Japanese American World War II Veterans
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World War II Book.Indd
BOB HART WWllThe odyssey of a “Battling Buzzard” “Anything worth dying for ... is certainly worth living for.” –Joseph Heller, Catch-22 t was August 15, 1944, D-Day for Dragoon, the Allied invasion of southern France. Fifteen-hundred feet above a drop zone Ishrouded in fog, the wind buffeted Bob Hart’s helmet the instant before he plunged into the unknown at 4:35 a.m. “As soon as you got to the doorway all you saw was white. Most of us figured we were jumping over the Mediterranean. And for a split second all you could think was ‘I got 120 pounds of gear on me. What’s going to happen when I land?’ ” But now he was falling. “A thousand and one,” Hart said to himself as another paratrooper sprang from the doorway of the lumbering C-47. “A thousand and two. “A thousand and…” Hart’s body harness jerked taut reassuringly as the primary parachute billowed. Had he got past “three” he would have yanked the ripcord for the reserve chute bundled on his chest. The business about paratroopers yelling “Geronimo!” was mostly bravado that got old in a hurry after jump school. Paratroopers prepare for a practice jump from a C-47. Bob Hart collection 2 Bob Hart Descending in the eerie whiteness, the 20-year-old machine gunner from Tacoma fleetingly remembered how he and a buddy had signed up for the paratroopers 16 months earlier at Fort Lewis, reasoning they wouldn’t have to do much walking. Fat chance. After Hart landed hard in a farmer’s field in the foothills above the Côte d’Azur, he ended up tramping 50 miles through hostile countryside on an aching foot that turned out to be broken. -
Fascist Italy's Aerial Defenses in the Second World War
Fascist Italy's Aerial Defenses in the Second World War CLAUDIA BALDOLI ABSTRACT This article focuses on Fascist Italy's active air defenses during the Second World War. It analyzes a number of crucial factors: mass production of anti- aircraft weapons and fighters; detection of enemy aircraft by deploying radar; coordination between the Air Ministry and the other ministries involved, as well as between the Air Force and the other armed services. The relationship between the government and industrialists, as well as that between the regime and its German ally, are also crucial elements of the story. The article argues that the history of Italian air defenses reflected many of the failures of the Fascist regime itself. Mussolini's strategy forced Italy to assume military responsibilities and economic commitments which it could not hope to meet. Moreover, industrial self-interest and inter-service rivalry combined to inhibit even more the efforts of the regime to protect its population, maintain adequate armaments output, and compete in technical terms with the Allies. KEYWORDS air defenses; Air Ministry; anti-aircraft weapons; bombing; Fascist Italy; Germany; radar; Second World War ____________________________ Introduction The political and ideological role of Italian air power worked as a metaphor for the regime as a whole, as recent historiography has shown. The champions of aviation, including fighter pilots who pursued and shot down enemy planes, represented the anthropological revolution at the heart of the totalitarian experiment.1 As the Fascist regime had practiced terrorist bombing on the civilian populations of Ethiopian and Spanish towns and villages before the Second World War, the Italian political and military leadership, press, and industrialists were all aware of the potential role of air 1. -
Puka-Puka Parade
100TH INFANTRY BATTALION VETERANS CLUB Puka-Puka Parade AUGUST 2012 NO. 07/2012 President’s Message been planning this for several months, with the Military by Pauline Sato Intelligence Service taking the lead. We can’t thank them and all the committee members enough for all they are We’ve passed the mid-point of the year and have also doing. We’ll need more volunteers for the annual grave reached a milestone. Formed in June, 1942, we are now 70 decorating tradition on September 29, so please see the years old! That’s a call for celebration! And celebrate we article in this issue and help if you can. th did at our 70 anniversary banquet on July 8 at the Lastly, I’d like to thank the Hawaii Foodbank for honoring Honolulu Country Club with the theme, “For Continuing us at the 2012 Patriots Celebration on July 3. This was Service: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow.” Banquet their final year (of 16 years) of celebrating Hawaii’s Chairperson, Janice Trubitt, was a bit worried when sign patriots. In 1997, the 100th Infantry Battalion and 442nd up seemed to stall, but the numbers jumped to about 350 Regimental Combat Team were the featured honorees. people, and a full house. It was a treat to see the group of This year, all honorees were invited back for one final 40 from Maui and we’re grateful that they made the time, and our very own Robert Arakaki (B Co.) special trip. There are many people to thank for making represented us. -
Battle of Anzio Timeline
https://ww2db.com/battle_spec.php ?battle_id=313 Battle of Anzio Timeline 18 Dec 1943 The plan to land several divisions at Anzio, Italy was briefly canceled. g_2 Jan 1944 36,000 Allied troops landed at Anzio, Italy, facing little opposition. 23 Jan 1944 The destroyer HMS Janus was lost off Anzio, Italy. (24 Jan 1944 German forces in the Anzio, Italy region increased to over 40,000 men. 25 Jan 1944 General Eberhard von Mackensen assumed overall control of forces in the Anzio, Italy area. 27 Jan 1944 To the west, Allied Major General John Lucas by now commanded 70,000 men, 237 tanks, 508 heavy guns, and 27,000 tons of supplies at Anzio, Italy, but he decided to still maintain a defensive posture. 28 Jan 1944 German Field Marshal Albert Kesselring ordered a counterattack against the Allied beachhead at Anzio, Italy. 9 Jan 1944 Total Allied strength at the Anzio, Italy beachhead totaled 69,000 men, 508 guns, and 208 tanks by the end of this day. On the other side of the lines, German strength rose to 71,500 men. 30 Jan 1944 Allied forces attacked out of the Anzio, Italy beachhead, advancing toward Cisterna and Campoleone, but none of the two forces would be able to capture the objectives; during the process, an entire US Army Ranger battalion was destroyed. 2 Feb 1944 Germans defeated American troops in the Battle of Cisterna near Anzio, Italy. 3 Feb 1944 The American attempt to break out of the Anzio beachhead in Italy was halted, followed by the first German counterattack against the beachhead. -
US Fifth Army History
FIFTH ARMY HISTORY 5 JUNE - 15 AUGUST 1944^ FIFTH ARMY HISTORY **.***•* **• ••*..•• PART VI "Pursuit to the ^rno ************* CONFIDENTIAL t , v-.. hi Lieutenant General MARK W. CLARK . commanding CONTENTS. page CHAPTER I. CROSSING THE TIBER RIVE R ......... i A. Rome Falls to Fifth Army i B. Terrain from Rome to the Arno Ri\ er . 3 C. The Enemy Situation 6 CHAPTER II. THE PURSUIT IS ORGANIZED 9 A. Allied Strategy in Italy 9 B. Fifth Army Orders 10 C. Regrouping of Fifth Army Units 12 D. Characteristics of the Pursuit Action 14 1. Tactics of the Army 14 2. The Italian Partisans .... .. 16 CHAPTER III. SECURING THE FIRST OBJECTIVES 19 A. VI Corps Begins the Pursuit, 5-11 June 20 1. Progress along the Coast 21 2. Battles on the Inland Route 22 3. Relief of VI Corps 24 B. II Corps North of Rome, 5-10 June 25 1. The 85th Division Advances 26 2. Action of the 88th Division 28 CHAPTER IV. TO THE OMBRONE - ORCIA VALLEY .... 31 A. IV Corps on the Left, 11-20 June 32 1. Action to the Ombrone River 33 2. Clearing the Grosseto Area 36 3. Right Flank Task Force 38 B. The FEC Drive, 10-20 June 4 1 1. Advance to Highway 74 4 2 2. Gains on the Left .. 43 3. Action on the Right / • • 45 C. The Capture of Elba • • • • 4^ VII page CHAPTER V. THE ADVANCE 70 HIGHWAY 68 49 A. IV Corps along the Coast, 21 June-2 July 51 1. Last Action of the 36th Division _^_ 5 1 2. -
JAVA Advocate, Fall 2012 Edition
Japanese American Veterans Association JAVA ADVOCATE Fall 2012 Volume XX—Issue 3 Inside this issue: JAVA presents Courage, Honor, Patriotism Award to Japan Ambassador Fujisaki President’s Message 2 Tyson’s Corner, Va. — His Excellency 442nd vet served in 3 wars 3 Korean War Memorial Ichiro Fujisaki, Japan’s Ambassador Ceremony to the United States, received the Japanese American Veterans Associa- tion’s (JAVA) highest recognition, the 442nd vet served in 3 wars 4 (continued) COURAGE, HONOR, PATRIOTISM Award, at a special luncheon in his Amb Fujisaki (continued) 5 honor at the prestigious Tower Club, Sen Akaka (continued) located in Tyson’s Corner, Virginia, on September 15, 2012. Gerald Yamada, JAVA honors Shima 6 President of JAVA, in presenting the Dinh appointed to VA award, said Ambassador Fujisaki is committee recognized for his leadership in strengthening the U.S.-Japan alli- JAVA President Gerald Yamada (right) presents JAVA’s ance, for promoting ties between the Nisei served in all military 7 Courage, Honor, Patriotism Award to Japan Ambassador services during WWII government and people of Japan and His Excellency Ichiro Fujisaki (left). (Bruce Hollywood) the Japanese American community in Film on Nisei gets Emmy Awd 8 America, and for forging a bond of friendship with JAVA. The citation accompanying the award, read by Lt. Col. Kay Wakatake, U.S. Army, provided details of some of the Ambas- Internment of Japanese 9 sador’s accomplishments over his tenure in Washington, D.C., which spanned more than Americans in Hawaii film four years. [Continued at Fujisaki on page 5] Mayumi marker in Texas Meet the Generals and 10 Sen. -
Our Wisconsin Boys in Épinal Military Cemetery, France
Our Wisconsin Boys in Épinal Military Cemetery, France by the students of History 357: The Second World War 1 The Students of History 357: The Second World War University of Wisconsin, Madison Victor Alicea, Victoria Atkinson, Matthew Becka, Amelia Boehme, Ally Boutelle, Elizabeth Braunreuther, Michael Brennan, Ben Caulfield, Kristen Collins, Rachel Conger, Mitch Dannenberg, Megan Dewane, Tony Dewane, Trent Dietsche, Lindsay Dupre, Kelly Fisher, Amanda Hanson, Megan Hatten, Sarah Hogue, Sarah Jensen, Casey Kalman, Ted Knudson, Chris Kozak, Nicole Lederich, Anna Leuman, Katie Lorge, Abigail Miller, Alexandra Niemann, Corinne Nierzwicki, Matt Persike, Alex Pfeil, Andrew Rahn, Emily Rappleye, Cat Roehre, Melanie Ross, Zachary Schwarz, Savannah Simpson, Charles Schellpeper, John Schermetzler, Hannah Strey, Alex Tucker, Charlie Ward, Shuang Wu, Jennifer Zelenko 2 The students of History 357 with Professor Roberts 3 Foreword This project began with an email from Monsieur Joel Houot, a French citizen from the village of Val d’Ajol to Mary Louise Roberts, professor of History at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Mr. Houot wrote to Professor Roberts, an historian of the American G.I.s in Normandy, to request information about Robert Kellett, an American G.I. buried in Épinal military cemetary, located near his home. The email, reproduced here in French and English, was as follows: Bonjour madame...Je demeure dans le village du Val d'Ajol dans les Vosges, et non loin de la se trouve le cimetière américain du Quéquement à Dinozé-Épinal ou repose 5255 sodats américains tombés pour notre liberté. J'appartiens à une association qui consiste a parrainer une ou plusieurs tombes de soldat...a nous de les honorer et à fleurir leur dernière demeure...Nous avons les noms et le matricule de ces héros et également leur état d'origine...moi même je parraine le lieutenant KELLETT, Robert matricule 01061440 qui a servi au 315 th infantry régiment de la 79 th infantry division, il a été tué le 20 novembre 1944 sur le sol de France... -
JAVA-Advocate-Summer
Japanese American Veterans Association JAVA ADVOCATE Summer 2012 Volume XX—Issue 2 Inside this issue: Lieutenant General Thomas Bostick assumes command of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers President’s Message 2 Westdale visits Poland for 3 FORT McNAIR, Washington, Holocaust Remembrance D.C.—Lieutenant General Thomas P. Bostick, a Japanese American, Hollywood as Exec Director 4 became the 53rd U.S. Army Corps of Mori retires from JACL Engineers Commanding General and US Army Chief of Engineers JAVA briefs head of Japan Self 5 (USACE) during an assumption of Defense Force command ceremony on May 22, Shima retires as Exec Director 2012, at the Baruch Auditorium, JAVA Memorial Day events 6 Fort Lesley J. McNair. Army Vice New Round Robin editor Chief of Staff General Lloyd J. Aus- tin hosted the event. Bostick serves Caravalho at JAVA luncheon 7 as the senior military officer at Ishimoto receives DoD award USACE overseeing most of the na- Japan PM meets JAVA reps 8 tion’s civil works infrastructure and L-R: Renee Bostick, Lieutenant General Thomas Bostick, Cherry tree 100th anniversary military construction. He is re- and General Lloyd J. Austin, Army Vice Chief of Staff, stand sponsible for more than 37,000 ci- at Lt. Gen. Bostick assumes command over the U.S. Army Highlights from Dept of VA 9 vilian employees and 600 military Corps of Engineers. (U.S. Army photo) Wakatake promoted to LTC personnel who provide project man- agement and construction support to 250 Chief of Engineers, Bostick advises the Meet the Generals and 10 Admirals Army and Air Force installation in more than Army on engineering matters and 100 countries around the world. -
75TH ANNIVERSARY of the BATTLE of ANZIO to BE COMMEMORATED at WORLD WAR II MEMORIAL Ceremony to Mark the 1944 Battle of the Italian Campaign During WWII
MEDIA ADVISORY For Immediate Release Contact January 18, 2019 Thalia Ertman 202.543.0878 or 301.802.7320 75TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF ANZIO TO BE COMMEMORATED AT WORLD WAR II MEMORIAL Ceremony to mark the 1944 battle of the Italian Campaign during WWII. Washington, D.C. – On Tuesday, January 22nd at 11:30 a.m., the Friends of the National World War II Memorial will hold a brief ceremony and wreath presentation to mark the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Anzio, a significant battle during the Italian Campaign of World War II. The Battle of Anzio began on January 22, 1944 with the Allied amphibious landing known as Operation Shingle and ended on June 5, 1944 with the capture of Rome. But the price of victory was high. Allied forces suffered 43,000 casualties: 7,000 killed and 36,000 wounded or missing. In one measure of the courage and sacrifice of those who fought there, 22 Americans were awarded the Medal of Honor, the most of any single battle of World War II. During the January 22nd ceremony at the World War II Memorial, WWII veterans and representatives of our Allied Nations will present wreaths at the Atlantic Arch of the Memorial in honor of the 186,000 Allies who served and in remembrance of the 7,000 Allies killed and the 36,000 wounded or missing during the Battle of Anzio. The Friends of the National World War II Memorial's WWII 75th Anniversary Commemoration is generously sponsored by AT&T. Generous support has also been provided by the Albert and Ethel Herzstein Charitable Foundation and Worthington Industries. -
War, Resistance, and Memorialization in Tuscany, 1943-1945
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Spring 2011 Heroes or Terrorists? War, Resistance, and Memorialization in Tuscany, 1943-1945 Lynda Lamarre Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Recommended Citation Lamarre, Lynda, "Heroes or Terrorists? War, Resistance, and Memorialization in Tuscany, 1943-1945" (2011). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 596. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/596 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HEROES OR TERRORISTS? WAR, RESISTANCE, AND MEMORIALIZATION IN TUSCANY, 1943-1945 by LYNDA LAMARRE (Under the Direction of Charles S. Thomas) ABSTRACT This thesis will delve into the unfolding of the Italian Resistance, from an underground association to a militant organization, which aided and facilitated the Allied advance to northern Italy. Particular emphasis will be placed on the actions and consequences of the Resistance in rural Tuscany and their affect on the local population. It will examine the changing views of Italian society, from the immediate post-war era and the decades that followed, with a brief examination of the cinematographic influences on the social views. It will include the debate over who deserves a commemorative monument and the divided and changed memory regarding the Resistance. Finally, the author will examine the current debate over the most appropriate way to memorialize the complicated and tumultuous struggle to free Italy over sixty years ago. -
Asian American and Pacific Islander Veterans Fact Sheet
Asian American and Pacific Islander Veterans Fact Sheet Department of Veterans Affairs- Center for Minority Veterans version 11/08/2013 Asian American and Pacific Islander Military and Veteran History Asian American and Pacific Islanders have been serving honorably in the United States Military, since the War of 1812. The First Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI) to reach general officer rank was Brigadier General. Albert Lyman, who was Chinese and Hawaiian American, was the commanding general of the 32nd Army Division that fought in the Leyte campaigns in the Philippines in World War II. The highest ranked AAPI in the military was Eric Shinseki, who was a four – star general and the Army Chief of Staff. Medal of Honor The first Congressional Medal of Honor recipient was to US Army Private Jose Nisperos, from the Philippine Scouts Unit for this action on September 24, 1911. The one and only Medal of Honor awarded during peacetime on January 21, 1915 was to Second Class Telesforo Trinidad. Twenty-one of the twenty-four Medal of Honor recipients during WWII were Japanese-Americans serving with the 442nd Regimental Combat Team or the 100th Infantry Battalion. They are Barney Hajiro, Mikio Hasemoto, Joe Hayashi, Shizuya Hayashi, Daniel Inouye, Yeiki Kobashigawa, Robert Kuroda, Kaoru Moto, Sadao Munemori, Kiyoshi Muranaga, Masato Nakae, Shinyei Nakamine, William Nakamura, Joe Nishimoto, Allan Ohata, James Okubo, Yukio Okutsu, Frank Ono, Kazuo Otani, George Sakato, and Ted Tanouye. Also in WWII, Captain Francis Wai is the only Chinese American to receive the Medal of Honor. In the Korean War, the first Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders, Private First Class Anthony T. -
List of Asian American Medal of Honor Recipients 1 List of Asian American Medal of Honor Recipients
List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients 1 List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War and is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces. The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States. Due to the nature of this medal, it is commonly presented posthumously.[1] Of the 3,464 Medals of Honor awarded as of September 17, 2009,[2] 30 have been awarded to Asian American recipients. The first Asian American to receive the Medal was José B. Nísperos, who received it for his actions in the Philippine–American War.[3] In 1996, a study determined that Asian Americans were discriminated against in the awarding of medals during World War II; consequently, 22 had their medals upgraded to the Medal of Honor.[4] Except for those awarded during the 1996 discrimination study the most recent Asian American recipient of the Medal of Honor was Rodney Yano, who received it for his actions during the Vietnam War.[5] Philippine–American War and peacetime The Philippine–American War[6] was an armed military conflict between the United States and the First Philippine Republic, fought between 1899 and least 1902, which arose from a Filipino political struggle against U.S. occupation of the Philippines. Although the conflict was officially declared over on July 4, 1902,[7] [8] [9] American troops continued hostilities