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Five New Species of Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 (Conilithidae: Conilithinae) from the Caribbean Molluscan Province

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Five New Species of Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 (Conilithidae: Conilithinae) from the Caribbean Molluscan Province ISSN 0738-9388 172 Volume: 48 THE FESTIVUS ISSUE 3 Five New Species of Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 (Conilithidae: Conilithinae) from the Caribbean Molluscan Province Edward J. Petuch1, David P. Berschauer2, and André Poremski3 1 Department of Geosciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431 [email protected] 2 25461 Barents Street, Laguna Hills, California 92653 [email protected] 3 51 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20001 [email protected] ABSTRACT Five new species of the endemic western Atlantic conilithid genus Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 are described from the Caribbean Molluscan Province: Jaspidiconus boriqua n. sp. (endemic to Puerto Rico), Jaspidiconus culebranus n. sp. (endemic to Culebra Island), Jaspidiconus janapatriceae n. sp. (endemic to Grand Cayman Island), Jaspidiconus marcusi n. sp. (endemic to Eleuthera Island, Bahamas), and Jaspidiconus masinoi n. sp. (endemic to the Utila Cays, Honduras). With the addition of these five new taxa, 40 Jaspidiconus species have now been described from the Tropical Western Atlantic Region, with at least 25 others still in need of description. KEY WORDS Conilithidae, Jaspidiconus, Tropical Western Atlantic Region, Caribbean Molluscan Province, Bahamian Subprovince, Antillean Subprovince, Nicaraguan Subprovince, Jaspidiconus boriqua, Jaspidiconus culebranus, Jaspidiconus janapatriceae, Jaspidiconus marcusi, Jaspidiconus masinoi, Bahamas, Puerto Rico, Honduras. biogeographical provinces of the Tropical INTRODUCTION Western Atlantic Region (the Carolinian, Caribbean, and Brazilian Molluscan Provinces; The conilithid genus Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 see Petuch and Sargent, 2011; Petuch, Myers, is the single largest group of cone shells found and Berschauer, 2015). As in many conoideans, in the western Atlantic, containing 35 described most Jaspidiconus species exhibit direct species and at least 25 still-undescribed species. development and lack a long-lived The genus also represents the largest single planktotrophic veliger. Because of this lack of species radiation found within the family dispersibility (vagility) and the strong Conilithidae, rivalling other large species propensity for genetic isolation, most of the radiations seen in its sister family Conidae (such known taxa are restricted to single islands or as the Africonus species complex of the Cape single archipelagos, allowing for a proliferation Verde Islands (Berschauer, 2015)). This of endemic species (Berschauer, 2015). species-richness reflects the widespread biogeography of the genus, with several species Recently, three new Jaspidiconus species were complexes being restricted to the three brought to our attention by several renowned ISSN 0738-9388 173 Volume: 48 THE FESTIVUS ISSUE 3 shell collectors and divers, including Dr. Felix Jaspidiconus boriqua Petuch, Berschauer, and Lorenz (a new species from Grand Cayman Poremski, new species Island), Robert Masino (a new species from the (Figure 1A & B) Utila Cays, Honduras), and Marcus Coltro (a new species from Eleuthera Island, Bahamas). Description: Shell of average size for genus, One of the junior authors, André Poremski, also fusiform, biconic, with distinctly rounded sides; discovered two additional new species from spire high and elevated, pyramidal; shoulder Puerto Rico; one from the island mainland and sharply-angled, distinctly sloping, bordered by one from nearby Culebra Island. Altogether, prominent, overhanging undulating carina; five new species are described here and these carinal undulations proportionally large, attest to the amazing conoidean biodiversity of producing distinct coronations on shoulder and the Caribbean Molluscan Province. The new spire whorls; body whorl polished and shiny, taxa include: sculptured with 15 deeply-incised spiral sulci, which become deeper and more closely-packed Jaspidiconus boriqua new species (endemic to toward anterior end; areas between spiral sulci Puerto Rico) ornamented with single large, wide, raised Jaspidiconus culebranus new species (endemic pustulated cord; base shell color violet-purple to Culebra Island) (as in holotype), bright pink, or purplish-pink; Jaspidiconus janapatriceae new species base color overlaid with prominent large dark (endemic to Grand Cayman Island) reddish-brown longitudinally-arranged Jaspidiconus marcusi new species (endemic to amorphous flammules, often arranged in a zebra southern Eleuthera Island, Bahamas) pattern; evenly-spaced, tiny brown dots present Jaspidiconus masinoi new species (endemic to on raised body whorl cords; coronated shoulder the Utila Cays, Honduras) and carina marked with alternating dark brown and purplish-white spots, with brown spots The holotypes of the new species are deposited being present between each low knob; spire in the molluscan type collection of the whorls pale violet, marked with very prominent, Department of Malacology, Los Angeles widely-spaced dark brown amorphous County Museum of Natural History, Los flammules, which often connect to brown Angeles, California, and bear LACM numbers. longitudinal body whorl flammules; aperture wide and flaring, becoming wider toward SYSTEMATICS anterior end, cream-white within interior; protoconch proportionally large, rounded, Class Gastropoda composed of 2 whorls; protoconch and early Subclass Sorbeoconcha whorls white; periostracum smooth, pale yellow, Order Prosobranchia transparent. Infraorder Neogastropoda Superfamily Conoidea Type Material: Holotype: length 20.7 mm, on Family Conilithidae clean coral sand near reef, 3 m depth off Playa Subfamily Conilithinae Boqueron, Cabo Rojo, southwestern side of Genus Jaspidiconus Petuch, 2004 Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles, Caribbean Sea (collected by André Poremski), LACM 3351. Other Material Studied: length 21.5 mm, same locality and depth as the holotype, in the ISSN 0738-9388 174 Volume: 48 THE FESTIVUS ISSUE 3 research collection of E.J. Petuch; length 22.0 Jaspidiconus culebranus Petuch, Berschauer, mm, same locality and depth as the holotype, in and Poremski, new species the collection of André Poremski. (Figure 1C & D) Type Locality: Off Playa Boqueron, Cabo Rojo, Description: Shell of average size for genus, Puerto Rico, on clean carbonate sand in 3 m elongately fusiform, biconic, with slightly depth. rounded sides; shoulder sharply-angled, subcarinated; spire high and protracted, slightly Distribution: At present, known only from the stepped, pyramidal; body whorl smooth and southwestern coast of Puerto Rico, in the shiny, ornamented with 12-15 evenly-spaced vicinity of Cabo Rojo. incised spiral sulci, which become stronger and more closely-packed toward anterior end; entire Ecology: The new species prefers clean shell uniform pale cream-white or whitish- carbonate sand substrates near coral reefs and orange, becoming darker on spire whorls; sea grass beds in depths of 2-3 m. aperture proportionally wide, pale yellow-cream within interior; protoconch proportionally large, Etymology: Named for the “Boriquas”, the rounded, composed of 2 ½ whorls, pale cream- Arawak-based name to which native Puerto orange in color; periostracum thin, smooth, Ricans refer to themselves; in reference to the transparent yellow. new species being endemic to Puerto Rico. Named as a noun in apposition. Type Material: Holotype: length17.7 mm, in 4 m depth, within pockets of clean sand among Discussion: Of the known Caribbean Province Turtle Grass beds, near the municipal landfill on Jaspidiconus species, J. boriqua is most similar Culebra Island, off eastern Puerto Rico to the southern Caribbean Sea J. jaspideus (collected by André Poremski), LACM 3352. (Gmelin, 1791) from Trinidad and Tobago and Other Material Studied: length 16.9 mm, the northern Venezuelan islands (southern same locality and depth as the holotype, in the Grenadian Subprovince) and the coast of research collection of E.J. Petuch; length 16.4 Venezuela (Venezuelan Subprovince) (Petuch, mm, same locality as the holotype, in the 2013: 133, figure 9.4C). The new northern collection of André Poremski. Caribbean (Antillean Subprovince) species differs from its southern Caribbean (Grenadian Type Locality: 4 m depth, within pockets of and Venezuelan Subprovinces) congener in clean sand among Turtle Grass (Thalassia being a smaller, more slender, and more testudinum) beds, offshore of the municipal fusiform shell with more rounded sides, and in landfill, Culebra Island, northern Caribbean Sea. being a less sculptured shell that lacks the prominent large bead-like pustules seen on the Distribution: At present, known only from body whorl and spire of J. jaspideus. The new Culebra Island off the eastern coast of Puerto Puerto Rican cone is also a more colorful Rico. The species is apparently endemic to species, having a bright violet or pinkish-violet Culebra. base color and distinctive reddish-brown longitudinal flammules. Ecology: The new species prefers clean carbonate sand substrates, in 3-4 m depths, near Turtle Grass (Thalassia testudinum) beds. ISSN 0738-9388 175 Volume: 48 THE FESTIVUS ISSUE 3 Etymology: Named for the type locality, Felix Lorenz), LACM 3353. Other Material Culebra Island (“Snake Island” in Spanish). Studied: 2 specimens, lengths 15.5 mm and 16.2 mm, same locality and depth as the Discussion: In size, shape, and height of the holotype, in the research collection of E.J. spire, the new Culebra Island endemic is most Petuch; 2 specimens, lengths 15.7 mm and 16.0 similar to Jaspidiconus boriqua (described in mm, in the collection of André Poremski; and 1 the previous section),
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