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Importancia De La Memoria Histórica a Través De La UNIVERSIDAD DE EL SALVADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y HUMANIDADES ESCUELA DE ARTES IMPORTANCIA DE LA MEMORIA HISTÓRICA A TRAVÉS DE LA REPRESENTACIÓN VISUAL DE LA PRODUCCIÓN EN BORDADOS REALIZADOS POR SALVADOREÑOS REFUGIADOS EN COLOMONCAGUA, HONDURAS, ENTRE 1981 A 1992, CONTENIDOS EN LA COLECCIÓN DEL MUSEO DE LA PALABRA Y LA IMAGEN (MUPI) PRESENTADO POR CHICAS ALFARO, ROLANDO ERNESTO CA12010 MONTES POLANCO, GABRIELA ORQUÍDEA MP09043 RODRÍGUEZ MORALES, JOSÉ DANIEL RM11123 INFORME FINAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN ELABORADO POR ESTUDIANTES EGRESADOS(AS) COMO REQUISITO DEL PROCESO DE GRADO PARA OPTAR AL TÍTULO DE LICENCIADOS(AS) EN ARTES PLÁSTICAS OPCIÓN: PINTURA Arq. Sonia Margarita Álvarez DOCENTE ASESOR(A) Maestro Carlos Alberto Quijada Fuentes COORDINADOR GENERAL DE PROCESOS DE GRADUACIÓN DE LA ESCUELA DE ARTES NOVIEMBRE DE 2019 CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA SAN SALVADOR, EL SALVADOR AUTORIDADES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE EL SALVADOR MsC. Roger Armando Arias Alvarado RECTOR Doctor Manuel de Jesús Joya VICERRECTOR ACADÉMICO Ingeniero Nelson Bernabé Granados VICERRECTOR ADMINISTRATIVO Lic. Rafael Humberto Peña Marín FISCAL GENERAL Maestro Cristóbal Ríos SECRETARIO GENERAL AUTORIDADES DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y HUMANIDADES Maestro José Vicente Cuchillas Melara DECANO Maestro Edgar Nicolás Ayala VICEDECANO Maestro Héctor Daniel Carballo Díaz SECRETARIO AUTORIDADES DE LA ESCUELA DE ARTES Maestra Ligia del Rosario Manzano Martínez DIRECTORA Maestro Carlos Alberto Quijada Fuentes COORDINADOR GENERAL DE PROCESOS DE GRADUACIÓN DE LA ESCUELA DE ARTES Arquitecta Sonia Margarita Álvarez DOCENTE ASESOR TRIBUNAL CALIFICADOR Arquitecta Sonia Margarita Álvarez Licenciado Álvaro Julio César Sermeño Maestro José Orlando Angel Estrada AGRADECIMIENTOS A Dios por haber permitido dedicarme, esforzarme y por toda la sabiduría. A mi madre Teresa de Jesús Morales y a mi padre José Fausto Rodríguez por el eterno apoyo, Mi novia Raquel y familia en general. A mis compañeros de tesis, Orquídea Polanco y Rolando Chicas, por la armonía y por todo lo compartido durante este trabajo. A Nuestra asesora del proceso de grado Sonia Margarita Álvarez, por su gran asesoramiento en cualquier consulta así como el seguimiento total del proceso. A la Licda. Eliza Argueta y Doña Irma Díaz por su testimonio de vida datos fundamentales en esta investigación Al personal en general de (Museo de la Palabra y la Imagen) por permitir realizar dicho proceso en la institución. Y Finalmente y de manera general gracias a toda persona o institución que directa o indirectamente hizo beneficios en nuestro proceso de graduación. Daniel Rodríguez A mis padres Morena de Chicas y Mauricio Chicas, quienes me dieron vida, educación, apoyo y consejos. Mi hermano Carlos por ser siempre mi mayor ejemplo a seguir. A mis compañeros de estudio Daniel Rodriguez y Orquídea Polanco con quienes realizamos este documento con mucho esfuerzo, sacrificio y esmero. A nuestra asesoría y maestra Sonia Álvarez quien respeto y aprecio mucho. A Carlos Consalvi por todo el aporte que brinda a la sociedad salvadoreña. A mis maestros y amigos. Rolando Chicas Agradezco a mi madre Violeta Polanco, por su apoyo incondicional, a mi asesora de tesis Sonia Álvarez y amigos y compañeros que estuvieron apoyándome en la investigación. Agradezco a Carlos Consalvi, por la oportunidad de brindarme investigar y desarrollar mi trabajo de graduación en su institución. Y finalmente agradezco a mis compañeros Daniel Rodríguez y Rolando Chicas por trabajar juntos en el proceso del cual he aprendido mucho Orquídea Polanco IMPORTANCIA DE LA MEMORIA HISTÓRICA A TRAVÉS DE LA REPRESENTACIÓN VISUAL DE LA PRODUCCIÓN EN BORDADOS REALIZADOS POR SALVADOREÑOS REFUGIADOS EN COLOMONCAGUA, HONDURAS, ENTRE 1981 A 1992, CONTENIDOS EN LA COLECCIÓN DEL MUSEO DE LA PALABRA Y LA IMAGEN (MUPI) Trabajo de Grado presentado por: Chicas Alfaro, Rolando Ernesto CA12010, Licenciatura en Artes Plásticas, Opción Pintura, Escuela de Artes, Facultad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad de El Salvador Montes Polanco, Gabriela Orquídea MP09043, Licenciatura en Artes Plásticas, Opción Pintura, Escuela de Artes, Facultad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad de El Salvador Rodríguez Morales, José Daniel RM11123, Licenciatura en Artes Plásticas, Opción Pintura, Escuela de Artes, Facultad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Universidad de El Salvador RESUMEN En la presente investigación, de proceso de grado se reconoce todo lo que gira en torno a los bordados realizados por salvadoreños refugiados en Honduras como una herramienta de comunicación artística, y como fuente de inspiración para el mismo; esto ayuda no solo a aprehender el pasado sino a analizarlo, a sensibilizarse ante tales tragedias, genera una relevante herramienta informativa con interés en los propios salvadoreños, también se vuelve necesario el crear obra que comunique y que esté basada en la colección permanente “Bordadoras de Memoria” La propuesta del Proyecto que tiene como título “Importancia de la memoria histórica a través de la representación visual de la producción en bordados realizados por salvadoreños refugiados en Colomoncagua, Honduras, entre 1981 a 1992, contenidos en la colección del Museo de la Palabra y la Imagen (MUPI)”, pasó varias etapas dentro de las cuales está la verificación de una necesidad real dentro del Museo, se indagó bibliográficamente lo relacionado con el tema y se realizó toda una etapa de entrevistas a personas específicas. Cómo se originó todo este proceso, cómo se conceptualizó y materializó en una obra plástica, dicha producción es una herramienta muy eficiente para difundir más el museo, mostrar también el papel del artista plástico. Finalmente se culmina el trabajo realizando un registro de la producción pictórica donde se emplearon técnicas mixtas y que servirán para engrosar más la importancia de la colección que contiene los bordados, y así creando más interés a la propia memoria histórica nacional. Palabras clave: Bordados, Honduras, Refugiados, El Salvador, Memoria Histórica IMPORTANCE OF THE HISTORICAL MEMORY THROUGH THE VISUAL REPRESENTATION OF THE PRODUCTION IN EMBROIDERIES MADE BY SALVADOREANS REFUGEES IN COLOMONCAGUA, HONDURAS, BETWEEN 1981 TO 1992, CONTAINED IN THE COLLECTION OF EL MUSEO DE LA PALABRA Y LA IMAGEN (MUPI) Final research proyect presented by: Chicas Alfaro, Rolando Ernesto CA12010, Bachelor of Plastic Arts, Painting Option, School of Arts, Faculty of Science and Humanitics, University of El Salvador Montes Polanco, Gabriela Orquídea MP09043, Bachelor of Plastic Arts, Painting Option, School of Arts, Faculty of Science and Humanitics, University of El Salvador Rodríguez Morales, José Daniel RM11123, Bachelor of Plastic Arts, Painting Option, School of Arts, Faculty of Science and Humanitics, University of El Salvador ABSTRACT In this research, the degree process recognizes everything that revolves around the embroidery made by Salvadorans refugees in Honduras as a tool of artistic communication, and as a source of inspiration for it; this helps not only to apprehend the past but to analyze it, to be sensitive to such tragedies, it generates a relevant informative tool with interest among Salvadorans themselves, it also becomes necessary to create work that communicates and that is based on the permanent collection " Bordando memorias " The proposal of the Project that has as its title "Importance of the historical memory through the visual representation of the production in embroideries made by Salvadorans refugees in Colomoncagua, Honduras, between 1981 to 1992, contained in the collection of El Museo de La palabra y la Imagen (MUPI) ", it went over several stages in which was the verification of a real need within the Museum, bibliography related to the subject was collected and a whole stage of interviews were conducted with specific individuals. How this whole process originated, how it was conceptualized and materialized in a plastic work, this production is a very efficient tool to get to know the museum more. It also shows the role of the artist . Finally the work is completed by making a record of the Pictorial production where mixed techniques were used, those which will enrich more the importance of the collection that contains the embroidery, and thus creating more interest to the national historical memory. Key words: Embroidery, Honduras, Refugees, El Salvador, Historical Memory. ÍNDICE GENERAL AUTORIDADES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE EL SALVADOR…………...............II AGRADECIMIENTOS………………......................................................................III RESUMEN…………………………………………………………………...…..…IV ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………...………..V PRESENTACIÓN…………….………………………………....….….........XIII-XIV INTRODUCCIÓN………………………………………….…………..….…XV-XVI PRIMERA PARTE INFORME FINAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN Importancia de la memoria histórica a través de la representación visual de la producción en bordados realizados por salvadoreños refugiados en Colomoncagua, Honduras, entre 1981 a 1992, contenidos en la colección del Museo de la Palabra y la Imagen (MUPI) CAPÍTULOS CAPÍTULO I Contexto histórico y antecedentes…………….....................................18 1.1. Causas y fundamentos…………………………………………………....……19 1.1.1. Desarrollo del concepto de memoria histórica y su enfoque en relación con el contexto durante el proceso del conflicto armado……………………………………………….…...19-21 1.1.2. Socialización política…………………………………………….…..…21-22 1.1.3. Contexto social en el salvador en el siglo xx………………….…..….…22-25 1.1.4. Antecedentes del conflicto armado………………………………..…….....25 1.1.5. Causas que dieron
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