bro. D. L. Hiatt. That should be corrected to read "Ex-Brother," as Hiatt deserted the organization some time ago . STOMACH • The only recent desertion was C. L. Twid­ well, who went over to the Northwestern. An assessment of one thousand dollars has been placed against his card, which is No. SUFFERERS 271247. NOTICE! Union activities, outside of prosecution of the strike, are proceeding normally. Re­ Here is a new free book entitled newal of the agreement with the Portland "The Inner Mysteries of the Stomach" Electric Power Company will be up for con­ written by a physician specialist who sideration in the next few weeks. Present has studied the workings of the human indications are that an amicable settlement stomach and vital organs for over thirty will be reached by negotiation. years. It is finely illustrated with X-Ray photos revealing facts regarding Fraternally yours, the most probable cause of your trou­ J. SCOTT MILNE, bles that have been ignored by doctors Press Secretary. for years! If you value your health and wish to be free from stomach dis­ L. U. NO. 133, MIDDLETOWN, N. Y. orders and troubles arising therefrom, write for a copy of this wonderful new Editor: book! Its free distribution is aiding Some of our sister Locals may not be the authorities to decrease the appall­ aware of the existence of No. 133, of Mid­ ing high death rate due to ignorance, dletown, N. Y., and so I will take this op­ wrong diagnosis and neglect of unsus­ portunity to introduce her to the boys out pected, serious stomach disorders that there. Weare only a small Local in a have kept people doctoring without re­ small city but our membership includes lief for weeks, months and in some cases such famous characters as Billy "Father" years. Any reader of this paper can Beers, our present president; "Duke" obtain a copy of "The Inner Mysteries Hienig, our hard-working financial; "Old of the Stomach" absolutely free by Tom" Hodge; of the eternal pipe; Sam Lee, sending letter or post card requesting who quit the railroad in the last strike; it, to address below. Those who wish Joe Cummiskey, the Irishman with the may enclose ten cents in silver or stamps Jewish name, whose good nature keeps him to help cover cost of this announcement fat; Mead Hunt, of the light tripping toes; and mailing. Address, Dr. F. R. Ward, Tony Manzo, the king of Cottage Street; Dept. 211, No. 241 West 72nd St., New Dick Perry, the sweet singerj Harry Finch, York, N. Y. 262 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE Yucatan, Mexico, when seventeen of them Editor: were hung up in one tree for an example to the other slaves. Please permit me to say that the notice of President Noonan in the February No doubt you will say, "That brother is a pessimist." Please read on, brother, read on. JOURNAL rega ~ding the resignation of Secretary Ford was like a thunder bolt from I am here to give you facts pertaining to a clear sky. Personally I regret very much your jobs, and what they are doing in the to know that Brother Ford will not be electrical industries today. We have the most with us, and more deeply regret the cause powerful arm to break'and that is the Elec­ of his having to leave the service of the trical arm, we must break that arm in order Brotherhood. Knowing Brother Ford as I so we poor workers can exist; they have do both personally and as an officer of cleaned out every union in their plants with the exception of a few building trades and Brotherhood, I feel as if a very dear th~ now they are starting at them with their friend was going from us. I have always underhand and cowardly manner. found Brother Ford to be a man who weighs all matters carefully before taking The General Electric Co. is the mother of final action and invariably the action taken all the electrical industries in the world. by him is right. He was ever ready to help It controls everyone of them regardless a worthy brother to the extent of his abil­ what part of the earth they may be located. ity. Not long ago he saved my record from Any time you see a motor with a G. E. on being gone beyond recall on account of a it just think how many poor slaves have financial secretary who did not handle the worked on that machine. Of course if you finances as he should have done, and I yet pick up one of these local newspapers you have the letter wherein Brother Ford stated would get the impression they are the most to me "Had it not been for my personal generous concern in the world. In case of acquai'ntance with you your standing in the death they give their employees fifteen hun­ Brotherhood would have been lost, but dred dollars providing they are continuously knowing you as I do I knew that there employed for five years, but you bet your must be something wrong." I know that sweet life they don't tell the public; they Brother Ford would extend the same cour­ have a Polish and Italian, and A No. 1 tesy to any other brother in whom he has American sucker flying from shop to shop confidence, that confidence being based on with tears in their eyes in case any person the brother's past record. I merely make is injured at his work. Ho boy, they are regular actors. Ho my and how sorry they this statement in order to emphasize the extra good qualities of Brother Ford and are for that poor unfortunate person, and the great service he has been to the Broth­ then their work begins. Now Jim, Bill, or erhood and to many individual brothers. Mike, how did that happen, and of course May the health of Brother Ford soon that individual person is to blame regardless be robust, may his success in the field he how it happened and they tell him just what may enter be beyond his fondest expecta­ to say to the compensation commissioner, tions. For his untiring work while in the and providing he doesn't comply with the instructions they give to that unfortunate service of the Brotherhood shows that he is well worthy of all the success and pleas­ person their time is short, and to be sure they're not'in politics the former compensation ure that can be procured in the social and commissioner complied with the compensation business world. His work will ever be a law in every way because every case he gave monument to the Brotherhood and may the a decision and it was appealed to the Appel­ remainder of his life be just as great a late Division Court, the highest court in the monument to his memory when the great State of New York. His decisions were Deity who governs us all calls him to that sustained, but of course one of their emis­ unknown beyond, whence no one ever saries was the ex-Governor of the State of returns. New York and he was told to get out, and, Kansas City, Mo. A. W. WRIGHT. of course, this bird was so honest he wouldn't pick a ship of gold if it wasn't his. He made L. U. NO. 140, SCHENECTADY, N. Y. a clean sweep of all the labor laws we had Editor: pleaded for the past forty-five years, and he At last our union does see success, more so thought we poor, ignorant workers would for­ than we have ever seen before; we have gone get he ran for Governor the second time and into the insurance business for ourselves, and what he told the public what he wouldn't do the old saying is a true saying: "One stitch if he was only elected once more he was so in time saves nine." honest and everybody would have electricity Here I am to give you my reason and I in their homes, but he didn't say how. You hope we union men will work tog~the: so ~hat can bet he was ambiguous on that score to that terrible octopus monopoly With Its eight the public and here is what he intended to do, arms can be broken one after an,other.. Let lease every available water power site in the me tell you right now you haven t a. mInute State of New York for fifty years and when to spare because that cuttlefish Will have that time expired just give our generous some arms that will be powerful and do~'t electrical corporation a fee simple deed so' doubt it for one moment. Some of us w~ll they would own it forever and, of course, hang the same as some of those peons In he was defeated for Governor. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 263

This year they cleaned out everything thing after being employed. Some of them with the exception of the Governor. Ho for nearly thirty years. Lord their Lieutenant Governor, he is so You can bet your life he didn't say a honest everything was wrong; he was in word about a former surveying engineer; office about five minutes and' he had to have hQ,w he was in a hospital s4x weeks mooy an investigation at once on account of the miles away from Schenectady, how he poor farmers, but not a word was said about thought of a way to ~n a punch press with the cattle his administration had killed off compressed air and he drew it on paper and the present Governor had to pay the and how, when he retu.rned to work, he bill, only six million dollars, that's all. Well, put his inventio.n in operation so it de­ they made the investigation and they found manded six men for each machine and it everything in apple pie order and that man saved hundred of thousands of tons of sheet that's so honest said it was only a mistake, steel, and the punch press department was that's all. And their State Chairman, he loves known from coast to coast Irs the butcher a union man. He told everybody to vote for shop because so many men had their fin­ President Coolidge if they wanted a job and gers, hands and arms cut off with this in­ two days after election he only cut his em­ vention. ployees 32 per cent and he told them they Well, do you know this great or near were lucky that 'they got off so easy. Come great walked in wit·h another official and the here and just marry one of those girls and president of the company and the inventor you will be poor the rest of your life paying stood right there and the understrapper a physician to keep them alive because they just walked ahead and he told this inventor are played out, and of course, the electrical the machine was all right and he better industry is very generous to its workers. look after his other work. Of course they The unions purchased a very valuable piece showed the pr,esident what a great machine of land years ago so they could build a it was and what great men they had work­ home. The land is paid for and they have ing on it. Plainly speaking a lot of bull. a surplus. The president of the Labor Tem­ Well, those two birds got thousands up en ple Association announced we intend to build thousands salary increase per year and the the labor temple. Well, do you know these inventor got two dollars for his trouble generous mouth-pieces, newspapers, one after and came very near getting fired in the another attacked the child and prohibition. bargain. I could tell such things for a But in case of a serious accident in the Gen­ month, but I believe that ,will convince you eral Electric or the American Locomotive why such men are proud to tell friends and Works, there is only one line pertaining to it. the public the unions are not wanted there. But if there is an accident outside you are Thank God we have a clear heart and every pestered to death with an extra under your dollar's worth we ever received from that nose every minute with big headlines company, averaging over twenty years with "Twenty killed." Ninety-nine times out of union conditions, we never took any more a hundred only one is injured. than our pay envelope. Well, do you know just three days after Now this electric corporation. There isn't it was printed there were big headlines: any concern in this wide world that has "The Generous General Electric Company them beat for patriotism. They have a intends to build a community house for former minister going among thei;:- em­ the poor workers of Schenectady" and what ployees and telling them just ,wHat patriot­ wouldn't they have! If I went into details ism means and how faithful and truthful it would require twelve months of the they should be in life. But you can bet WORKER to explain what benefits the poor your sweet life he never tells them a word workers would receive from such a beauti­ of how good and kind they were during ful mansion. the war, and how generous they were with The former manager just resigned and, motors. They sold motors to the govern­ of course, they had a grand banquet and ment ammunition plant in the State of nearly all their emissaries were there. The Connecticut, only two carloads a day; what parting words he said at this grand ban­ went in the front door, a junk dealer re­ quet were, "I am proud to state to you ceived two carloads at the back door. Of gentlemen I have eliminated every radical course the junk man had to appear before for the good of the General Electric Com­ the court about the matter. He said he had pany." I defy him to say anyone of those no money left and that was all. He was union men or their leaders ever stole one free; you haven't heard of the electrical LINEMEN'S GLOVES NO. 109 Buffed Cowhide Hand, Full Canton Flannel Back, Back of Finger all Leather, Hold Tight Back, $1.25. Known to Linemen Everywhere. SABIN COMPANY GLOVES, Youngstown, Ohio ALL SIZES 536-538 W. Federal St. CLUB PRICES 264 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL officials ever going before a court about the balance of the Brotherhood in wishing that matter, and you won't either. him a speedy and complete recovery. Now what I have said, brothers, I con­ At this time we also wish to extend best sider it's a past consideration. We are wishes and ass prance of our heartiest co­ starting in a new era. We have organized operation to Brother Bugniazet on assum­ an insurance corporation of our own and ing his new duties. there isn't any reason but that we can Local No. 143 is laying plans for the make it one of the largest and strongest coming year and ha,s started an organiza­ insurance corporations in the world. Of tion campaign along the lines suggested in course, I realize the majority of us do not Brother Bugniazet's editorial in the Feh­ own any stock in it. That is no reason rurary WORKER. Prospects for 1925 point why we shouldn't do everything in our towards all small jobs in our jurisdiction power to make it a success; and if you with crockery work predominating, so un­ are in doubt about getting paid for your less a visiting brother likes to stick tubes work, just take your insurance prospectus and bologna at a low scale he had better with you and go and talk to one of those pass us up this year. birds that's employed by subsidiary cor­ There certainly must have been a lot porations of this electrical corporation get­ of New Year resolutions made according ting 55 cen.ts an hour and working nine to the number' of letters in the last JOURNAL. and ten hours per day; providing he doesn't We trust they are not just a flash in the suit the boss he is looking for another pan but will continue throughout the year. job. Just ask one of those men to take Fraternally, out insuran.ce. He will look at you and he L. F. CLARK, will turn as white as a Ku Klux Klan Press Secretary. sheet and he will run for dear life and when he returns he will change the sub­ ject at once. He wiIl tell you he is hungry L. U. NO. 153, SOUTH BEND, IND. and he is in hopes the company will have Editor: another banquet so he can get filled up I do not know what I have done to the again. I have tried it on four of those brothers of Local 153, South Bend, that birds and everyone S'Cted in the same man­ they should choose me as their victim and ner. Now it means you will have perhaps appoint me press secretary for this year. fifteen years longer to live on this earth It was only just a week ago since this on account of conditions, not saying any­ terrible calamity fell upon me and caused thing about the extra wages you are re­ me to wail, "What'll I do," "What'll I do." ceiving in life. I always paid my dues regularly, attended Now, brothers, consider you are well paid all the meetings, didn't chew tobacco, never for your work and talk to everyone you parked my gum on a brother's chair, nor meet about insurance. You will see you walked out with a brother's umbrella on a will get results and that octopus that has wet night, or passed Christmas cigars his strong arm among us will let go. Just around, and yet they unanimously and with­ keep on working and you will see his round out mercy sentence me to one year's servi­ eyes roll out of sight. Don't get discour­ tude as press secretary. Now since the aged, because you are turned down by worst has come to the worst I only wish several. Remember the private corporation to say, "Oh, brothers, forgive them; they didn't have a bed of roses in the beginning. know not what they do," when they elected It applied for a charter in the year 1430 me. and it pleaded and pleaded until the Now hoping you brothers will have for­ year 1779, or 349 years, before it received given them, and are in sympathy with their a charter for any kind of insurance. Re­ unfortunate victim we will proceed with the member you have every argument in your proceedings. Since you have not heard favor. The manager of your company is from us before I will introduce you to one of the greatest men in the world in our menagerie elected to take office this that line and you have thousands of agents year: Louis Shann.on, president; "UncIe wor-king as Professor McCaleb, the manager Miley" Anderson, vice president; Paul of the first cooperative bank of the United Williams, recording secretary; Joe Wacks, States, said in every State in the union. financial secretary; Rdbert Daly, treasurer; The workers will have a better world to "Old maw' Purucke.r, foreman; Charlie live in. Shannon, first inspector; Ernie Templin, FROM A RADICAL OF SCHENECTADY. second inspector; O. W. Davis, trustee 3 years; Thomas Beveridge, press secretary. L. U. NO. 143, HARRISBURG, PA. After the election we sat down to a big spread of real home-cooked food which had Editor: been prepared at home by the loyal wives It is with a great deal of regret that of the members who kindly offered to bring we all read President's Noonan's announce­ up a basket of good things to eat. The ment in the February WORKER that Bro. work of cooking and preparing the food Chas. Ford has been force.d to resign his was given free. Ernie Templin, "Hob­ office due to ill health and we join with nails" Lutens, and I "slung the hash," while WORKERS AND OPERATORS 265

our brother "knob and tube artists" knows much about Bro. Love Lynch further wrapped themselves around the beans. away than 5,000 miles. The employer did At first the eats stood up well before not like Love because he had the inside, and the attack of fifty sets of diggin' tools, told them so. Today it's different and he but we knew it would not be long before doesn't care a darn; he runs his own healthy stomachs would win the fight and business and is 100 per cent union man. the last little bite would wiggle down a We'll just put a couple over on our new gullet. The cigars were passed around and scab shop first; we have taken the fore­ soon the boys were busy relating their ex­ man's best pal whom he so cleverly induced periences, in groups of four and five scat­ to return to his shop. The member was tered around the hall. given a fair trial in the usual course, fined We have another banquet arrange<\. for $100 and reinstated. The other is this fore­ February 12 to celebrate the initiation of man or as his boss remarked there would a large number of new members brought be no contractor in the city who would hire into the Brotherhood through the efforts or employ anyone of his strikers. We have of brothers who have been working during placed all the men and in the best shops spare time to strengthen the membership at that, so that's that. This contractor of our Local. In this work we take off our who was termed as Mr. Two Per Cent will hats to Bro. Fred Rupert, who has brought find himself licked before very long. I am up as many as thirteen new members to going to advertize the names of our former one meeting for initiation. All the large members who are the strike-breakers and contractors here except one employ mem­ their penalty for violation in the usual bers of Local 153. This other contractor place in this WORKER. Look out for them, is expected to toe the line and employ boys. They're what I call poison. Frank union labor at an early date, so that by Meeder, of No. 28, is trying to beat our the summer of tbis year we will be in· friend Poet Laureate. How about it, shape to make a general clean-up. Frank? Work is scarce around here right now I am expecting to hear a good line from due to slack business and not much pros­ our friend, Bachie, No. 210 and No. 211. pects of picking up fol' some time yet. We Every member seems to like his letters­ have no members out of work, however, "The Old Salt." Best wishes to the boys, though some of them do not get in full Bachie, just the same. time due to slack business. Every resident in this lowland, including Yours sincerely, myself, expected to pay a visit somewhere THOMAS BEVERIDGE, Press Secretary. L. U. NO. 163, WILKES-BARRE, PA. Editor: Well, fellows, this letter I am now writing is more or less a crossword puzzle for me to start. Anyway, we are on the map and our main broadcasting station letters are C-O-A-L and seems as though everybody in the 'country has picked us up on the old kitchen stove. So don't forget our call No craving for tobacco in any . letters. form after you begin taking Tobacco Seems as though nearly all our men are Redeemer. Don't try to quit the tobacco now employed and in the near future, if habit unaided. It's often a losing fight against heavy the weather is favorable, we may have to odds and may mean a serious shock to the nervous system. Let UI help the tobacco habit to quit YOU. send out the S. O. S. It will quit you, if you will just take Tobacco Reo I I am wondering just what the other deemer according to directions. It ia marvelously Locals are doing in regard to the new wage I quick and thoroughly reliable. agreements. Let's hear some dope, fellows. I suppose we will stand the same as per I r!~~ R~em~!!~!!oi~~!t~ing I hour-$1.12%. Ilowever, there will be a drugs of any kind. It is in no sense a subatitute I few changes made in conditions, and in for tobacco. After finishing the treatment you have absolutely no desire to uae tobacco again or helpers' scale. I do not figure on any I to continue the use of the remedy. It makes not strike by any means, as everything is jake a particle of difference how long you have been I using tobacco, how much you use or in what form so far. I may add there has been a con­ I you use it-whether you smoke cigars, ci![arettes. tractors association of which Mr. Comstock pipe. chew plug or fine cut or use snuff. Tobacco I and Mr. Ryan are the heads, organized in Redeemer will pOlitively remove all craving for tobacco in any form in a few days. This we abso- this city with a membership of possibly I lutelY. ·lfuarantee in every case or money refunded. I 40. Our Brother Ed. Miller is the chairman. Wnte today for our free booklet showing the deadly effect of tobacco 1!P'1n the human system He was everything in our Local in the way I and politive proof that Tobacco Redeemer will of officers' chairs, and is still a loyal member, quickly free you of the habit. I carrying an International Office card. Bro. Newell PharlDacal COIDPan:v. Thos. Sliney and Bro. Love Lynch are the I Dept_ 94'7 St. Louie. Mo. instigators of the move. Of course, nobody -.~---.----. 266 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

down the Susquehanna River about the 10th this is the case in most places, and as of February, as the river was over her soon as things gain a normal standing we banks, and one-half mile on each side, a will sail clear again. rise of 25.4 feet 4 inches, but fortunately Local No. 173 has just endorsed the Iowa enough we had a freeze and that checked State Electrical Workers' Legislation Asso­ the thaw and so all danger is over. Oh, ciation, which has been "blowed up" here yes, our Building Trades Council is doing for the past two or three years, and is wonderful work, even if it has only revived about to take form once more. We think after five years sleep. Well, anyway with that this will be a great help to organized that rest we should be able to catch up the labor thr,pughout the State as soon as we . five and exceed, it by five more after notic­ get going well. ing what was missed. mthing more being at hand for the pres­ Well, No.3, we are in receipt of one of ent I am, your brothers here, Brother Sandus, fore­ Fraternally yours, man of the Watson Flagg Co. He is liked J. E. CHERRY, by all the boys. We hope he calls again Press Secretary. 'With another big job like the one he is now doing. Smoot, Smoot, Let her shoot. So L. U. NOS. 210 AND 211, ATLANTIC press agents let us root. Say, somebody CITY, N. J. told me it was so cold up there that the Editor: ink froze to your pen; but somebody lied. It was with deep sorrow that we learned Now, Brothers in No. 163, some or about of the resignation of Brother Ford and the ten of the members, are in the habit of leav­ reason for the same. During the years ing their dues slip until they get ready to pay that he has served so admirably as secre­ them, although working every day. So start­ . tary and editor he endeared himself to ing immediately those fellows are to be us to such a great extent that he seemed summoned to appear before the Executive just like one of the family. It is our sin­ Board, and for the benefit of all those who cere wish that he rapidly regains his health. do not appear the Executive Board will im­ Why not come to Atlantic City and enjoy pose a fine of $5.00 and stop them from the wonderful sea breezes and sunshine work as this is our laws, and certainly must that has been ours for the past fortnight. be respected. Were it not for this Local With the exception of the snow and cold you would get about $4.00 per day. I for one wave, I mentioned last month, we have ex­ member of this Board will stand firm on perienced some delightful winter weather; this idea of payment of dues and I mean the thermometer has hovered around forty men in every shop, including the shop I above since February 2 when the little 01' work in myself. This, fellows, is my means Brer' Grunt saw his shadow. of telling you few who never attend meet­ The G. W. B. D. crowd is very large and ings. The Board consists of Parks, Fisher, the walk presents a very picturesque pano­ Mosley, Dewitt Davis, Don Glly. Do not forget that this is "Honest to God," and rama with its constantly changing array of no Bull. So don't go around talking about colors. They are now wearing them shorter in Atlantic City as well as in Hawaii. We such things as "Like hell they will." So don't get much money, but we have lots now who is going to be the first victim? of thrills and kicks. Well, fellows, I could write a lot more Having nothing else on our minds, we stuff but due to a heavy cold in my head offer for your perusal and approval our and bones I have to cut it short and take my rest a little early. Wishing everybody own conception of the International Press Secretaries Protective Association. prosperity, I am. PARKS. ARTICLE I Section 1. This organization shall be L. U. NO. 173, OTTUMWA, IOWA. known as the International Press Secre­ Editor: taries Protective Association of the United States and Canada. The lot of informing the brothers of our national union of the ups and downs Section 2. The purpose of this Associa­ of Local No. 173 has fallen to me for the tion is to promote and maintain by fair current year, and I hope to be represented means the material, intellectual and finan­ as often as there is anything worthy of cial welfare of its members, regardless of creed, sex or nationality. mention done here. Our new officers for the current year ARTICLE II have been regularly installed and all is Section 1. This Association shall be com­ running well here at present. We are, how­ posed of those scribes who have been duly ever, contemplating a move that will bring imposed upon for said office by any Local some of the fallen brothers back into the Union within the I. B. E. W. fold who have been out of work for some Section 2. The official mouthpiece shall time and under conditions forced into be the JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS AND arrears. OPERATORS. Work at present here is very slow, fol­ Section 3. The officers shall consist of lowing the holiday rush, but I think that a president, vice president, secretary and WORKERS AND OPERATORS 267

treasurer. critic. censor and master at arms. whom we shall affiliate and we hope that and a board of governors. the latter to be they will bear in mind the following per­ not less than ten in number. sonages before making the final decision: Section 4. The term of office shall be Will Rogers. Mr. Volstead. Al Jolson. Ring for two years. Lardner. Arthur Brisbane. Tom Mix and the Now that you all have got a start we petite Ann Pennington besides the A. F. would suggest that the following gunmen of L., the Gridiron Club and the I. W. W. -I mean penmen-be obligated for the first (The latter meaning "I want women.") term ending with the coming convention of As the old B. R. is about three dollars the I. B. of E. W.: President. Chas. P. Ford; shy of carfare and it's a trifle too "fris" vice president. Capelle. No. 103; secretary to resume the decks or the rods. we respect­ and treasurer. Smoot. No. 291; critic. "A. fully suggest that the first convention and W. W .... No. 53; censor. Bugniazet. I. 0.; banquet be held here in our home town. master-at-arms. Tighe. No. 675. The board All members should bring their own wives. to consist of Milne, No. 125; Maze. No. 184; edibles and liquors; we will furnish park­ "The Copyist." No. 212; Dealy. No. 303; ing space. even though it be under the Warren. No. 188; M(;Kenny. No. 567; walk or in the great wide open spacesj also Hunter. No. 30; Meeder. No. 28; Horne. No. the ocean. Big-hearted mah? 18; and King. of No. 850. It would be criminal for us to offer you We believe that we have had enough to any of the so-called good stuff right off the do with the articles and sections. and so boat as it just ain·t. Ask the parson. he suggest that the board get together and knows. But speaking seriously and per­ draw up some more laws relative to the sonal like. we have been off the stuff since admission fee. dues. fines. assessments and June 12th. having seen hellinpink elephants. strike benefits. For the love of Pete. don't Venetian red giraffes. jade green airedales. forget the salaries and royalties as they Alice blue monkeys and twin beds. All of and strike benefits are the most important. which is entirely too much for one session. (Darn this pen; 'if I don't soon get a new Was tickled skinny to count the 54 letters one; I am going to pull the job myself. for February. the largest amount in many all alone.) It should also be in the by­ a month. It was kinda tough on the new laws that any member who takes on with editor. but instead of being "swamped" he this outfit must contribute at least eight will be "sunk" when the I. P. S. P. A. gets letters a year or else lose all strike bene­ functioning properly. Come on all you fits. That allows him or her four misses journalists and frame him with another for traveling. hundred for April. (Editor's note: Come The board should likewise decide with on in. byes. the water's fine.)

Use organic Nuxated Iron to build up red blood, strength and endurance. Thert! are thouRands who are ageing and breaking down at a time of life when they should be enjoyln~ that perfect health which carries defiance to disease simply because tbey are not awake to the condition of their blood. ~·lthout organic iron your blood car­ ries no ox~·g"n. and without oxygen there is nothln~ to unite with the carbon In your food 00 what you eat do .... you no &,ood. It is like putting coal into a stove without fire. You call now obtain organic Iron HELPS like the Iron In your blood and like the Iron in spin­ ach. lentils. and apples from any druggist under the name of Nuxatpd Iron. Nuxated Iron also contains MAKE the principal chemical constituent of active, living nerve force: it is, therefore, a true blood and nerve food. It RICH, helps create and rebuild new and stronger ,red blootl cells. It feeds tbe botly the substances which nerve force must bave to give it that vital. electro­ RED magnetic power whlcb is stored in the nHve and bralll ('ell~ of mUll. Nuxated Iron often Increases BLOOD the ~treng"th and entlurance of weak, nervous. rnndown men and women In two weeks time. The manufacturer~ guarantee successful results to every purchaser or they will refund your money 'AIlED IRON ENRICHES THE BLOOD-GIVES NUX"', YOU NEW STRENGTH AND ENERGY --,

268 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

Now to remark to the Boise Kid concern­ pendicitis last December in St. Peters­ ing his lady friends, the Misses Aphrodite burg, Fla. His going was a distinct loss and Daphne. Never met up with those to his many friends and terminates a janes but will bet a couple of bucks that friendship that had existed for eighteen when the right Red-Hot Mamma comes years. He was a wonderful pal to have by along, our friend and fellow conspirator your side both in times of plenty and in will do a Brodie, from his single-foot pedes­ days when Lady Luck frowned down upon tal, the same as the rest of us have done us. ever since the world began. Buddy, you I see that Harry Solliday, another old just don't know what you are missing; who timer, who was personally known to many would have thought that a "tramp," that of us, has taken his last traveler. The became a homeguard if he made a "ringer," readers of this JOURNAL will sadly miss would ever try the double harness game, him and th.e boys of No. 2 will find it but that's what I did and after 11 'h years mighty hard to fill the vacancy his death of it I don't regret doing that little trick. has created. What wonderful battles have been staged Now Parks, of 163, I note that you sure during that time, especially when I came are some "punkins" up there among the home all stewed up with my hooks over sticks and such being the case why worry the shoulder or leading some stray dog about the Atlantic City outfit? You got a with a piece of bridle wire. Was never good "break" while with us so just remem­ choicy as to the breed, just so it was a ber this: It is better to be a large frog in dog and full of fleas. a small pond than a tadpole in a large Rim across an old photograph the other pond. day that awakened pleasant memories long In accordance with the wishes of the past forgotten, the days when I wore the Leavenworth Kid out in Taft, I might re­ "thousand-mile shirt," with the wrist bands call such old heads as Jack Manley, origin­ held together by a piece of wire and maybe ally from Texas, "Ace" Dodge and his in­ shy three more buttons. Yon don't see so comparable buddy, Stormy Ferguson, Red many of those shirts worn nowadays; is it Peters, Ginger Stone, "Lantern-Jaw" Shock­ possible that they have become passe? ley, who used to spit and sputter every Well, if so, it's all bunk because "in the time he tried to recite "He's only a line­ years gone by no self-respecting tourist man, the people say," etc. Last but not would think of hitting the road unless he least is the internationally known "One was so dressed. It has been many years, Eye" Riley, himself. That bird could smell oh, not so many, since I decorated the deck or see-I could never figure out just which of some fast baby or flashed the green -a "pie card" quicker and farther away ducat on the "Con" of a "Q. D." Never than any other tourist that ever lived. had any particular place to go and always How about it, Hildy? Do you remember had plenty of time to get there, but still the day he had you cornered at the 1001 loved to ride the fast ones. ranch on Cass Avenue in St. Louis? All of which reminds me that nowadays Of the new entry from No. 372 I have friend wife gives me the divi! if I fail to just one little question to ask, which is, tell her there is a button off; so the trials what's $1.85 among friends ?-especially in and tribulations of us married men don't a crap game? amount to a tinkersdam compared to those I am with you, No. 620, but freely admit of the modern bachelor. Just take for that Algebra and higher mathematics were instance when a button does come off, all always away over my bean. As I said be­ us married guys have to say is, "Dearie, fore I'm Dutch and that accounts for it there is a button off me shirt" and Dearie all. Now had you discoursed upon the replies, "Well, sew it on you big stiff; what question relative to the feasibility of two do you think I married you for?" Of living as cheaply as one, no doubt I could course I don't mean that such is the case have brought out the old rent books and in this household but I have seen it in sundry receipts, which would prove without. others. Then again look at the "eats"; any fear of successful contradiction that just think of those wonderful buckwheat it can't be done. Huh? cakes and sisages, the home-made pies, jel­ Have been warned by one of the dearest lies and cakes, that no boarding house or brothers that if I don't layoff of him and restaurant hands out and don't forget the some others in these columns, they are go­ lunches, no dry butterless bread with a ing to gang up and expose me and all my hunk of fat between, labeled sandwiches faults, irregularities and growls in the or a piece of stale prune pie for dessert. near future through this medium. Well, In the tother days the bones, stud or parson, old dear, hop to it and see if I draw got us single guys but nowadays the care; it's all right with me as I feel sure flivvers and flappers are doing their stuff that the censor will be on the job should with a vengeance. you'ns get too vitriolic and personal. An­ It grieves me to state that I received con­ other thing, it wouldn't be a bad idea to firmation of the death of Norman C. Davis, see myself once in a while, as others do. the "Lovable Redhead," who passed away I remember last June the 13th I looked while undergoing an operation for ap- in the mirror and saw an awfully sick- WORKERS AND OPERATORS 269 looking pup, with eyes like a couple of new members who have been with us only burnt holes in a blanket. But beware! Hell a short time. hath no fury like a press secretary scorned. As this is my first letter to the JOURNAL, Nearly forgot to ask of Brother Meade and not being accustomed to writing letters if he has endeavored to "square" anybody of this kind (love letters used to be my since the banquet and how is the other specialty), I will call it off until the next Jimmie? "Snap" arrived safely last night, time I can get up courage to write. just as chipper as ever. Fraternally yours, Does anybody know what has become of HORACE M. CREAMER, Jack Armstrong and Roy Johnson? The Press Secretary. former has been A. W. O. L. long enough ------to cover the continent or so and I guess L. U. NO. 240, MUSCATINE, IOWA the latter has accepted the invitation to Editor: visit with the scribe of San Diego. Had· This letter goes to show what a man can both of them in mind for the Board of get into by making a slight remark, and it Governors in our Association but as they happened as follows: had given up working with the tools had About six months ago I deposited my to look elsewhere. traveller with No. 240 and from then until No doubt you all are tired. Me, too, so the present time I have never seen a letter in bringing this to a close will ask the from here in the WORKER; so I simply re­ new editor to return it if it reaches the marked that a letter should be sent in and office too late to classify. Return postage everyone agreed with me, but they also guaranteed. (Can use it for April.) decided I should write it; so that explains BACRIE. how it appears with my signature. I always like to hear how the work is over the country and what is being done, and L. U. NO. 223, BROCKTON, MASS. so I'll start this letter by telling the brothers Editor: about who and what is here. Some of the boys at the meeting tonight, To begin with, we have two power outfits thought they would like to read a letter in here. One is operated by the United Light the JOURNAL from Local No. 223. So here and R. R. Company, ana the other is owned goes. and operated by the city. The municipal We are apparently starting the new year plant started around April or May 1st of right, by electing Frank Sullivan as presi­ last year and at the present time the city dent. And let me tell the world, he swings has taken over half of the business away a wicked gavel. In my estimation he is the from the old company and is getting more most efficient president this local has ever every day, which is pretty good for a had, and we have had some pretty good ones starter. in the seat of honor. We have members on both jobs, in fact He started right in the first meeting after the linemen are organized 100 per cent here, election of officers and told the local what but can't say much for the inside men as he wanted to do, and since then, from what we only have one in the local, and the rest I observed, I think he meant what he said. are so simple minded or brainless that they The attendance has increased at each meeting cannot see the benefits they would receive and business has been strictly attended to. if they would only line up. He is extremely well posted on the Constitu­ So far work has been good here with both tion, our local by-laws, and all other union o~tfits on acc~unt of the municipal plant get­ affairs, which makes a good impression on tmg the busmess and causing the utility the members. company to take their meters and services Business is rather quiet around here just out. Perhaps it will be all right to mention now, but we expect it will be better in the the names of some of the brothers here as spring when warm weather gets here. Last we have some on the city job who are well year we had a big strike in the shoe factories versed in the art of touring and this may by the shoe workers, and, as a result, busi­ come before some of their old friends. ness has been quiet since last summer, but the shoe business is picking up now so we have hopes of better times ourselves. We are suffering from a few non-union carpet-baggers, and from one large non­ union shop, which mar the peace and harmony Ever Olrered of the union, but we have devised a plan which we expect will rid us of some of these 6-Shot Finest Perfected Revolver pests. Sells elsewhere at $12.00. Quick as a The local plans to have a banquet and flash. safe. great penetrating pow{'Ir and true marksmanship. Blue sWt.>l or nicke]~l entertainment Wednesday, February 11, 38, 32 or 22 caliber all SRms prke. Satis: which should bring the brothers out to have faction or money baek. HE~D NO MOXEY. Pay posunan un arrival $6.45 plus postagE'. If )'OU a good time and to promote good fellowship send money with order \YE PAY ALL PORTAGE. and understanding between them; it will also FEDERAL MAIL ORDER CORP serve to get us acquainted with some of the 414 Broadway. Dept. 590. ·New York 270 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

To bet;in with there is Chas. G. Erdman, mary. Do we feel satisfied with what Wl' formerly of Colorado, who is very ably read, or is there a feeling of dissatisfaction. directing the performances of the boys while Can we turn to the New Year with a deter­ on the job, and then there is "Dad" McGill, mination to better a good record of the old, from everywhere, but I think he originally or must we pass from the old to the new started from Chicago; and then we have with nothing but a resolve to do in the Willis Rynearson, affectionately known as future something we had neglected to do "George", but I don't know where he is in the past? from; then there is "Happy" Koll formerly For us the New Year is now well on from "Mother Bell" some place, and "Kid" its way. What the future has in store, Arthur Bancroft, of Wyoming; and also Max none can prophesy. Always do we look for­ "John Joseph" Oldenberg formerly of Can­ ward with hope, a hope which augurs no ada, who is also our worthy president; but good for us unless it is a hope that we I won't go any further with the roll call as can find ourselves able to do the work in it takes too long. How are all the boys in our chosen field of labor, and that we may L. U. No. 635, 485 and 154? Best regards so fit ourselves that we may the better to all of you and let's hear from you regu­ carry out our aims and aspirations, and larly, for as I remember in some of the surely we all must have them, or we would meetings there were several brothers who sooner or later plod along a rut, a rut were quite able to deliver a lengthy oration; which gets deeper and deeper as time goes so it is likely some of them are capable of on, until at last there is no turning back, putting a letter in the WORKER; so let us· and we are lost in the multitude of those all know what is doing around there. who passed before us. Now you brothers in Los Angeles and What does the New Year hold in store Hollywood, keep your eyes open for two vis­ for our Local and sister Locals? Are they iting brothers who are headed your way and going to be bigger and better; healthier may be there now. They are Robert Smith and stronger; able to cope with the prob­ and his buddy, Fritz, and when you 'meet lems that will confront us every day? Will them, give them our regards and be sure to we be able to match strength with strength give them the glad hand because they are or will we be comparable to the lady who class "Au union men and outside of that they was ill? Her husband was approached by know their stuff and are both square shooters. a friend who had heard of her illness. "I Also some one in Los Angeles or Holly­ hear your wife is sick," said the friend. wood please look up F. J. Feichter, who was "Is she dangerous?" "No," replied her hus­ working at the Universal Film Co. last I band, "she is too weak to be dangerous." heard of him and tell him to answer the last Now by dangerous, I imply no meaning of the dozen or so letters I wrote him. Well l?y which it might be inferred that I intend brothers, guess I'll bring this to a close so to sponsor any movement which would that when you write be sure to tell us all mould us into a body of bomb-throwing, about the work in your parts, as the way law-breaking maniacs or communistic radi­ it looks here, it may be quite painful for some of us in the very near future. How cals, but I do mean that we should be dan­ are the new projects coming in California gerous enough with a knowledge of strength and how are things breaking with the boys in numbers and intelligence; a body of in Portland? Let's hear from all of you workers, who by these same forces, can with lots of news. stand squarely on both feet, and, by con­ Yours for a bigger and better union. vincing and we11-founded facts, be able to J. F. B. debate at the conference table with the best of them. It is a well-known fact that to many of L. U. NO. 259, SALEM, MASS. us when we are preparing to debate on Editor: some question, or are making ready to Another month is about ready to be filed meet opposition, our minds beforehand are in the archives of the past. Truly they dealing with all matters of speeches, argu­ pass quickly by. ments, facts supposedly, and retorts, but What have been the accomplishments, if what is the result when the crucial moment any, during this short period of time? If, arrives: Our tongues cling to the roofs of on looking back in our mind, we can dis­ our mouths, our voices have no outlet; our cover none; then has that month been a ideas, facts, arguments, speeches, etc., de­ failure. Turn the empty page over, a bit sert us, and we are nothing but a mass of soiled perhaps, and with a fresh, new page, clay, listening to all, but able to say noth­ prepare for the coming month. ing, a victim of our own weakness-lack How fast, it seems, the pages of the of foundation. month are turned away, until, before we Some day unionism is to face a test, a realize, the last chapter of the year is be­ test which will call forth all the resources fore us, a chapter in which is a summing of union labor. It is going to make or up of all the chapters preceding. break. It is up to the union membership to The New Year is the next. We start to show what that result might be. Just so thumb the finale of the old year. Some­ long as unionism plods along laggardly, thing causes us to pause and scan the sum- hoping everything will turn out all right WORKERS AND OPERATORS 271 in the end, seeing no farther ahead than Casey stepped to one side. The locomotive the day which is not ended, and always roared by. Casey turned to speak to Mur­ looking forward to the time when union phy but no Murphy was to be seen. Pres­ labor will rule the roost, just so does it ently he found an -arm, then he saw a hat, mean the latter, but, when unionism recog­ at another place he picked up an ear, and nizes that without investments there can here and there he found one part and an­ be no profits, then will it be the former. other. At last he exclaimed aloud: "Some­ What can we invest? thing must have happened to Murphy." Well, usually when investments are men­ Think it over. tioned, it is thought of only as something PRESS SECRETARY. having to do with money, money-or its equivalent-given by which money is to be L. U. NO. 271, WICHITA, KANS. gained. Surely there must be something worth investing besides money always. A Editor: little bit of our time, a bit of our thO\Ught., Oh, yes, L. U. No. 271 is still here and a good word here and there, physical and will continue to be here. It is true that we moral resources, things too numerous to have not made any howls to the JOURNAL mention if only we would take time to for some time, but don't you know we are think them out. busy out here? You know that visitors' who The profits? They would come back call only sometimes are usually more wel­ manifold. There would be fewer who would come than those who make frequent calls. be interested in their own precious selves We are making our "occasional" call. and more willing to help a brother, hence, Work is not very plentiful here. If you brother, as exemplified by unionism, would are looking for a job this is not the place, have a far more significant meaning than but if you want a real good hearty hand­ it now has, which usually is used more shake then come on; all worthy brothers are in a matter of jest than of sincerity. The always welcome to our beautiful little city good will of the general public can not be on the Kansas plains_ If our treatment overlooked as an inevitable result. Neither does not suit you it will not be our fault, can we discount the result which would for we will try to show real Kansas hos­ be far-reaching in its effect on trade union­ pitality, which is considered equal to any, ism the world over, a result which will be but second to none. There are only a few affected only by forgetting our own micro­ of us, but "we're around here." bic selves and give your thoughts to some­ We read with pleasure the reports of the thing more important. different Locltl Unions. We rejoice with In a former article I mentioned a few those who are prosperous and sympathize things about the workers in an organiza­ with those who are not so fortunate. We tion and the larger majority who were like to read of the local happenings in the content to let them work. It cannot always different Local Unions, but we feel that we be so. Suppose the workers should sud­ get more benefit from letters which not only denly step out, then what would happen? give the local happenings but branch out on Listen: Murphy and Casey were walking other matters, giving opinions of matters down a railroad track; suddenly a locomo­ of importance, etc. You know that an ex­ tive whistle sounded shrill behind them. change of ideas on any subject is always

+I_U_•• _I._.I-.____ •• _I._O__ O_O_ I.-I._.__ •• - •• - •• - •• - •• -.____ .I_··_··_-t I - BLAKE BLAKE_ ICOMPRESSED CLEATS I~~£!ATED ".~!~~ I

I ~~ J:;:-;'-;:'" "...... ~.:I: CLEATS PUT UP lOll IN A PACKAGE '" , , , For Twisted Pair and Single Wires i For all Interior Low Voltage Wiring No. I for Hard Wood No.3 for Ceneral Use i where Blake Insulated Staples can­ For Twisted 3-Wire and Estra Heavy Pair Wire .1· not be driven. No.5 for Hard Wood No.6 for Ceneral Use 1 BLAKE SIGNAL & MFG. CO. BOSTON, MASS. I I• •._..-ItI- .. -n-.. --.-.. - .. -I.-.. -.--.. --.--.-.. -1a-tl1-..-a.-..--.------.--.-.1 __ -." 272 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

educating. Say what you think, but don't able to write real good editorials like Brother expect everyone to agree with you. Just re­ Ford. member this, that sometimes bright ideas At our last regular meeting, I was de­ spring from dull minds. lighted to see Bro.. Tohn McGeachie again. We are going to touch lightly on our pet He is always there in the spirit. But by the subjects. The home for the aged electrical month's extra on last Wednesdays he was workers is something that should have the permitted to come. Brother McGeachie and most deliberate consideration of everyone. Bro. F. Allan are the operators in the pri­ The time will come some time, possibly, when vate company's sub-stations here and as I we can no longer "hit the ball" and that have said before are the backbone of No. 303. time might find us unable to care for our­ I regret to say that the publicly owned sub­ selves the few remaining days we have here, station (hydro-electric) are not with us; nor and of course, we all want to stay here as are any of their employees; not very credit­ long as we can, for we know what it is here, able is it? but only a supposition of the future. Our brothers who toil for the street rail­ We hope that all delegates to the coming way are having what I call a hell of a time convention will go to that assembly fully bucked from within and without, and inside realizing what such a proposition means to out. Brothers Ingles and Noble will be old many good brothers, many of whom would men with gray hairs and a stoop if they be pretty well fixed financially if it had not keep on worrying with that outfit. But the been for their free hand in helping their worst part of it all and the part that galls me fellowmen. Talk it, think it, and when you is the block enemy from another union, the reach the convention, act it. Street Railway Employees Local of St. Cath­ Another matter which is of great import­ arines. Brother Ingles sent us the whole ance to all, is the plan the International correspondence and I wish my pen wouldn't Officials have arranged for everyone to pro­ run so hot or I would give you some of the vide for his or her dependents, should they details. But one passage will do for now, be called away for that long sleep. Much "That they don't want anybody else on this thought was given to the matter before the property but themselves and they can legis­ International decided to launch the plan; tate for all the employees." As Brother now it has been placed at your door and Ingles very ably points out they didn't leg­ still you refuse to both help yourself or the istate very well for the operators or the International by making an application for linemen, groundmen, and electricians. I said a life policy. We believe that should the in these columns some time ago that the final call come the majority of us would not linemen had a damnable low rate of 55c be ready to respond; we would not have per hour. I am told that its worse being those loved ones provided for and could only 50c, while the laborers in this district leave them nothing but hard work and pos­ receive 40c. This is a bad state they sible hardships. We will use the words of are in, and it is so hard to get these men to the revivalist and say, now is the appointed organize. they will join anything but the time, we know not what tomorrow will bring; union. Of course, the union is expected to many of us may not be here even tomorrow; do all the fighting and planning to get bet­ do not wait, but act now while it is yet ter conditions and higher pay, and Local time. officers can stand all the black looks and With all good wishes to the brotherhood names, to say nothing of being boycotted. from the membership of L. U. No. 271. And the low rate is worked for with thank­ PUBLICITY SECRETARY, fulness and praise. What a world my mas­ (By Request.) ters! One of the songs tonight in W. T. A. F. was Baa Baa Blues; that's what we L. U. NO. 303, ST. CATHARINES, have here with other adjectives added. ONT. For some of us the following which has Editor: just come to my eye will be cheery: "It is It is surprising how the end of the month not so with the missionaries and pioneers. comes around. Just been listening to 'v. To them apparent disaster means not des­ T. A. F., Chicago, and, of course, at 12 p. m. pair but new effort. The old and tired Eastern time. Couldn't leave the good pro­ ones may turn wearily and hopelessly away, gram and had to write this letter. Of the but the young they know are theirs. Is it six offices I hold in 303 the one of Press conceivable that such a movement can be Secretary is the one I want to hang on to. defeated by greed or fear or threats? We It puts me in touch with the rest of the know it cannot.· If history and the universe membership and 303 has again been the only ~lean anything they mean that falsehood Canadian Local to write a note. WoUld say cannot endure and cannot prevail." Such to those brothers who want to write from sentences with many others are bound t& their respective Locals that you are missing cheer one up. It is getting over the hard the best of union pleasure. There is a feel­ bumps that shakes us up. But if we take ing of having performed a service about the Union Road all together the bumps are writing every month and you feel when you fewer and not so high. get started that there is a whole lot more Would like to say before concluding that to say. And by patience you'll some day be Bro. Lee Halkey, of 303, has been elected WORKERS AND OPERATORS 273 . president of the Trades and Labor Council. there's one member who, I have been in­ We have no inside men in 303 outside my­ formed, refused to show his card when asked self and I'm not inside anymore (some to do so on a certain job; easy, brother, those mixture of words these) but what I want cards are nothing to be ashamed of; other to say is that none of the boys locally, who workmen have a perfect right to ask to see wire buildings are with us, and yet all the them and to have the request granted and building trades are working with them and you ought to be glad of the chance to show this has been going on for a long time. I that you carry one. And that reminds me, was told by a local officer in one of the while I may be wrong (I have been known building trades locals that if he could get to be), it seems to me that there is altogether the work done at a shop that wasn't or­ too much backwardness among members of ganized cheaper why should he go to the organized labor in general. Take union one that was. So he will be at liberty to labels for instance; there is something we go to any of them, for none are organized ought to stick to like a "mustard plaster" except the bosses and they belong to the when we call for something with the label Chamber of Commerce. Some of the men on (and everything we use should bear it). were asked to join that outfit once. As I We should get that or nothing. A great said above, anything so long as they don't many of us go into a store to purchase an join the union. article with the firm intention of getting the The midnight oil or voltage is running label, but the storekeeper doesn't happen to low. I could write some more but cannot have that article with the label, but has get it together good enough for these something pretty nice without it. We are columns, for at times these budding scribes, likely to hesitate a' moment or two, and fin­ like myself, are liable to make a mess of it. ally decide we won't embarrass the store­ Bobby Burns told one of the leading Scotch keeper this time and buy the article. That's newspapers at that time when they criticized something we shouldn't do. If you can't him, "That a man must serve his time to get the label, don't buy. When a store­ every trade. But critics they are already keeper loses a few sales he will look up a made." firm that handles label goods and do some With best wishes to all the membership. of his buying from them. The only way to Fra ternally, put a crimp in the sails of non-union labor THos. W. DEALY, F. S. is to stop the cash register of the employer from ringing. When the employer's cash L. U. NO. 322, CASPER, WYO. register stops ringing the employee is out of a job. Editor: The Wyoming Weekly Labor Journal has Last month I gave you an introduction to an article this week which (with their per­ a few of the boys here and promised to con­ mission) I am going to give you an extract tinue introducing them a few at a time. from: Well here are a few more. It is funny how things work out in this "The Union Label Means"­ old world. Now there is Brother Kanzler "Good Working Conditions, for instance, who ought to have been a sales­ Skilled Craftmanship, man instead of a wire twister. Brother A Certificate of Sanitation, Kanzler is convincing, yes, sir. He would Living Wages, actually make one hock his overcoat in the Reasonable Hours, dead of winter in order to buy what he had Free Labor, to sell were he a salesman, and yet he sticks to the old wire twisting game. On the other hand, t~re is Brother Endburg, who has decided ~ take up the salesman's game for DON'T SUFFER LONGER FROM a time. Now, Brother Endburg is a nice, The Brook. Appliance. Most quiet fellow. If you didn't see him you wonderful discovery ever made for rupture sufferers.' No ob .. wouldn't know he was around. And, well, noxious springs or pads. Auto­ I wouldn't say that he wouldn't make a good maUc AIr Cushions. Binds and salesman because people may listen when asdraWl you the would broken a partsbroken tOgetherr~~ql!!I!!!!~~ 11mb. No salves, No plasters. No he does speak, but it only goes to show that 11es. Durable, cheap. Many it is almost impossible to decide what a man imitators. None equal. Sent is suited for by studying his outward aspects. on trial Catalogue free. Then there is Brother Blevins, who is do­ THE BROOKS CO., lI6A STATE ST., MARSHALL. MICH. ing time at the Sun Electric, getting up with the sun, you might say. Brother McKeegan has just returned from a broadcasting trip over the central and southwestern portion of our country. I say broadcasting because Brother McKeegan surely did broadcast the Large factory distributor wants your merits and advisability of staying at home spare or full time selling our men's when he returned, and after all that, Brother welt shoes direct to wearer. No Barr sold his trap gun to get money to E::;e::~ :=:~ Easy to sen. COLT SHOE CO. finance his Ford for a similar trip. Then 741 Atlantic AYe. Boston. M .... 274 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

Collective Bargaining, from me, 119 degrees in the shade and no Self Ownership, shade is some hot. Independence, All our present members are employed The right to Unite, as far as I am able to learn. They almost Fair Dealing, all practice combination inside and outside Sceptre of Peace, work. Unity, Harmony, Progress, Since all the contractors do oil rig wir­ A Voice in Industry." ing and most leases have some private lines the above condition is quite necessary. Which covers a multitude of things, but The local members of twenty-four it is my personal belief and knowledge that months' standing were 'so limited that all it comes nowhere near covering the meaning old officers were reelected and the Local of the union label, and if our brother workers is to be congratulated to have such willing will just take time to study out for them­ members. They' are: Bro. Fred Formway, selves the true meaning of the union label president; Bro. Paul Gossage, vice presi­ there will be fewer purchases of non-union dent; first inspector, foreman, trustee, etc.; goods and a greater demand for organized Bro. Sherman Shaler, financial secretary; workers, which is what we are (or should Bro. Joe Kettleboke, secretary and treas­ be) striving for daily. urer. Bro. H. E. Somerville' was appointed Another thing I wish to mention in this business agent. We have here one scab article is the coming Eighteenth Convention shop, I am sorry to relate. The Local called of the I. B. E. W. at Seattle, Wash., Sep­ Bro. T. C. Vickers here on the subject and tember 21, this year. That is something we then decided they did not want the shop ought to keep in mind and boost along as organized. much as possible in order to assure its ut­ I am very sorry this shop is not organ­ most success. I believe in electrical workers ized, but I am for the majority rule whether leading. We have the brains among us; let's I like it or not. use them in the right manner and in the This Local will endeavor to send a dele­ right place. Let's make this one of the gate to the Seattle convention. Yours truly greatest gatherings that has been held. Let had hoped to represent L. U. 651, but eco­ us put the I. B. E. W. on the map and in nomic conditions sometimes alter plans. print. Any suggestions that you may have Bro. Frank Strahl is now with us. Bro. to offer will surely be appreciated by the Gene Briody took a card here; others have committee who are striving with all their deposited their cards here; and now and might to make the convention one of the then a new application comes in. most entertaining as well as the most profit­ We always welcome any member with a able one ever held. traveling card, and give him all available Congratulations, Local No. 125, on your iniormation about places where he may progress with the Northwestern Electric find work. Company. Keep digging in and it won't be long until you are entrenched. We of No. It surely hurts me to see so many old­ 322 admire your determination. The burn­ time linemen without cards. I am much ing up of that bank of transformers at Van­ grieved to read of Bro. Howard Springer's couver, Wash., by inexperienced men ought death. I worked two and a half years with to open anti-union eyes somewhat. that brother and always considered him a loyal union man. L. U. No. 372, accept my If we have the push and pull sympathies. Yours is the loss. And Loyalty that's full AL GIESKIENG, Among our members, then I'm satisfied Press Secretary. That stubborn wills we'll surely bend, And we'll win out in the end, L. U. NO. 347, DES MOINES, IOWA And will teach them that grit has never Editor: died. We cannot express in words our sorrow Fraternally yours, for the loss of our brother, Jack Munsborg. J. D. MOORE, But, although his physical being is gone, his Press Secretary. acts of loyalty, cheerfulness, and good fel­ lowship remain as priceless treasures, and L. U. NO. 343, TAFT, CALIF. these will always remain with all those he came in contact with. Editor: We shall endeavor to answer the questions in A few words for the membership from the Transmitter in regard to the "Electrical the land of sunshine and oil wells. Inspection Department," as soon as possible. I have made the same mistake as our I confess that there are some questions that brother of Local Union No. 875, who, as I cannot answer at this time, but shall get related in the January WORKER, made the the facts necessary to a complete answer. motion that we have a press secretary. Evidence of the good things in the This is the poor result. Ours is a small WORKER is to be had around here every day, local of about 20 members. We have a for quite frequently a brother will ask you meeting every first and third Wednesday, if you have read the WORKER, and if so did rain or shine, hot or cold; and take it you remember such and such an article, and WORKERS AND OPERATORS 275 altogether there is an added, healthy inter­ any of the brothers who see this happen est in the WORKER in this Local that hali/ to run across him, please get the right never been so much in evidence before. dope and let us hear from you. During the week of February 16 to 21, Mother Bell has her new office building Des Moines had a constructive campaign and automatic exchange about completed. called "Religious Emphasis Week." This The old lady was granted permission by has been a revelation to a good many of us, the City Council last week to place con­ for in the past we have looked at the church duits in Ottawa Street from Capitol Avenue with a sort of tolerance, as much as to say to Verlinden Avenue and west to the city "Well, your scripture is fine, but why don't limits. The conduits will be made part of you apply it in a practical way, and why the consolidation of the two systems here. do you, seemingly keep open house to hypoc­ Beginning with the payment of January risy and big business, and ignore the poorly electric light bills in the middle of Febru­ clad laboring man?" ary the City Electric Light and Water Com­ This last week has renewed my faith in mission will adopt the continuous billing our churches, for it is evident that they are plan and establish 15 sub stations for col­ having the same difficulty in expounding the lections. truth, that othe~ organizations of truth The continuous billing system will be and honesty are having. practically the same as the one used by As evidence of an interest in our welfare, the Lansing Fuel and Gas Company and I submit the following taken from the Des discount term will expire 10 days after the Moines Register: bill is rendered. "Pastor Hits Open Shop." The sub collecting stations will be estab­ lished in drug stores, arrangements being Declares Industry is Not Christian. made with drug store owners. The collec­ Dr. A .. Ray Petty, pastor of Judson tion charge will be handled on the per­ Memorial Baptist Church, 'of New York centage basis. Sub stations will be estab­ City, and one of the speakers in Religious lished at East Lansing and Millett. Emphasis Week here, attacked the movement HeretofoOre all collections for electric for the return to the open shop in his final light and water were made at the commis­ message to Des Moines. sion's office in City Hall and the number Cooperation is practiced by the employers of patrons became so numerous it was hard of labor, and the workers should be allowed to handle collections at one station. the opportunity of banding themselves to­ gether. Dr. Sherwood Eddy gave a short talk to labor at the Street Railway Carmen's Audi­ Old Money Wanted torium in which he admonished Organized Do you know that Coin Collectors pay up to Labor to stick closer together. $100.00 for certain L. S. Cents '! And high It seems to me that Organized Labor is premiums for all rare coins? We buy all practical Christianity, and if more of us kinds. Send 4c for large Coin Circular. May would look at it in that light, instead of in mean much profit to you. a pecuniary way, or in many other ways virtually sapping the life blood from it, we NUMISMATIC BANK, Dept. 461 Ft. Worth, Tex. would progress faster and stand on a firmer basis. PRESS SECRETARY, Local No. 347. Rheumatism A Remarkable Home Treatment L. U. NO. 352, LANSING, MICH. Given by One Who Had It Editor: In the year of 1893 I was attacked by :Muscular and Sub-Acute Rheumatism. I Buffered as (,nly A few words from this district may be those who are thus afflicted ,know for over three years. I tried remedy after remedy. but such re­ of interest to some. So here goes. ,lief as I obtained was only temporary. Finally, I First of all it is pretty quiet around here found a. troo.trnont that cured me completely and such a pitiful condition has never returned. I at present. have given it to a number who were te-rribly The City Light laid off 10 men in the afllicted. even bedridden, some of them sevpntN to eighty years old. and the reosults wore the same line department February 21. Some good as in my own case. members were sent adrift, and we sincerely I want every sufferer from any form of museu­ IIll' and sub·acute (swelling at the joints) hope they land where they can continue to rheumatism. to try the grt'at value of my im­ proved "Home TreatJlllPllt" for its remarkable work for the cause, as they did here. healing powe-r. Don't send a cent; simply man Saturday night, the 24th, one of the boys your name and addreRs, and I will send it free to try. After you have USM it. and it has pro\"en was making farewell visits among his itselt to be that long· looked for means of getting friends, and there seems to have been con­ rid of such fonus of rheumatism, you may send the price of it. One Dollar. but understand I do siderable dispute as to how he was dressed not want your money unless you are perfectly when he left Brother Hughes' place. Some satisfied lD smd it. I!IIl't that fair? Why suf· fer any longer, when relief is thus offered you say he had a light fall, others a heavy fall free. Don't dell\;)'. Write today. suit on. Now, brothers, this question has Mark H. Jackson. 310K Dumon Bldg.. Syracuse. N. Y. been left to Brother Speck, who took a l\Ir.• Ta('kson is responsible. AboVe statt"tnent true. traveler out of No. 352, to decide. So if 276 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

Final tests were made this week on the No.8. Protection to linemen and elec­ super heating boilers in the Moore's Park tricians by proper wire spacing and an ex­ plant of the city electric light and power amination to determine their electrical system. The test met the guarantee. This knowledge and qualification to do such work was the last equipment to be tested in this was adopted. plant. It is accepted and paid for. No. 21. Investigation of water power con­ No. 352 received 22 applications last meet­ ditions and creating a commission to enter ing and 17 were up for initiations. the light and power business on plans simi­ I guess that is going some for a one­ lar to the Ontario Hydro Electric Power horse town. Company was adopted. The Michigan State Federation of Labor No. 27. Opposing lease of Muscle Shoals Convention meets here March 2. We ex­ to private power compan'ies was adopted. pect a large delegation out, as there are No. 352 broke her record last meeting several laws before the Legislators that night for some time and initiated nineteen organized labor is very much interested in. new members. Next meeting is to be a Bro. Geo. H. Allen, of No. 352, was the blowout for all members and their families. only delegate to the A. F. of L. Convention What wiIl happen then and after is hard at EI Paso, from this district; he repre­ to forecast, but it looks good from a dis­ sented Lansing's Central Labor Council. tance. George also went over the line into Mexico FraternaIly yours, for; for; for-Oh, caIl it some reason. He BROOKS, reported that the eighteenth amendment Press Secretary. has never been thought of in that country and I'm sure George knows. Well, I'm supposed to take a bird's eye L. U. NO. 379, CHARLOTTE, N. C. view of the convention here next week for Editor: this Local. If I see unything unusual and Having been knocked flat with the flu startling, I'll try and make a note of it for about seven days and still a bit shaky, for the WORKER. Brother Allen will rep­ I cannot say if this letter will amount to resent the central body at the convention much or not, but nevertheless I have just here next week, being duly appointed as finished reading the February WORKER one of the delegates at last meeting. and note with disgust how carelessly our brother scribes peruse the contents of the I hope this reaches you in time. I wrote letters printed. The letter I especially have a letter last month but did not mail it in reference to is one written by a comedian time to get in, so it went as lost energy. who signs off E. C., L. U. No. 743, Reading WeIl, this letter will be short as the Pa. If this brother will refer back to my scribe is on the sick list with lumbago and letter in the December WORKER he will that visitor is hard to get along with. plainly see where it said, "We lack about The Michigan State Federation of Labor 90 per cent of being organized" and not 90 meets in convention in Lansing from Feb­ per ce~t organized. Now, Bro. E. C., the ruary 2 to 6. We had some trouble to find other paragraph of your comedy could be rooms for some that came late as there true and I am sure it was original stuff, were six other conventions here that week. about 20 years ago. About half the people you met on the What Brother Hinson, of L. U. No. 429, street had a badge of some kind on. says about having your books audited is The convention went very smoothly and right, as we just had our treasury cracked, if half of the resolutions are enacted and not by the financial secretary,' but by the come to pass, what a grand old world this treasurer. Just imagine, feIlows, what will be, especially that on old age pensions. ought to be done with a weakling that will I'm just about ready to cash in on that. be tempted like that after you have placed The I. B. E. W. had a small delegation confidence in him and given him the honor at the convention, only six members as of protecting your funds. It is not the foIlows: J. Basso, James Doughty, H. E. money, as we can get this back with ease, Watson, No. 58, Detroit; G. L. Brooks, Geo. but it is the thought of your fellow man H. Allen, No. 352, Lansing; Vern Moyer, being such a low, contemptible thief, and No. 275, Muskegon. we are really sorry for a man that will "But they and the electrical trade were throw his friends down for a few paltry right under the spotlight most of the time. dollars. Bro. Geo. H. AIlen got under so far that There are some real letters in the Febru­ he was unanimously elected second vice ary JOURNAL and it looks as if it is increas­ president without any opposition. But ing in volume every month. George had it coming for the good he has Things are dragging along here as usual, done in the past, saying nothing of what everyone claiming that things will pick he can and will do in the future. up towards spring, and here is hoping it Secretary John Scannell's report touched does. Most of the shops here are still on super electrical power to considerable doing their work with 50 cent wiremen, length. and these birds seem well satisfied to draw Resolution No.1: The possibilities of their little $18 or $20 every Saturday and hydro electric and superpower was adopted. to go home and toss it in the wife's lap WORKERS AND OPERATORS 277 with a proud grin, as if to say, "Look what While I am speaking of the good brothers, I did. Now we can eat again." It's pitiful, I would like everyone to know that our meet­ but missionary work has never found its ings are so interesting lately that Bro. Ed. way into the electric shops and I am afraid Shepherd has attended two meetings in suc­ we will have to wait for a new generation cession, and as he is the "groom" for the before this condition can be exterminated. "goat," he will have to be here every eve­ There is one satisfaction and it is this: ning the congregation gathers. Ed is a\1 All of our members are making 75 cents right, but we had to get up a degree team, per hour or better and it is a cinch we and give the new candidates the first, second, can live as long on this as the other fellow and third degrees, all in one evening before can on 50 cents. So you can understand he would get interested. there is no danger of us not holding our Tracy Sheets, the fattest and most homely own. We know who is making the money man I ever looked at, I beg your pardon in the electric game as anyone, but some Brother Sheets; you see I never see him in of the thick heads can not see this. You the congregation when we rise to the order ought to hear the contractor laugh when he of the wooden hammer, and r had forgotten gets a plus-cost job. Out will go two of his he was a brother. So come up, Tracy, and 50 cent journeymen wire twisters on the see some of the new ones. I make you a job and for every hour these men work solemn promise we will not take up a collec­ the boss gets $1.50 each. The saphead gets tion if you do come to the meeting once in the 50 cents and the boss gets the $1. a while. Will cut this short as this is meeting Say, Brothers, our gang is getting so big night and the hour is near at hand. That's that, under "New Business" last meeting we all. discussed "pro" and "con" which would be W. H. FOWLER, most advisable, to get a bigger hall or hold Recording Secretary. two meetings per week, as some of the old ones claim it would be against the constitu­ L. U. NO. 443, MONTGOMERY, ALA. tion to hold more than one meeting per Editor: week. It was agreed to by all that we would rent the Orange Show Building after the It is with sincere sorrow that the members orange show providing the building was of Local No. 443 read in the WORKER ~ that Bro. Chas. P. Ford, the old standby, had to resign on acount of ill health. All mem­ bers of 443 join me in wishing a speedy ' -DON'T BE CUT return to his former good health; all know Until You Try This that Brother Ford has been a faithful and I LE S hard worker; a man that was never too Wonderful Treatment busy to answer any questions and always P••••••• My internal method of ready to help at any time. treatment is the correct one, and is sanctioned Montgomery looks as if there would be by the best informed physicians and surgeons. plenty of inside work here this summer; Ointments, salves ami other local applications there is plenty on paper. The line work give only temporary relief. has slackened off some but the A. P. Co. has If you have plies In any form write for a FREE a lot on paper to start soon. .ample of Page' a Pile Tablet. and you will blesa the day that you read thi.. Write teday. The Local elected a new press secretary, and I hope that he will act so the members E. R. Page 307-D Page Bldg~ Marshall, Mich. will be able to get a better letter from No. 443, as I have only been filling in. With best wishes to the officers and mem­ bers of the Brotherhood. Kills Catarrh Germ Fraternally, E. A. WOODWORTH, Secretary. In Three Minutes Chronic catarrh, no matter how bad. and cases of bronchial asthma now yield instantly L. U. NO. 477, SAN BERNARDINO, to the amazing discovery of a French scientist. CALIF. This drugless method called Lavex kills the Editor: germ in three minutes, yet is positively harm­ less to the most delicate tissues. Your head As my first letter was passed by the censor, and lungs are cleared like magic. Sufferers I will see if I am still lucky, and try to get are relieved in a single night. To prove it and to introduce Lavex to a another one by the "no-good" basket. Broth­ million sulIerers in one month, I offer to send ers, the Gate City Local No. 477, is going a treatment free and postpaid, to anyone who up the ladder. Since my last letter to the will write for it. No obligation. No cost. WORKER, we took in one narrow-back and a If it cures you, you can repay the favor by telling your friends-if not. the loss is mine. Swede that gets by as a lineman. Say, fel­ No matter what you have tried, just send me lows, he is good. He calls a book a "pook" your name and address for this generous free and when he calls the vire chief he always treatment and prove that you can be rid of asks for a "Wokensey." The h-- of it is catarrh. I have to work with him. But he keeps me W. R. SMITH, 338 Lavex Bldg., in "snoose" and we get along ,pretty well. Kansas City, Mo. 278 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL given a good whitewashing and fumigated to L. U. NO. 488, BRIDGEPORT, CONN. clear up some of the "big stink" the orange Editor: show management and the Chamber of Com­ merce have stirred up over hiring the maca­ Having recently been elected press secre­ roni eaters from Santa Monica to toot their tary I am forwarding a few lines in behalf horns for the entertainment of the guests of of Local No. 488. It has been some time the show. This dago band is owned body since this Local has had any news in the and soul by the Chamber of Commerce of WORKER, so I am sending you the best Santa Monica. They have arms and legs like we have to offer. humans, but that is all. Brothers, you can In regard to work here, we have been see I love a wop. Enough said. very fortunate, considering the fact that building operations were very slow during Everything is still looking good for No. the winter months, yet Local No. 488 had 477. The big truck came up from Long only a few men out of work compared to Beach to pull in the underground for the other crafts in the city. Nevertheless we phones, and wjll be here some time. With are looking for a busy summer season for the truck as foreman, we have Brother all crafts, as there will be a few fair-sized Brown, and as Linemen Brothers Wagnon jobs which no doubt will keep all the boys and McKee. I think the visiting brothers busy until snow flies again. will be here several months, as there is some Local No. 488 has just completed election work to be done cutting over to the auto­ of officers. We made a few changes, which matics. we regretted to do. Owing to the fact that Brothers, to you and all that are interested our able financial secretary, Bro. Chas. in the good of the union, it is my painful Kelly, desired to sit on the side lines to duty to inform you in the United States and enjoy a much needed rest, we returned the Canada that we have a bunch of rats; old war horse, Bro. Al Walkley, who held dirty, yellow-bellied rats in our town. Just this office for a number of years back, and think of it! the boys elected Bro. Ed. Boyle as their A short time back a couple of girls ar­ president; Bro. Jack Gallagher as vice rived here from back east somewhere, and president; Bro. O. Kubasco, as recording they are traveling from one town to another secretary and treasurer; and one new face telling people how to kill rats. Everyone to the Executive Board; who is our cham­ thought they did a good job here in San pion at disposing of cider-Bob Astle. Of Bernardino, but, brothers, I am telling you course our business agent, Bro. Schoon­ that three of them got away. Three dirty maker, is still keeping the boys in line. rats; but wait just a minute. Each one of The Local at the present time has just the yellow varmints used to have a card. So recovered from the court action of some we will have their card number printed in two months ago. Legal action arose over the WORKER and everyone can keep his eye Local No. 488's annual clam bake and out­ open, and some day you may run across them ing. A few brothers refused to pay for where least expected. One of these rats tickets. After running out of standing, they that is very slick and has a long tail. Name, took to court, so as to save their standing, S. Showers, card No. 479446. The other as well the five dollars which was involved, rat has a short stubby tail. But he is just but Local No. 488 was within its rights as as slick as old long tail; his name is 'F. F. the courts decided. Now we trust that Funderburg, card No. 582606. Now comes these brothers will realize that in unionism old Dady, yellow-belly. He is so old that there is strength as well as friendship, he cannot eat corn, can just eat soft stuff. and hope they will go along these lines in His name is J. P. Funderburg. the future, as we are organized for the Also please print in the WORKER that the purpose of making conditions better for all Funderburg Electrical Company has been concerned so that our families may enjoy put on the unfair list, and all brothers be good surroundings as well as the men, or sure to take notice. the men who enjoy these conditions from The old Gate City is commencing to put our labor. on her holiday clothes; the big orange show I might add in conclusion that the Build­ will soon open its doors and everyone will ing Trades Council of Bridgeport has or have a good time. will have in practice within a short time The latest reports from "I" street where an agreement with the Master Builders As­ Brother Wilson lives, is that on account of sociation. This is due to the untiring ef­ having some carpenter work done in his forts of President Milton McDonald, which house, and same being very expensive, he will no doubt save the local from consid­ has decided not to get the new teeth until erable trouble. after he rents his new house. Trusting this finds everybody busy, and As I am about out of gas, and it is a long with best wishes, I am. way to the next filling station, I will pull out PRESS SECRETARY. to the side of the road and make my camp Delegates of the Cooperative Party, which for thirty days. has several members in Parliament, held Fraternally yours, a national conference in Manchester the PRESS SECRETARY. last week of ,January. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 279

L. U. NO. 578, HACKENSACK, N. J. meetings often enough to learn as much Editor: about the workings of the organization, so that they can have just as much to say as I am sending another little hit of gab the one of whom they complain. When to boost No. 578, so that the worthy broth· they do come, they act like a bunch of ers will not think I am falling down on scared chickens when a cat is around; they the job. Let us all remember there is one sit in a corner, listen but seldom voice their thing that is very essential in every under­ objection and almost always let the same taking if we ever hope to attain any degree ones make and second all motion,s. They of success. It is necessary in your work; do not offer any suggestions but continu­ it is necessary in your pleasure, it is essen­ ally pan the officers, who give their time to tial in your home life, and also necessary further the interest of the union. A good in your union, or in any organization to motto for every union man to follow in ref­ which you may belong. No one would ever erence to the Local's business is "Come gain very much headway in their work if often; use your tongue in all matters in they did not have any interest in it. They the meeting, and lose it before you go out." would be wasting time. You can not get Another thing I would like to mention much pleasure out of a thing if you do is in reference to cards. It seems some not have any interest in it. members when asked by a business agent No one can ever expect to have a happy for their cards start to question his author­ home life if he does not take any interest ity. It seems they are ashamed to show in making it so. Last, but not least, unless their cards. Your card certainly is some­ a person shows interest in the doings and thing to be proud of, and I am always proud the welfare of the Local of which he may to show mine, no matter to whom it may be, be a member, he can not hope to get good showing that I am a member of some organ­ conditions and have a strong body of mem­ ization that protects my livelihood. bers if each individual doesn't do his share. Now for a little kidding with some of It is peculiar how some union men have our members. The greatest topic of conver­ only enough interest to look out for what sation with Brothers Reny and Barfoot is they get on Saturday; only attend meetings fish stories. The president is accused of to save paying fines, but still call them­ looking in the dictionary to find a new selves union men. I have often heard union word to spring at every meeting; when the men when they were congregated in public financial secretary gets red in the face you places passing remarks about this or that know he is peeved. thing which did not suit their fancy, as The business agent has a soft job, never this one or that one did this or that; but, does anything but battle and work about when they attend meetings, they just sit in and never suggest any way to overcome the faults of which they complain, and never try to learn anything about things TIRE WITH 500 NAIL HOLES they don't know. They just let everything slip by and always find fault afterwards. This is showing a very great lack' of in­ LEAKS NO AIR terest. If those members would realize that A new puncture· proof Innpr tube has been the union is their bread and butter and invented by a )1r. fl. S. )lI\burn of Chicago. the more interest they have in its success In actual tpst it was puneturp(l ;-.00 timps without the 10SH of air. This wonderful new the bigger and stronger it will grow and tube incrpasps mileage from 10,000 to 12,()()() the better conditions they will have. You miles and eliminatps ('hanging tires. It ('osts also hear them complaining about this no more thun the ordinary tube. )1r. H. S. one or that one having all to say and trying :\lilhurn, a:n West 47th St., Chi!!ago, ,yants them Introduced evprywherp and 18 maklllg a to run the Local, but they do not attend special offer to agent". "'rite him today.·A

CO·Op GROWERS FIGHT TOBACCO TRUST Fighting the devil with fire is the plan of campaign' adopted by a cooperative asso­ NOTICES ciation of Kentucky tobacco growers, which is advertising on an extensive basis in an effort to circumvent the trust's hold on market agencies. A revelation of the huge Due to the extreme lack of activities in the proposed 1!l2fi building program in Cincinnati. profi ts exacted by the trust is indica ted in Ohio, and considering the unusually large the cooperative's price of $2 for three pounds number of our members who are at present of choice Burley leaf, which manufactured unemployed, besides ha\'ing a difficulty in our jurisdktion, we will he unahle to take care into cigars, would command a price ranging of any tra\'elling hrothers. from $12.50 to $15. Cincinnati, Ohio. L. U. 212. "Stop smoking alfalfa and hay and other things some people put into tobacco and for This is to ad\'ise that no electrical workers should go to ~orfolk, Ya .. in answer to any which you pay tobacco prices," warns this ad\'ertisement for men, as theJ;e is a shortage enterprising group of growers in exposing of work in the city, and the wages paid are the extent to which manufacturers go in only :10 ("ents to 87Y, cents per hour, with a standard of about 75 cents an hour for first adulterating their tobacco with cheaper cla~s journeymen. weeds. Local rnion ~o. 80 is still not recognized by the electrieal contractors of that dty. and the ("ontractors haye forced a 5 per cent redu('tion on .JanullrJ' 1. 1!l25; therefore, pay no attpntion to any adyertisement. and keep away from ~orfolk. as the only way condi­ tions ('an he straightened in that dty is by an RHEUMATISM absolute shortage of men. There is no sbort­ age existing at the present time. While in France with the American Bro. R. ::I1("Quail. ('ard No. 244867, out of Army I obtained from a noted French Local ~ o. 58. of Detroit, has heen assessed physician a prescription for the treat­ the sum of $200 for working on non-union job ment of Hheumatism and Neuritis in the jurisdiction of J,ocal ~o. laO for weeks I have given this to thousands with on .the power house of the Phoenix rtility wonderful resnlts. The prescription Company. now under ('onstrul'tion in ~ew cost me noth!nl1' ~ ask nothinlt for Orleans. This job has been unfair since De­ It. I will mall It If yon will send me yonr address. A postal will cember, Hl23. hringit. Wrltet.n"II7. PAUL CASE E. ~o. 130. T. TODD, B. A., Box 452. Dept. H·284. Brockton, Mass: Raymond Roche, Harold Colvin, .Joseph Mul­ len and Paul Kocher are all former members of Local ~o. 16.1, who are working for an unfair firm. The first three have been fined $~'()() and suspended from this union (Local) for two years. JOHN E. PARKS, Local President.

As a result of the campaign of the Que­ bec, Canada, Sunday League it has been decided to close down the pulp mills of Price Brothers and Co. for 24 hours weekly from Saturday midnight to Sunday mid­ night. A move is on foot to get other pulp mills to do likewise. 282 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

.:+~....c~~..... o.-.c).-.o~(.~

I 17 INITIA lIONS ,."~~SMo~~h .•N!~ APPLICA lIONS I

'.t' This is the record of one small local. Others report brisk organiza- I , tional activities, and many new members. , : The International Office is prepared to continue its policy of supplying ,I _ locals with the material useful in organization work. This, however, has _ : to be of general nature, fitted for all locals alike. - i Below is given a form which can be filled out by each local and used ,I ' in its own campaign, in addition to the material supplied from the Inter­ ,• national Office. I -, SEVEN GOOD REASONS FOR ELECTRICAL WORKERS OF ______I ' .. ., JOINING LOCAL NO. ------i I 1. Wages before this l'ocal was established were ------per hour. I i Wages since this local entered the field are ------per hour. I i 2. Hours before this local was established were ------per day. II _ Hours since this local entered the field are ______per day. I I 3~ ~~k::~ _:~~~i~~O_~:n~;~O;:- ;:;;'-o~:;;:;.;:;; ~;~;;~:~~~ _~'::~-----~ ~~~::: I I Working conditions since this local entered the field are_ ------I , -____ -____ --____ -----__ -_. ______. __ --~ ___ -______I.

4. Wages for overtime before this local was established were per hour. Wages for overtime since this local entered the field are per hour.

5. Trade standards before this local was established were ______an hour. Trade standards since this local entered the field are ______,I (R~f~r to ordinllnC~8, pte., s.'cured hy .. ()nc~ntratpd effort.) i i 6. Fires from defective wiring before this local was established were ___ _ i I Fires from defective wiring since this local entered the field were ___ _ I I 7. Waste in the electrical trade before this local was established csti- I.- i ' , mated at ____ ------I I Efficiency in the electrical trade since this local entered the field, esti, I , mated (by contractors) aL __ ------i i , .),.... c..-.('~J._.('._.I.._.c..._C~f.._.(~(~.._.~C~C)_.f~~IJ._.CJ_.I)~~')._." ....c.._.') .... (..-.C~I'-.c..:. WORKERS AND OPERATORS 283

LOCAL UNION OFFICIAL RECEIPTS UP TO AND INCLUDING THE 10TH OF ~ FEBRUARY ~

L. U. NUMBERS L. U. NUMBERS L. U. NUlIBERS 1 ______813301 813678 103 ______760541 761610 219 ______455501 455515 1 ______109461 109500 104 ______130599 130850 223 ______106208 106260 1 ______414153 414165 106 ______69968 70044 224 ______568022 568050 2 ______151863 152085 107 ______537844 537867 224______84751 84836 4 ______96484 96568 109______1201 1210 226 ______268187 268210 5 ______119251 119620 110______153272 153376 227 ______200000 200002 6 ______150;121 150634 111 ______412333 412345 229 ______200602 200608 7 ______748570 748702 112 ______436208 436215 230 ______728927 729044 8 ______740724 740743 113 ______203078 203100 231______660 683 10______769158 769182 114 ______423628 423642 232 ______411821 41183(1 12 ______205975 206004 117 ______423384 423420 235 ______616722 616727 13 ______507599 507630 120______677671 677r,SO 237 ______390518 :19052:' 14 ______308635 308652 122______180829 180907 238 ______554533 5:'45;;0 15 ______810895 810900 124 ______176271 176747 238 ______127501 12752:~ 15 ______129001 129011 125______158098 158660 239 ______393952 3939:'6 17 ______112321 112690 127 ______418402 418426 240 ______892242 892267 18______86121 86250 129 ______A08425 4084:H 245 ______735581 735750 18 ______190501 190520 laO ______160040 16030" 246 ______69086 69141 20 ______770796 770930 131 ______407349 407356 247 ______74564 74615 21 ______322908 322917 13:L ______"OB81:J 509829 249 ______427813 427824 22 ______810229 810300 134______883:12 88500 252 ______214314 214349 26 ______134271 134447 134 ______165001 165250 254 ______751965 751992 27 ______78018 78035 134 ______165751 166050 255 ______201401 201413 28 ______763937 764428 134 ______164251 165000 256 ______593128 593179 29 ______263548 263553 134 ______162751 163500 258 ______607946 607949 30______603858 60a906 134 ______162001 162750 259 ______60B142 609231 31 ______172548 172566 134 ______161251 162000 262 ______537787 537833 32 ______700286 700294 134 ______93001 93750 263 ______413322 413338 33 ______584803 584841 134 ______90001 90750 267 ______115941 115950 35 ______745908 746041 134 ______89835 90000 268 ______376012 376019 36 ______17611 17640 135 ______635757 635770 269______74383 74444 37 ______513869 513904 136 ______727547 727607 271 ______823221 823252 40 ______185261 185267 137 ______559466 559488 273 ______418897 418902 40______823004 823050 139 ______121545 121593 275______61586 61601 41 ______77702 77873 140______A34701 434774 276 ______705455 705467 43______72315 72627 140______397475 397500 277 ______309585 309511 44 ______737775 737798 14L ______:15086:l 350903 279 ______356081 356089 45 ______742945 742965 143 ______37;,87:l 375900 281 ______636470 636482 46______60529 60657 143 ______1222:.1 286 ______215626 215640 47 ______419506 419521 151 ______804956 805050 288 ______107381 107430 48 ______811121 811470 151 ______181501 181600 291 ______34482 34499 50______185961 186000 152 ______:.17383 517390 292 ______64931 65250 51 ______400638 400660 153 ______410076 410100 292 ______171751 172040 52 ______79711 79816 153 ______198001 198024 294 ______363822 :~63835 53 ______749072 749131 154 ______846634 846642 295 ______414470 414490 54 ______990883 990900 1,,:. ______417269 417285 296 ______497810 497821 55 ______101333 101390 156______2401 2450 297 ______405756 405762 56 ______738554 738614 159 ______805391 805437 298 ______704860 704891 59 ______777071 777190 162 ______533384 300 ______380845 380856 60 ______430416 430480 164 ______73877 74040 302 ______121174 121176 62 ______680273 680334 169 ______136393 136419 303 ______309832 309859 65 ______109871 110035 172 ______674076 674123 305 ______540164 540173 66 ______780231 780390 173 ______405191 405211 307 ______400848 400852 68 ______830055 830088 175 ______357415 357429 309 ______825396 825585 69 ______650781 650800 177 ______426636 426662 310 ______126751 126855 72 ______110516 1105~8 179 ______305471 305482 310 ______745025 745050 73 ______167906 167914 180 ______270356 270370 311 ______72933 72985 75 ______73479 73485 181 ______750047 750143 313 ______356298 356306 76 ______180076 180146 183 ______118914 118929 317 ______534461 534490 78 ______232371 232387 184 ______815583 815596 318 ______734795 734820 79 ______744100 744177 185 ______32933 32953 320 ______613202 613205 80 ______399970 399989 187 ______369851 369867 321 ______223406 223422 81 ______118554 118640 191 ______419933 419950 322 ______96852 96893 82 ______751391 751530 19~ ______682449 682476 323 ____ ~ ___ 81062 81151 83 ______107124 107250 193 ______802343 802412 326 ______424978 425046 83 ______171001 171108 194 ______97668 97719 328 ______402678 402699 84 ______754375 754689 195 ______808009 8080:'0 329 ______386592 386600 86 ______83493 83656 195 ______184501 184577 332 ______807055 807115 87 ______50851 50857 196 ______420512 420536 333 ______596968 597042 88 ______395581 395596 197 ______845330 845343 334 ______277058 277066 90 ______426001 426040 199 ______781790 781802 339 ______522413 522415 90 ______396561 396600 200 ______103077 103151 340______169584 169662 92 ______709005 709008 206 ______436042 436043 343 ______353714 35:J722 93 ______683690 683711 209 ______126001 12602:' 344 ______60579 60584 94 ______814609 814617 209 ______223492 223500 345______827771 827787 95 ______889510 889520 210 ______129751 129785 346 ______902841 902845 96______67775 67883 210 ______539496 5395:'0 348 ______773169 773211 98 ______670316 67096" 212 ______588518 588827 349 ______436801 43685:1 100______460410 460419 213 ______601720 601939 349 ______404081 404100 101 ______329710 329714 214 ______815451 815550 350 ______519085 519098 102 ______767276 767503 218 ______571638 571670 352 ______136948 136984 284 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

L. lJ. NUMBERS L. U. I,. U. N'UlIBERS :1,,:1 ______728040 728059 569 ______82B537 826652 79:1 ______3;;8417 358421 aM ______29!l771 2911789 571 ______420981 42100:' 795 ______2349;:;1 2::49:;4 :ln6 ______37~fl10 H73640 574 ______4fl21102 462928 797 ______618061 618091 367 ______733194· 73::217 575 ______5~08:17 530S57 798 ______823813 82-388:: :168 ______-40939:1 409417 ;:;78 ______4::5912 4::6030 802 ______7:12448 73245G :17L ______3975S2 397595 ;:;80 ______41111S9 416197 808 ______393067 393081 :172 ______818721 818755 581 ______115;,81 115630 8011 ______B51441 651447 :l74 ______:l;:;8930 3;'8941 584 ______110481 11oo01l 811 ___ ~ ____ :l59945 3;:;9960 375 ______74"109 74521:1 587 ______:n3429 37:14:17 814 ______-424832 424S3:: :l76 ______42215S 422164 588 ______fl73567 673607 817 ______8401111 841;;7 377 ______1147!l5 114882 591 ______41~693 41:\700 819 ______30H,,62 ::OG;:;77 371l ______~64996 591 ______428101 428110 825 ______425136 42,,174 :lS4 ______423091 42:l102 593 ______2H:l101 26:n16 827 ______::9934 :l!l9:\!l :189 ______37480:1 :l74817 5"4 ______2651~4 2651(;8 8:1"'- ______10690" 106911 ~90 ______1:l4!l"3 1349RO 59,, ______0:1110 6:1:142 8:l8 ______3950,,7 :19501l0 ::91 ______144660 144n711 599 ______::29(;81 32!lG!Hl S40 ______524787 524808 :l1I2 ______6809G4 H810r.O G02 ______10("'17 100,,2fi 842 ______1:11077 131082 :m:L ______7313:19 7:1 VI 50 60!l ______5!17408 597421 847 ______,,82:1"8 H11 ______0026:l1 :194 ______3SS909 ::S892" 6026,,2 S50 ______42!19M 4~9964 ::97 ______320S71 :~20g0r; 613 ______424620 424!i62 S57 ______;;87072 ,,87078 400 ______677107 n7712" G14 ______"fl33" 5B340 S58 ______::,,:l013 :\5::0,,6 401 ______25123;; 2:'1240 017 ______H:.!O:m7 020:;r:iR R"H ______79!1169 7!1nt77 402 ______720747 7:)0771l 62:L ______4:W84() 4:IOSBO RfiO ______A27564 427;)7;; 405 ______1407S7 140S18 f)!!r; ______54:~257 r.4:l2B4 862 ______:l2"4;;,, :125478 411 ______711,,21 711,,74 tl27 ______570510 ;;70;)2;; SG:l ______404;;77 404!)9!1 n~B 41:1______1861 1919 ______fi721nn fi721RO RG4 ______400~IlG 6:10 ______:l,,:l21i:1 401007 415______54 75 ::,,::27:: 865 ______""1l7~4 55979" 410 ______6G7071 Gn7081 n::1 ______:."6:mfi ,,5H414 80R ______69G140 696199 418 ______661lGO \i7002 6:m ______7!lH477 7!J!lri21 870 ______77517G 775214 42B ______3SG275 G::G ______:\881ti8 3S817:: 3S6279 H3S ______77fi242 87 L ______708:140 76839:: 427 ______38,,1"1 :l8ril78 77B280 875 ______:m2197 :l92215 428 ______174018 1740:10 n40 ______-4:19S01 4::9824 S85 ______1:l91:l8 1:1!1157 429 ______42"47G 42M81 tl4 L ______41!l249 41112112 8RG ______76009 76020 431 ______7~0029 7:100::4 n42 ______7G993:l 7HfHltJfi 890______72241 72247 432 ______672241l G722,,3 G4ti ______S20260 820:)B6 8!12 ______-407827 64S ______G1498" 407830 4:14 ______GOI210 G01213 61;;02:: 902 ______287762 287776 4:17 ______308211 30S2,,0 D4!l ______719131 71m7;; !l12 ______382072 :IR212;:; 4:17 ______1:13501 1:!:lGO!l G;;G ______:l01201 :101224 1114 ______67328 6n,,4 4311 ______S:I:lG74 833n76 Gr.n ______"4041:1 :.404:10 GHO ______731S7" !l18 ______407;;R1 407606 44:1 ______7339GB 7::3!l83 7:l1!l27 919 ______714":18 714541 444 ______-429:14(\ 4:!9:151 IltiL ______428421 4284:1" 1l211 ______:l87721 ()()4 ______!'i;)!')1 Of) ::87730 446 ______-41;,!):m 41:'ll:'3 r,5!jl~8 !l31 ______862249 862:!;:;4 441l ______1Sa7,,1 183765 ~~!I------1~2~~~ 4022GO 937 ______:19288G :W2916 449 ______~,,1~OO (II 0 ______2'4".\, !!74i)-l;i G7,, ______72::582 !l44 ______"19777 519R18 452 ______769~2 7G9!'i4 723B10 946 ______4:!4240 42425(; 456 ______95138 9:'16:' G77 ______742204 7422:-1" 457 ______7511;;2;; G711 ______;;48:1G 948 ______24574 24587 7r;!l:'27 :;4844 6G~3r,4 OSO ______GO()370 953 ______6;;;;:182 41',8______1l7:;;; 974:: 606,,7:{ 9"6 ______:17678,, 460 ______"GS171 fi81 ______S0;;H11 376791l :'GS17;; 80:'!I:1O 9,,8 ______59499(; 59,,001 4flL ______17fiOf\2 17fi08;; fi83 ______42691B 42G944 [1(;0 ______4125:111 4G" ______812271 68;; ______405"35 40;;:)4H 4125::2 S12::H;; Iltl:L ______421100:1 429011 4G8 ______2\1;;8S1 21l"S90 ()80 ______7:12431 7:~2·trin IiS8 ______719tl84 Iltl8 ______4::7701 4:17741 470 ______r.n:~ri!~ r.1I:HiO 71970:; 9tIB ______417:180 474 ______788!)9 G91 ______41":lIl;; 4Hi40:; 41n8!l 7SlH5 1171 ______393382 393:19i 479 ______:16fiHiri 3G6171 nn4 ______flR672 HS8:!;; 972 ______tl03G65 4S1 ______827071 R27240 HIl;; ______42HG71 4211702 (l03B70 1li:l ______r.1B38~ r.1638!1 483 ______"lS71~ ;,l~TBR Il!lfi ______80:WO SO:19,~ ~H7890 G97 ______7124~8 97S ______::n789:; 4S" ______104410 1044G:: 71:!54:-i 1182 ______:l8911l4 492 ______G81l7B:; nlls ______:IS18:::; 3818:1B :1811:19;; GS!lS2fi 987 ______402041 4020411 41l3 ______"S41111 :'84227 701 ______9!l082 !lIlOS:: 991 ______611223 499 ______378407 702 ______7180n3 718S00 011248 :178412 702 ______178501 1l1l5 ______9710;; 9716[1 :.00______418071 41S132 178547 997 ______410720 501 ______70711 70S70 70:1 ______10231 " 10242;; 410721 70" ______4::9201 1002 ______48025:1 4R0284 503 ______:102244 3022,,0 4:19280 1012 ______::92081 50:1 ______1207;;1 120771 70G ______2S~771 28:!7HO :192100 "OH ______400271 4002!l0 707 ______71::28 7140S 1012______:1601 ::BO:; 514 ______77781l1 777980 710 ______:174358 374:17B 1011> ______414646 414648 517 ______:170467 ::7041l1 717 ______772244 772H1:l 1021 ______387123 :l87161 51S ______8S44SG 8S44S7 719 ______:19817" 3llS221 1024 ______:1946117 :1114712 520 ______:1B7 4 74 ::674!l4 722 ______:1;;7790 3fi7794 102" ______57875S 57R762 521 ______40S6fi7 40SG72 723 ______80S24G 808277 102H ______42720S 42i21!1 "22 ______7"OB41 7;;0707 729______14480 144S7 10:11 ______590726 5907;;<~ 731 ______42011;; 1032 ______41498" 41499B "26 ______22024(; 2~O:!l"i9 420127 103G ______6326G1 527 ______61747:l 617520 7:l2 ______58~027 5S:)076 63266;; 528 ______7S~5GO 7S:!;;S7 7:l4 ______7415S3 7411123 1037 ______G07761 607850 5:12 ______742644 742G,,0 735 ______5~4fl42 5r;4R4r. 1042 ______:lG4280 36428:: 5:12______3:!Ol 3342 73R ______fiSG546 riS;)r;f)4 1045 ______27987:1 27987R :.:13 ______"37,,23 74G ______403036 40:\075 1047______4::5069 4:15090 10;:;4 ______384394 :.:15 ______174R1G 174879 7;;7 ______033927 G:~;19:~9 ::84400 ,,:16 ______6R!l140 mm20G 71>2 ______:177:178 ::77Hllll 10,,5 ______33040;; ::30407 537 ______286RO~ 2SG817 7H:I______1541 1BO:: 1057 ______103772 103791l fiaR ______2R~fi:l~ 282;;S:: 7G4 ______84877 84897 10;;8______64109 64117 5~!) ______!l0771:! 907714 70,,______S512G 8,,1:l!! 1065 ______397S2H 3978:10 540 ______:l9(;2G7 :~nfj2Rn 7(;7 ______62sn7 G28;:;8 1070______378151 :17&151) 54"'-______:n Gm:! alHHRB 770 ______-43(1;;01 43fi;;14 107L ______-422701 422711 549 ______3n:IROl ::9:1827 770 ______~77H74 :177700 1086 ______:121534 :121,,60 1087 ______:191:;72 551 ______3H!l471 39!14S7 !!~------3~OJ~2 :~:~OlB7 ;jBlfi8a r;r;2 ______27R3R7 27R400 I • ,, ______(,2.{.,0 H2:m2 10!l1 ______lG:lS10 16:1R21 ",,6 ______l108B1 !lOSI17 774 ______82010S 820177 1099 ______381509 381538 558 ______40::29:l 40:{:118 7S1 ______420(l99 420708 1101 ______458925 4;;SIJ41 5HO ______7111 H;U 701177 7S:L ______:l0170:l :16174;; 1105 ______877:1;; 8774:1 561 ______545120 545200 7111 ______-42m:\8 425774 l1(J!L ______42:l!J:H 42::951 WORKERS AND OPERATORS 285

L. U. NUMBICRS L. U. NUMBICRS L. U. NU)lBICRS 1118 ______86272 86317 98-670714. 7:l8-585560-561. 1125 ______401120 401129 99-610451. 770--775188, 198. 1131 ______365365 365386 104-130778. 773-62373. 1141 ______413894 41:1920 107-5:~7859. 783-361707 -708. 1144 ______324465 3244711 114-307785. 784-768351, 391-392. 1145 ______311598 3111;01 122-180838. 791-4257:l8. 1147 ______1:l3973 134014 12fi-158188, 402, 624. 797-618077-080. 1151 ______4511481 459498 151-181546, 5611. 819-306fi63, 573. 1154 ______819600 819(l:n 169-136410. 840--fi24798. 1156______773991 774134 172-674121. 868-6961[iO, 1fi2-15~'l, 163, 175-357421. 165, 177, 179, 181- MISSING 193-R02B61, :l91"i-410. 182. 195-184;'44. 1037--607832. 40-18ti251-260. 210-5:19;'45. 1047-4:15048. 69-650771-780. 213-610931. 1141-413920. 76-180144. 223-106208. 1144-32446G. 162-533383. 245-7:{5H12, 624. 685, 711. 1151--459481. 132--411820. 246-69103. 246-69106-69108. 2112-171872-880. 172038·040, PREVIOUSLY LISTED l\IISS­ 2411--427822. 65099-65100. lNG-RECEIVED 346-902840. 2116-49781;'. 379-3649811-995. :W9-82;,464, 4S2, 498. 2-151851-860. 405-140811-815. 317-534475. :1-:19250-:19300. 429-425482-505. 318-7:{4810. 40--3627911. 493-584188-1110. 322-116858. 40--8221163-823001. 509-400270. :l54-299777-299778. 43-72019, 720:~3. 536-689184-185, 20B-205. 3;'6--:17:l6:n. 202-388901, 917, 941, 947, 580-416195-196. 377-1148;'2. 960, 985-986, IIIH, 660--7:n8n-874. 3112-681041. 389003, 008-0011, U18. 677-742218-234. 405-140S10. 273-418891-895. 762-377391-:19;;. 427-385168. :{08-75246-75250. 77:l-62380. 437-:108220, 241-250, :l4fi-8277fiO. 774-820151-160. l:131"i14, ;';'4. 346-1102840. 817-841[i6. 446-4lri94fi. 411-7115:11. 982-389192-203, 205, 465-812:12!L 48;'-104376. 209-3114. 468-29fi8S9. 492-296896. 1074-422702. 474-78111W-78940. ;,:{7--4745:12-535. 1099-:~81!i33-fi3:;. 4112-6S977fi. 1:>49-39:l744, 747, 75B, 755, 1125-401126. .501-70S14. 757, 764, 766, 769- VOID 514-777!l19-920, 950. 770, 77ri, 780, 7R9. 527-617fiOfi. 561-545108-112, 116-119, 2-151936. !i32-:I:n5, 3331, 3:l::l7. . 122-124. 3-31l278. 560-701162, 17U. 784-262:l91-:l92. 5-11I1H68. 561-;,4fi111, 1:19. 802~125432. 7-748597. 578-43:;912_ 912-:382074. 20-77079(;, 809, 921. !iS1-1lfiU04. 1008-163;;06. 27-790H3. !i94-265157. 1047-4H5041-051. 35-109887, 956, 1101104. fi95-63128, 168. 4:3-72421-724:;0, 724S(;, 0011-;'97410. BLANK 72;;47, 72;;54. 6:11-;;56396. 46-60531. U40-4:1118H•. 20-770927 -9:10. 47--419520. H41--41!J274, 2811. 224-84799, 84811. 48-811:109. 046-820262. 581-115594-000. 50--186000. 61"i6--301216. 700-282775-7RO, 786-790. !i6-178580. U7 fi-723G07 ,610. 511-777124. U(I;;-429689. PREVIOUSLY LISTED 68-830064, OR2-0!l4. U96-8038:1. VOID-NOT VOID 82-751441, 4I:i1, 4li:]-4;;4, 0!J7-712467. 506, 524. 723-808276. 99-610401.

..--..-.--- ..-.--.--.--.----_.--_ ..-.-----.---_.------..-._-., ...-_ ..... _..- ..-. "OUR FIXTURES ARE LIGHTING HOMES FROM COAST TO COAST"

Our New No. 24 Catalogue Our Dealer Proposition Shows Many New Will Net You CI Designs Good Profit Our Revised Prices Will Wired Ready to Hang Cut. Appeal to You Your Overhea,d.

ERIE FIXTURE SUPPLY CO. New Plant, E. 10th and P. R. R. Erie, Pa. 286 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL Satin No C.O.D. Channeuse to Vel)' Latest Style Pay! with Side Pane"

Dresses with side panels are always popular, and this one is particularly becom­ ing because it combines satin charmeuse with ex­ pensive lace. Very pretty. Satin charmeuse is rich in appearance, strong in texture, and gives wonder- ful service and satisfaction. Around the waist, in both front and back, is 8 beautiful band oflace, giving a most striking effect. Below this on either side extend panels of self.material. finished off at bottom with this beautiful and expensive lace. The full length sleeves have broad cuffs of lace to har­ monize. Dresses come in black or brown. Sizes 34 to «. Order by No. S.42. Term.o: $1.00 witla coupon. onlJ1 $3. 00 a month. Price$18.S$ 6 Months!! Only $3.00 a month for 6 month9-you'll never"miss such a small amount and you'll have a beautiful, latest style dress to be proud of. Send only $1.00 now-judge the big value for yourself-don't keep the dress unless you are satisfied in every way. Re­ member, you take no risk. So send $1.00 with coupon right now. Send Coupon-No Ri.kl Y; Dollar Back il Not ....,.fi.j~iil> • .,! •••••••••••••••••• ~••• I ••,•••• I •• II ••r •••• Elmer Richards Co. Dept. 4363 • West 35th St., Chic.,o ::'e1c:~ rl.~t'l~c:-="Ct~:. 11-42. It I am DOt delishted with the dreu, I can return it and !let my Sl back. Otl1erwWe, I will pay .3.00 a month nntil I have paid 8:;95 in all. W:.. Z'd1or 0 Blook 0 BrotDtI

Bvd______• ___ B.lt______Hip______LtfogtIa.___ • (8...... toflll 0'" u.. abov.li.... )

Add..... ______WORKERS AND OPERATORS 287

What Robinson Crusoe Needed Robinson Crusoe, stranded on his thing you and your family need. desert island, could have had the The WORLD'S LARGEST STORE world at his service if he had found is yours to command. Our buyers go a Sears-Roebuck catalog. For it would everywhere good merchandise can be have brought him all the things he bought at prices that will insure you needed to make life worth while. the biggest savings; we maintain Today, nearly nine million families stores and warehouses throughout everywhere in the United States use the country to give you the best and our catalog whenever they want to quickest service; 99 out of every 100 buy at the lowest prices. orders we receive are shipped in less If you are not now in this great than twenty-four hours. We sell family of thrifty buyers, we would only dependable goods, honestly like to send you «THE THRIFT described and illustrated. BOOK OF A NATION" so that Your copy of our New General Cata­ you may see the endless opportu­ log for Spring and Summer is ready. nities it offers for savings on every- Just fill in and mail the coupon! Sears, Roebuck and CO. CHICAGO' PHILADELPHIA DALLAS SEATTLE

Send for Your FREE Copy If you haven't a cOPY' of our New Nail the coupon 'I0d4y to tIIe.tore _" ,.,., Bia General Catalog. send f or it to­ day. This convenient coupon will Sears, Roebuck and Co. 62K69 bring you free our great Spring and I Summer book, with its 35.000 bar­ gains. I Chicago Philadelphia Da1lu Seattle Mail/h. Send Latest General Catalos. coupon today I I Name •. - ...... -----... ---..•....••--.- •.•.. -.-...•. - ...

I Postoffice ...... _-_.• _ •.•. _ ...... __ ...... __.... _-_... .

I Rural Route. ______.. __. ______Box No...... _

~ I State ...... _; .. ____.. _. __ ... _...... __ _ 111 less than a day Your O1'der IS On its way Street and No...... ------.. ------.. ------.. -.----- 1;

288 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL

r- WorIo: BblrtII are foll cut-ee­ peelal17 popular with hi .. men. Tbe7 are properly ~to Iri.... the fuDe.t comtortllDd lit. For Men Who Demand Extra.. Long Wear lfEE Union-Alls and Over­ JLd alls are Union made and quality-built-dose-woven, long staple cotton fabric, riv­ eted rustproof buttons, rein­ forced strain points-fully guaranteed to give satisfac­ tion. They are extra-duty Put the children in Lee Piay Soits. They .tand work garments, made for men the hardeot kind of ~Iay and eave other elothma. who demand extra-long Many attracti ve atylee atJowcoat. wear. No other work gar­ ments give as much for the money-long wear, solid comfort, neat appearance, special features. They out­ wear ordinary work garments by weeks and months. Today, millions of workers are wear­ ing Lee Union-Alls and Over­ alls. Thousands of Lee deal­ ers are ready to serve you. Ask yours about Lee Union­ Alls or Overalls (whichever you prefer). But be sure you get the genuine-look for Lee on the buttons.

Union-AIls ,"Overalls THE B. D. LEE MERCANTILE CO. x.a.•• CltJ'. Mo. Trenton. N. J. South Bend, Ind. Minneapolio, Minn. San Franclaco, Cal. Is a Saving of $50QQ Interesting to you? A RE you usin~ this Catalogue? of shoes in one order to get a lower .L"1. Do you and your family use price. every opportunity for saving And at Ward's the savings madlt money that this book has brought by our big buying, through our into your home? buying for cash, these savings are Try This Plan for Saving yours-always yours. Every time you need to buy Always COInpare Quality anything for your own personal as Well as Price use, for the family or the home, In gathering our vast assort­ look it up in Ward's Catalogue. ments of merchandise, our buyers Take advantage of the saving. search the markets of the world Then keep a list of everything for low prices on goods of standard Your Orders Are Shipped you buy and the amount you saved. quality. We never buy goods to Within 24 Hours Thousands of our customers do offer you unless they are the kind Your order will be shipped this. And frequently they write us of goods that will stand inspection within 24 hours. We appre­ "My savings in buying at Ward's and use-the kind that will hold ciate your orders at Ward's and we give your orders im... amount to at least $50.00 cash your good will. mediate attention. each season." At Ward's "we never sacrifice But more than this-one HoW" Ward's Low quality to make a low price." We of our six big houses is near offer no "price baits." you. Just consider how much Prices Are Made for You less time it takes for your Sixty million dollars' worth of Use Your Catalogue­ letter to reach us-how much goods have been bought for this Save Money Every Month less time for your goods to get to you and how much book-bought for cash in large You have a copy of this Cata­ less the cost of transporta­ quantities to get the lowest prices. logue. Use it for everything you tion.ltisquickerandcheaper Frequently we buy 100,000 pairs need to buy. to order from Ward's. Montgome(jrWard &CO The Oldest Mail Order House is Today the Most Progressive Chicago Kansas City St. Paul Portland, Ore. Oakland, Calif. Fort Worth This superb 110-plece set, wJth your own Initial on ::t:.?w&t~~~dd~g:~~~dh~nn~~ :~~sts~;c:l:at coin 12 Dinner Plates. 91/6 in. 1 Covered Vegetable g ~~k6':,':,~~!~\~'i~~ in, 1raf!r~2 8~eic;,~) U~~~~~ J1,~~~i:tt in. Ir:.l'.r.:~:~ in. 12 ~':,~~sbr~!~; 6]( in. l ~~",;f Boat Stand 12 Cups 1 Covered Sugar 12 Saucers (2 pieces) 1 Platter. ll}( in. 1 Creamer 1 Platter, 13]( in. 1 Pickle Disb 1 Butter Disb. 6]( In. Brings 110-Piece IS-Carat Coin Gold Decorated 01 NN Eft SET It's easy to get this superb 11 O·piece 18-carat coin gold-decorated Dinner Set with your own initial in beautiful colors on every piece. Read offer from Hartman, the Largest Home Furnish. ing Concern in the World. Then send while bargain price holds good, and receive with it, absolutely FREE, the beautiful 26-piece Silverware Set, made exclusively for Hartman's by WM. A. ROGERS, Limited. initialed to match dinnerware. Just pin a doUar bill to the coupon below, and mail today. Newest and Finest In DINNERWARE, Blue and IS·Carat Coin Gold Richly Deco... r,a~t~e:!d~.L~:;:;;;~;;:"..:;lM:!.LIlJ~~..J! Both Sets HaveYourOwn Initial on Every Piece r- compareThe quality with of thisthe finestset, its imported snowy white ware. lastre Your and own decorations initial in ~~~~~~~~~~~M~~~~~ii~~~ colors on every piece surrounded by gorgeously colored deco- ~~~nt.aAIA~:ie:of;:';~~d~:~~i!id~~~\~~~Il.:':'1~~ - DeD1t.7353 INITIALED SILVERWARE SET TO MATCH FRE E MADE BY WM. A. ROGERS. Umlted ~~~ r~!h26?~~: rii~~:redcoSY~:::!~'M:~.e rttn~~~~~~~~ after 30 days' trial, return both sets and we refund your $1 and pay transportation charges both ways. Otherwise. take nearly a year to pay balance due on 110·pieceset only-alitUe I every month. Silverware is free. State initial wanted. ane! P;;;;·jm~p<"iii.t;o,; OrderBargain by Price No. 322GMA1B. of IIO-Piece Dinner Set, $39.98. I NamlL______.. _.... _ $1 with Order. $4 Monthly. Silverware Set Is FREE. R. F. D., Box No. FURNITURE & CARPET CO. I or Street and No .. ______DepL 7351 ~~.;,'~~~~~ Chicago, III. HARTMANT". '.r••• 1: 110m. '"m'."'n. Cono.rn In 1:". Worlll I TOWD...______State______--~------