DOCSLIB.ORG

The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and College Student Adjustment: Factors of Resilience As a Mediator

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and College Student Adjustment: Factors of Resilience As a Mediator Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations Counseling & Human Services Spring 2017 The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and College Student Adjustment: Factors of Resilience as a Mediator Amber Leih Jolley Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/chs_etds Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the Mental and Social Health Commons Recommended Citation Jolley, Amber L.. "The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and College Student Adjustment: Factors of Resilience as a Mediator" (2017). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Dissertation, Counseling & Human Services, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/73gd-0t27 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/chs_etds/9 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Counseling & Human Services at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and College Student Adjustment: Factors of Resilience as a Mediator by Amber Leih Jolley B.A. May 2012, The College of William and Mary M.A. May 2014, Wake Forest University A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY May 2017 Approved By: Alan Schwitzer (Chair) Jeffry Moe (Methodologist) Natalie Indelicato (Member) Christine Berger (Member) Abstract The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and College Student Adjustment: Resilience as a Mediator Amber Jolley Old Dominion University, 2017 Chair: Dr. Alan Schwitzer Adjustment to college is an important developmental task for students entering institutions of higher education. More than half of students who enter college report exposure to a potentially traumatic event (PTE), with many students reporting multiple event exposure (Banyard & Cantor, 2004). Many students adjust well to college despite experiencing PTEs, suggesting that certain factors may mitigate the effects of exposure. This study utilized archival data to explore the relationship between type of PTE, accumulation of PTEs, underlying factors of resilience, and adjustment to college in a national sample of treatment seeking college students. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results of the regression analyses indicated that type and accumulation of PTE were associated with increased adjustment difficulties when controlling for demographic variables. The presence of factors of resilience was predictive of lower adjustment difficulties following PTE exposure. The results of the MANCOVA analyses indicated type of PTE was predictive of levels of social support. The findings of this study may inform theories of adjustment, higher education policy and clinical practice. iii Copyright, 2017, Amber Leih Jolley, All Rights Reserved. iv This dissertation is dedicated to my grandmother, Marlene, and my mother, Cathy. v Acknowledgements I am fortunate to have been surrounded by many people who have made this dissertation and my completion of this program possible. My chair, Dr. Alan “Woody” Schwitzer, has been a perfect blend of challenge and support throughout this process. I am grateful for the time that you devoted throughout this process, from the conceptualization of this project to the final draft in addition to the guidance that you have provided throughout my time here at Old Dominion University. Dr. Jeffry Moe was a continued source of support both during the dissertation process and throughout my time in this program. I am grateful for your patience as I initiated many impromptu meetings that assisted in my development as a professional, educator, and a researcher. My committee reader, Dr. Christine Berger, continually graced me with her time, insights, feedback and support. My committee reader, Dr. Natalie Indelicato, has been a constant source of positive support. I am grateful for your mentorship and guidance throughout my professional pursuits. Thank you all for challenging me. Without you, this document would not have been possible. There are other ODU faculty members and students who have supported me throughout this process. Dr. Tim Grothaus and Dr. Garret McAuliffe were both instrumental in my completion of this program. My completion of this program would not have been possible without my loving and caring cohort and past and current ODU doctoral students. To Traci Richards, Eric Brown, Sandy Griffith, Mike Kalkbrenner, Sonia Ramrakhiani, Zach Scully, Kristy Carlisle, Marina Kuzmina, Renee Guynn, Marla Newby, Mary Ritchie-Roberts, Caroline Bertolet, Anthony Vajda, and Vanessa O’Hare: I do not have the words to express my appreciation and gratitude that I could embark on this journey with you all. You made my experience richer through your humor, support, wisdom, patience, and guidance. vi I am thankful for the professional and personal support I received during my time at Christopher Newport University, especially from my supervisors Kevin Joyce, Stacey Villanueva, and Lindsay Bolster. To my previous counseling cohort, thank you for setting the bar so high and for your continued encouragement. To my friends, near and far, Willie Wilson, Ruby Langeslay, Jocie Scott, Talita Sueldo, Danny Greene, and Rachel Cason, thank you for getting in formation when I needed your understanding, perspective, support, patience, and shoulders to cry on. I am forever grateful for my mother, Cathy Trimble. Thank you for keeping me grounded throughout my educational journey and for helping me solve the problems that seemed unsolvable. To my sisters, Jonita Green and Erika McClean, thank you for always looking out for your baby sister, for your encouragement and your endless forms of support. I love you all! Finally, thank you to my amazing partner and best friend, Ivan. I appreciate the sacrifices you made to support me throughout this journey. Thank you for staying up with me on sleepless nights, for countless hours spent listening to my problems, and for being my biggest cheerleader. You have shared in all the ups and downs of this process and I am grateful for your unconditional love and support. I love you. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... xi INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM...............................................................................1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ...................................................................................4 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY ...............................................................................................5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.....................................................................................6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESES .............................................................7 RESEARCH DESIGN .........................................................................................................8 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK .......................................................................................8 ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS .............................................................................9 STUDY SPECIFIC TERMS AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................9 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ...............................................................................................12 COLLEGE STUDENT MENTAL HEALTH ...................................................................13 HISTORY OF COLLEGE MENTAL HEALTH .......................................................13 ADJUSTMENT TO COLLEGE ................................................................................14 CURRENT MENTAL HEALTH NEEDS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS ..................17 TRAUMA ..........................................................................................................................20 HISTORY OF TRAUMA ...........................................................................................20 DEFINING POTENTIALLY TRAUMATIC EVENTS ............................................22 EXPOSURE TO PTES IN COLLEGE STUDENTS ................................................23 IMPACT OF PTES ON ADJUSTMENT ...................................................................25 viii SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PREDICTORS..................................................................29 FACTORS OF RESILIENCE............................................................................................31 RESILIENCE DEFINED ...........................................................................................32 SOCIAL SUPPORT ...................................................................................................34 RELIGIOUS ENGAGEMENT ..................................................................................36 COLLEGE ENGAGEMENT FACTORS ..................................................................37 MENTAL HEALTH PREDICTORS .........................................................................38 SUBJECTIVE EVENT SEVERITY ..........................................................................39
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Preventing and Reducing Non-Medical Prescription Stimulant Use: an Intervention Study
    Trinity College Trinity College Digital Repository Senior Theses and Projects Student Scholarship Spring 2016 Preventing and Reducing Non-Medical Prescription Stimulant Use: An Intervention Study Tyler R. Hightower Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses Part of the Applied Behavior Analysis Commons Recommended Citation Hightower, Tyler R., "Preventing and Reducing Non-Medical Prescription Stimulant Use: An Intervention Study". Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 2016. Trinity College Digital Repository, https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/589 PREVENTING PRESCRIPTION STIMULANT MISUSE 1 Preventing and Reducing Non-Medical Prescription Use: An Intervention Study A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology Tyler Hightower Trinity College Fall 2015 - Spring 2016 PREVENTING PRESCRIPTION STIMULANT MISUSE 2 Acknowledgements I want to thank Dr. Laura Holt for her guidance and enthusiasm throughout my thesis project. I could not have had for a more wise, patient, and diligent thesis advisor. I would also like to thank Dr. Alison Looby at the University of North Dakota for collaborating. I appreciated the assistance of AJ Ballard and Tom Kendrick, who helped run groups for this study. Finally, I would like to thank David Tatem for his assistance assembling the poster. PREVENTING PRESCRIPTION STIMULANT MISUSE 3 Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………………………………...………………….4 Background
    [Show full text]
  • Investing in Student Mental Health
    INVESTING IN STUDENT MENTAL HEALTH Opportunities & Benefits for College Leadership PREPARED BY THE HEALTHY MINDS NETWORK RESEARCH TEAM: American Council on Sarah Ketchen Lipson, Sara Abelson, Peter Education Ceglarek, Megan Phillips, and Daniel Eisenberg Cover photo courtesy of Sacramento State (CA) American Council on Education ACE and the American Council on Education are registered marks of the American Council on Education and may not be used or reproduced without the express written permission of ACE. American Council on Education One Dupont Circle NW Washington, DC 20036 © 2019. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Colleges and universities need to address the mental health of students on their campuses. Poor mental health hinders students’ academic success; untreated mental health issues may lead to lower GPAs, discontinuous enrollment, and too often, lapses in enrollment. An institution’s investment in student mental health is important for the social, educational, and economic well-being of students, their campuses, and broader society. Investing time and resources in student mental health can result in academic and economic benefits for an institution and society. College presidents profiled in this report demonstrate some of the ways campus leaders can take action: 1. Speak out about mental health—reduce stigmas and help students feel that it is normal to express mental health concerns and seek help. 2. Pursue partnerships to ensure a campus-wide, comprehensive approach to mental health care, promotion, and prevention.
    [Show full text]
  • The Covid-19 Pandemic's Effect on Campus Health Services
    THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC’S EFFECT ON CAMPUS HEALTH SERVICES A Snapshot of Operating Status and Response, April 6–9, 2020 THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC’S EFFECT ON CAMPUS HEALTH SERVICES A Snapshot of Operating Status and Response, April 6–9, 2020 This report has been collaboratively created by the following members of the ACHA COVID-19 Task Force: ACHA COVID-19 Task Force Survey Sub-Committee Survey Sub-Committee Chairs Anita Barkin, DrPH, MSN, NP-C, FACHA Geraldine Taylor, MS, APRN-BC, FACHA Survey Sub-Committee Members David Anderson, PhD Jean Chin, MD, MBA, FACP, FACHA Micah Griffin, PhD, MS, MHA Giang T. Nguyen, MD, MPH, MSCE, FAAFP For additional COVID-19 information and resources for campuses, visit ACHA’s COVID-19 Resource page: www.acha.org/COVID-19 Purpose As college health and wellness professionals are called upon to provide guidance to their campus communities regarding their response to the pandemic, it is critical that there is access to timely, ongoing benchmarking data to measure the effect of the pandemic on college health services as well as their response to the crisis. To that end, the American College Health Association (ACHA) developed and administered a survey to collect critical data to assist in the study of the COVID-19 pandemic event. The results included in this report represent a snapshot of the status of college health services from April 6 through April 9, 2020. Methods Representatives of 728 ACHA Member Institutions (RMIs) were asked to complete an online survey developed by the ACHA COVID-19 Task Force. Responses were collected between April 6 and April 9, 2020, using the Qualtrics platform.
    [Show full text]
  • An Audit of Mental Health Care at US Colleges and Universities
    An Audit of Mental Health Care at U.S. Colleges and Universities: Focus on Anxiety Disorders Copyright 2007 Anxiety Disorders Association of America ADAA | AN AUDIT OF MENTAL HEALTH CARE AT U.S. COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES A Report of the Anxiety Disorders Association of America While much of the stress and anxiety that college students experience is normal and even healthy, some will experience chronic, relentless anxiety that may be a sign Anxiety Disorders on Campus: of an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders are a group of illnesses that include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), The Growing Need for College obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias (see Mental Health Services Appendix D for definitions). Anxiety disorders are treatable. However many students eaving home for college presents young adults with a do not know they have a treatable illness, are not aware variety of emotional challenges — many of which they of their treatment options or don’t know how to seek L are encountering for the first time and without familiar help. If left untreated, anxiety disorders can lead to the sources of support. Getting along with roommates, development of secondary conditions such as depression managing finances, dealing with new social pressures, and substance abuse. The good news is that research being exposed to alcohol or drugs, meeting academic shows early diagnosis and intervention for an anxiety demands and in some cases, coping with preexisting disorder can prevent the onset of depression and other physical and mental health problems can all present secondary conditions. Therefore, it is critical that college potential difficulties.
    [Show full text]
  • Health, Safety Booklet 14-15
    Wabash College Health, Safety, and Security Handbook 2014-15 Alcohol and Illegal Drugs 2 Health Risks of Alcohol 9 Health Risks of Other Drugs 11 Resources for Students, Faculty, and Staff 13 Smoking…………………………………………………………………………………………….15 Non Discrimination Policy and Title IX 15 Statement on Sexual Harassment 18 Sexual Assault Policy Statement 19 Domestic Violence Policy 20 Crime Awareness and Campus Security at Wabash 20 Fire Safety Information……………………………………………………………………………21 HIV/AIDS Policy Statement 24 Students with Disabilities 25 I. ALCOHOL AND ILLEGAL DRUGS: LEGAL SANCTIONS, HEALTH RISKS, AND AVAILABLE PROGRAMS NOTICE TO THE COLLEGE COMMUNITY PURSUANT TO THE DRUG-FREE SCHOOLS ANDCOMMUNITIES ACT AND THE DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE ACT Wabash College complies with the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act and with the Drug-Free Workplace Act, as they apply to students and employees of the College. Notice to Students As part of its single rule—that students act as gentlemen at all times—the College expects its students to maintain standards of conduct which exclude the unlawful possession, use, or distribution of illicit drugs and alcohol on College property or as part of any College activity. Pursuant to the Gentleman’s Rule, appropriate sanctions available to the College may range up to and include expulsion and referral for prosecution, depending upon the severity of the violation. The College distributes to each student this pamphlet, Health, Safety, and Security Issues: A Guide for the Wabash Community, to educate students about this subject. Any questions a student has about this Notice or the pamphlet may be addressed to the Dean of Students or the Associate Dean of Students.
    [Show full text]
  • Tobacco Control at Community Colleges: Context and Opportunities
    Tobacco Prevention & Cessation Research Paper Tobacco Control at Community Colleges: Context and Opportunities Scott McIntosh1, Andrew F. Wall2, Tye Johnson1, Douglas H. Done3, Jordan H. Kurtzman1, Duncan Ververs1, Deborah J. Ossip1 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Tobacco use among United States college-aged students remains higher than AFFILIATION that of the national average. While a majority of public health literature has explained tobacco 1 University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, USA control programs and policies at traditional four-year colleges and universities, little research 2 University of Redlands School exists on programs and policies at two-year community colleges. It is important to understand of Education, Redlands, USA 3 University at Albany School of such efforts at these institutions as they have vastly different infrastructures and enroll a more Public Health, Department of diverse and at-risk student body compared to traditional four-year colleges. Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Rensselaer, New York, USA METHODS The role of community colleges in health efforts aimed at tobacco use was examined at four community colleges. Qualitative research methods included 18 interviews and four focus CORRESPONDENCE TO groups (N=55), document review, and direct environmental observation. Dr. Scott McIntosh, University of Rochester Medical Center, RESULTS Community colleges offered a limited number of tobacco cessation and secondhand 265 Crittenden Blvd, CU smoke prevention initiatives. All colleges provided tobacco control literature, though additional 420644, 14642 Rochester, United States. Email: scott_ programming varied by college. Indoor and outdoor tobacco use policies existed on all campuses [email protected] though enforcement was problematic. Little evidence was found that current program and policy approaches are based upon best practices or are being employed successfully.
    [Show full text]
  • Smokefree and Tobacco-Free U.S. and Tribal Colleges and Universities
    Smokefree and Tobacco-Free U.S. and Tribal Colleges and Universities Campus-Wide Policies: Public Institutions Includes e-cigarette, hookah, Private Institutions and marijuana Vocational/Technical Schools coverage! Professional Schools Junior and Community Colleges Photos/graphics © South Carolina Hospital Association, UCLA, UTTC, OSU Association,UTTC,Carolina UCLA, Hospital South Photos/graphics© 2530 San Pablo Avenue, Suite J, Berkeley, CA 94702 | 510.841.3032 | 510.841.3071 Fax | no-smoke.org | [email protected] ANRF is a 501c3 nonprofit organization and donations are tax deductible | Tax ID #94-2922136 Smokefree and Tobacco-Free U.S. and Tribal Colleges and Universities July 1, 2021 There are now at least 2,542 100% smokefree campus sites. Of these, 2,104 are 100% tobacco- free, 2,176 prohibit e-cigarette use, 1,183 prohibit hookah use, 539 prohibit smoking/vaping marijuana, and 612 explicitly include personal vehicles on campus in the policy protections. The following three lists include colleges and universities with entirely smokefree campus sites (both indoors and outdoors) at a minimum (additional 100% protections -- E-cigarettes, hookah, and/or marijuana -- are indicated where applicable): 1. American Indian/Alaska Native Colleges Requiring 100% Smokefree Campuses 2. U.S. State Laws Requiring 100% Smokefree Campuses 3. All: Both lists above, plus U.S College/University 100% Smokefree Campus Policies Visit our Smokefree Colleges & Universities resource page at https://no-smoke.org/at-risk- places/colleges/ for more information.
    [Show full text]
  • College Students' Frequently Asked Questions About Depression
    COMCARE Article December 2013 College Students’ Frequently Asked Questions About Depression Many young adults experience the first symptoms of depression during their college years. Unfortunately, many college students who have depression aren't getting the help they need. They may not know where to go for help, or they may believe that treatment won't help. Others don't get help because they think their symptoms are just part of the typical stress of college, being away from home for the first time, or they worry about being judged if they seek mental health care. Most colleges offer free or low-cost mental health services to students. Depression is a medical illness and treatments can be very effective. Early diagnosis and treatment of depression can relieve depression symptoms, prevent depression from returning, and help students succeed in college and after graduation. Q. What is depression? A. Depression is a common but serious mental illness typically marked by sad or anxious feelings. Most college students occasionally feel sad or anxious, but these emotions usually pass quickly—within a couple of days. Untreated depression lasts for a long time, interferes with day-to-day activities, and is much more than just being "a little down" or "feeling blue." Q. How does depression affect college students? A. In 2011, the American College Health Association–National College Health Assessment (ACHA–NCHA—a nationwide survey of college students at two- and four-year institutions) found that about 30 percent of college students reported feeling "so depressed that it was difficult to function" at some time in the past year.
    [Show full text]
  • Big Tobacco on Campus Ending the Addiction Big Tobacco on Campus: Ending the Addiction Introduction
    Big Tobacco on Campus Ending the Addiction Big Tobacco on Campus: Ending the Addiction INTroductioN n 2006, roughly one in five college1 students smoked I 2 (19.2 percent). Although still unacceptably high, this marked the lowest rate of smoking among college students since 1980. This report explores the trends in smoking among college students and examines steps to help students—and the colleges and universities—break their addiction to tobacco. 2 www.lungusa.org 1-800-LUNG-USA Big Tobacco on Campus: Ending the Addiction ProfILE of ThE ProBLEm ollege students smoked at lower Crates in 2006 than at any time since 1980, CoLLEGE studENT 3 according to the latest published study. Only SmokErS ArE: 19.2 percent of college students smoked in 2006, a rate one-third lower than at the peak in 1999, when 30.6 √ Former high school percent of students reported smoking within the previous smokers 30 days.4 They smoke at a much lower rate than 18 to 22- √ Equally likely to be year-olds who are not in college full-time; 35.7 percent of male or female those young adults smoke.5 √ Predominantly White √ Likely to be social While the drop in prevalence is remarkable, these smokers students still smoke well above the rate set as a national √ More likely to also use goal by the U.S. Department of Health and Human alcohol or other Services—12 percent among adult smokers in 2010.6 substances Smoking rates have been nearly this low before, only to rise to new peaks. In 1989, the previous low year, only 21.1 percent of college students smoked, but within ten years, the number skyrocketed by one-third to the peak high of 30.6 percent in 1999.
    [Show full text]
  • Perfectionism and Social Anxiety Among College Students
    PERFECTIONISM AND SOCIAL ANXIETY AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS A dissertation presented by Daniel Per Villiers, M.Ed., M.A. Submitted to The Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the field of Counseling Psychology Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts February, 2009 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………….................ii Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………………………...v Dedication………………………………………………………………………………………...vi Abstract………………………………………………………………………...............................vii Copyright Page…………………………………………………………………………................ix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................1 Background of the Problem……………………………………………………...............1 Social Anxiety………….…………………………………………………………1 Perfectionism……………………………………………………….……………..2 Perfectionism, Social Anxiety, & College Students...............................................6 Social Anxiety, Perfectionism, & Academic Major..……......................................8 Rationale & Significance…………………………………………………….....................9 Research Significance………………………………………………....................10 Clinical Significance…………………………………..........................................11 University Significance..........................................................................................12 Theoretical Foundation of the Study…………………………………………………….13 Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………..….................14
    [Show full text]
  • Healthy Minds Study Fall 2020 National Data Report
    Fall 2020 Data Report ABOUT THE HEALTHY MINDS STUDY (HMS) STUDY TEAM Principal Investigators: Daniel Eisenberg, PhD & Sarah Ketchen Lipson, EdM, PhD & Justin Heinze, PhD Co-investigator: Sasha Zhou, PhD, MPH, MHSA Project Managers: Amber Talaski, MPH & Akilah Patterson, MPH REPORT TEAM Graphic Designer: Sarah Fogel, University of Michigan School of Art and Design, Class of 2014 Report Automation: Paul Schulz & Lingxi Li TABLE OF CONTENTS STUDY PURPOSE 1 STUDY DESIGN 1 ABOUT THIS REPORT 2 KEY FINDINGS 3 SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS 4 PREVALENCE OF MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS 5 HEALTH BEHAVIORS AND LIFESTYLE 7 ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS ABOUT MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES 8 USE OF SERVICES 9 REFERENCES 11 APPENDIX: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS FOR SURVEY ITEMS 12 STUDY PURPOSE The Healthy Minds Study provides a detailed picture of mental health and related issues in college student populations. Schools typically use their data for some combination of the following purposes: to identify needs and priorities; benchmark against peer institutions; evaluate programs and policies; plan for services and programs; and advocate for resources. STUDY DESIGN The Healthy Minds Study is designed to protect the privacy and confidentiality of participants. HMS is approved by the Health Sciences and Behavioral Sciences Institutional Review Board at University of Michigan. To further protect respondent privacy, the study is covered by a Certificate of Confidentiality from the National Institutes of Health. SAMPLING Each participating school provides the HMS team with a randomly selected sample of currently enrolled students over the age of 18. Large schools typically provide a random sample of 4,000 students, while smaller schools typically provide a sample of all students.
    [Show full text]
  • FALL 2018 Reference Group Executive Summary Table of Contents
    FALL 2018 Reference Group Executive Summary Table of Contents I. Introduction 2 II. Findings A. General Health of College Students 3 B. Disease and Injury Prevention 4 C. Academic Impacts 5 D. Violence, Abusive Relationships and Personal Safety 5 E. Tobacco, Alcohol, and Marijuana Use 6 F. Sexual Behavior 10 G. Nutrition and Exercise 12 H. Mental Health 13 I. Sleep 16 III. Demographics and Student Characteristics 17 ACHA, the nation's principal advocate and leadership organization for college and university health, represents a diverse membership that provides and supports the delivery of health care and prevention and wellness services for the nation's 20 million college students. For more information about the association's programs and services, visit www.acha.org, and www.acha-ncha.org. Suggested citation for this document: American College Health Association. American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II: Reference Group Executive Summary Fall 2018. Silver Spring, MD: American College Health Association; 2018. Introduction The ACHA-National College Health Assessment II (ACHA-NCHA II) is a national research survey organized by the American College Health Association (ACHA) to assist college health service providers, health educators, counselors, and administrators in collecting data about their students' habits, behaviors, and perceptions on the most prevalent health topics. ACHA initiated the original ACHA-NCHA in 2000 and the instrument was used nation wide through the spring 2008 data collection period. The ACHA-NCHA now provides the largest known comprehensive data set on the health of college students, providing the college health and higher education fields with a vast spectrum of information on student health.
    [Show full text]