Innovation and informed trading: Evidence from industry ETFs Shiyang Huang, Maureen O’Hara, and Zhuo Zhong*1 November 2018 We hypothesize that industry exchange traded funds (ETFs) encourage informed trading on underlying firms through facilitating hedging of industry-specific risks. We show that short interest on industry ETFs, reflecting part of the “long-the-stock/short-the-ETF” strategy, positively predicts returns on these ETFs and the percentage of positive earnings announcements of underlying stocks. We also show that hedge funds’ long-short strategy using industry ETFs and industry ETF membership reduces post-earnings-announcement- drift. Our results suggest that financial innovations such as industry ETFs can be beneficial for informational efficiency by helping investors to hedge risks. JEL Classification: G12; G14 Keywords: ETF, hedge funds, short interest, market efficiency, financial innovation * Shiyang Huang (
[email protected]) is at the University of Hong Kong; Maureen O’Hara (
[email protected]) is at the Johnson College of Business, Cornell University and UTS; Zhuo Zhong (
[email protected]) is at the University of Melbourne. We thank Li An (discussant), Vikas Agarwal (discussant), Vyacheslav (Slava) Fos (discussant), Andrea Lu, Dong Lou,Bruce Grundy, Bryan Lim, Chen Yao (discussant), Liyan Yang, Terry Hendershott, Raymond Kan, Vincent Gregoire, Kalle Rinne (discussant) as well as seminar participants at University of Toronto, University of Melbourne, University of Technology Sydney, McGill, HEC Montreal, Wilfrid Laurier University, 2018 Luxembourg Asset Management Summit, 2018 UW Summer Finance Conference in Seattle, 2018 LSE Paul Woolley Center Conference, CICF 2018 and Bank of America Merrill Lynch Asia Quant Conference 2018 for helpful comments and suggestions.