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Civil War Generals Buried in Spring Grove Cemetery by James Barnett
Spring Grove Cemetery, once characterized as blending "the elegance of a park with the pensive beauty of a burial-place," is the final resting- place of forty Cincinnatians who were generals during the Civil War. Forty For the Union: Civil War Generals Buried in Spring Grove Cemetery by James Barnett f the forty Civil War generals who are buried in Spring Grove Cemetery, twenty-three had advanced from no military experience whatsoever to attain the highest rank in the Union Army. This remarkable feat underscores the nature of the Northern army that suppressed the rebellion of the Confed- erate states during the years 1861 to 1865. Initially, it was a force of "inspired volunteers" rather than a standing army in the European tradition. Only seven of these forty leaders were graduates of West Point: Jacob Ammen, Joshua H. Bates, Sidney Burbank, Kenner Garrard, Joseph Hooker, Alexander McCook, and Godfrey Weitzel. Four of these seven —Burbank, Garrard, Mc- Cook, and Weitzel —were in the regular army at the outbreak of the war; the other three volunteered when the war started. Only four of the forty generals had ever been in combat before: William H. Lytle, August Moor, and Joseph Hooker served in the Mexican War, and William H. Baldwin fought under Giuseppe Garibaldi in the Italian civil war. This lack of professional soldiers did not come about by chance. When the Constitutional Convention met in Philadelphia in 1787, its delegates, who possessed a vast knowledge of European history, were determined not to create a legal basis for a standing army. The founding fathers believed that the stand- ing armies belonging to royalty were responsible for the endless bloody wars that plagued Europe. -
H) CAN MAKE THIS MARCH and MAKE
285 23 85 T S RD STONE MOUNTAIN L1 Y S E D R T OXFORD L P BLU C S E O Beginning of Left Wing AR S SW E K PRINGS RD M S NGS W M A SWORDS RI I IL SP N SOULE ST L BLUE SPRINGS DR R 75 S A D FRAC LUE l ORIAL D T T B c M R I Stone Mountain 78 o ME R D RD ON v E FOR S L11 L1 y E X B C O L3 O R T O NO access TT i T L1 v O O S M e K to I-20 r P S ATLANTA L CLARK ST 20 R A Monroe D L R 20 285 R D U K OCKBR H S Exit #41 R IDGE RD M I 81 L G I H DECATUR EOR 138 A L N I G D R I R D I A S A L5 N Y T 278 O 23 e C N R ll R AIL o E 81 R w E SWORDS O Ri L6 K 42 A ver Jersey www.gcwht.org Lithonia D 20 OLD ATLANTA HWY NO access NO access L2 285 CONYERS SOCIAL CIRCLE to I-20 to I-20 L7 129 15 L4 675 Oxford Rutledge L3 L9 MADISON GE h) CAN MAKE THIS MARCH 138 278 O R 85 COVINGTON L4 G 278 L10 I A R AIL R AND MAKE 'EORGIA HOWLv Stockbridge OAD 20 138 -W.T. Sherman to U.S. -
Gettysburg: Three Days of Glory Study Guide
GETTYSBURG: THREE DAYS OF GLORY STUDY GUIDE CONFEDERATE AND UNION ORDERS OF BATTLE ABBREVIATIONS MILITARY RANK MG = Major General BG = Brigadier General Col = Colonel Ltc = Lieutenant Colonel Maj = Major Cpt = Captain Lt = Lieutenant Sgt = Sergeant CASUALTY DESIGNATION (w) = wounded (mw) = mortally wounded (k) = killed in action (c) = captured ARMY OF THE POTOMAC MG George G. Meade, Commanding GENERAL STAFF: (Selected Members) Chief of Staff: MG Daniel Butterfield Chief Quartermaster: BG Rufus Ingalls Chief of Artillery: BG Henry J. Hunt Medical Director: Maj Jonathan Letterman Chief of Engineers: BG Gouverneur K. Warren I CORPS MG John F. Reynolds (k) MG Abner Doubleday MG John Newton First Division - BG James S. Wadsworth 1st Brigade - BG Solomon Meredith (w) Col William W. Robinson 2nd Brigade - BG Lysander Cutler Second Division - BG John C. Robinson 1st Brigade - BG Gabriel R. Paul (w), Col Samuel H. Leonard (w), Col Adrian R. Root (w&c), Col Richard Coulter (w), Col Peter Lyle, Col Richard Coulter 2nd Brigade - BG Henry Baxter Third Division - MG Abner Doubleday, BG Thomas A. Rowley Gettysburg: Three Days of Glory Study Guide Page 1 1st Brigade - Col Chapman Biddle, BG Thomas A. Rowley, Col Chapman Biddle 2nd Brigade - Col Roy Stone (w), Col Langhorne Wister (w). Col Edmund L. Dana 3rd Brigade - BG George J. Stannard (w), Col Francis V. Randall Artillery Brigade - Col Charles S. Wainwright II CORPS MG Winfield S. Hancock (w) BG John Gibbon BG William Hays First Division - BG John C. Caldwell 1st Brigade - Col Edward E. Cross (mw), Col H. Boyd McKeen 2nd Brigade - Col Patrick Kelly 3rd Brigade - BG Samuel K. -
NW Corner of Mclean Street and Wood Avenue
Haller (Carlson) Home Haller Koch Store (Schneider Tavern) Wood Avenue north of McLean Street NW Corner of McLean Street and Wood Avenue 1860. Engelbert Haller builds his home at the NE corner of McLean Street and Wood Avenue. 1862. Engelbert Haller and Kasper Koch purchase land on the NW corner of McLean Street and Wood Avenue to build a store and saloon business. Israel Garrard Jeptha Garrard Kenner Garrard Nathaniel McLean 1822–1901 1836 – 1915 1827 – 1879 1815-1905 1865. Israel, Jeptha, and Kenner Garrard and their step brother Nathaniel McLean return from the Civil War. The Union Army awarded Israel, Jeptha, and Nathaniel the rank of Brigadier General and Kenner, a West Point graduate, was a Major General. Israel served with the 7th Ohio Volunteer Calvary and was on the Atlanta campaign with Sherman and at the battle of Nashville. After graduating from West Point in 1851, Kenner spent 10 years with the US Calvary in the southwest territories and, during the Civil War, led troops at Gettysburg, Atlanta, and Nashville. Kenner, a career soldier, spent little time in Frontenac and died at the age of 52. Lewis Garrard remained in Frontenac during the Civil War due to his health and managed the family’s Frontenac interests. The Garrard brothers are the grandsons of James Garrard, the 2nd Governor of Kentucky for which Garrard County Kentucky is named and the grandsons of Israel Ludlow, a surveyor who owned much of what is now Cincinnati, OH and for which Ludlow, Kentucky is named. Ludlow is in Florence County, Kentucky across the Ohio River from Cincinnati, OH. -
Memorandum of Law in Support of Changes to Stone Mountain Park
Memorandum of Law in Support of Changes to Stone Mountain Park To: Whom It May Concern From: Stone Mountain Action Coalition Date: October 15, 2020 During public discourse regarding the legal entanglement between the Confederacy and Stone Mountain Park (the “Park”), some have argued that the Stone Mountain Memorial Association (“SMMA” or the “Board”) is powerless to make changes to the Park, claiming that the Board’s “hands are tied by the law.” To the contrary, the Board has discretion to make changes under current Georgia state law. Indeed, all boards created by law have discretion. Absent discretion, such entities would be powerless to take actions pursuant to their statutory mandates. Here, that discretion is front and center, listed in the code among the three primary purposes of the SMMA: (1) To preserve the natural areas situated within the Stone Mountain Park area; (2) To provide access to Stone Mountain for Georgia's citizens; and (3) To maintain an appropriate and suitable memorial for the Confederacy. See O.C.G.A. § 12-3-192.1 (emphasis added) (the complete “Stone Mountain Memorial Act,” O.C.G.A. § 12-3-190, et seq. is attached as Exhibit “A”). Thus, the General Assembly explicitly granted the Board discretion as to what is an “appropriate and suitable” memorial to the Confederacy. Page 1 of 11 I. THE STONE MOUNTAIN MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION IS PERMITTED UNDER GEORGIA STATE LAW TO MAKE CHANGES TO STONE MOUNTAIN PARK. A. The history of Stone Mountain Park and the SMMA underscores the urgent need to make changes at the Park. -
The War Comes to Atlanta
The War Comes to Atlanta http://civilwar150.longwood.edu The week of July 20 to 26, 1864, was a very eventful week for the Confederate and Union troops. This week includes the Battle of Peachtree Creek, the Battle of Atlanta, the second Battle of Kernstown, and the beginning of Stoneman’s Raid in Georgia. All of these events took place in Georgia. During the Battle of Peachtree Creek on July 20, 1864, the fighting started when George Thomas crossed the Peachtree Creek with the Union army heading in Atlanta’s direction. When Hood caught wind of this, he started to organize his army to attack. The Confederates attacked but the Union army held them off. Another skirmish during the day occurred at Leggett’s Hill. There was also fighting in the Shenandoah, where the Union troops tried to drive the Confederates out of the Valley of Virginia. There were engagements at Stephenson’s Depot but the bulk of the Confederate army pulled out and marched towards Strasburg. There were also skirmishes in Tennessee, Missouri and in Idaho Territory. On Thursday, July 21, 1864, the Union troops moved for Atlanta. Sherman’s army had the place surrounded as they prepared to fight. The Union troops took Leggett’s Hill despite Cleburne’s heroic attempts to defend it. On Friday, July 22, 1864, the famed Battle of Atlanta took place. When the Confederates arrived, William Hardee’s men hit the flank of McPherson’s men before getting to Atlanta. They were able to stall McPherson’s advance. McPherson’s line was reinforced where Hardee was attacking. -
Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District
NFS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018 (Expires 1-31-2009) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Name of Property County and State Section number ____ Page ____ Name of multiple property listing (if applicable) SUPPLEMENTARY LISTING RECORD NRIS Reference Number: 06000940 Date Listed: October 19, 2006 Property Name: Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District County: Jefferson State: Alabama Civil Rights in Birmingham. Alabama. 1933-1979 Multiple Name This property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places in accordance with the attached nomination documentation subject to the following exceptions, exclusions, or amendments, notwithstanding the National Park Service certification included in the nomination documentation. October 19. 2006 Signature of the Keeper Date of Action Amended Items in Nomination: Section 8. Statement of Significance The period of significance is hereby changed to 1956-1963. Section 10. Geographical Data The following is hereby added as the verbal boundary justification for the property: The boundaries of the district encompass the resources determined to have been significant in Civil Rights organizing and protests in downtown Birmingham between 1956 and 1963. [This change was made in consultation with and approved by the National Register staff of the Alabama SHPO.] The Alabama State Historic Preservation Office was notified of this amendment. DISTRIBUTION: National Register property file Nominating Authority (without nomination attachment) form lu-yuu UMtJ [NO. 1UUZ4-UU15 (Oct. 1990) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. Name of Property historic name Birmingham Civil Rights Historic District other names/site number N/A 2. -
VOL. 1879 Tenth Annual Reunion of the Association of the Graduates of the United States Military Academy, at West Point, New
TENTH ANNUAL REUNION OF THE SSOCIATION OF THE 5PADUATT OF THIlE Unit(d Sti ls M] tiraAdoilel, AT WESTr OIvT, JV WT YORIlK. JUNE 12, 1879. tesw ^,S5ork: D. VAN NOSTRAND, PUBLISHER, 23 MURRAY AND 27 WARREN ST. 1879. ANNUAL REUNION JUNE 12, 1879. MINUTES OF THE BUSINESS MEETING. WEST POINT, N. Y., June 12, 1879. The Association met in the Chapel of the United States Military Academy, and was called to order by General George W. Cullum, Chairman of the Executive Committee. Prayer was offered by the Rev. Dr. John Forsyth, Chaplain of the Military Academy. The roll was then called by the Secretary. ROLL OF MEMBERS. Those present are indicated by a ", and those deceased in italics. CLASS. CLASS. i808 Sylvanus Thayer. HANNIBAL DAY. MC T 823 GEORGE H. CROSMAN. 1814 CHARLESI84S S. S. MERCHANT. EDMUND B.B.ALEXANDER. ALEXANDER. r Simon Willard. ennis an. I815 Thoames J. ese. I824 Robert P. Parrott. r J\vies'. \ -*JOHN M. FESSENDEN. lCharles Davies. Horaebste. 18 WASHINGTON SEAWELL. (Horace Webster. T825 N. SAYRE HARRIS. 8 i8 H8arvey Brown. Hartman Bache. f WM. H. C. BARTLETT. EWRD. MANSFILD SAM'L P. HEINTZELMAN. EDWARD D. MANSFIELD. r enry Bewerton. I826 AUG'ST'SA J.J PLEASONTON.,PL ONON. ienry BrerEDWIN B. BABBITT. HENRY A. THOMPSON.atanie C. Macrae. I9 *JOSHUA BAKER. aS C. Macrae. I *DANIEL TYLER. L SILAS CASEY. William H. Swift. ( EBENEZER S. SIBLEY. 820 Rawsowndes. 87 ALEXANDER J. CENTER. 1820, RasLoes. R2n NATHANIEL J. EATON. I821 Set/h M. Capron. LAbraham Van Buren. WILLIAM C. YOUNG. ( Albert E. Church. 1822 David H. -
Civil War Times Article on the Stoneman's Raid
•· ' TIMES HE CAME AS A LIBERATOR-HE LEFT AS A PRISONER The Union General Lost In Georgia By William Harris Bragg STONEMAN RIDES AGAINST MACON IN 1864 he orders came from Union Major General his own force. He was, however, emphatic on William T. Sherman's headquarters. Is one point: the rescue mission was to be under T sued on July 25, 1864, they were clear taken only after Atlanta's last rail artery had been enough. Yankee cavalrymen, striking out from severed. either flank of the Union host investing Atlanta, While accepting its risks, Sherman consid Georgia, would circle toward each other and ered Stoneman's raid a "rash adventure," a meet on the night of July 28, thirty miles below scheme calling fo~ more than he could probably the city. There they would wreck up to five miles accomplish. The expedition plan demanded hard of the Macon railroad, Atlanta's only supply line. marching over hundreds of miles of hostile ter As they did this, Sherman's Army of the Ten ritory, heavy fighting, and the rough work of nessee would move against the same railway railroad destruction, as well as the reduction of six miles below the city. The results were "ex a sizeable town and the capture of a fortified pected to be decisive": Atlanta's defender, Con prison camp-all during the energy-sapping days federate General John Bell Hood-denied com of a hot Georgia July. Were Stoneman and his munications, supplies, and reinforcements - men equal to the task? Their records suggested would be pressed to abandon his complex for not. -
September 2020 Volume 35 | Number 3
September 2020 Volume 35 | Number 3 CONTENTS Presidents Corner 3 Tour of Homes Reimagined 6 Legislative RoundUp 8 DH Middle School’s New Fields 15 Atlanta’s Hero By Jennifer J. Richardson I first saw John Lewis on televi- including Lake Claire, Druid Hills, Candler sion— in one of those grainy black and Park, Poncey Highland, Inman Park and white films that used to be the norm. Old Fourth Ward. This expressway, called There he was, leading the Student “Stone Mountain Expressway,” “Stone Non-Violent Coordinating Commit- Mountain Tollway,” “Presidential Park- tee; then later lying on his side in a way” and later still “Freedom Parkway” raincoat being bludgeoned by the billy had been planned in 1946. Its purpose was club of a police officer. Another time, to connect two stubs of highway—at Stone an impossibly young Lewis stepped Mountain and at Boulevard/Glen Iris up to the microphone at the 1963 downtown. It was planned as a four- lane March on Washington, surrounded commuter road so folks out there could by Civil Rights icons. He was 23 years get in town to their jobs. old when he made his speech there. When John Lewis served on Atlanta Another time, I saw him in a television Jennie Richardson with John Lewis City Council, beginning in 1982, he put head shot: a huge bandage covering forth a resolution that the city would the place where the billy club had never support the four-lane highway. It shattered his skull. passed unanimously. Later on, Council I was not yet a teenager when all members began receiving pressure from this was going on, but Lewis and Dr. -
“Sharpshooters Made a Grand Record This Day” Combat on the Skirmish Line at Gettysburg on July 3
“Sharpshooters Made a Grand Record This Day” Combat on the Skirmish Line at Gettysburg on July 3 Timothy J. Orr On the morning of July 3, 1863, Corporal Eugene B. Kelleran, a soldier in Company I, 20th Maine Infantry, descended the slopes of Big Round Top, a rocky eminence where his regiment had spent the previous evening. Near dark on July 2, the fatigued Maine regiment scaled the wooded heights, drove off an enemy brigade, and took possession of the summit. As per standard procedure, the 20th Maine’s commander, Colonel Joshua Chamberlain, deployed skirmishers to determine the layout of the Confederate line and to make certain that his regiment truly held the hill. Midway down the southwestern slope, Kelleran and his comrades collided with skirmishers from Colonel James Sheffield’s Alabama brigade. A short fight ensued, lasting only a few minutes. The Maine regiment lost Lieutenant Arad Linscott, who had seized an abandoned musket so he could get a shot at the gray-coats himself. A ball struck Linscott in the thigh, and he died several hours later at the Jacob Weikert farm.1 During this engagement, a Confederate skirmisher kneeling behind a rock took aim at Corporal Kelleran, who also lowered his own rifle and fired. Kelleran got off his shot, which passed through the Alabamian’s mouth and came out the back of his head. When the shooting subsided, Kelleran went to the blood-spattered boulder and noticed that the man’s hat had been left untouched by both the bullet and the resulting gore. Kelleran had long wanted a new hat, so he took this one from his fallen adversary. -
VOL. 1873 Fourth Annual Reunion of the Association of the Graduates of the United States Military Academy, at West Point, New Yo
FOURTH ANNUAL REUNION OF THE OF THE UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY, AT WEST SOIVT, JNEW YO(K, JUNE 1, 1873. NEW YORK: D. VAN NOSTRAND, PUBLISHER, 23 MURRAY AND 27 WARREN STREET. 1873. ANNUAL REUNION JUNE 12, 1873. MINUTES OF THE BUSINESS MEETING. WEST POINT, N. Y., June 12th, 1873. The Association met in the Chapel of the United States Military Academy, and was called to order by Judge R. P. Parrott, Class of 1824, Chairman of the Executive Committee. Prayer was offered by the Rev. C. C. Parsons, Class of 1861 (June). The roll of the Members of the Association was then called by the Secretary. ROLL OF MEMBERS. Those present are indicated by a *, and those deceased in italics. Class. Class. 1808 Sylvanus Thayer. (Dennis H. Mahan. 1824 \ *ROBERT P. PARROTT. *SIMON WILLARD. (JOHN M. FESSENDEN. James Munroe. 1815 THOMAS J. LESLIE. 1825 N. SAYRE HARRIS. CHARLES DAVIES. *WILLIAM H. C. BARTLETT. Horace Webster. *SAMUEL P. HEINTZELMAN. 1818 HARVEY BROWN. 1826 AUGUSTUS J. PLEASONTON. Hacrtman Bache. *NATHANIELX C. MACRAE. EDWIN B. BABBIT. EDWARD D. MANSFIELD. l *SILAS CASEY. HENRY BREWERTON. 1819 HENRY A. THOMPSON. ALEXANDER J. CENTER. *DANIEL TYLER. 1827 NATHANIEL J. EATON. WILLIAM H. SWIFT. Abraham Van Buren. 1820 RAWLINS LOWNDES. *ALBERT E. CHURCH. 1828 GUSTAVE S. ROUSSEAU. 1821 *SETH M. CAPRON. CRAFTS J. WRIGHT. *WILLIAM C. YOUNG. f CATH. P. BUCKINGHAM. David H. Vinton. SIDNEY BURBANK. 18 *BENJAMIN H. WRIGHT. WILLIAM HOFFMAN. DAVID HUNTER. THOMAS SWORDS. 1829 ALBEMARLE CADY. GEORGE S. GREENE. *THOMAS A. DAVIES. *HANNIBAL DAY. *CALEB C. SIBLEY. 8 GEORGE H. CROSMAN. JAMES CLARK.