The Electricians' Guide
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THE ELECTRICIANS’ GUIDE THE ELECTRICIANS’ GUIDE WIRING SCHEMES for residential and commercial applications NOTES_A4_2015_Layout 1 19/03/15 15:05 Pagina 1 NOTES_A4_2015_Layout 1 19/03/15 15:05 Pagina 1 SA ND LES, G A DIS IN L AND C TR UR TRO UST IB CT ON OM UT A C E IO F TY R N U LI SU Since 1954, N A P A U P M Q O light when R T you need it Q Finder has the widest range U A of quality approvals A L N N I of any relay manufacturer. T O D I G Y T A N A I A P S K P M S A R U O O M T R L V U A A O A N L O C D S T E N A D A N N A D DE G D SI TIN H E GN KE C VE AR AR LO M SE PM RE ENT Introduction to relay controlled lighting systems Today, there is a practical and viable alternative to the (typically 0.5 mm2 - as permitted by National regulations), traditional way of controlling domestic and commercial since they need only to carry the load of the relay coil lighting. (typically 20...600 mA). The power circuit to the lights should of course be of sufficient capacity, but instead of Economy and flexibility following the usual route of a traditional system to all the Achieving the control of lighting where there is more switches, it needs to run only to the impulse relay and then than one control switch, particularly where they are to the lights. located some distance from one another, has always been complicated and costly. A second control switch requires 3 Safety additional wires, whilst every intermediate switching location Where necessary, and particularly for safety reasons, requires no less than 4 wires. a transformer can be used to power the command circuit In such cases, utilising an impulse (or step) relay has many at a voltage lower than the supply voltage - impulse advantages; relay coils being available in several AC or DC voltages. - designing the system is simpler No other component offers this enhanced safety through - it is more easily expanded separating the command from the power circuit, nor the - installation costs are noticeably reduced. savings derived from added versatility and simplification of the system. Simplicity Using 2-wire pushbuttons to control the coil of a centrally Versatility located impulse relay, which in turn controls the lights, greatly In addition to the technical advantages already simplifies the wiring normally associated with one-way, two- described, a number of versatile mounting modes for the way and intermediate switches. The 2-wire coil “command relay are possible; ranging from a normal junction box, screw circuit” is easily extended to as many lighting control locations fixing, and 35 mm rail (EN 60715) mounting systems. as needed, and can use smaller and neater conductors 2 Introduction to relay controlled lighting systems Conforming to International Standards In Europe, the Low Voltage European Directive 2014/35/EU APPROPRIATE STANDARDS and successive amendments state that, as well as using EN 61810-1: Electromechanical Elementary Relays – Part 1: recognised technicians to carryout the installation, the General and safety requirements materials and components used in the system should adhere EN 60669-1: Switches for household and similar fixed to International and National standards. It is particularly electrical installations. General requirements important that this can be verified with Declarations 64 - 8: Electrical Systems. of Conformity citing the appropriate standards, and certification documents from the appropriate National Noise level certification organisation. FINDER is engaged in continual research into the reduction of the acoustic noise generated by the mechanical action of FINDER impulse relays are designed and constructed operating the contacts. in compliance with EN/IEC standards, depending on type, have been officially certified by the appropriate Improved with respect to earlier versions of impulse standards authorities with respect to performance and relay, the current 20, 26 Series and 27 series create quality, being subject to both Type Testing and ongoing no more noise than a normal switch (about 20 dB), periodic QC testing. whilst the SILENT IMPULSE RELAY “13.81” and “13.91” generates no noise noticeable above the general background noise where it is installed. 3 Comparison between relay system and traditional system The Switching Function fundamentally defines the Switching function code particular sequence in which the step relay contacts open The 1 pole 2 step switching function xx.x1 will allow the On/ and close, and the number of “steps” before this sequence Off control of a single lighting zone. repeats itself. The digit in the fourth position of the Finder The 2 pole types allow the independent control of 2 lighting part number denotes the Switching Function. zones. The specific lighting sequence will depend on the specific Switching Function code chosen. Note: 1 2 3 4 • Not all Finder Step relays are available with all the possible alternative Switching functions. • The Switching function code generally has the same meaning for all Finder step relays, although there are a few minor anomalies – so in practice refer carefully to the data sheet for the specific relay. For example: The Switching Function code “6” (2 pole, 3-step sequence) can be implemented with relay types 20.26 – 26.06 – 27.06, but the latter has coil and contact circuits that are common to each other. 4 The Switching Function code Relay System Wiring – Single Zone On/Off control - Using single relay (Function code “1”) and simple wiring - Possible relay types, 20.21 - 26.01 - 27.01 - 27.21 - 13.81 - 13.91 Push Push Push Push button button button button Exemple shows relay type 27.01 Lighting Step 1 Step 2 OFF ON Comparing both systems, even for the simplest uses, the relay to take the load current and are far more numerous. system offers advantages. From an economic viewpoint, not only are there savings in Only two wires are required for the “command circuit”, and material costs, but also less time is taken by the electrician they can be of a smaller cross section (0.5 mm). Whereas, to install the relay system. This system is also much easier to in a traditional system the conductors have to be sized modify or extend. 5 Comparison between relay system and traditional system Traditional System Wiring – Single Zone On/Off control - Using multi-pole switches and multiple wiring Two-way Intermediate Intermediate Two-way switch switch switch switch 6 Comparison between relay system and traditional system Wiring Schematic - Relay system Single Zone On/Off control - Function code “1” (1 pole 2 step sequence) relay Phase Neutral Lamp (Load) Push buttons Example shows relay type 27.01. 7 Comparison between relay system and traditional system Wiring Schematic - Traditional system - Single Zone On/Off switching - Multi-pole switches and wiring Neutral Phase Lamp (Load) Two-way switch Intermediate Intermediate Two-way switch switch switch 8 Comparison between relay system and traditional system Relay System Wiring – 2 Lighting Zones, 3 sequence On/Off control - Using single relay (Function code “6”) and simple wiring Possible relay types, 20.26 - 26.06 - 27.06 - 27.26 Zone 1 Zone 2 Push Push Push Push button button button button Example shows relay type 27.06. Lighting Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Zone 1 OFF OFF ON Zone 2 OFF ON ON For more complex functions such as the one above, the relay sequence control over two circuits, or lighting “zones”, using system is self evidently simpler and more economical to a single impulse relay with 2 independent contacts. install. Savings of typically 40% can be achieved. Successive operation of any of the push buttons sequences The function of this particular application is to offer 3-step the lighting through all three permutations. 9 Comparison between relay system and traditional system Traditional System Wiring – 2 Lighting Zones - Using mullti-pole switches and complex wiring Zone 1 Zone 2 Two-way Intermediate Intermediate Two-way switch switch switch switch 10 Comparison between relay system and traditional system Wiring Schematic - Relay system - 2 Zone On/Off switching - Function code “6” (2 pole 3 step sequence) relay Phase Neutral Push buttons Lamp (Load) Example shows relay type 27.06. 11 Comparison between relay system and traditional system Wiring Schematic - Traditional system - 2 Zone On/Off switching - Multi-pole switches and complex wiring Lamp (load) Lamp (load) Neutral Phase Two-way switch Intermediate switch Intermediate switch Two-way switch 12 Introduction to relay controlled 26 Series - Step relays ....................................... page 106...109 lighting systems ................................................... page 1...12 27 Series - Step relays ....................................... page 110...113 10 Series - Light dependent relays ................ page 14...19 4C Series - Relay interface modules ............. page 114 11 Series - Modular light dependent relays .. page 20...27 48 Series - Relay interface modules ............. page 115 12 Series - Time switches .................................. page 28...37 58 Series - Relay interface modules ............. page 116 13 Series - Electronic step relays .................... page 38...49 70 Series - Line monitoring relays ................ page 117...121 14 Series - Electronic staircase timers .......... page 50...58 72 Series - Level control relays for Wiring diagram showing types : conductive liquids ......................... page 122...129 27.01, 27.21, 26.01, 13.81, 13.91, 15.51 .......... page 59 Type 72.42 - Priority change relay ................... page 130...131 15 Series - Dimmers ............................................ page 60...69 Type 72.A1/B1 - Float switches ........................ page 132...133 18 Series - PIR movement detectors ............. page 70...85 77 Series - Modular Solid State Relays ........ page 134 19 Series - Override & Status 78 Series - Switch mode power supplies ... page 135...137 indicating modules ....................... page 86...89 7E Series - Energy meters ...............................