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Cliohworld-Cliohres Isha Reader Iv Creating a New Historical Perspective: EU and the Wider World CLIOHWORLD-CLIOHRES ISHA READER IV CLIOHWORLD is supported by the European Commission through the Lifelong Learning Programme of its Directorate General for Education and Culture, as an Erasmus Academic Network for History of European Inte- gration and the European Union in a world perspective. It is formed by 60 partner universities from 30 European countries, and a number of Associate Partners including the International Students of History Association. CLIOHWORLD Readers are produced in order to use and test innovative learning and teaching materials based on the research results of CLIOHRES, a Network supported by the European Commission’s Directorate General for Research as a “Network of Excellence” for European History, including 180 researchers (90 staff and 90 doc- toral students) from 45 universities in 31 countries. The CLIOHWORLD Partnership Karl-Franzens-Universität, Graz (AT) Universiteit Utrecht (NL) Paris-Lodron-Universität, Salzburg (AT) Universitetet i Oslo (NO) Universiteit Gent (BE) Uniwersytet w Białymstoku (PL) Nov Balgarski Universitet, Sofia (BG) Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków (PL) Sofiyski Universitet “Sveti Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia Universidade de Coimbra (PT) (BG) Universidade Nova de Lisboa (PT) Panepistimio Kyprou, Nicosia (CY) Universitatea Babeş Bolyai din Cluj-Napoca Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Prague (CZ) (RO) Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg (DE) Universitatea “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” Iasi (RO) Ruhr-Universität, Bochum (DE) Universitatea “Ştefan cel Mare” Suceava (RO) Technische Universität Chemnitz (DE) Linköpings Universitet (SE) Universität Potsdam (DE) Uppsala Universitet (SE) Roskilde Universitetscenter (DK) Univerza v Mariboru, Maribor (SI) Tartu Ülikool (EE) Univerzita Mateja Bela, Banská Bystrica (SK) Universitat de Barcelona (ES) Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana (TR) Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona (ES) Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon (TR) Universidad de Deusto, Bilbao (ES) University of Aberdeen (UK) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES) Queen’s University, Belfast (UK) Oulun Yliopisto, Oulu (FI) University of Sussex, Brighton (UK) Turun Yliopisto, Turku (FI) The University of the West of England, Bristol Université Pierre Mendès France, Grenoble II (FR) (UK) Université de Toulouse II- Le Mirail (FR) University of Edinburgh (UK) Ethniko kai Kapodistriako Panepistimio Athinon University of Strathclyde (UK) (GR) Swansea University(UK) Panepistimio Dytikis Makedonias (GR) Primrose Publishing (UK) Aristotelio Panepistimio Thessalonikis (GR) Miskolci Egyetem (HU) Coláiste na hOllscoile Corcaigh, Cork (IE) Associate Partners Ollscoil na hÉireann, Gaillimh-Galway (IE) Universität Basel (CH) Háskóli Íslands, Reykjavik (IS) ISHA- International Students of History Associa- Università di Bologna (IT) tion Università degli Studi di Milano (IT) Universiteti i Tiranes (AL) Università degli Studi di Padova (IT) Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci (BA) Università di Pisa (IT) Univerzitet u Sarajevu (BA) Università degli Studi di Roma Tre (IT) Osaka University, Graduate School of Letters (JP) Vilniaus Universitetas, Vilnius (LT) Univerzitet “Sv. Kliment Ohridski”- Bitola (MK) Latvijas Universitāte, Riga (LV) Moskowskij Gosudarstvennyj Oblastnoj L-Università ta’ Malta, Msida (MT) Universitet (RU) Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (NL) Univerzitet u Novom Sadu (SCG) Myths, Heroes Gender and Identities A CLIOHWORLD-CLIOHRES ISHA Reader compiled by Aureliana Popa and Bogdan Rentea This volume is printed thanks to the support of the Directorate General for Education and Culture of the European Commission, by the Erasmus Academic Network CLIOHWORLD under the Agreement 142816-LLP-1-2008-1-IT- ERASMUS-ENW (2008-3200). The volume is based on results published by the Sixth Framework Network of Excellence CLIOHRES.net under the contract CIT3-CT-2005-006164 with the Directorate General for Research. Some chapters were produced during previous projects (Cliohnet and Clioh’s Workshop). The volume is solely the responsibility of the Networks and the authors; the European Community cannot be held responsible for its contents or for any use which may be made of it. Cover: Charlie Wen, Atlas, concept image for the “God of War 2” videogame, adapted. Permission requested. Printed by CLIOHWORLD 2011 (www.cliohworld.net) Preface © CLIOHWORLD 2011 Contents © CLIOHRES 2011 The reseach materials produced by CLIOHRES belong to the CLIOHRES Consortium. They are available for study and use, provided that the source is clearly acknowledged (www.cliohres.net) Informatic editing Răzvan Adrian Marinescu Contents Preface Ann Katherine Isaacs, Guðmundur Hálfdanarson ............................................................pag. IX Introduction Aureliana Popa, Bogdan Rentea ..................................................................................... » XI Myths as sources, Myths as tools Genealogical Myth and Political Propaganda in Antiquity: the Re-Use of Greek Myths from Dionysius to Augustus Maria Paola Castiglioni ................................................................................................. » 1 The Interaction of Power and Culture in Perceptions of the Latvian EpicLāčplēsis Ojārs Lāms ...................................................................................................................... » 19 Myth as an Instrument for the Study of Greek and Indigenous Identities I: Greek Myths in the Illyrian Area Maria Paola Castiglioni ................................................................................................. » 31 The Origins of the Tale of the Blooddrinking Hungarians György Németh ............................................................................................................... » 47 Druže Tito, mi ti se kunemo. Ritual and Political Power in Yugoslavia: Tito’s Birthday Celebrations (1945-1987) Dimitar Grigorov ........................................................................................................... » 67 Lenin and His Body: a Case of Soviet Religiosity Giovanni Moretto ........................................................................................................... » 85 Gender History – understanding human roles Tolerance and Discrimination in the Field of Women’s and Gender History Gro Hagemann, José de Kruif, Berteke Waaldijk ........................................................... » 103 Gender and roles from an anthropologist’s point of view Fabio Dei ......................................................................................................................... » 123 From Visibility to Analysis: Gender and History Andrea Pető ..................................................................................................................... » 133 Gender and Herodotus Ioannis Xydopoulos .......................................................................................................... » 145 Defining the gentleman and the gentlewoman in the Italian Renaissance Lisa Saracco ................................................................................................................................. » 149 National and cultural identities Regional Memory: Reflections on the Role of History in (Re)constructing Regional Identity Miroslav Hroch ........................................................................................................................... » 163 Choice of Script as a Mark of Cultural or/and National Identity Pier Giorgio Borbone ...................................................................................................... » 177 “A European on the Road”: in pursuit of “Connecting Themes” for Frontiers, Borders and Cultural Identities Lud’a Klusáková ............................................................................................................. » 189 Multiple and Hybrid Identities: Inspirations for Further Research into Cultural Contact and Cultural Change Markéta Křížová, Harieta Mareci Sabol, Alexandre Massé .......................................... » 209 The Moral Territory: Sexual Frontiers and Identities in Urban/Rural Historiography Laurent Gaissad ............................................................................................................. » 233 Note Maria Paola Castiglioni, Genealogical Myth and Political Propaganda in Antiquity: the re-use of Greek myths from Dionysius to Augustus, was originally published in Joaquim Carvalho (ed.), Religion and Power in Europe: Conflict and Convergence, Pisa 2007. Ojārs Lāms, The Interaction of Power and Culture in Perceptions of the Latvian Epic Lāčplēsis, was originally published in Jonathan Osmond, Ausma Cimdiņa (eds.), Power and Culture: Identity, Ideology, Representation, Pisa 2006. Maria Paola Castiglioni, The Myth as an instrument for the study of the Greek and in- digenous identities I: the example of the Greek myths in the Illyrian area, was originally published in JoaquimCarvalho (ed.), Religion, Ritual and Mythology. Aspects of Identity Formation in Europe, Pisa 2006. György Németh, The Origins of the Tale of the Blood-drinking Hungarians, was origi- nally published in Csaba Lévai, Vasile Vese (eds.),Tolerance and Intolerance in Historical Perspective, Pisa 2003. Dimitar Grigorov, “Druze Tito, mi ti se kunemo”. The Ritual and Political Power in Yu- goslavia: Tito’s Birtday Celebrations (1945-1987), was originally published in Joaquim Carvalho (ed.), Religion, Ritual and Mythology. Aspects of Identity Formation in Europe, Pisa 2006. Giovanni Moretto,
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