The AIDS Epidemic at 20 Years: in the FIRST SIX MONTHS… SELECTED MILESTONES

Home , ACT UP, And the Band Played On, Larry Kramer, Mary Fisher (activist), Ryan White, World AIDS Day

THE HENRY J. KAISER FAMILY 2001 Number of U.S. AIDS cases Number of U.S. AIDS-related Estimated number of Estimated number of people Estimated number of FOUNDATION reported since the beginning deaths reported since the Americans living with living with HIV/AIDS globally cumulative AIDS-related of the epidemic beginning of the epidemic HIV/AIDS deaths throughout the world

2001 The AIDS Epidemic At 20 Years: IN THE FIRST SIX MONTHS… SELECTED MILESTONES

Major Sources Menlo Park, CA On June 5, 1981, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued its 2400 Sand Hill Road African American AIDS Policy and Training Institute, The NIA first warning about a relatively rare form of pneumonia among a small group of Menlo Park, CA 94025 Plan, 1999; AIDS Memorial Quilt History, www.aidsquilt.com; young gay men in Los Angeles, which was later determined to be AIDS-related. 650 854-9400 tel AIDS Project Los Angeles, APLA History, www.apla.org; AIDS-Arts 650 854-4800 fax Timeline, www.ArtistswithAIDS.org; American Foundation for AIDS Over the past 20 years, there have been many milestones in the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Research (amfAR); Arno, P. and Frieden, K., Against the Odds: Each of us has our own history that no single set of milestones can adequately The Story of AIDS Drug Development, Politics, and Profits, Washington, DC reflect. Yet, certain events stand out. They captured public attention, causing the Harper Collins: New York, 1992; Being Alive Los Angeles; Global 1450 G Street NW Health Council; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS Suite 250 nation – and indeed the world – to stop and take notice. Some marked incredible 753,907 438,795 (UNAIDS); National Association of People with AIDS, History Washington, DC 20005 displays of courage, anger and commitment. Others were more somber, including 202 347-5270 tel of NAPWA, www.napwa.org; NYTimes.com Library, AIDS Index, the loss of so many public figures. Still others highlight an unfinished scientific 202 347-5274 fax www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/aids/aids-index.html; agenda, and the ongoing challenge of creating policies and programs to both Smith, R. (ed.), Encyclopedia of AIDS: A Social, Political, 36,100,000 21,800,000 prevent new infections and assist those living with HIV/AIDS. Cultural, and Scientific Record of the Epidemic, Fitzroy www.kff.org Dearborn Publishers: Chicago and London, 1998; University Newly appointed Secretary of State Colin Powell At the 20-year mark, we stop for a moment to remember these public milestones, of California San Francisco, AIDS History Project; United Nations reaffirms U.S. statement that HIV/AIDS presents a General Assembly; U.S. Department of Health and Human as well as the many more personal memories of what it has meant to live through national security threat. Services – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Food the epidemic. We do so not only to remember, but also to inform America’s future and Drug Administration, Health Resources and Services response to AIDS, both domestically and globally. Generic drug manufacturers offer to produce Administration, National Institutes of Health; Whitman-Walker Clinic, 20 and 25 Year Anniversary Timelines. And personal discounted, generic forms of HIV/AIDS drugs;

800,000 – 900,000 communication with: David Barr, Pat Christen, Chris Collins, several major pharmaceutical manufacturers agree Fred Dillon, Anne Donnelly, Robert Greenwald, Steven Johnson, to offer further reduced drug prices in developing Miguelina Ileana León, Jeff Levi, Mary Lucey, David Munar, countries. Scott Sanders, Jane Silver, Gustavo Suarez, Richard Sorian, Tom Sheridan, Susan Wolfson. At ﬁrst ever African Heads of State meeting on Prepared by: Regina Aragón, Health Policy & Communications AIDS in Abuja, Nigeria, UN Secretary-General Koﬁ Consultant, and Jennifer Kates, Kaiser Family Foundation. Annan calls for a global fund to respond to AIDS in the developing world.

Additional free copies of this publication (#3027) are available United Nations General Assembly convenes on the Kaiser Family Foundation website, www.kff.org, special session on AIDS… or by calling our publication request line at 800 656-4533.

DESIGN: WORDS PICTURES IDEAS, LLC; SAN CA; FRANCISCO, WWW.WPIWEB.COM June 2001 #3027 THE HENRY J. KAISER FAMILY 2001 Number of U.S. AIDS cases Number of U.S. AIDS-related Estimated number of Estimated number of people Estimated number of FOUNDATION reported since the beginning deaths reported since the Americans living with living with HIV/AIDS globally cumulative AIDS-related of the epidemic beginning of the epidemic HIV/AIDS deaths throughout the world

2001 The AIDS Epidemic At 20 Years: IN THE FIRST SIX MONTHS… SELECTED MILESTONES

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Over Act. names HIV HIV AIDS $738.5 AIDS -positive. research, urine HIV 50 AIDS IAVI Con- cases cities home ) HIV off-label uses of drugs. of uses off-label about information of nation dissemi- allowing and process, approval accelerated codifying Modernization Act of Act Modernization in vaccine effective an finding of goal announces PresidentClinton therapy.combination of advent the to due largely year,prior the to compared U.S. AIDS Congress enacts the enacts Congress Center. VaccineBumpers Research Betty and Dale of creation decline by more than more by decline -related deaths in the in deaths -related 10 years and the and years FDA 1997 40% , The disparities. health ethnic racial address to efforts General Surgeon with covers those in earlier stages of stages earlier in those covers Act Disabilities with Americans v.Bragdon Abbot ( Caucus Black Congressional (Phase trials human scale large First adults. in therapy antiretroviral of use the for lines emergency; Congress approves emergency;Congress health public declare to Shalala because of because community American African the in emergency” of “state a declare leaders American African HIV HIV/AIDS $156 1998 DHHS DHHS to the to route en crash plane a in killed are Clements-Mann Lou Mary and Mann Jonathan activists Global Hemophilia Relief Fund Act of FundReliefAct Hemophilia Ray Ricky the enacts Congress purposes. such for funds federal of use on ban the lift not does administration Clinton but drugs, illegal of use the encourage not do and effective are programs exchange needle that mines munity because of because munity com- American African the in emergency” of “state a declare leaders American African from effects side and failure treatment of signs growing indicate reports several optimism, earlier Despite begin. between agents blood-clotting unscreened through infected hemophiliacs CBC disease, not just not disease, U.S. ) calls on calls ) , authorizing payments to payments authorizing , HAART ilo o h Minority the for million Secretary Shalala deter- Shalala Secretary issues first national guide- national first issues WHO AIDS III 1982 Supreme Court in Court Supreme ) for an for ) Initiative, coinciding Initiative, AIDS . in Geneva. in and human rights human and DHHS and . HIV rules that the that rules 1987 Secretary AIDS vaccine Satcher’s and . AIDS . . of impact on hearing Congressional convenes Institute, Caucus Hispanic Congressional the with Caucus, Hispanic Congressional Initiative. Prevention, dies of Prevention,dies TaskNational the Forceon of founder Williams,Reggie U.S. in Fighting an Epidemic ( Epidemic an Fighting in Investment and Leadership the through pandemic global for HIV/AIDS announces new funding new announces on Latino community.Latino on AIDS . LIFE AIDS ) ever Presidential Envoy for PresidentialEnvoy ever first creates President Clinton whites. among those exceed cases Latino and American African men, with sex have who men data for 2000 are through June 2000 June through are 2000 for data AIDS the Silence,” the “Break slogan, the Under DHHS Cooperation. for million 2000 Tuberculosisof and Act Relief approves and time second the for Act UNAIDS U.S. against vaccines of distribution and ment develop- for incentives creating VaccineInitiative, Millennium announces PresidentClinton CDC Congress enacts the Global the enacts Congress program. the for declare International first the is Africa South generic forms of forms generic producing or importing in tries coun- developing assist to Order Executive issues PresidentClinton ness of the global pandemic. global the of ness aware- heighten to serves and nation, developing a in held Congress reauthorizes Congress countries. for prices reduced negotiate to manufacturers pharmaceutical major five with initiative joint announce groups health global new clients in April in clients new enroll to state first becomes Massachusetts and year this later approved also Columbia of District and Massachusetts for people with people for waiver expansion Medicaid AIDS and reports that, among that, reports , authorizing up to up authorizing , Conference in Durban, in Conference approves first state first approves HIV/AIDS , HIV,TB drugs in developing in drugs WHO UN $1.8 U.S. Security Councils Security AIDS 13 billion in funding in billion and other and global efforts. global and malaria. and HIV th International th a security threat. security a HIV Conference 2001 in Maine; in treatments. CARE $600 . AIDS AIDS THE HENRY J. KAISER FAMILY 2001 Number of U.S. AIDS cases Number of U.S. AIDS-related Estimated number of Estimated number of people Estimated number of FOUNDATION reported since the beginning deaths reported since the Americans living with living with HIV/AIDS globally cumulative AIDS-related of the epidemic beginning of the epidemic HIV/AIDS deaths throughout the world

2001 The AIDS Epidemic At 20 Years: IN THE FIRST SIX MONTHS… SELECTED MILESTONES

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