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Syngas Production by Plasma Gasification of Coal

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Syngas Production by Plasma Gasification of Coal SYNGAS PRODUCTION BY PLASMA GASIFICATION OF COAL V.E.Messerle, A.B.Ustimenko, O.A.Lavrichshev Institute of Thermophysics of SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia Research Institute of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, NTO Plasmotechnika, Almaty, Kazakhstan [email protected] 6th International Freiberg Conference on IGCC & XtL Technologies, Coal Conversion and Syngas, 19-22 May 2014, Dresden/Radebeul, Germany OBJECTIVE To demonstrate a perspective and possibilities of solid fuel plasma gasification for production of synthesis gas for metallurgy, power engineering and chemical industry. THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING Chemical analysis of the solid fuels, % dry mass basis СО Н Fuel 2 2 N2 S SiO 2 Al 2O3 Fe 2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na 2O BC 48.86 6.56 3.05 0.8 0.73 23.09 13.8 2.15 0.34 0.31 0.16 0.15 PC 75.0 0.88 15.53 0.01 5.63 1.31 0.78 0.6 0.1 0.05 0.07 0.04 The BC higher heat value is 16632 kJ/kg; the ash is 40%. The PC higher heat value is 47008 kJ/kg; the ash is 3%. THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING For computation of the solid fuels gasification thermodynamic code TERRA was used. The calculations were performed over a range of temperatures from 400 to 4000 K and pressure 0.1 MPaMPa.. Solid fuel Initial Composition of System for Computation Bituminous 1.0 of BC & 1.275 of air coal (BC) 1.0 of BC & 0.6275 of water steam Petrocoke 1.0 of PC & 4.6 of air (PC) 1.0 of PC & 1.2 of water steam THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING 1.0 of BC & 1.275 of air Organic species Mineral species Condensed phase Concentrations of Gas and Condensed Phases Species versus Temperature THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING 1.0 of BC & 0.6275 of water steam Organic species Mineral species Condensed phase Concentrations of Gas and Condensed Phases Species versus Temperature THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING 1.0 of PC & 4.6 of air 1.0 of PC & 1.2 of water steam Concentrations of Gas Phase Species versus Temperature THERMODYNAMIC MODELLING Carbon Gasification Degree Specific Power Consumptions for versus Temperature the Gasification versus Temperature 1 ––airair gasification of BC; 2 ––steamsteam gasification of BC; 3 ––airair gasification of PC; 4 ––steamsteam gasification of PC. EXPERIMENT Layout of Plasma Installation for Gasification of Coal EXPERIMENT Scheme of Plasma Reactor 1 – rode graphite cathode; 2 – cathode insulator; 3 – water cooled cover; 4 – electromagnetic coil; 5 – ring graphite anode; 6 – graphite orifice EXPERIMENT Laboratory Scale Plasma Installation For Solid Fuel Gasification Nominal Electric Power: 100 kW Induction: 0.015 tesla PF Consumption: 10 kg/h Steam or Air Flow: 10 kg/h EXPERIMENT Plasma Reactor in Action Flowmeter Hole for temperature measuring Electromagnetic coil for arc rotating Probe for temperature measuring Digital optical pyrometer EXPERIMENT Dispersed composition of pulverized solid fuels Average size of BC particles Average size of PC particles is 75 µm (R =25%) 90 is 105 µm (R 90 =60%) Syngas Flame as a Result of Coal Plasma Gasification EXPERIMENT Main Indexes of the Solid Fuels Plasma Gasification Syngas Consumption, kg/h compound, W , Т , X , N Fuel 0 Q, av vol.% c kW kWh/kg K % exit pf WS air СО Н gas 2 N2 1 BC 8.0 - 8.0 12.3 33 2.1 2100 27.4 15.9 55.3 89.6 2 BC 4.0 - 5.1 7.4 30 3.1 2850 38.1 18.2 43.7 95.8 3 BC 4.0 1.9 - 4.2 25 4.8 3500 41.5 55.8 2.7 94.2 4 BC 6.6 3.0 1.9 8.5 52.8 4.7 3550 38.6 51.4 9.8 92.0 5 PC 2.5 3.5 - 5.1 60 9.4 3800 33.9 65.3 0.8 76.3 6 PC 2.5 3.0 - 4.9 60 9.6 3850 36.2 63.1 0.7 78.6 EXPERIMENT Comparison of numerical and experimental results Concentrations, vol. % X ,% Method C CO H2 N2 BC air gasification (U=150 V, I=200 A, P=30 kW, Tmass=2850 K) Experiment 27.4 15.9 55.3 95.8 Thermodynamic simulation 36 .6 16.4 36.6 100 BC steam gasification (U=125 V, I=200 A, P=25 kW, Tmass=3500 K ) Experiment 36.2 18.2 43.7 95.8 Thermodynamic simulation 37.3 19.8 34.1 100 PC steam gasification (U=300 V, I=200 A, P=60 kW, Tmass =3850 K ) Experiment 36.2 63.1 0.7 78.6 Thermodynamic simulation 21.3 76.1 - 100 COST OF THE SYNTHESIS GAS PRODUCED BY PLASMA AND CONVENTIAL TECHNOLOGY М М М Pcoal coal Psteam steam PC C Pel Qel Kplant 13.6 0.98 18.3 0.46 250 0.02 0.03 2500 17.2 1 ton syngas commercial 1 ton syngas (C ) net cost s-g value $119 $207 Css--gg==PPcoal **MMcoal + Psteam **MMsteam + PCC**MMCC++PPelel **QQelel + Kplant P is price ($), M is mass (ton), Qel is quantity of electric power (kW hour) and Kplant is specific capital investment to create the plant, indexes coal, steam, C, el, plant correspond to coal, water steam, electrode carbon, electric power and the plant. CONCLUSIONS Fulfilled study of two essentially different solid fuels gasification showed possibility to produce high quality syngas both in steam and air plasma. It has been found that syngas with the H2+CO content up to 97.4% can be produced. The received syngas from the solid fuels is a high-quality power gas, and it can be used for synthesis of methanol (CO+2H2=CH 3OH). Syngas of this quality is high-potential reducing agent for iron ore direct reducing and can serve as a substitute of metallurgical coke. Plasma steam gasification is perspective method for hydrogen production through water steam decomposition by carbon of low-rank solid fuel. Thanks !.
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