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California Rice Production Workshop, v15 Variety Selection and Management Introduction and History Since its beginning in 1912, California’s rice industry limited its produc - tion and marketing largely to a few short and medium grain japonica varieties, developed from stocks originating in Japan and China. These varieties produced good yields of quality rice in the dry, temperate cli - mate of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys. For the grower, the choice of variety to plant was relatively simple because the few varieties available were similar in performance, yield potential and milling qual - ity when properly managed. Included were Colusa, Caloro and Calrose released in 1918, 1921 and 1948, respectively, and Earlirose, a productive, early maturing, proprietary variety, released in 1965 which soon became a popular variety for cold areas and/or late plantings. These were the major rice varieties grown in California until the early 1970’s. Then, the variety picture began to change significantly. A powerful impetus for this was the enactment of California Rice Research Marketing Order that established the California Rice Research Board in 1969. This grower initiative provided significant and regular funding to hasten development and release of new varieties. The medium grain variety CS-M3 was released in 1970 and the short grain variety CS-S4 in 1971, from rice hybridizations made in 1946 and 1957 at the Rice Experiment Station (RES) at Biggs, CA. CS-M3 gained wide acceptance and competed with the older Calrose for acreage. But, CS-S4, though an improvement over Caloro, was not widely grown because of its suscep - Publicly devel - tibility to low temperature induced sterility. -
RICE and GRAINS
RICE and GRAINS RICE is one of the most important foods in the world, supplying as much as half of the daily calories for half of the world’s population. Scientific name: Oryza sativa Categories: short grain, medium grain or long grain o Short grain – has the highest starch content, males the stickiest rice. o Long grain – lighter and tends to remain separate when cooked. Another way that rice is classified is according to the degree of milling that it undergoes. This is what makes a BROWN RICE different than white rice. BROWN RICE – often referred to as whole rice or cargo rice, is the whole grain with only its inedible outer hull removed. Brown rice still retains its nutrient-rich bran and germ. WHITE RICE – is both milled and polished, which removes the bran and germ along with all the nutrients that reside within these important layers. SOME OF THE MOST POPULAR VARIETIES OF RICE IN THIS COUNTRY INLCUDE: ARBORIO – a round grain, starchy white rice, traditionally used to make the Italian dish risotto. BASMATI – an aromatic rice that has a nutlike fragrance, delicate flavor and light texture. SWEET RICE – almost translucent when it is cooked, this very sticky rice is traditionally used to make sushi and mochi. JASMINE – a soft-textured long grain aromatic rice that is available in both brown and white varieties. BHUTANESE RED RICE – grown in the Himalayas, this red colored rice has a nutty, earthy taste. FORBIDDEN RICE – a black colored rice that turns purple upon cooking and has a sweet taste and sticky texture. -
Anthocyanins in Thai Rice Varieties: Distribution and Pharmacological Significance
International Food Research Journal 25(5): 2024-2032 (October 2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my Anthocyanins in Thai rice varieties: distribution and pharmacological significance Sivamaruthi, B.S., Kesika, P. and *Chaiyasut, C. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Article history Abstract Received: 29 April 2017 Anthocyanins are phenolic, water-soluble, predominant flavonoids of plants, and are known Received in revised form: for its wide distribution and its pharmacological importance. Almost all the plant sources like 18 July 2017 Accepted: 26 July 2017 vegetables, fruits, cereals, grains are residing with anthocyanins. The type and quantity of the anthocyanins differ based on the species, varieties, cultivars, even the growth stage of the same plant, part of the plant, ethnic and environmental factors. Rice is one of the regular food sources for more than half of the people in the world. The rice cultivars and strains vary among the Keywords countries. Apart from the typical, polished, white rice, some of the colored rice varieties are in use. Anthocyanin present in the rice outer layer contributes the color of the rice. The nature, Anthocyanins concentration, and distribution of anthocyanins are found to be varied among the rice cultivars. Thai rice The current review focused on the anthocyanins content of Thai rice varieties and its reported Pharmacological pharmacological significance. importance © All Rights Reserved Introduction fruits, vegetables, and are documented by a recent study (Chaiyavat et al., 2016). The fruits, especially Rice commonly consumed food worldwide berries, are well-known source of anthocyanin. especially among Asian peoples. -
CFL Black Rice Brief
CELLULAR FRACTION-LINE ACTIVATED SPROUTED ORGANIC BLACK RICE Scientific name: Oryza sativa Cellular Fraction-Line activated Sprouted Black Rice Powder is a one-of-a-kind functional food with a broad spectrum of popularity and application that is unique to the market. Black Rice also referred to as Purple Rice and, in Thailand as “Mountain Rice” (khao doi) , is a dry- land rice, rich in anthocyanin antioxidants, minerals, vitamins and amino acids. It is the most nutritious variety of rice with higher nutritional values than either white or brown rice. Black rice is a wholegrain which is gluten free, cholesterol free, low in fat, sugar and salt yet high in fiber, anthocyanin antioxidants, Vitamins B and E, niacin, thiamin, magnesium, iron, zinc and phosphorous. The Ultimate Functional Food: The combination of attention to scientific detail with renewed reverence for correct cultural preparation has given life to the ultimate Functional Food. “Functional Food” is an industry category assigned to foods that deliver therapeutic levels of beneficial constituents in a convenient Whole Food form. Our product maintains consumer acceptance as a common food while providing extensive scientific research of its effective health values. Independent studies have shown positive results from Black rice in weight management, treating various forms of Inflammation, regulating blood, gut rehabilitation and even certain forms of cancer. Category Management: The Natural food industry as well as mass market utilizes a system known as Category Management. Categories are created to designate shelf space for products that fit into specific dominant buying trends. The hottest selling and most consistent categories each of which are applicable to our Cellular Fraction Line bioactive sprouted black rice power are as follows: 1. -
Phytochemical Profiles of Black, Red, Brown, and White Rice from The
Article pubs.acs.org/JAFC Phytochemical Profiles of Black, Red, Brown, and White Rice from the Camargue Region of France Gema Pereira-Caro,† Gerard Cros,‡ Takao Yokota,¶ and Alan Crozier*,† † Joseph Black Building, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom ‡ Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, CNRS UMR 5247 and UniversitéMontpellier 1 and 2, Institut des Biomoleculeś Max Mousseron, Facultéde Pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier 34093 cedex 05, France ¶ Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya 320-8551, Japan ABSTRACT: Secondary metabolites in black, red, brown, and white rice grown in the Camargue region of France were investigated using HPLC-PDA-MS2. The main compounds in black rice were anthocyanins (3.5 mg/g), with cyanidin 3-O- glucoside and peonidin 3-O-glucoside predominating, followed by flavones and flavonols (0.5 mg/g) and flavan-3-ols (0.3 mg/g), which comprised monomeric and oligomeric constituents. Significant quantities of γ-oryzanols, including 24-methylenecy- cloartenol, campesterol, cycloartenol, and β-sitosterol ferulates, were also detected along with lower levels of carotenoids (6.5 μg/ g). Red rice was characterized by a high amount of oligomeric procyanidins (0.2 mg/g), which accounted >60% of secondary metabolite content with carotenoids and γ-oryzanol comprising 26.7%, whereas flavones, flavonols and anthocyanins were <9%. Brown and white rice contained lower quantities of phytochemicals, in the form of flavones/flavonols (21−24 μg/g) and γ- oryzanol (12.3−8.2 μg/g), together with trace levels of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin. Neither anthocyanins nor procyanidins were detected in brown and white rice. -
Traditional Rice Varieties of Tamil Nadu : a Source Book
TRADITIONAL RICE VARIETIES OF TAMIL NADU - A SOURCE BOOK THE CENTRE FOR INDIAN KNOWLEDGE Since 1995, Centre for Indian Knowledge Namma Nellu is an initiative of Centre for Indian SYSTEMS Systems has been working towards Knowledge Systems to conserve indigenous enhancing livelihood security of small rice varieties in Tamil Nadu. The objectives of (CIKS) and marginal farmers in Tamil Nadu. Namma Nellu initiative are planting and replanting Our programmes in the areas of organic the varieties year after year in two locations for agriculture, biodiversity conservation and conservation purposes, conducting researches has been involved in work relating to various Vrkshayurveda (the ancient Indian plant to understand the characteristics of traditional aspects of Traditional Rice Varieties (TRV) since science) have helped farmers go organic in the formation of the organization in 1995. The varieties, initiating dialogues on the importance a sustainable, effective and profitable way. work started initially with the realization that of Agro biodiversity on society and ecology these varieties were important for sustainable Drawing from and building on indigenous and multiplying seeds to offer for large scale agriculture practices since they provide a range knowledge and practices, we develop production of traditional rice varieties. of seeds which are suited to various ecosystems, farming solutions relevant to the present soil types and in many cases have the resistance day context. Our activities include research, to various pests, diseases, drought and floods. Several individuals, associations, communities, During the last 25 years the work has progressed extension work and promoting farmer educational institutions, families and organisations extensively as well as deeply and it currently producer organizations. -
The Lazy Gourmet: Magnificent Meals Made Easy
U.S. $15.95 • Cooking/Entertainment THE “Food that’s simple, seasonal, fresh and doable.” —Joanne Weir lazy The Lazy Gourmet is for anyone who dreams of dazzling friends and loved ones with fabulous home-cooked fare, especially cooks short on time, patience, skill or experience. Authors and food bloggers Robin Donovan and Juliana Gallin conquer the misguided belief that preparing an elegant meal requires spending hours—or days—in the kitchen. With the help of an army of volunteer testers, regular people with picky palates and little cooking experience, they have created this GOURMET collection of more than 125 easy recipes. Elegant, party-worthy dishes like Orange-Spiced Pecans, Basil Leaf and Goat Cheese Wraps, Pistachio-Crusted Leg of Lamb, Seared Sea Scallops with Mint and Pea Puree, and Lazy Chocolate “Mousse” all rely on readily available ingredients, common kitchen appliances and basic techniques. With these deceptively easy recipes and a bevy of useful tips and tricks, The Lazy Gourmet shows that anyone can prepare delightfully simple yet surprisingly delicious and sophisticated dishes that are certain to impress. “In The Lazy Gourmet, Robin “Whether you’re a nervous “If you want to prepare sophis- and Juliana have transformed newbie or a skilled cook with ticated, exceptional meals for Magnificent Meals Made Easy ‘lazy’ into ‘quintessentially utmost confidence, you’ll your friends and family but are by Robin Donovan & Juliana Gallin elegant.’” appreciate this smart recipe busy, kitchen-phobic or just —John Scharffenberger, founder of collection that allows you to put plain lazy, this is the cookbook Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker an impressive spread on the for you.” table even when you’re time- —Sally Bernstein, editor-in-chief, pressed.” of Sally’s Place —Carolyn Jung, James Beard Award-winning food writer and creator of FoodGal.com Viva Editions 1-800-780-2279 www.vivaeditions.com Photos: Fuse, Maren Caruso, Inti St. -
Red and Black Rice with Leeks and Pea Tendrils NEW YORK TIMES - RECIPES for HEALTH
Red and Black Rice with Leeks and Pea Tendrils NEW YORK TIMES - RECIPES FOR HEALTH I made this on impulse when I found pea tendrils at the farmers’ market this week, but you don’t have to put aside the recipe until spring brings them to your markets — use baby spinach instead. The dish is inspired by a recipe for farro and black rice with pea tendrils from Suzanne Goin’s “Sunday Suppers at Lucques." INGREDIENTS: • 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil • 2 leeks, white and light green parts only, halved lengthwise, cleaned and sliced thin • Salt to taste • 2 teaspoons thyme leaves • 3 cups cooked Wehani rice or Bhutanese red rice • 1 cup cooked black rice, either Japonica or Chinese black rice • 1 6-ounce bunch pea tendrils, ends trimmed, washed and spun dry, or 1 6-ounce bag baby spinach • Salt and freshly ground pepper Preparation: Heat 2 tablespoons of the olive oil over medium heat in a large, heavy skillet, and add the leek and a pinch of salt. Cook, stirring, until the leeks soften, about three minutes. Stir in the pea tendrils or spinach. Cook, stirring, until they wilt, about three minutes for pea tendrils and one minute for baby spinach. Season to taste. Add the thyme, the remaining olive oil and rice, and stir until the mixture is combined. Season with freshly ground pepper, adjust salt and serve. Yield: (serves 4 to 6) Advance preparation: The dish will keep for three to four days in the refrigerator and can be frozen. Nutritional information per serving (four servings): 354 calories; 2 grams saturated fat; 2 grams polyunsaturated -
Review in World's Healthiest Foods
In some parts of the world, the word "to eat" literally means "to eat rice." All varieties of rice are available throughout the year, supplying as much as half of the daily calories for half of the world's population. The process that produces brown rice removes only the outermost layer, the hull, of the rice kernel and is the least damaging to its nutritional value. The complete milling and polishing that converts brown rice into white rice destroys 67% of the vitamin B3, 80% of the vitamin B1, 90% of the vitamin B6, half of the manganese, half of the phosphorus, 60% of the iron, and all of the dietary fiber and essential fatty acids. Fully milled and polished white rice is required to be "enriched" with vitamins B1, B3 and iron. • Health Benefits • Description • History • How to Select and Store • How to Enjoy • Safety • Nutritional Profile • References Health Benefits Why Brown-But Not White-Rice is One of the World's Healthiest Foods The difference between brown rice and white rice is not just color! A whole grain of rice has several layers. Only the outermost layer, the hull, is removed to produce what we call brown rice. This process is the least damaging to the nutritional value of the rice and avoids the unnecessary loss of nutrients that occurs with further processing. If brown rice is further milled to remove the bran and most of the germ layer, the result is a whiter rice, but also a rice that has lost many more nutrients. At this point, however, the rice is still unpolished, and it takes polishing to produce the white rice we are used to seeing. -
Quick, Easy, Whole Grain Recipes for Families
QUICK, EASY, WHOLE GRAIN RECIPES FOR FAMILIES WHOLE GRAIN PITA PIZZA Makes 2 servings 2 round 6-7” whole wheat pitas 6 oz spaghetti sauce (about 1/4 of a typical jar) 3 oz part-skim shredded mozzarella cheese 1 cup chopped vegetables (onions, peppers, mushrooms, spinach, olives—your choice) Drizzle of olive oil 1. Preheat oven to 350°F. Spread half the sauce on each pita round. If you’re using chopped fresh spinach, add it now, before the cheese, so it won’t dry out too much. 2. Top with cheese, divided between the two pizzas, and then vegetables. Drizzle with oil. 3. Bake for 15 minutes on a pizza pan or cookie sheet. Much healthier than store or restaurant pizza because you have a whole-grain crust, plenty of vegetables and a reasonable amount of cheese. Add small bits of Italian chicken or turkey sausage if you like. Kids love to decorate their own pizzas! IRISH OATMEAL WITH APPLES Makes 4 servings 1 cup steel-cut oatmeal 4 cups water (we use slightly less) 4 small apples or pears, washed, cored and chopped (no need to peel them) Dash of cinnamon and/or nutmeg 1 handful walnuts or pecans (optional) Enough milk (soy milk and cow’s milk are both good) 1. Measure oats into saucepan and add water. In general you want about 1/4 cup oats and one cup water per person. Use less water next time if you like drier oatmeal. 2. Bring to a boil, then simmer “actively”—keep temperature where the oatmeal will bubble a lot but won’t start rising up the pan. -
Bringing Traditional Food Ingredients Straight From
BRINGING TRADITIONAL FOOD INGREDIENTS STRAIGHT FROM THE FARM TO YOUR KITCHEN ABOUT US At Original Indian Table we are passionate about increasing farmer income by bringing the finest indigenous and healthy ingredients from India to market. To do this, we have travelled more than 90,000 kilometers across 24 Indian states to meet with farmers. We have found farmers increasingly move towards local crops and natural ways of growing food that are safer for us and healthier for the climate. Our mission is to bring these products to customers looking for clean, nutritious and local food. OUR PHILOSOPHY We believe in the interconnectedness of things. We can live a healthy life and live on a healthy planet only if we re-establish our relationship with food and enable the production of clean, local and sustainably grown crops. All our products are Traditional, Healthy and Directly Sourced. WHAT WE DO We bridge the gap between farmers struggling to market traditional and sustainable food ingredients and customers looking for healthier, more nutritious and local alternatives. Our offering is positioned as an experience as it contains not just the product but also details on the origin, nutritional benefits and uses for each product. Our clients range from retail customers to leading chefs, restaurants and hotels across India and abroad. PARTNERS/FARMERS Our back-bone are our partner women and men farmers and organizations across India. They have dedicated their lives to sustainable farming. They work tirelessly to sow, nuture and harvest traditional varieties of produce, so that You and Me can live a healthy life. -
Development of Ready-To-Eat Color Rice Product Enriched with Natural Amino Acids
Journal of Agricultural Science; Vol. 11, No. 13; 2019 ISSN 1916-9752 E-ISSN 1916-9760 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Development of Ready-to-Eat Color Rice Product Enriched With Natural Amino Acids Prajongwate Satmalee1, Vipa Surojanametakul1, Ngamjit Lowithun1, Rattanawan Mungkung2 & Sarocha Dangsiri3 1 Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 2 Center of Excellence on Environmental Strategy for GREEN Business, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand 3 Department of Environmental Technology and Management, Faculty of Environment, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand Correspondence: Prajongwate Satmalee, Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. Tel: 660-294-286-2935. E-mail: [email protected] Received: May 8, 2019 Accepted: June 24, 2019 Online Published: August 15, 2019 doi:10.5539/jas.v11n13p56 URL: https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n13p56 Abstract A meat-free diet and the aging society cause some of the health problems. One of that was the deficiency of some essential amino acid in the diets. Riceberry has recently been developed in Thailand. This new variety of colored rice has a dark purple seed coat containing anthocyanin which acts as an antioxidant. Similar to normal rice, riceberry lacks lysine which plays an important role in maintaining body systems through hormone release and muscle mass maintenance. To enrich ready-to-eat rice products, red bean was added as a natural amino acid source. This formulated product had higher protein and ash content, while energy, fat and carbohydrate content were not different from the control. The essential amino acid profile of the product was complete and product shelf life was 6 months with an unchanged texture.