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Alternative Annual Report 2011 Contents Introduction 1 BHP Global mining operations – dirty energy investments 3 Coal BHP Billiton in Colombia: Destroying communities for coal 4 BHP Billiton in Indonesia: Going for Deadly Coal in Indonesia 7 BHP Billiton in : When too much in!uence is never enough 8 BHP Billiton Australia: Coal mine workers "ght back - Queensland 10 BHP Billiton Australia: BHP battle with farmers - New South Wales 10 Oil and Gas and Greenhouse Gases BHP Billiton globally: Re-carbonising instead of decarbonising 11 BHP Billiton in Australia: Hero or destroyer? 12 BHP Billiton in Australia: “Wanti” uranium – leave it 13 BHP Billiton in Australia: Irradiating the future 15 BHP Billiton in Indonesia: Mining for REDD a false solution to climate change 18 Solutions? Less mining, more reuse and recycling? 19 Moving into rare earths? 20 Footnotes 22 Introduction “More than 30 million people were displaced in 2010 by environmental and weather-related disasters across Asia, experts have warned, and the problem is only likely to grow worse as cli- mate change exacerbates such problems.

Tens of millions more people are likely to be similarly displaced in the future by the effects of climate change, including rising sea levels, floods, droughts and reduced agricultural productivity. Such people are likely to migrate in regions across Asia, and governments must start to prepare for the problems this will create.” – Asian Development Bank Report1

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2 BHP Global mining operations13 PRODUCTION OF DIRTY ENERGY MINERALS: Energy Product For 2011 For 2010 Petroleum 159 million boe14 159 million boe Metallurgical Coal 69,500,000 tonnes 66,131,000 tonnes Energy Coal 32,678,000 tonnes 37,381,000 tonnes Uranium 4,045 tonnes 2,279 tonnes

BHP global investment in dirty energy15 ENERGY COAL Country Project Product Ownership Australia NSW Energy Coal open cut coal 100% Colombia Cerrejon coal, integrated rail 33.3% and port South Africa BHP Billiton Energy thermal coal 50-100% Coal South Africa US New Mexico Coal coal mining and 100% power stations

PETROLEUM Country Project Product Ownership Algeria Ohanet wet gas 45% Algeria ROD Integrated onshore oil 38% Development Australia Bass Straight oil, LPG, natural gas 50% ethane Australia Minerva gas 90% Australia North West Shelf LNG 8.33-16.67% Australia Pyrenees oil 71.43% Australia Stybarrow oil 50% Pakistan Zamzama onshore gas 38.5% Trinidad & Tobago Angostura o!shore oil 45% UK Bruce oil and gas Bruce: 16% Keith Keith: 31.83 UK Liverpool oil and gas 46.1% US Gulf of Mexico (4) deepwater oil and Atlantis: 44% gas Shenzi: 44% Mad Dog: 23.9% Nepture: 35%

3 METALLURGICAL COAL Country Project Product Ownership Australia Illawarra Coal underground coal 100% Australia BHP Billiton integrated mine, rail 50% Mitsubishi Alliance and port Australia BHP MItsu Coal open cut coal 80% Borneo IndoMet Coal Project coal - Kalimantan (not 75% yet in operation)

URANIUM Ohanet wet gas 45% Country Project Product Ownership Australia Olympic Dam uranium 100% Australia Yeelirrie uranium 100% (not approved)

BHP Billiton in Colombia: Destroying communities for coal

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4 FLAWED CONSENT PROCESS 2Q  -XQH  &HUUHMRQ &RDO¶V 0DQDJHU RI 6RFLDO 5HVSRQVLELOLW\ -DLUR 9HUJDUD DVVXUHG FRPPXQLWLHV DQG $V ,QGLJHQRXV DQG $IULFDQGHVFHQGHQW FRPPXQLWLHV WKH\ &RORPELDQ 1*2 $FFLyQ 3HUPDQHQWH 3RU /D 3D] WKDW WKH DUH OHJDOO\ HQWLWOHG WR D FRQVXOWDWLRQ SURFHVV DQG &HUUHMRQ FRPSDQ\ ZDQWHG WR GHYHORS D FRPPRQ DJHQGD ZLWK ORFDO &RDOVWDWHGLQ$SULOLQPHHWLQJVLQ/RQGRQDQG%RVWRQ FRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGLQJWKRVHZKLFKKDGDOUHDG\GLVDSSHDUHG WKDWWKHSURMHFWZRXOGRQO\JRDKHDGZLWKWKHFRQVHQWRIWKH EXWQRWKLQJGH¿QLWHKDVVRIDUEHHQDJUHHG FRPPXQLWLHV%XWLQFRQVXOWDWLRQPHHWLQJVKHOGLQDQXPEHU RI FRPPXQLWLHV LW LV XQFOHDU ZKHWKHU FRPPXQLW\ PHPEHUV UNITED OPPOSITION XQGHUVWRRG WKDW WKH\ FRXOG UHMHFW WKH FRPSDQ\¶V SODQV ± RU ZKHWKHUWKH\IHDUHGWKHFRQVHTXHQFHVLIWKH\VDLGQR7KHUH &HUUHMRQ&RDO¶VDSSURDFKWRZRUNHUVDQGFRPPXQLWLHVLVQRW LVFHUWDLQO\RUJDQLVHGFRPPXQLW\RSSRVLWLRQWRWKHH[SDQVLRQ RQO\XQMXVWEXWLQFRPSHWHQW0LQHZRUNHUVZDQWWRZRUNEXW SURMHFWEXWWKHFRPSDQ\LVSUHVVLQJDKHDGDQ\ZD\ ZHUHGULYHQWRVWULNHDFWLRQE\WKHFRPSDQ\¶VLQWUDQVLJHQFH &RPPXQLWLHVGRQRWZDQWWRPRYHEXWKDYHEHHQZLOOLQJWR 5HVLGHQWVRIUXUDOFRPPXQLWLHVQHDUWKHPLQHIHHOOLNHYLFWLPV PRYHDVORQJDVMXVWUHVHWWOHPHQWDQGFRPSHQVDWLRQDJUHHPHQWV RIDFRUSRUDWHPRGXVRSHUDQGLZKLFKLPSRVHVSODQVRQWKHP DUHPDGHDQGNHSW7KHFRPSDQ\¶VLQHSWKDQGOLQJRIUHORFDWLRQ UDWKHUWKDQFRQVXOWLQJWKHPZLWKUHVSHFW7KHFRPSDQ\DFTXLUHV SURGXFWLYH ODQG RQ ZKLFK FRPPXQLWLHV KDYH WUDGLWLRQDOO\ JURZQ FURSV WHQGHG OLYHVWRFN RU KXQWHG DQG WKHQ SUHYHQWV Cerrejon Coal’s Violation of FRPPXQLW\ PHPEHUV IURP DFFHVVLQJ WKHP &RPPXQLWLHV VXIIHUIURPQRLVHDQGGXVWIURPIUHTXHQWEODVWLQJDWWKHPLQH workers’ rights URDGFORVXUHVDQGWKHSDVVDJHRIHQRUPRXVPLQHPDFKLQHU\ It is not only communities that have been badly affected &RPPXQLW\OHDGHUVEHOLHYHWKDWWKLVLVLQWHQGHGE\WKHFRPSDQ\ by the company’s operations, but workers at the mine WRSUHVVXUHSHRSOHWRPRYHRXWVHOOLQJWKHLUSURSHUWLHVWRWKH as well. Colombia is amongst the most dangerous coun- FRPSDQ\IRUH[WUHPHO\ORZSULFHV,QVRPHFDVHVLWLVDOOHJHG tries in the world for trade unionists, with regular death WKH FRPSDQ\ KDV WDNHQ RYHU SHRSOH¶V SURSHUWLHV ZLWKRXW threats and murders of union organisers. Despite this SD\PHQW threat, unions continue to speak out against problems at &RPPXQLW\ OHDGHUV VD\ WKH\ DUH SHUVHFXWHG IRU VWDQGLQJ XS Cerrejon. WRWKHFRPSDQ\DQGDUWLFXODWLQJWKHLUFRPPXQLWLHV¶GHPDQGV Out of a total workforce of around 10,000, many of the 6RPHKDYHEHHQWKUHDWHQHGDQGIHDUWKDWWKHLUOLYHVPD\EH workers directly employed by Cerrejon Coal belong to the LQ GDQJHU7KH\ VD\ WKDWFRPSDQ\QHJRWLDWRUVWU\ WR GULYHD ZHGJHEHWZHHQFRPPXQLW\OHDGHUVDQGFRPPXQLW\PHPEHUV SINTRACARBON trade union. The union is concerned E\LQVLQXDWLQJWKDWOHDGHUVDUHLQLWIRUWKHPVHOYHV about the health and safety of mine workers and about the rights and conditions of subcontracted workers, &RPPXQLWLHV IHHO XQVXSSRUWHG E\ PXQLFLSDO GHSDUWPHQWDO particularly their right to join a trade union. Strike action DQGQDWLRQDODXWKRULWLHV7KH\VSHDNRIEHLQJµOHIWDVRUSKDQV¶ early this year led to pay rises; improvements in access LQWKHIDFHRIWKHRYHUZKHOPLQJSRZHURIWKHFRPSDQ\ to medical care; greater assistance with education costs ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE? for mineworkers’ children; assistance with accommoda- tion costs; greater commitment to assisting communi- 'HVSLWH ODVW \HDU SD\LQJ 86 PLOOLRQ LQ UR\DOWLHV DQG ties affected by the mine; and a commitment to respect  86PLOOLRQLQWD[HV WKHSRYHUW\LQWKHUHJLRQ RXWVLGH the right of subcontracted workers to join a union.36 But WKHOX[XU\RIWKH&HUUHMRQFRPSRXQG VXJJHVWVWKDWWKHVHGR the union continues to push for better access to health QRWEHQH¿WORFDOSHRSOHYHU\PXFK7KH&HUUHMRQMRLQWYHQWXUH care and social security support for workers who develop SDUWQHUV FRQVLGHU WKDW WKLV LV GXH WR FRUUXSWLRQ DW WKH ORFDO OHYHODQGLWVUHVSRQVHKDVEHHQWRFUHDWHD&RUSRUDWH6RFLDO work-related illnesses and for better conditions for sub- 5HVSRQVLELOLW\ SURJUDPPH WR VWUHQJWKHQ ORFDO JRYHUQPHQW contracted workers. LQVWLWXWLRQV/D*XDMLUDKDVEHFRPHHFRQRPLFDOO\GHSHQGHQW In mid-September employees of US-based Aramark, RQ &HUUHMRQ &RDO ZKLFK DORQH FRQWULEXWHG  RI LWV which provides catering services to workers at the mine, *'3&HUUHMRQDUJXHVWKDWQRWH[SDQGLQJWKHPLQLQJRSHUDWLRQ began a hunger strike in protest against their employer’s ZRXOG FDXVH D VHULRXV FULVLV IRU WKH ORFDO HFRQRP\ ZKLFK victimisation of members of food and drink workers’ KDV EHFRPH GHSHQGHQW RQ LW 7R GHFUHDVH WKLV GHSHQGHQF\ LWV UHVSRQVH KDV EHHQ WR FUHDWH D SURJUDPPH WR SURPRWH union SINALTRAINAL, including the unfair dismissal of HQWUHSUHQHXUVKLS DQG GLYHUVL¿FDWLRQ RI HFRQRPLF DFWLYLW\ LQ three workers. This is in violation of workers’ legal rights WKHUHJLRQ+RZHYHUWKHVFDOHRIWKHSURSRVHGH[SDQVLRQLV and the terms of the existing agreement with the com- OLNHO\WRLQFUHDVH/D*XDMLUD¶VGHSHQGHQFHRQFRDOPLQLQJVWLOO pany. Hunger strikers insisted on the reinstatement of IXUWKHU the sacked workers and respect for their union rights.37

5 SURJUDPPHV KDV FDXVHG VR PXFK GLVWUXVW Cerrejon Coal’s History of Displacement DQG UHVHQWPHQW WKDW FRPPXQLWLHV KDYH FRPH WRJHWKHU LQ D QHZ DOOLDQFH WKH )HGHUDFLyQ GH The Cerrejon coal mine has a long history of involuntary and forced dis- 32 &RPXQLGDGHV$IHFWDGDV\'HVSOD]DGDV3RU/D placement of communities and disruption of Indigenous culture. Many ([SORDFLyQ0LQHUD(Q/D*XDMLUD )HGHUDWLRQRI communities had disappeared before BHP Billiton bought into Cerrejon Coal in late 2000. At that time, the mine was operated by Intercor, a &RPPXQLWLHV$IIHFWHGDQG'LVSODFHVE\0LQHUDO subsidiary of Exxon. By the time BHP Billiton and its joint venture partners ([SORLWDWLRQLQ/D*XDMLUD)(&2'(0,*8$  bought out Intercor in early 2002, assuming operational control of the mine, another community had been forcibly removed – the community 2Q  $XJXVW  )(&2'(0,*8$ FDPH of Tabaco. It took nearly seven years of continuous international pres- WRJHWKHU ZLWK WKH $VRFLDFLyQ GH &DELOGRV sure for Cerrejon Coal to come to an agreement with former residents of ,QGtJHQDV GHO 6XH GH OD *XDMLUD $VVRFLDWLRQ the village at the end of 2008. Even now, nearly three years later, the RI,QGLJHQRXV/HDGHUVRIWKH6RXWKRI*XDMLUD agreed reconstruction of the village on a new site has not begun. There $$&,:$68* 0RYLPLHQWR)XHU]DGH0XMHUHV are concerns that Cerrejón and a Brazilian company, MPX Energy, which :D\XX :D\XX :RPHQ¶V )RUFH  &RPLWp is exploring in the area, are going to expand their operations in ways that GH 5HVLGHQWHV GH &DxDYHUDOHV &DxDYHUDOHV will make New Tabaco uninhabitable, even before the resettlement occurs. 5HVLGHQWV¶ &RPPLWWHH  5HFODPH *XDMLUD /D The same applies to the new village site of another community currently 33 *XDMLUDEUDQFKRIWKHQDWLRQDOQHWZRUNDJDLQVW being relocated, the Indigenous community of Tamaquito. ODUJHVFDOH WUDQVQDWLRQDO PLQLQJ  DQG WKH A number of other communities are currently in discussion with the com- 6,175$&$5%21 WUDGH XQLRQ WR IRUP WKH pany over involuntary relocation. &RPLW&RPLWp&LYLFRGHOD*XDMLUD)UHQWHDOD Residents of Manantial, forcibly displaced many years before BHP Bil- *UDQ0LQHULD7UDQVQDFLRQDO /D*XDMLUD&LYLF liton’s involvement in the Cerrejon mine, want their rights to just compen- &RPPLWWHHDJDLQVW/DUJH7UDQVQDWLRQDO0LQLQJ  sation recognised at last. LQGHIHQFHRIWKHVHWWOHGFRPPXQLWLHVOLYLQJLQ Residents of El Descanso, Zarahita and Palmarito are distressed by WKHDUHDDURXQGWKHPLQHDQGWKRVHDIIHFWHGE\ delays in the implementation of an agreement made with the company WKHH[SORLWDWLRQ in 2004. Under the agreement, the communities handed over land oc- cupied by their village cemeteries and the company was to provide land &HUUHMRQ&RDO¶VXQMXVWWUHDWPHQWRIZRUNHUVDQG for a replacement cemetery in the Municipality of Barrancas. Seven years FRPPXQLWLHV DQG LWV LQFRPSHWHQW FRPPXQLW\ later, arrangements have still not been completed, and residents complain UHODWLRQV KDV XQLWHG WKH RSSRVLWLRQ WR LWV about the deeply disrespectful attitude of company officials with responsi- H[SDQVLRQ SODQV )(&2'(0,*8$ VD\V WKDW bility for relocations.34 LW LV RSSRVHG WR IXUWKHU PLQLQJ H[SDQVLRQ DQG Residents of Roche, currently in the process of being relocated, complain VWDWHVWKDWLWZDQWV³QRULYHUGLYHUVLRQQRPRUH that the site to which they are being moved includes too little land for FRQWDPLQDWLRQ QR PRUH SOXQGHU DQG QR PRUH them to continue their agriculturally based, rural way of life. Some families GLVSODFHPHQWV´ have moved to the new site. Others refuse to move until issues such as maintenance of agricultural livelihoods have been resolved. They now fear Richard Solly, Colombia Solidarity Campaign, being forcibly removed, like the residents of Tabaco ten years ago.35 This is UK driving people into poverty and having a negative effect on their health. photo: Cerrejon Mine. credit: Ixent Galpin

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9 BHP Billiton Australia: Coal mine workers fight back - Queensland This year BHP Billiton was in negotiations with three unions representing 4,000 coal mine workers at seven different BHP Billiton operated coal mines in Queensland63. The negotiations were about ex- tended overtime, longer rosters, and the proposed end to the two days a year where the mines shut down – Christmas and Boxing Day. The workers have been taking ‘protected’ action in response to these attacks on work conditions from BHP Billiton, as ‘unprotected’ strike actions are illegal in Aus- tralia.64 In August 2011 BHP Billiton was forced to re-hire two union delegates who were dismissed after a defamation case.65 BHP Billiton Australia: BHP battle with farmers - New South Wales BHP Billiton is a major player in NSW’s coal industry; with two energy coal mines; Mt Arthur and Ca- roona. They also have three metallurgical coal mines in the Illawarra; Appin, West Cliff and Dendro- bium along with two preparation plants and a holding in a consortium that operates the Port Kembla Coal terminal. In addition to BHP Billiton’s operating coal mines in NSW they have made a number of failed at- tempts to explore and mine coal in north and along the central coast of NSW as well as a number of closed coal mines.

CAROONA:66 group of local residents suc- campaigning for stricter guide- cessfully sued BHP Billiton in lines for longwall mining not to BHP Billiton is pursuing rights 1998. occur less than one kilometre to explore for coal in the Liv- away from rivers. erpool plains in Northern New GEORGES RIVER:68 South Wales (NSW). Access ILLAWARA ESCARPMENT: 69 agreements to enter two pasto- BHP Billiton planned to mine ral properties by the NSW Chief under the river bed of Georges BHP Billiton is the major owner mining warden were challenged River claiming it would not in the Illawara escarpment. in the NSW Supreme Court crack as the Cataract River Their new Dendrobium mine by two farmers. The Supreme had, though they proposed to in Sydney’s water catchment Court found that the access fix any holes or crack with ce- area is predicted to do unprec- agreements that had been ment grouting. The river bed did edented damage to the water granted to BHP Billiton were crack and could not be re- catchment and surrounding in breach of the NSW Mining paired. As a result two million environments. The proposed Act and were therefore invalid. litres per day are pumped into mine is on Wadi Wadi country, During the court case 5,000 the river to maintain environ- and threatens the sacred Wale 70 farmers and others united in mental flows. Cave, which is adjacent to the 615 days of blockading. Dendrobium mine. The cave NEPEAN RIVER: has ancient paintings and is of 67 CATARACT RIVER: BHP Billiton proposed to mine great cultural and historic sig- under the Nepean River. After nificance. It has been recorded BHP Billiton mined for coal that damage to the cave has under the riverbed of the Cata- a strong community campaign BHP Billiton announced that occurred from mining in the ract River. Through the mining past, with water penetrating process the riverbed rock was they would not mine under the riverbed but instead posi- cracks in the roof and walls of cracked. Once the rock of the the cave. The damage done in riverbed was cracked this al- tion their longwall panel 180m from the river. BHP Billiton have the past raises concerns about lowed thermal gases to vent any further impact the Dendro- into the river and the water admitted to some damage; the local community groups are bium mine would have on these from the river to drain away. A significant caves. 10 71 Oil, Gas and Greenhouse Gases As high quality and easily accessible resources decline BHP Billiton is going into more carbon intensive and methane emitting operations including un- conventional fossil fuel, deep sea drilling of oil and fracking of shale gas. 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Mia Pepper, Conservation Council of Western Australia photo: Aerial photo of Yeelirrie – showing exploration drillling scar - April 2011. BHP Billiton in Australia: Irradiating the future BHP Billiton’s plans to expand the Olympic Dam uranium mine will massively increase greenhouse gas emissions NUCLEAR WEAPONS and radioactive waste production. While making record pro"ts BHP Billiton will be collecting millions of dollars in Uranium production at Olympic Dam is expected government subsidies for diesel, and maintaining access to to increase to 19,000 tonnes per year, su#cient to 42 million litres of water a day for free. fuel 95 power reactors, which will produce 2,850 “Here you are, BHP, the biggest mining company in the world, tonnes of high-level nuclear waste per year (in the and here we are the oldest peoples in the world. You should form of spent nuclear fuel). That amount of spent be listening to us about this land and the water. BHP, don’t go fuel contains 28.5 tonnes of plutonium − enough ahead with the expansion: we all know how dangerous it is. for 2,850 nuclear weapons each year. Over the There should never be an open pit uranium mine in the desert. lifespan of the mine (up to 2050), it could be re- We don’t know if your shareholders understand the impacts of sponsible for the production of enough plutonium what you’re doing to the Arabunna people, the Kokatha people 88 and other tribes around that area. You don’t understand what for over 100,000 nuclear weapons. you’re doing to the land and the culture.” 

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The Olympic Dam Expansion Draft EIS states 7KHH[LVWLQJPLQHRSHUDWHVXQGHUWKH5R[E\'RZQV,QGHQWXUH that the proposed new mine will require 346 $FWZKLFKSURYLGHVH[HPSWLRQVDQGRYHUULGHVNH\VWDWH million litres of diesel per year in its initial OHJLVODWLRQLQFOXGLQJWKH6$$ERULJLQDO+HULWDJH$FWDQG development stage, 394 million litres per 86%+3%LOOLWRQLVLQDOHJDOSRVLWLRQWRGHWHUPLQHZKDW year in the intermediate stage, and over 490 FRQVXOWDWLRQ RFFXUV ZLWK ZKLFK 7UDGLWLRQDO 2ZQHUV DQG WKH million litres per year at full production.89 This QDWXUHRIDQ\FRQVXOWDWLRQ7KHFRPSDQ\GHFLGHVWKHOHYHORI is in addition to the 26 million litres per year SURWHFWLRQWKDW$ERULJLQDOKHULWDJHVLWHVUHFHLYHDQGZKLFKVLWHV currently used at the mine. DUHUHFRJQLVHG%+3%LOOLWRQFODLPVWKDWLWIXOO\FRPSOLHVZLWK $ERULJLQDOKHULWDJHOHJLVODWLRQ+RZHYHUWKHTXHVWLRQUHPDLQV Under current fuel tax credit rates, BHP Bil- ZK\WKHFRPSDQ\LVXQZLOOLQJWRUHOLQTXLVKWKHRXWGDWHGOHJDO liton stands to gain AUD$128 million per year H[HPSWLRQV in diesel rebates in the initial development 7KH ,QGHQWXUH $FW DOVR DOORZV ZLGHUDQJLQJ H[HPSWLRQV period of the mine, AUD$144 million per year IURP NH\ HQYLURQPHQWDO ODZV VXFK DV WKH 6RXWK $XVWUDOLDQ in the intermediate stage, and AUD$178 mil- (QYLURQPHQWDO3URWHFWLRQ$FW)UHHGRPRI,QIRUPDWLRQ lion per year at full production.90 $FWDQGWKH1DWXUDO5HVRXUFHV$FW±LQFOXGLQJRQ FULWLFDOZDWHUUHVRXUFHVDQG*$%PDQDJHPHQWLVVXHV BHP Billiton projects that Gov- ernment will receive $2.6 billion in revenues

16 WINNING AN OLYMPIC GOLD FOR CARBON EMISSIONS The in South Australia currently draws 10% of the state’s base load power of 870GWh a year. In 2009 BHP Billiton released an EIS for a proposal to expand the mine to be the largest open pit mine in the world. It will take "ve years of digging to reach the uranium body. The electricity requirement for such a massive extraction would gradually increase over a "ve year period, resulting in an energy consumption of about 650MW of electricity, which will consume 4,400GWh of energy annually – which over "ve years, would result in "ve times its current energy requirements. It is estimated the Olympic Dam mine will generate 5.3-5.9 million tonnes of carbon emissions an- nually, which is 1% of Australia’s total and will make it impossible for South Australia to reach its target of 13 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions annually.

photo: Olympic Dam- leaked photos from a BHP Billiton employee of leaks from the radioactive tailings in December 2008. The worker who leaked these photos was threatened with disciplinary action and BHP Billiton initiated a policy that no employ- ees are allowed to take photographs of the mine site. BHP Billiton in Indonesia: Mining for REDD a false solution to climate change

BHP Billiton tries to o%set its increasing carbon emissions LQFUHDVHWKHFKDQFHVRIQHZPLQLQJSURMHFWVEHLQJDSSURYHG through “Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD)” in Indonesia instead of systematically ,Q0D\D&DQDGLDQPLQLQJFRPSDQ\FDOOHG(DVW$VLD reducing them. 0LQHUDOV&RUSRUDWLRQVLJQHGD0HPRUDQGXPRI8QGHUVWDQGLQJ WREX\RI&DUERQ&RQVHUYDWLRQDFRPSDQ\VHWXSWRSUR¿W ,Q  5LR 7LQWR RQH RI WKH ZRUOG¶V ELJJHVW PLQLQJ IURPWUDGLQJ5(''FUHGLWV(DVW$VLD0LQHUDOVH[SODLQHGWKDW FRPSDQLHVH[SODLQHGKRZLWKRSHGWKDWLWFRXOGXVH5('' WKHGHDOZLOOKHOSGHYHORSD³JUHHQ´EUDQGIRURQHRILWVH[LVWLQJ ³DV DQ HFRQRPLF WRRO WR RIIVHW WKHLU FDUERQ IRRWSULQW DQG WR PLQHV RQ WKH ,QGRQHVLDQ LVODQG RI 6XPDWUD DQG ³SRWHQWLDOO\ FRQVHUYHELRGLYHUVLW\´7KDWLQDQXWVKHOOH[SODLQVWKHPLQLQJ IDFLOLWDWHDVPRRWKHUSURFHVVIRUDSSURYDORIDQGVXSSRUWIRU LQGXVWU\¶V LQWHUHVW LQ 5('' &RPSDQLHV KRSH WR FRQWLQXH PLQLQJ SHUPLWV´ 7KH FRPSDQ\ KDV VHYHUDO PLQLQJ SURMHFWV PLQLQJ ZKLOH LQYHVWLQJ FRPSDUDWLYHO\ VPDOO DPRXQWV RI SURSRVHGLQGHQVHO\IRUHVWHGDUHDVLQFOXGLQJLQVLGHWKH8OX PRQH\LQ5(''FUHGLWVWR³RIIVHW´WKHGHVWUXFWLRQ 0DVHQ1DWLRQDO3DUNZKLFKD&DUERQ&RQVHUYDWLRQSURMHFWLV VXSSRVHGWREHSURWHFWLQJ $ORRNDWWKHLQYROYHPHQWRIWKHPLQLQJLQGXVWU\LQ5(''LQ ,QGRQHVLD LOOXVWUDWHV KRZ WKH LQGXVWU\ LV KRSLQJ WKDW 5('' 2Q  0D\  ,QGRQHVLD¶V SUHVLGHQW 6XVLOR %DPEDQJ ZLOODOORZEXVLQHVVDVXVXDOWRFRQWLQXH

18 Solutions? The following articles are opinion pieces which do not necessarily re!ect the positions of all the organisations involved in publishing this report. They are presented as valuable contributions to a necessary debate. Less mining, more reuse and recycling? Geo% Nettleton, of PIPLinks (Indigenous Peoples’ Links) GHVSRLOHUVRIWKHHQYLURQPHQWPXVWEHPDGHWRSD\$QGLIWKH in the UK, re!ects on the necessity for change within the PLQLQJLQGXVWU\LVWRVXUYLYHLWZLOOKDYHWRGHYHORSEH\RQG mining industry. VXFKDEXVHV

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21 Footnotes 1. URL 1: http://www.adb.org/documents/reports/climate-change-sa/climate- Valledupar, 2-4 September 2011 change-sa.pdf 32. For background, see page 11 of BHP Billiton 2009-10: other sides to the URL 2: http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/sep/19/climate- story at http://londonminingnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/BHP- migrants-asia-2010 %LOOLWRQFDVHVWXGLHVÀQDOGRF 2. BHP Billiton Annual Report 2011, p3 (PDLOFRPPXQLFDWLRQIURP'U$YLYD&KRPVN\6HSWHPEHU 3. BHP Billiton Annual Report 2011, pp 12 and 13 UHSRUWLQJRQFRQIHUHQFHRQPLQLQJKHOGLQ9DOOHGXSDU&RORPELDIURPWR September 2011 %+3%LOOLWRQ·VSURÀWVIXUWKHUH[SODLQHG WDNHQIURP%+3%LOOLWRQ,QYHVWRU UHSRUWIRUWKH\HDUHQGLQJ-XQH 8QGHUO\LQJ(%,7'$ZDVXSSHU 5HSRUWIURP)(&2'(0,*8$SUHSDUHGIRUPLQLQJFRQIHUHQFHLQ FHQWWR86ELOOLRQ8QGHUO\LQJ(%,7XSSHUFHQWWR86ELOOLRQ Valledupar, 2-4 September 2011 DQGDWWULEXWDEOHSURÀWXSSHUFHQWWR86ELOOLRQ(%,7'$VWDQGV (PDLOFRPPXQLFDWLRQIURP'U$YLYD&KRPVN\6HSWHPEHU IRU¶(DUQLQJV%HIRUH,QWHUHVW7D[HV'HSUHFLDWLRQDQG$PRUWLVDWLRQKWWS UHSRUWLQJRQFRQIHUHQFHRQPLQLQJKHOGLQ9DOOHGXSDU&RORPELDIURP www.bhpbilliton.com/home/investors/reports/Documents/110824_BHP%20 September 2011 Billiton%20Preliminary%20Results%20for%20the%20full%20year%20 KWWSORQGRQPLQLQJQHWZRUNRUJVWULNHDYHUWHGDWFHUUHMRQ ended%2030%20June%202011.pdf KWWSZZZVLQDOWUDLQDORUJLQGH[SKS"RSWLRQ FRPBFRQWHQW WDVN YLHZ &ULWLFDOPDWHULDORQ%+3%LOOLWRQ·VDFWLYLWLHVDURXQGWKHZRUOGFDQEH LG  ,WHPLG  IRXQGDWKWWSZZZPLQHVDQGFRPPXQLWLHVRUJOLVWSKS"U KWWSEKS- 6XQGD\7LPHV-XO\ billitonwatch.net/, and http://londonminingnetwork.org/tag/bhp-billiton/ 7KHUPDORUVWHDPFRDODFFRXQWVIRUWKHPDMRULW\RIJOREDORXWSXWRIWKH %+3%LOOLWRQ6XVWDLQDELOLW\5HSRUWS IRVVLOIXHO&RNLQJFRDORUPHWDOOXUJLFDOFRDOXVHGLQPDQXIDFWXULQJVWHHO 7. BHP Billiton Annual Report 2011, p47 and cement is of a higher quality and therefore has a higher market value. 8. BHP Billiton Annual Report 2011, p47; BHP Billiton Sustainability Report ,QWHUQDWLRQDO(QHUJ\$JHQF\&RDO,QIRUPDWLRQ 2011, pp 12 and 13 7KHVHYHQFRQFHVVLRQVDUHVHSDUDWHGLQWRVHYHQGLIIHUHQWFRPSDQLHV 9. BHP Billiton Annual Report 2011, p48, BHP Billiton Sustainability Re- See: http://www.theindonesiatoday.com/Resources-Photo/adaro-to-invest- SRUWSDQGKWWSZZZEKSELOOLWRQFRPKRPHDERXWXVVXVWDLQDELOLW\ 24100-million-in-indomet/News Documents/2011/ODandtheSustainabilityoftheGreatArtesianBasin.pdf 42. http://www.bhpbilliton.com/home/investors/news/Pages/Articles/ %+3%LOOLWRQ$QQXDO5HSRUWS %+3%LOOLWRQ$SSURYHV0DUXZDL6WDJH2QH&RDO 8QLWHG1DWLRQV'HFODUDWLRQRQWKH5LJKWVRI,QGLJHQRXV3HRSOHV$UWLFOH 'HYHORSPHQWDVS[ $GRSWHGE\*HQHUDO$VVHPEO\5HVROXWLRQRQWKHWK6HSWHPEHU 43. http://www.thejakartaglobe.com/business/bhp-billiton-to-terminate- 2007. \HDUSUHVHQFHLQLQGRQHVLD 12. Bloomberg Business Week, Siemens buries nuclear return as germany +<3(5/,1.´KWWSLQGXVWULNRQWDQFRLGYUHDG pulls atomic-power plug, Benedikt Kammel, September 18th 2011 www. 37%+3%LOOLWRQ,QGRQHVLDDNKLUQ\DPHPLOLK37$GDUR(QHUJ\7ENPHQ- businessweek.com/news/2011-09-18/siemens-buries-nuclear-return-as-ger- MDGLPLWUDXQWXNPHQJHORODWDPEDQJ0DUXZDLGL.DOLPDQWDQ7HQJDKµKWWS many-pulls-atomic-power-plug.html LQGXVWULNRQWDQFRLGYUHDG37%+3%LOOLWRQ,QGRQH- 13. BHP Billiton Sustainability Report 2011- Pg 32-33 VLDDNKLUQ\DPHPLOLK37$GDUR(QHUJ\7ENPHQMDGLPLWUDXQWXNPHQJHOR- 14. BOE means ‘barrels of oil equivalent’ ODWDPEDQJ0DUXZDLGL.DOLPDQWDQ7HQJDK %+36XVWDLQDELOLW\5HSRUW²SJ,,, 6XQGD\7LPHV-XO\ 7KHUPDOFRDOLVFRDOLQWHQGHGIRUXVHLQHOHFWULFLW\JHQHUDWLRQ KWWSZZZDVLDPLQHUFRPPDJD]LQHFXUUHQWQHZVQHZVDUFKLYH PDUFKLQGRQHVLDPDUXZDLGHYHORSPHQWKWPO +<3(5/,1.´KWWSFRDOHQHUJ\EXVLQHVVUHYLHZFRPQHZVEKS ELOOLWRQWRLQYHVWPWRH[SDQGFRORPELDQFRDOPLQHµKWWSFRDO 47. http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFL3E7FE1KP20110414 HQHUJ\EXVLQHVVUHYLHZFRPQHZVEKSELOOLWRQWRLQYHVWPWRH[SDQG 6HH'RZQWR(DUWKQHZVOHWWHU1RIRUDQDVVHVVPHQWRIWKHLPSDFWV colombian-coal-mine-190811 RIFRDOPLQLQJLQ,QGRQHVLDDQGWKHLQGXVWU\·VJOREDOOLQNVKWWSGWHJQDSF 18. http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/08/18/uk-angloamerican-brief-idUK- RUJSGI 75(+,' 7KHVHDFFXVDWLRQVZHUHDOVRGHWDLOHGLQD8.SDUOLDPHQWDU\GHEDWHRQ 19. http://coal.energy-business-review.com/news/bhp-billiton-to-in- Forest Protection on 18 July 2007: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ YHVWPWRH[SDQGFRORPELDQFRDOPLQH FPFPKDQVUGFPKDOOWH[WKKWP 5HSRUWIURP)(&2'(0,*8$SUHSDUHGIRUPLQLQJFRQIHUHQFHLQ 0RUHLQIRUPDWLRQRQ%+3%LOOLWRQ·V/RQGRQ$*0DYDLODEOHDW Valledupar, 2-4 September 2011 KWWSORQGRQPLQLQJQHWZRUNRUJEKSELOOLWRQLQWKHÀULQJOLQH 2010-style/ ,ELG KWWSZZZWKHMDNDUWDSRVWFRPQHZVLQGLJHQRXVJURXSVFDOO 22. http://csc-delegation.blogspot.com/ halt-redd-pilot-project.html . 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CONTRIBUTORS: Andrew Hickman, David Noonan, Geoff Nettleton, Dr. , Jenita Enevold- VHQ-XOLHQ9LQFHQW-XOLH0DFNHQ0LD3HSSHU1HFWDULD&DODQ5HQDH:LOOLDPV5LFKDUG6ROO\5RPHOGH 9HUD7XOO\0F,QW\UH

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Friends of the Earth Philippines Friends of the Earth Australia Friends of the Earth Philippines Friends of the Earth Australia Cover photo: BHP Billiton’s Olympic Dam Uranium & Mine, Roxby Downs, South Australia, credit: Jessie Boylan, 2011 Back cover photo: The pristine Kimberley coast, an important breading ground for wales, home to dugongs, turtles and hosts dinosaur footprints embedded in the rocks along the coast. Bottom back cover: Group photo next to the Yeelirrie exploration site; protesters walked to Yeelirrie from Wiluna as part of a 10 week “Walk Away From Uranium Mining” from Wiluna to Perth. Traditional Custodians of Yeelirrie welcome the walkers and their support to stop uranium mining at Yeelirrie.