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Secure Data Sharing Using Visual Cryptography International Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. ISSN 1819-4966 Volume 12, Number 1 (2017) © Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com SECURE DATA SHARING USING VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY V.Vaishnavi1, B.Shanthi2 and S. Sophia Rani3 1,2 Dept of Computer Science, Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women (autonomous), Periyakulam, Theni (Dt) 3Assistant Professor, Dept. of Computer Science Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women(Autonomous), Periyakulam, Theni(Dt) ABSTRACT The Secure Data Sharing Using Visual Cryptography Scheme is a kind of secret sharing scheme that fixates on sharing secret data. The fundamental conception of the visual cryptography scheme is to split a secret data into number of desultory shares which discretely reveals no information about the secret data other than the size of the secret data. The AES algorithm used for secret key .The secret data can be reconstructed by stacking the portions. In the multimedia steganocryptic system, the message will first be encrypted utilizing public key encryption algorithm, and then this encrypted data will be obnubilated into an image file thus accomplishing both data encoding and obnubilating. The multimedia data will be acclimated to provide the cover for the information. Visual steganography is one of the most secure forms of steganography available today. It is most commonly implemented in image files. In this application concept of visual cryptography is the legal distribution of multimedia contents with copyright protection whilst preserving the privacy of user, whose identities are only revealed in case of illegal re-distribution. This application to apply sharing of single secrete data and multiple secrete data on ebony and white as well as on colour images but withal a comparative analysis on visual cryptography schemes is with all performed. Keywords: Secure data sharing, steganography, visual cryptography I. INTRODUCTION In today’s information age, information sharing and transfer has incremented exponentially. The threat of an intruder accessing secret information has been an ever subsisting concern for the data communication experts. Cryptography and steganography are the most widely used techniques to surmount this threat. Cryptography involves converting a message text into an unreadable cipher. On the other hand, steganography embeds message into a cover media and obnubilated its subsistence. Both these techniques provide some security of data neither of them alone is secure enough for sharing information over an unsecure communication channel and are vulnerably susceptible to intruder attacks. Albeit these techniques are often cumulated together to achieve higher calibres of security but still there is a desideratum of a highly secure system to transfer information over any communication media minimizing the threat of intrusion. Visual cryptography is the art of encrypting information such as handwritten text, images etc. in such a way that the decryption is possible without any mathematical computations and human visual system is sufficient to decrypt the information. The individuals who do not have cognizance of cryptography are indirectly getting involved in decryption. The major drawback found in this scheme is that visually blind people cannot make utilization of this technique as we perform the encryption by making the quota and person who perform the encryption those people only able to find the exact shares for performing the decryption. II. RELATED WORK 605 International Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. ISSN 1819-4966 Volume 12, Number 1 (2017) © Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Visual cryptography enrooted by M. Naor and A. Shamir, and they described general (p,n) VCS. When shares are merged using OR/XOR operation, grayed secret image recovered. Fig1. Shares used by Naor and Shamir in (2, 2) VCS They designed (2,2) VCS using 4 subpixels, it means one pixel of original image provokes 4 subpixels in each share. Hence share size is 4 times as original. Here are some induced share for their (2,2) scheme[5][9] Tai-wen Yue and Chian[13] introduces a modified scheme in which the share dimension is twice of riginal in horizontal direction while remains same in vertical direction. Its contrast is same as Naor and Shamir 2 out of 2 schemes Fig2. Shares used by Tai-wen and Suchen Chian [8] D. Jena and S. K. Jena proposed data hiding in halftone images using conjugate ordered dithering DHCOD)[5]. They considered security of shares [5] in visual cryptography. Firstly, shares are generated using basic scheme. Then these shares are watermarked [5] with some cover image using DHCOD [5]. The decryption is made by human visual system. Abhisek Parakh and Subhas Kak proposed a (2, 3) VCS based on recursive hiding scheme [1],[12]. All the above mentioned schemes increase the size of shares and loss visual fidelity. III. MATERIALS AND METHODS Visual cryptography is a cryptographic technique where visual information (Image, text, etc) gets encrypted in such a way that the decryption can be performed by the human visual system without avail of computers. Proposed an authentication system for online payment utilizing both visual cryptography which averted form identity larceny. Authentication 606 International Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. ISSN 1819-4966 Volume 12, Number 1 (2017) © Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com The Authentication Server (AS) functions as any AS would with a few additional behaviors added to the typical client-authentication protocol. The first addition is the sending of the client authentication information to the masquerading router. The AS in this model also functions as a ticketing authority, controlling permissions on the application network. The other optional function that should be supported by the AS is the updating of client lists, causing a reduction in authentication time or even the removal of the client as a valid client depending upon the request. User The proposed system can be deployed and managed by any of the three parties mentioned in the previous section: content owners, hosting sites, or service providers. Distributed Index: Maintains signatures of objects that need to be protected; Reference Registration: Creates signatures from objects that content owners are interested in protecting, and inserts them in the distributed index; Query Preparation: Creates signatures from objects downloaded from online sites, which are called query signatures. It then uploads these signatures to a common storage; Object Matching: Compares query signatures versus reference signatures in the distributed index to find potential copies. It also sends notifications to content owners if copies are found; Parallel Crawling: Downloads multimedia objects from various online hosting sites. The Distributed Index and Object Matching components form what we call the Matching Engine. The second and third components deal with signature creation. For the Crawling component, we designed and implemented a parallel crawler and used it to download videos from YouTube. The details of the crawler are omitted due to space limitations. Monitor Proxies are not trusted and the fragments sent through them shall be encrypted in such a way that only the sender and the recipient have access to their clear text. Malicious proxies may also try to cheat by reporting false segments (or not reporting them at all) to the transaction monitor. Tracing authority In case of illegal re-distribution, it participates in the tracing protocol that is used to identify the illegal re-distributor(s). Proposed System, Visual Cryptography (VC), technique predicated on visual secret sharing utilized for image encryption. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption obviates the interception of consumer information in transit between the consumer and the online merchant. In this paper, an incipient method is proposed, that utilizes text predicated steganography and visual cryptography, which minimizes information sharing between consumer and online merchant.VCS is a cryptographic technique that sanctions for the encryption of visual information such that decryption can be performed utilizing the human visual system. For phishing detection and obviation, we are proposing an incipient methodology to detect the phishing website. Our methodology is predicated on the Anti- Phishing Image Captcha validation scheme utilizing visual cryptography. It averts password and other confidential information from the phishing websites. Cryptographic technique :( 2, 2) - Threshold VCS scheme,(n, n) -Threshold VCS scheme, (k, n) Threshold VCS scheme are utilized in this proposed system. 607 International Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. ISSN 1819-4966 Volume 12, Number 1 (2017) © Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Advantages of Proposed System Our methodology is based on the Anti-Phishing Image Captcha validation scheme using visual cryptography. It prevents password and other confidential information from the phishing websites. For phishing detection and prevention, we are proposing a new methodology to detect the phishing website. IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION System implementation involves creating or acquiring the various system components such as software, hardware, and database etc., defined in the design step, assembling then and putting the new system into operation. The primary goal of system implementation is development of source code that is easy to read
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