DOCSLIB.ORG

Polar Shifts: the Changing Face of Exploration by Moki Kokoris

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Polar Shifts: the Changing Face of Exploration by Moki Kokoris Polar Shifts: The Changing Face of Exploration by Moki Kokoris umankind has explored the north and south extremes of our planet Hsince the days of Pytheas, who in 325 BC is believed to have made the first at- tempts to penetrate the Arctic Circle in his search to find a source of tin. As was the case in his day, dangerous oceans and life- threatening weather conditions still fetter ex- plorers in their efforts to reach polar regions by sledge, ski, boat, and foot. It is only the explorers themselves who know what drives them, but the unanswered question remains: TENGER Is it the journey that changes man, or is it S ERRY man who changes the journey? , J Not one person who has witnessed first- OUNDATION hand the majesty of these white environs, or F who has experienced the perils and hardships TEGER S whilst getting there, remains untouched and ILL © 2008 W Global Warming-101 Ellesmere Island Expedition Team American Polar Society unmoved. A shift in consciousness occurs as There is a noticeable trend occurring, the The American Polar Society was founded Nov. 29, 1934, to band together all persons interested in polar exploration. Membership dues a result of these highly personal endeavors. potential of which will hopefully grow ex- are $15 a year ($17, foreign) and entitle members to receive The Everything changes. Orientation changes. ponentially, touching even those who cannot Polar Times twice a year. The American Polar Society is classified as a tax exempt organization under Sec 501(C)3 of the IRS Code. For As new directions are sought, others are imagine themselves enduring the conditions more information about the American Polar Society, contact Kevin L. Bjella, APS Secretary, at 1.802.295.6881 or send email to kevin. found. One compass bearing often leads to and tribulations of polar exploration prop- [email protected]. another which is even more profound and er. Today, with the aid of modern technol- FOUNDER • August Howard PRESIDENT • John C. Behrendt, Ph.D. life-altering. This is the case in both literal ogy, any man, woman or child can partici- VICE PRESIDENTS and figurative terms. pate in these expeditions vicariously. There James Collinson, Ph.D. • Jeffery C. Rubin • Robert H. Rutford, Ph.D. Exploration inspired by fascination and is so much to learn from these experiences, SECRETARY • Kevin L. Bjella TREASURER • Capt. David E. Baker individual challenge has yielded many firsts, leaving the bone-chilling winds, cracking MEMBERSHIP CHAIR• Charles Lagerbom as the long list of accomplishments in the an- sea ice, white-outs, polar bear threats and BOARD OF GOVERNORS Peter J. Anderson • Billy-Ace Penguin Baker • Col. Peter Barretta nals of the Explorers Club will reveal. It is the accompanying discomforts out of the Sheldon Bart • Charles R. Bentley, Ph.D. • Lawson Brigham, Ph.D. in the physical discovery of new places, new equation. This leaves only the message be- Richard L. Chappell, Ph.D. • Walter H. Dodd • Donn K. Haglund, Ph.D. Charles R. Kremenak, D.D.S. • Michele E. Raney, M.D. heights, depths, civilizations ancient or thus ing conveyed, its lessons to be learned, as Mrs. Edith Ronne • Jeffery C. Rubin • Robert H. Rutford, Ph.D. Ms. Lynn Tipton-Everett • Capt. W. E. West far unknown, where explorers find exhilara- the ultimate metaphorical summit to be at- tion that provides the rest of us with another tained. All we as observers need do is listen window through which to view the richness and watch as today’s explorers try to show us of our world. These days, however, there is new courses we should follow. little left to explore as a complete unknown in Will Steger is one such explorer whose the conventional sense. We now delve deeper exploration objectives have shifted from new into the subjects that have already been un- discovery to education. Today he is leading covered. This is exciting in its own ways, an entirely new type of expedition, one into The Polar Times but what may be even more significant is the the realm of environmental stewardship. His January 2009, Vol. 3, No. 14 matter of what to do with the knowledge ex- past exploits are known to many, as his feats MANAGING EDITOR: Capt. Cliff Bekkedahl, USN (Ret.) 631.267.7646 • [email protected] plorers gain, its economic benefits aside. speak for themselves. The list of his most ARCTIC CONTRIBUTING EDITORS: Herbert Drury • Moki Kokoris significant dogsled expeditions includes: the [email protected] • [email protected] first dogsled journey to the North Pole with- ANTARCTIC EDITOR: Jeff Rubin About Our Front Cover 440.774.1373 • [email protected] out resupply (1986); the 1,600-mile south-to- CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Billy-Ace Penguin Baker, RMC, USN (Ret.) The Will Steger Global Warming-101 north traverse of Greenland, known to be the Peter Anderson longest unsupported dogsled expedition in Capt. Brian Shoemaker, USN (Ret.) Ellesmere Island Expedition, 2008. PRODUCTION EDITOR: Charlotte Sinclaire history (1988); the historic 3,471-mile Inter- © 2008 Will Steger Foundation, Sam 919.260.0031 • [email protected] national Trans-Antarctic Expedition, the first Branson CONTINUED ON PAGE 4 JAN 2009 The Polar Times — 3 The two most recent global-warming- focused expeditions were the one to Baffin Island in 2007 and the second to Ellesmere Island in 2008, both launched under the ap- propriately named “Global Warming 101” © 2008 W initiative. These two endeavors, with their dynamic web-based component, vivid ac- ILL S counts in archived video dispatches and sup- TEGER portive educational resource content, provid- F OUNDATION ed authentic eyewitness accounts of climate change in polar regions that will dramati- , S AM cally affect each of us and our environment. B RAN The goal was to nurture grassroots efforts S ON that lead to massive institutional reform and Will Steger technological innovation. So, it is directly from the front lines of global warming that “POLAR SHIFTS” CONT'D FROM PAGE 3 Will Steger is able to inspire, educate and AGAX dogsled traverse of Antarctica (1989-1990); empower people around the world to take ac- / S ARDY and the International Arctic Project, the first tion in finding global warming solutions. H UC L and only dogsled traverse of the Arctic Ocean What is perhaps most interesting is that © from Russia to Ellesmere Island in Canada the majority of Steger’s international team The Pax Arctica expedition, recognized as an (1995). His 45-plus years of polar travels members—young accomplished explorers official flag expedition, holding the Explorers Club flag over a crack in the Ward Hunt Island earned him many awards, themselves— Shelf among them the 2007 Life- The spot where they had are in their time Achievement Award t w e n t i e s , describes himself and his latest goal thusly: “I from National Geographic eaten their lunch only hours thereby set- am a nomad by nature. My attitude is—if you Adventure Magazine; the earlier had simply drifted ting a peer-to- don’t go, you don’t know—which at times National Geographic Soci- away right before their eyes…. peer example can be risky but more often rewarding. Travel ety’s prestigious John Oliver for their on- nourishes me. My life is privileged, and with La Gorce Medal for accom- line and iP- this blessing comes responsibility. The Pax plishments in geographic exploration, in the od-carrying audience. This new expedition Arctica Initiative was launched as a vehicle sciences and for public service to advance methodology has proven to be very effective for sharing these experiences with a large international understanding; and both the in mobilizing youth to get involved. public.” A member of the Explorers Club Lindbergh Award and Explorers Club Low- Another similar direction has been taken who has led several scientific expeditions in ell Thomas Award for his numerous polar by Luc Hardy, a French-American venture the polar regions, Luc is now also shifting his expeditions, deep understanding of the en- capitalist, entrepreneur, and adventurer who attention toward educational endeavors. vironment, and efforts to raise awareness of current environmental threats, especially cli- mate change. As a recognized authority on polar envi- ronmental issues and a ceaseless advocate for the Earth’s well-being, Steger has been invited to testify before the United States Congress, as well as act as advisor to many world leaders on issues of environmental protection. His pioneering work in adven- ture-based environmental education was pivotal as he founded the Global Center of Environmental Education at Hamline Uni- versity in St. Paul, Minnesota, and the World School for Adventure Learning at the Uni- ORTON H versity of St. Thomas in 1993. In 2006, he EN , B formed the Will Steger Foundation (WSF), with the mission of fostering leadership and OUNDATION cooperation in environmental education and F TEGER policy. The WSF uses polar expeditions to S ILL generate interest and awareness of the effects of global warming on the Arctic and Antarc- © 2008 W tic regions. Crossing meltwater with dog team 4 — The Polar Times Vol. 3, No. 14 captured just as the breakup was occurring. The spot where they had eaten their lunch only hours earlier had simply drifted away right before their eyes…. It is clear and heartening to see that through expeditions such as the ones led by both Will Steger and Luc Hardy, we are of- fered a unique view of the people and places at the tipping point of climate change. Pro- © 2008 W grams like these provide an international platform for furthering education, discus- ILL S TEGER sion, and civic engagement, as well as op- F portunities for public interaction with promi- OUNDATION nent policy makers, scientists, journalists , S and business leaders which are critical in ARA this process.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • {PDF EPUB} North to the Pole by Will Steger North to the Pole by Will Steger
    Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} North to the Pole by Will Steger North to the Pole by Will Steger. A formidable voice calling for understanding and the preservation of the Arctic, and the Earth, Will Steger is best known for his legendary polar explorations. He has traveled tens of thousands of miles by kayak and dogsled over 50 years, leading teams on some of the most significant polar expeditions in history. Expeditions Steger led the first confirmed dogsled journey to the North Pole without re-supply in 1986, the 1,600-mile south-north traverse of Greenland (the longest unsupported dogsled expedition in history) in 1988, and led the first dogsled traverse of Antarctica (the historic seven month, 3,741-mile International Trans-Antarctica Expedition) in 1989–90. Educator & Entrepreneur Will Steger is also an educator, author, entrepreneur and eyewitness to the effects of climate change. With his ability to blend extreme exploration and cutting-edge technology, Steger pioneered online education – reaching more than 20 million students via online daily journals and even delivering the first ever transmission of digital photography from the North Pole. Based on his unique eyewitness experience with climate change in the Polar Regions, he established Climate Generation: A Will Steger Legacy in 2006 (formerly Will Steger Foundation), a Minneapolis, MN based nonprofit that educates and empowers people to engage in solutions to climate change. Drawing on his knowledge as an expedition leader, Will Steger designed the Steger Wilderness Center in Ely, MN, dedicated to solving the problems of our age at a place that inspires clarity and break-through innovation.
    [Show full text]
  • Matthew Henson at the Top of the World Biography by Jim Haskins
    Before Reading Matthew Henson at the Top of the World Biography by Jim Haskins VIDEO TRAILER KEYWORD: HML6-808 Why attempt the IMPOSSIBLE? Sailing across the ocean. Taking a walk on the moon. Once, these things were thought to be impossible. Then someone had the RI 3 Analyze in detail how a courage to try what had never been done. In the following selection, key individual, event, or idea is introduced, illustrated, you will see how a young explorer’s determination helped him go and elaborated in a text. RI 4 Determine the meaning of where nobody had gone before. words and phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative meanings. L 4b Use affixes as WEB IT What do you want to accomplish in your lifetime? Write clues to the meaning of a word. down one of your biggest ambitions in the center of a word web like the one shown. Then brainstorm different things you could do to make that achievement possible. take astronomy classes study all I can about outer space read books Become an about space Astronaut visit NASA 808 808-809_NA_L06PE-u07s01-brWrld.indd 808 12/31/10 5:13:40 PM Meet the Author text analysis: biography A biography is the true account of a person’s life, written Jim Haskins by another person. No two writers are the same, so every 1941–2005 biography is unique—even if many are about the same Bringing History to Light person. Still, all biographies share a few characteristics. Jim Haskins attended a segregated school in his Alabama hometown.
    [Show full text]
  • Jean-Louis Etienne. Doctor, Explorer and Writer
    Jean-Louis Etienne. Doctor, explorer and writer Member of the Académie des Technologies - Officer of the Order of the Legion of Honour As a doctor specialising in sports biology and nutrition, Jean-Louis Etienne has taken part in numerous expeditions to the Himalayas, Greenland and Patagonia as well as crewing with Eric Tabarly for a round-the-world race aboard Pen Duick VI. In 1986 he became the first man to reach the North Pole solo overland, pulling his own sled for 63 days. Between July 1989 and March 1990, he was co-leader alongside American Will Steger of the international Transantarctica expedition, which used dog sleds to make the longest overland crossing of Antarctica ever accomplished: 6,300 km. Jean-Louis Etienne is also a totally committed environmentalist, and between 1990 and 1996 he led a number of education-oriented scientific expeditions to raise public awareness of the Polar regions and to learn more about their impact on the Earth’s climate and life forms. In 1991-92 he travelled in the polar sailing vessel Antarctica to Patagonia, South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula. Then in 1993-94 he led the Erebus expedition and in 1995-96 he wintered at Spitzbergen. In the spring of 2002, Jean-Louis Etienne undertook Mission Banquise (Sea-Ice Mission), drifting for three months on the sea ice around the North Pole in his Polar Observer capsule in order to carry our research and gather data on global warming. From December 2004 to April 2005, he led a team of researchers from the Natural History Museum, IRD and CNRS (the National Scientific Research Centre) to carry out a biodiversity inventory and assess the state of the marine environment around the French atoll of Clipperton in the Pacific.
    [Show full text]
  • Skiing to the Poles
    Skiing to the Poles richard weber The critical role of skis in 130 years of Arctic exploration and adventure. by Jeff blumenfeld gordon wiltsie In Part I of this two-part article, which n 1986, a 41-year-old Min- appeared in the November-December issue nesotan named Will Steger of Skiing History, author Jeff Blumen- launched his 56-day Steger feld explained how skis played a critical North Pole Expedition, fi- role in the Arctic and polar expeditions of nanced by cash and gear from the late 1800s and early 1900s. Part II looks Iover 60 companies. The expedition at the role of skis in modern-day expedi- would become the first confirmed, tions by explorers like Paul Schurke, Will non-mechanized and externally Steger and Richard Weber. unsupported dogsled and ski jour- Blumenfeld, an ISHA director, runs ney to the North Pole—suggesting Blumenfeld and Associates PR and Expe- that Robert E. Peary and Frederick Above: Lunch break during Will Steger’s ditionNews.com in Boulder, Colorado. Cook could indeed have reached Trans-Antarctica Expedition. Top of He is the recipient of the 2017 Bob Gillen the pole in 1909 using the same ba- page: Tessum Weber, Richard Weber’s Memorial Award from the North Ameri- sic equipment. son, crosses an ice bridge en route to the can Snowsports Journalists Association, Fast forward to spring 1989, North Pole in 2010. was nominated a Fellow of the Royal Geo- when Steger’s former co-leader graphic Society, and is chair of the Rocky to the North Pole, Paul Schurke, Mountain chapter of The Explorers Club.
    [Show full text]
  • South Georgia & the Falklands the Ultimate Wow
    ANTARCTICA PLUS SOUTH GEORGIA & THE FALKLANDS THE ULTIMATE WOW TRIFECTA TM ABOARD NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EXPLORER AND NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC ORION | 2018–20 TM Lindblad Expeditions and National Geographic have joined forces to further inspire the world through expedition travel. Our collaboration in exploration, research, technology and conservation will provide extraordinary travel expe- riences and disseminate geographic knowledge around the globe. DEAR TRAVELER, As you’ll see ahead, our 2019-21 Antarctica seasons provide remarkable opportunities—to explore the planet’s most remote, magisterial and little-known continent. A recent Financial Times article cited the fact that Antarctica “is visited by more than 35,000 tourists each year (many of whom never get off a boat).” That won’t happen to you. On our expeditions, unless you choose otherwise, you’ll get out there for personal, up-close encounters with beauty and wildness. Depending on your departure, you might set foot on a frozen ocean, kayak in a berg-ringed inlet, observe research scientists at work, achieve a record ‘furthest South’, or buy stamps from the most remote post office on Earth. On every departure, you’ll have the option to brave a polar plunge, and take your best photos ever with the assistance of a National Geographic photographer. And on select departures, you’ll have the opportunity to participate in Citizen Science. Our expert team will do whatever it takes to ensure you an unforgettable experience. To say the least, there’s never a dull moment. And because we’ve invested in having top videographers aboard to chronicle your adventure—you’ll go home with an amazing record.
    [Show full text]
  • Will Steger Foundation
    Will Steger Foundation Annual Report • 2006-2007 Table of Contents Our Vision 3 Our Background 4 Our Work 5 Our Results 14 Our Future 17 Milestones: 2006 - 2007 19 Media 20 Supporters 21 Staff and Contractor Profiles 23 Board Profiles 27 Donors 29 Financial Information 31 1 This past year and a half has been quite a journey for me, and for the Will Steger Foundation, an organization I knew I needed to create years ago. The organization has been a way to channel my vision and interest in education and policy into something that would be bigger than any effort I could do alone. From the beginning, we launched into fundraising, programming and the Global Warming 101 Initiative. The past year has provided us with a number of successes – I hope you take the time to read about our accomplishments in the pages that follow. The collective action of people and organizations is a key strategy to slow global warming. Our successful partnerships with government, media, science, education, industry, activist organizations, sponsors and suppliers demonstrate the enthusiasm our efforts have generated – from National Geographic, to the Minnesota Energy Challenge, to Shaklee Corporation and WCCO-TV. Our Founder Reflecting on our global warming expedition, it was an honor to travel with the Global Warming 101 Expedition team for three and a half months earlier this year, including in particular my three Inuit friends: Theo Ikummaq, Simon Qamanirq and Lukie Airut. They all are in their 50s and 60s and are some of the most respected men in their culture. Their communities are so proud of them for being part of the expedition and our global warming cause.
    [Show full text]
  • Polar Community Declaration
    Polar Exploration Community Declares Support for National Geographic Exposé on Colin O’Brady Forty-eight leading adventurers, including Will Steger, Conrad Anker and Jon Krakauer, release plea for truth and integrity in adventure. Generic photo of South Pole skier. Credit: Eric Philips/icetrek.com. Free for media to use in conjunction with articles about this press release and declaration February 28, 2020 — Forty-eight of the world’s leading polar explorers, guides and adventure specialists released a joint statement today declaring their support for the recent National Geographic article detailing Colin O’Brady’s false claims about his 2018 crossing of a portion of Antarctica. The in-depth article, published on February 3, quoted a variety of experts stating O’Brady misled the media and public about the nature, risk, difficulty, and historical significance of his highly publicized trek. “O’Brady and his exaggerated self-promotion was strongly and widely rejected by the polar community,” says Eric Philips, president of the International Polar Guides Association. “We’ve been grappling with how to set the record straight ever since and the National Geographic article aided our efforts and was greatly appreciated.” In late 2018, Oregon-based adventurer O'Brady completed a 932-mile journey in Antarctica he called “The Impossible First,” also the title of his recent bestselling book. While his expedition was an impressive personal success for someone with little polar experience, it did not measure up to the expeditions of truly pioneering polar explorers. O’Brady claims his feat was considered impossible, people had been trying to accomplish it for a century, a previous explorer died attempting it, and he was often beyond rescue.
    [Show full text]
  • The Critical Role of Skis in 130 Years of Arctic Exploration and Adventure
    Skiing to the Poles CHRISTOPHER MICHEL / FLICKR.COM The critical role of skis in 130 years of Arctic exploration and adventure. BY JEFF BLUMENFELD In Part I of this two-part article, author Jeff Blumenfeld Associates PR and ExpeditionNews.com in Boulder, explains how skis played a critical role in the early Arctic Colorado. He is the recipient of the 2017 Bob Gillen and polar expeditions of Fridtjof Nansen (Greenland, Memorial Award from the North American Snowsports 1888), Robert E. Peary and Frederick Cook (North Pole, Journalists Association, was nominated a Fellow of the 1909), Roald Amundsen and Robert F. Scott (South Pole, Royal Geographic Society, and is chair of the Rocky 1911 and 1912). In Part II, to be published in the January- Mountain chapter of The Explorers Club. No stranger to February 2018 issue of Skiing History, Blumenfeld will the polar regions, he’s been to Iceland more than 15 times, examine the use of skis in modern-day polar expeditions traveled on business 184 miles north of the Arctic Circle by Paul Schurke, Will Steger and Richard Weber. in Greenland, and chaperoned a high-school student trip Blumenfeld, an ISHA director, runs Blumenfeld and to the Antarctic Peninsula. 20 | November-December 2017 SKIING HISTORY hroughout the modern era of polar exploration, skis have played an in- valuable role in propel- ling explorers forward— Tsometimes with dogsled teams, sometimes without, and more re- cently, with kites to glide across the polar regions at speeds averaging 7 mph. Modern-day polar explorers including Eric Larsen, Paul Schurke, Will Steger and Richard Weber all continue to use skis today, taking a page right out of history.
    [Show full text]
  • Read Book Greenland/North Pole: ITM.1070 Ebook, Epub
    GREENLAND/NORTH POLE: ITM.1070 PDF, EPUB, EBOOK ITMB Publishing Ltd | none | 01 Mar 2013 | ITMB Publishing | 9781553418412 | English | Vancouver, Canada Greenland/North Pole: ITM.1070 PDF Book However, taking advantage of sea routes or resources at the North Pole is politically delicate. The newest and perhaps biggest impediment to North Pole expeditions is the lack of air service. Also, there's more open water now. At northern midsummer the North Pole is facing towards the sun to its maximum extent. This claim has not been relinquished, but was not consistently pressed until Information such as elevation, major transportation routes, and national parks are clearly displayed. The North Pole is at the center of the Northern Hemisphere. North Star Press. Thomas Nilsen. The possibility of an ice-free trade route between Europe, North America, and Asia makes the North Pole an economically valuable territory. Larger marine mammal s, such as narwhal whales, are much more rare. All forums. Houghton, Mifflin. Plus there are more ice formations. It has been in dispute ever since. True North. Retrieved 16 February On 17 August the Soviet nuclear-powered icebreaker Arktika completed the first surface vessel journey to the North Pole. Larsen Cowper. Lol, indeed Toronto is a fair bit south of where you want to be… by about 43 Degrees Latitude or close to half the distance between the North Pole and the Equator According to purists, the preferred expedition style is completely human powered, unsupported, and unassisted, meaning no air-dropped supplies or external aids such as dogs, kites, or motorized vehicles, which increase speed and lessen the load.
    [Show full text]
  • The WWF Arctic Tent: Nytorv December 5Th-17Th 2009
    The WWF Arctic Tent: Nytorv December 5th-17th 2009 The WWF Arctic Tent is an opportunity for the people of Copenhagen and delegates to the COP to get a taste of the Arctic, a region of the world that is being affected faster and more severely by climate change than almost anywhere else on earth. The message from the Arctic is that it is urgent for a new climate deal to be hammered out in Copenhagen, a deal which will save the Arctic from the turmoil of total ecosystemic change. This theme will be taken up in different ways on different days including by scientists, youth, Indigenous peoples, political leaders, artists, and adventurers. The full programme is attached, and you can also access video, photos, and more at our website, www.panda.org/arctic Day Event Saturday, Opening December 5th Bear in the square: Ice bear with bronze skeleton made by 13:45-16:00 renowned sculptor Mark Coreth. He is internationally known as a master sculptor of animals in motion. He has always drawn his inspiration from direct encounters with life in the wild, a passion that has taken him from the mountains of Ladakh, to Rajasthan, the African plains, the Falklands and now the Arctic. Since 1986 he has regularly held exhibitions at the Sladmore Contemporary Gallery in London. His most recent exhibition, 'Serengeti', was held at the Sladmore in November 2008. Mark's specially commissioned work includes a flying albatross for the Falklands Memorial Chapel, a large figure for the opening of the Globe Theatre, and the monumental Millennium sculpture, 'The Waterhole', outside the Natural History Museum in London, which incorporates over fifty animals.
    [Show full text]
  • You Are My Wife!" "Good-Bye City Life!": Mrs
    Denise Heap "You Are My Wife!" "Good-bye City Life!": Mrs. Philomena Orford and Mrs. Tom Manning Journey North Traditionally, a woman married to a professional man whose work entailed travel—diplomats, colonial officers, missionaries, explorers, and the like—found herself literally transported by the exigencies of her husband's occupation. Once abroad, she was expected to perform supportive roles in public and in private, such as attending official func- tions, entertaining colleagues, providing domestic enclaves with emotional and sexual companionship, and/or participating directly in her husband's work. As a version of what sociologist Hilary Callan classifies as the "incor- porated wife," her identity was "an intimate function of her husband's occu- pational identity and culture" (9). The incorporated wife appears in a number of travel books by well-known Canadian women writers, including Margaret Laurence's The Prophet's Camel Bell (1963) and P.K. Page's Brazilian Journal (1987). The travel writers and texts under consideration here, however, are now largely unknown. Journey North (1957) chronicles Philomena Orford's 1936-1940 residency on Baffin Island with her husband and three daughters, while Mrs. Tom (Ella Wallace) Manning's Arctic pere- grinations with her husband during the 1930s are described in Igloo for the Night (1943; 1946). The authors of these well-written, humorous, and engag- ing narratives represent a small subgroup that has so far been neglected by the recent flurry of critical and historical analyses of narratives about the Canadian Arctic and sub-Arctic. Studies have concentrated on narratives by male explorers and adventurers (see Armitage; Belyea; Christopher; Greenfield; Harrison; Home; Hunt; Krans; MacLaren; Venema; West) and, 50 Canadian Literature 174 /Autumn 2002 more recently, female explorers and adventurers (see Grace; Laframboise; Smyth; Goldman).
    [Show full text]
  • Polar Expedition Resources and Useful Websites
    Edited by Rachel Duncan 4th Edition ISBN 0-907649-91-2 London 2003 Published by the RGS-IBG Expedition Advisory Centre Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) 1 Kensington Gore London SW7 2AR Tel: 020 7591 3030 Fax: 020 7591 3031 [email protected] www.rgs.org/eac Front cover image: © Stephen Jones, North Pole Last Degree Expedition 1999. CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................... INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1. THE POLAR ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................. 6 1.1 Definition of the polar regions ........................................................................................... 1.2 Special aspects of the polar regions ................................................................................... 1.3 Common climatic features ................................................................................................. 1.4 Climatic differences ........................................................................................................... 2. PLANNING ......................................................................................................... 12 2.1 Fact finding ........................................................................................................................ 2.2 Access, permits and paperwork.........................................................................................
    [Show full text]